第二周—2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册、选择性必修第四册每周一测
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet... We are surrounded by the word "diet" everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.
Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brains to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, and unhealthy food. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead. All we have to do is to recognize and swallow the word "diet" on food labels.
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that the gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggles.
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and thus prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us __________.
A.diet products can bring out people's potential
B.people have difficulty in choosing diet products
C.diet products are misleading people
D.people are fed up with diet products
2.One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to __________.
A.resist a variety of diet foods B.hesitate before they enjoy diet foods
C.pay attention to their own eating habits D.watch their weight rather than their diet
3.The purpose of writing this passage is _________.
A.to warn people of the side effect of diet products
B.to tell people how to lose weight
C.to advise people to eat diet products
D.to introduce some diet products
B
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
2.What advantage does race walking have over running
A. It's more popular at the Olympics.
B. It's less challenging physically.
C. It's more effective in body building.
D. It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
3.What is Dr. Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking
A. Getting experts' opinions.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.
D. Doing regular exercises.
4.Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
C
When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes(猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture(动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image(图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
1.Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard
A.To see famous film stars. B.To oppose wearing fur coats.
C.To raise money for animal protection. D.To express thanks to some filmmakers.
2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.The cost of making "Apes." B.The creation of digitalized apes.
C.The publicity about "Apes." D.The performance of real apes.
3.What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Listing completely. B.Directing professionally.
C.Promoting successfully. D.Watching carefully.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors
A.They may be badly treated. B.They should take further training.
C.They could be traded illegally. D.They would lose popularity.
D
Most parents realize that a diet of soda and candy isn't a healthy choice, but what should they do if their children are picky eaters who prefer sugary food but refuse fruit and vegetables or just skip meals There are ways to help kids eat healthily and avoid involving many fights at the dinner table.
Jane E. Brody wrote an article for The New York Times in August 2015. The title of the article is "Another Approach to Raising Healthy Eaters". In this article, she shares her experience as a child who was a picky eater. She provides some useful views for parents who have children that are very picky about what foods they will eat.
It turns out that demanding that a child eat something doesn't really work well. The command to "dean your plate" can end up teaching children that it is normal to continue eating after their stomach is full. This habit may continue into adulthood, and can lead to overweight bodies or food disorders.
Instead, parents can try other methods that might actually influence their children to try new foods. One very simple method is to offer your children a small amount of newly introduced food. A large amount can seem intimidating (令人生畏的). One or two bites might feel less scary to try.
Another really easy thing parents can do is to read the ingredients (成分) on food instructions. You might be surprised by the kinds of food that have some form of sugar added to them. One way to be a healthier eater is to reduce the amount of sugar a person eats. Read the ingredient labels, and pick a product that doesn't have extra sugar added. Start making your own type of your child's favorite foods at home instead of buying processed ones, which can enhance their interest in home-made food. Consider organic foods over the popular, well-known foods that are full of sugar.
Sometimes, all it takes to get a child to eat healthily is to offer a food in a different way. Kids that hate raw cauliflower (菜花) might eat it after the vegetable is roasted. It is possible to turn a head of cauliflower into rice. It looks the same and your child may not notice the difference between it and real rice.
1.What do we know about Jane E. Brody
A. She wrote a book to help kids eat less.
B. Her article for The New York Times was written in winter.
C. She shared some methods with parents having picky children.
D. Her experience as a picky eater once made her parents annoyed.
2.The command to clean one's plate usually ______.
A. doesn't work at all
B. leads to children's stomachache
C. ends up with children's hating eating
D. gets children into a bad eating habit
3.What can parents do if they want their children to try a new food
A. Offer a small amount of it.
B. Give all of the food to them.
C. Tell them the ingredients in it.
D. Reduce the amount of sugar in it.
4.Which of the following can help your kid become a healthy eater
A. Making him eat up all food.
B. Only eating organic foods.
C. Buying processed foods.
D. Eating less sugar.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are fighting anxiety in your life, here are some tips on dealing with depression naturally.
Try therapy. ①__________ There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that. Professional help will always be better. The main reason is that an expert therapist is capable of dealing with the condition.
Eat healthy foods. The best way to fight your stress hormones (荷尔蒙) is eating foods that are healthy to help boost your mood. ②__________ The right types of foods can help you feel better and happier.
Fix your sleeping schedules. Sleeping on time may not cure your depression at once, but it's one brick in the wall. ③__________ If your routine does not allow you to have 8 hours of sleep every night, it means that your brain is not getting enough rest. Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression. Depression, in turn, causes insomnia(失眠). In short, it is a poisonous cycle that needs to be broken.
④__________ Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutes. ⑤__________ You are able to get fresh air, which can distract you from your daily stress. Going out for a walk is a good workout for your body. The blood circulation improves and your organs and muscles get enough oxygen.
A. Go out for a walk.
B. There are a few benefits.
C. This is a scientifically proven fact.
D. Dress up and be sure to have fun outdoors.
E. Your depression can start with lack of sleep.
F. This isn't the only way to deal with anxiety.
G. The first thing any person with depression should do is seek help.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My bed is the best part of my home, where I go to find 1 after a long stressful day. However, lately, I get 2 just looking at it. I can't fall asleep. I'm a 3 of insomnia(失眠).
I'm not 4 : studies show more than one in three people worldwide 5 insomnia. Some people can get to sleep on time, but 6 much too early; others get a full-night sleep but still feel very 7 when they wake up. And then there are people like me, ordinary insomniacs who toss and turn all night.
Insomnia is a side effect of 8 . To find the cure, doctors first find out the 9 by keeping a "sleep diary", in which you 10 your sleep habits. The 11 may indicate lifestyle patterns, which are causing your problem. A specialist in sleep disorders writes, "a good sleep diary can 12 allow the patients to 'cure themselves'."
A good night's sleep is created during the day. 13 in the beginning of the day, and stay away from caffeine in the afternoon. After dark, dim the lights and try to 14 stress. Our bodies like 15 patterns. If you can't fall asleep, try listening to soft music. You'll most likely be asleep.
1. A. courage B. relaxation C. decision D. wisdom
2. A. confident B. skeptical C. nervous D. curious
3. A. victim B. specialist C. recorder D. witness
4. A. sad B. alone C. pleased D. afraid
5. A. refers to B. adapts to C. benefits from D. suffers from
6. A. get up B. look up C. wake up D. turn up
7. A. exhausted B. concerned C. embarrassed D. frightened
8. A. entertainment B. anxiety C. hesitation D. loneliness
9. A. approach B. data C. symptom D. cause
10. A. develop B. record C. break D. change
11. A. effect B. cure C. doctor D. diary
12. A. seldom B. rarely C. often D. occasionally
13. A. Sleep B. Work C. Read D. Exercise
14. A. experience B. accumulate C. reduce D. inspire
15. A. consistent B. various C. normal D. irregular
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese researchers have ①_________(successful) grown and harvested rice in the deserts of Dubai after developing a strain (品种) which ②_________ (allow) the crop to grow in salt water.
A team of scientists, ③_________ (lead) by China's "Father of Hybrid Rice", Yuan Longping, have already started growing the crop in dilute(稀释的) seawater at home and are now bringing the technique to the Middle East.
The big harvest of rice last year in the suburbs of Dubai far exceeded scientists, expectations, according to a report by Xinhua News Agency. The high output—7,500 kilograms per hectare compared with the ④_________ (globe) average of 3,000 kilograms per hectare—has encouraged scientists to expand the project. They ⑤_________ (plan) to set up a 100-hectare experimental farm in Dubai later last year. They will put it into regular use this year and then start expanding after 2020.
The Dubai project is cooperation between China's Sea Rice Research and Development Center with the Private Office of Sheikh Saeed Bin Ahmed Al Maktoum. The two parties have signed an ⑥_________ (agree) to promote seawater rice across the area to reduce the risk of food shortages in the future.
While scientists in some countries ⑦_________ water shortages are a serious concern have been developing desalination (脱盐) techniques to change seawater for use in agriculture, China has been working ⑧_________ (develop)strains of salt-tolerant rice for the past four decades.
Although ⑨_________ is not yet clear how the Dubai project will be able to secure enough fresh water to dilute seawater ⑩_________ large-scale rice planting, Chinese scientists have already started growing it closer to home on a commercial scale.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是某杂志健康栏目的主持人Mr. Helper,人们经常写信询问健康之道,请你写一封回信,指出健康的重要性,并针对"如何保持健康"给出自己的建议。信的内容需包含以下信息:
1. 健康的重要性;
2. 给出保持健康的方法,如:科学饮食,多吃水果和蔬菜,保持饮食平衡;避免高糖、高脂的食物; 摒弃不良习惯;多锻炼等。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3. 信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear readers,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Mr. Helper
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I was a taxi driver, a father of a 16-year-old boy at that time. My son was good at school, and he would graduate from senior high school and go to university, but he was hesitating to choose his future job and he always changed his mind. I did give him advice but he didn't follow it. And one Monday morning, I stopped at New York Hospital when I found a well-dressed man coming over. He was waving to me. I waited patiently until he jumped into the taxi. "LaGuardia Airport, please." He said.
As always, I wondered about my passenger. So I asked, "What do you do " "I am working at the hospital." For some unknown reason, I decided to ask for his help.
"Could I ask a favor " He didn't answer at first. But I continued, "I have a son, 16. He's doing well in school. He will graduate from senior high school. He wants a job this summer. Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job " After a minute, he said, "The medical students have a research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school records." He searched his pocket and handed me a card.
That evening, when I got home, I pulled the card from my pocket. "Robbie," I said proudly, "This could be a summer job for you. Send him your school records." Robbie took the card and read it out loudly, "Fred Plum, New York Hospital." "Is this a joke " he said in doubt. After I shouted and threatened to cut off his pocket money, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, the whole family waited for me excitedly.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Robbie got the job and did well at the hospital. _____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CDA
解析：1.段落大意题。根据第一段第三句以及第四句中的"for products that harm us"可知，减肥产品到处都是，人们往往会被误导而受到伤害。显然本段内容关键点在“产品、上当受骗”，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知，减肥产品阻碍我们的大脑承认体重问题实际上不在于减重，而在于控制消耗高脂肪、高热量、不健康的食品。也就是说，减肥产品引导人们注重体重而不是饮食。故选D。
3.意图推断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，我们应警惕减肥产品给我们带来的副作用。故选A。
B
答案：1-4 CDAB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段，根据该段中的"But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触)with the ground at all times"可知，竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直，同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知，竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则，故C项正确。
2.考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers"可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤,如跑步者的膝盖(受伤)，在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知，竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤，故D项正确。
3.考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique" 可知，Norberg博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询下教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技巧，故A项正确。
4.考查观点态度。根据全文内容可知，作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些危害，态度是客观的，故B项正确。
C
答案：1-4 DBDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: 'Thanks for not using real apes!' "可知， 动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。
2.段落大意题。通读第二段可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。
3.词义猜测题。根据第三段画线前的句子"One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment"以及下文"Already, a number of films, including 'Water for Elephants,' 'The Hangover Part Ⅱ' and 'Zookeeper,' have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly."可知，该非营利性组织旨在监督电影娱乐业对待动物的方式。由此判断出，画线短语与monitor(监督)意义最为接近，意为"密切关注"。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇； 令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。
D
答案：1-4 CDAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句"In this article, she shares her experience as a child who was a picky eater. She provides some useful views for parents who have children that are very picky about what foods they will eat. "可知，她在这篇文章中向有挑食的孩子的父母分享了一些方法。故选C。 选项A“为帮助孩子们吃得健康她写了一本书”与文章内容不符；选项B“她给《纽约时报》写的文章是在冬天写的”与第二段第一句中的 wrote an article...in August 2015 信息相悖；选项D“她挑食的经历一度使她的父母很恼火”文中没有出现此信息。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句"The command to 'clean your plate' can end up teaching children that it is normal to continue eating after their stomach is full. This habit may continue into adulthood, and can lead to overweight bodies or food disorders."可知，“清空盘子”的指令最终可能会教导孩子们在他们的肚子饱了之后继续吃东西，这种习惯或许会延续到成年，并可能导致身体超重或饮食失调，这是一种坏的饮食习惯。故选D。选项A“根本不起作用”；选项 B“导致孩子胃疼”；选项C“以孩子们厌恶吃东西而结束”。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句"One very simple method is to offer your children a small amount of newly introduced food. A large amount can seem intimidating. One or two bites might feel less 'scary' to try."可知，父母想让孩子尝试一种新食物时，应该给他们一次提供较少的分量。故选 A。选项B"给他们所有的食物"；选项C“告诉他们这里面的成分”；选项D“减少这里面糖的含量”。
4.细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“One way to be a healthier eater is to reduce the amount of sugar a person eats." 可知，成为一个更健康的饮食者的一个方法是减少一个人吃的糖的量。故选D。选项A"让他吃光所有的食物”；选项B “只吃有机食品”；选项C“购买加工过的食品”。
第二节
答案：GCEAB
解析：在日常生活中我们难免会感到抑郁，因此掌握一些自然应对抑郁的方法非常有必要。
①根据第二段的主旨句"Try therapy"与空后的"There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that"可知，此处讲的是要寻求帮助。故选G。
②空前讲到对抗压力荷尔蒙最好的方法就是吃健康的、能改善情绪的食物,空后也是在讲健康的食物的积极作用，故C项"这是一个经过科学证明的事实"符合语境。
③由主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是睡眠问题。由下文中的"Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression"可知，E项"你的抑郁可能从睡眠不足开始"符合语境，与下文相呼应。故选E。
④根据空后的"Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutes"和"Going out for a walk is a good workout for your body"可知，本段建议出去散步。故选A。
⑤根据空后所讲的散步的好处可知，B项引出下文。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 BCABD 6-10 CABDB 11-15 DCDCA
解析：1.句意：我的床是我家里最好的地方，在漫长而紧张的一天结束后，我会去那里放松(relaxation)一下。courage勇气； decision决定； wisdom智慧。由after a long stressful day可知，作者去床上是为了放松。故选B项。
2.句意：不过，最近我一看见它就紧张(nervous)。confident自信的； skeptical怀疑的; curious好奇的。结合后文“I can't fall asleep.”可知，作者睡不着，所以一看见床就紧张。故选C项。
3.句意：我睡不着，我是失眠的受害者(victim)。specialist专家； recorder记录员； witness证人。
4.句意：我不孤单(alone):研究显示全世界超过三分之一的人患有失眠。sad悲伤的； pleased高兴的； afraid害怕的。
5.suffer from insomnia遭受失眠之苦。refer to 参考； adapt to适应； benefit from受益于。
6.句意：有些人可以按时睡觉，但醒(wake up)得太早；另一些人睡了一整晚，但醒来时仍然感到非常疲惫。get up起床； lookup查找； turn up出现。
7.句意：……另一些人睡了一整晚，但醒来时仍然感到非常疲惫 (exhausted).concerned担心的; embarrassed尴尬的； frightened害怕的.。
8.句意：失眠是焦虑(anxiety)的副作用。entertainment娱乐； hesitation犹豫； loneliness孤独。结合句意及常识可知，失眠可能是由焦虑造成的。故选B项。
9.句意：为了找到治疗方法，医生们首先要通过记录你的睡眠习惯的睡眠日记来找出病因(cause)。approach方法； data数据； symptom症状。
10.结合上文 keeping a “sleep diary”可知，需要记录(record)下你的睡眠习惯。develop发展; break打破； change改变。
11.句意：日记(diary)可以展示你的生活方式，这可能是造成你的问题的原因。effect效果； cure治疗； doctor医生。结合前文的sleep diary可知，此处是指睡眠日记。故选D项。
12.句意：睡眠障碍专家写道，“好的睡眠日记常常(often)能让病人自我治愈。” seldom很少； rarely罕有；occasionally偶尔。
13.句意：早上要锻炼(exercise)，下午要远离咖啡因。sleep睡觉； work工作； read阅读。结合前文中的“A good night's sleep is created during the day.”可知，要在早上进行锻炼。故选D项。
14.句意：天黑后，把灯调暗，尽量减轻(reduce)压力。experience经历; accumulate积累；inspire激励。
15.句意：我们的身体喜欢始终如一的(consistent)模式。various多样的； normal正常的； irregular不规则的。
第二节
答案：successfully; allows; led; global; planned; agreement; where; to develop; it; for
解析：中国的研究人员在迪拜已成功种植并收获了一种用海水种植的水稻。
①修饰动词用副词，根据空后的"grown and harvested"可知，此处应用副词successfully。
②根据语境可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故应用一般现在时；空前的which引导的是定语从句，which在从句中做主语,指代先行词"a strain"，为第三人称单数，故填allows。
③分析句子结构可知，动词lead和其逻辑主语"A team of scientists"之间为动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词短语做后置定语。
④根据空前的the和空后的average可知，此处应用形容词global做名词average的定语。
⑤根据本句中的"later last year"可知，此处应用一般过去时，表示发生在过去的动作。
⑥根据语境以及空前的an可知此处应用agree的名词形式agreement。
⑦分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词countries，关系词在从句中做地点状语，所以此处应用where来引导该从句。
⑧根据语境可知，过去四十年，中国一直致力于开发抗盐的水稻，此处表示目的，故填to develop。
⑨分析句子结构可知，此处应用it做形式主语，how引导的从句做真正的主语。
⑩根据语境可知，此处表示稀释海水是为了大规模种植水稻，故用介词for(为了)。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear readers,
It goes without saying that no pleasure can be tasted by a man without health. Health is far more important than anything else. Good health enables us to enjoy our life and achieve what we hope or in our career.
How can we keep healthy Here are some suggestions for you to follow.
To begin with, we should develop good habits. We should avoid food with lots of sugar and fat. What's more, we have to get rid of those habits that damage our health, such as drinking and smoking. Last but not least, we'd better exercise every day to make our bodies strong. Proper diet and enough exercise do good to our health.
If we follow the advice given above, we will lead a healthy life.
Yours sincerely,
Mr. Helper
第二节
答案：
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, the whole family waited for me excitedly. Extremely proud, my son handed me a letter from Plum, telling him he was accepted by the project. As it turns out, he sent his school records to the hospital the next day after I gave him the card. And he got a phone from Plum's secretary for an interview. He was concerned about the result, as a result of which, he didn't tell the family what had happened.
Robbie got the job and did well at the hospital. In fact, Robbie did so well that Plum phoned me, singing high praise for him. When the summer job ended, he made up his mind to be a doctor. With a clear aim in his mind, Robbie worked even harder. Eventually, he was admitted to New York Medical College. Much to my amazement, a stranger should change my son's future.第一周—2022-2023学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册、选择性必修第四册每周一测
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami(折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.)
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12.(American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212 - 719 -1300.)
1.What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about
A.A type of art. B.A teenager's studio.
C.A great teacher. D.A group of animals.
2.Who is the director of The Audience
A.Helen Mirren. B.Peter Morgan.
C.Dylan Baker. D.Stephen Daldry.
3.Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history
A.Animals Out of Paper. B.The Audience.
C.Hamilton. D.On the Twentieth Century.
B
Like many children, young Lotte Reiniger was crazy about movies, which at the time were a completely new invention. She taught herself how to cut paper silhouettes (剪影), of people, animals, and objects. "I could cut silhouettes almost as soon as I could manage to hold a pair of scissors," Reiniger said. "I could paint, too, and read... But everybody was surprised at the scissor cuts."
At first, Reiniger wanted to be an actress, but her skill at making silhouettes drew the attention of the German film industry. Before 1927, films were silent. To help the audience understand the film, title cards with printed text appeared during the film between scenes. Reiniger helped create title cards for films, using her silhouettes. In 1918, she was asked to provide stop-motion animation(定格动画), in which objects are photographed (拍摄) in a series of slightly different positions and then replayed at high speed so that the objects appear to move on their own. It was for wooden rats(老鼠) in the movie The Pied Piper of Hamelin. It was a breakthrough that led to her own films, first short films and then, in 1926, The Adventures of Prince Achmed, the first full-length animated film.
Although Reiniger once described herself as "a primitive(原始的) caveman artist", her work is not simple. She carefully cut bits of card, paper, and wire, creating wonderful shapes, and then made them move and dance by hands. The black shapes were then placed on colorful backgrounds. She made more than 60 films, around 40 of which still survive, all cut by her own hands. Most were based on timeless fairy tales, like Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty.
Reiniger was truly a pioneer both in animation and for women in film-making. Though her last film came out in 1980,her style is still influential and can often be seen in today's films.
1.What do we know about Reiniger's cuts
A.Paper silhouettes were her favorite. B.Painting and reading helped her cuts.
C.She had a gift for cutting silhouettes. D.Movies excited her interest in silhouettes.
2.What did Reiniger do to help the audience understand the silent films
A.She replayed the film between scenes.
B.She cut silhouettes for title cards in films.
C.She broke up long films into shorter ones.
D.She made photos of the objects in the film.
3.What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Creating title cards for films.
B.Making wooden rats for a film.
C.Producing The Adventures of Prince Achmed.
D.Bringing stop-motion animation into a film.
4.Which of the following words can best describe Reiniger
A.Gifted and generous. B.Creative and productive.
C.Honest and self-confident. D.Traditional and hard-working.
C
The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local conditions, economic conditions for example. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries. History has witnessed the endless production of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert hall, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries. Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries in the future.
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because "the general principles of tastes are uniform(— 致的) in human nature," the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after 2,000 years. Works of this type, he believed, represented deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.
1.According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism
A.It introduces different cultural values.
B.It relates artistic values to local conditions.
C.It explains the history of artistic works in detail.
D.It excites the human mind throughout the world.
2.What does the author intend to show by mentioning the artists in Paragraph 2
A.The charm of great art is universal and lasting.
B.Popular art is hardly different from great art.
C.Great artists are skilled at combing various cultures.
D.Great art refers to works of popular arts in the beginning.
3.According to Hume, what's the reason that some works of art can exist for centuries
A.They are results of scientific study.
B.They establish general principles of art.
C.They are created by the world's greatest artists.
D.They reflect unchanging features of human nature.
4.Which of the following serves as the best title of the passage
A.Is Popular Art Universal B.Is Human Nature Uniform
C.Is Great Art Permanent D.Is Cultural Relativism Scientific
D
The term "graffiti" is an Italian word meaning scratching or scribbling(乱涂). It entered the English language in the 1850s, specifically to describe the casual wall writing that experts found in Pompeii and the Roman tombs. Originally a term used only in ancient scribbling, the word has undergone considerable expansion of meaning in the past 75 years so that it now refers to any written message on a wall. Graffiti are characterized by their casualness; if they were more formal, they would be known as inscriptions(铭文).
The first piece of graffiti was found on one of the walls of the city Pompeii, which was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. It was one of 1, 600 pieces of graffiti uncovered in Pompeii during a dig in the 19th century. Not surprisingly, there is much evidence of graffiti writing on the pyramid and temples of ancient Egypt. It is likely that ever since people have had walls and materials to scratch or paint with, they have been engaged in this simplest form of communication.
The writing of graffiti gives people a unique opportunity to achieve some kind of public audience. Thus short poems, declarations of love, political and revolutionary polemics(论战), and criticisms of institutions and people form a significant part of graffiti.
Apart from its usefulness in terms of self-expression, graffiti is also a valuable source for historians. There is always the possibility that historical events may be recorded by the presence of graffiti. Perhaps the most interesting example of this is the graffiti relating to the gladiatorial(角斗士的) contests held in Pompeii. Graffiti can also give us a unique view into the daily life and customs of a people, for its casual expression encourages the recording of details that more formal writing would tend to ignore.
In the late 1970s, graffiti became popular. A thought written on a toilet wall in Wolverhampton can now be read in Chicago or Adelaide. In its own way, this is probably the most fascinating example of McLuhan's concept of "the global village". We now have a worldwide toilet wall.
1. What can be inferred from the second paragraph
A. Graffiti has a long history.
B. Graffiti is an attractive form of art.
C. Graffiti made the ancient city Pompeii famous.
D. Graffiti was ancient Egyptian's main way of communication.
2. What does the third and fourth paragraphs mainly tell us
A. Graffiti's great value.
B. Graffiti's features.
C. Graffiti's way of expression.
D. Graffiti's connection with people's daily life.
3. Why is the graffiti relating to the gladiatorial contests mentioned in the passage
A. To prove graffiti can show people's customs.
B. To prove graffiti can provide valuable historical evidence.
C. To prove graffiti is mainly used to record important events.
D. To prove graffiti can provide more detailed information than formal writing.
4. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply
A. The presence of graffiti makes the world closely connected.
B. The concept of "the global village" is famous worldwide.
C. Graffiti has become very popular all over the world.
D. People like using toilet walls to share their graffiti.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Jane Eyre was published in 1847. It is not just a romance novel, but an educational story. Women can learn so much from this great Victorian heroine. This is not to suggest that Jane doesn't have shortcomings. ①_____
You can overcome your past, however bad it is. Jane Eyre is made miserable as a child by her horrible relatives. ②_____ He constantly reminds her that she's an orphan(孤儿). But she learns a lot about letting go when she is sent to a boarding school and makes friends with Helen.
③_____ Jane notes, "The world was a varied field of hopes and excitements waiting for those who had the courage to go forth." If Jane hadn't been brave, she might have returned to the cruel woman who raised her.
Don't be afraid to express your mind. She is not scared to voice her opinions when necessary. It is much better to talk about things than to hide unspoken anger. ④_____
Be positive. When Jane is younger, she has a tendency to feel sorry for herself. ⑤_____ But as she gets older, she learns to be happy despite her past.
A.Her life is miserable.
B.You can decide your life.
C.Her cousin, John, is the worst.
D.Talking helps heal relationships as well.
E.The possibilities for life are endless for those who take risks.
F.Still, there's much to be learnt from the way she chooses to live.
G.It is weak and silly to say you cannot bear what it is your fate to be required to bear.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lehrner always wanted to design roller coasters. Even as a kid, though, she knew that there had to be more to it than just hopping on board. "I started 1 how I would prepare." she said. She looked at science and math and took classes in algebra and geometry in middle school and high school. Then she took an even more 2 math course and a high-level physics course.
She also 3 theme parks as often as she could and researched the 4 of those roller coasters online. When it was time for college, she went to the Colorado School of Mines, where she 5 a Bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.
Now Lehrner works with amusement parks to design and 6 new roller coasters. Those new roller coasters they designed are 7 made of wood, except for a metal 8 on which the cars run. The basic design has been around for more than a century. Still, Lehrner notes each new one is different. "A lot of the same components and concepts are used when I design new roller coasters. But they would 9 with the terrain (地势) and design. That tells us what the limits will be—how tight the bends and how 10 the hills are."
Some theme parks 11 their roller coasters to be as scary as possible. That means a big 12 and quick turns and lots of inversions. Lehrner is 13 at making twisted wood roller coasters.
The roller coasters she 14 make you feel as if you were going faster than you really are, because the tracks are lower to the ground. "We also try to build rides that are fun for the whole 15 - children as well as their parents," she said.
1.A. thinking about B. going over C. writing down D. dreaming of
2.A. classical B. ancient C. practical D. advanced
3.A. visited B. created C. sponsored D. managed
4.A. parks B. makers C. themes D. players
5.A. made B. bought C. researched D. obtained
6.A. discover B. learn C. build D. purchase
7.A. largely B. hardly C. carefully D. possibly
8.A. cover B. road C. fence D. track
9.A. agree B. compare C. change D. deal
10.A. beautiful B. dangerous C. much D. high
11.A. want B. consider C. hate D. imagine
12.A. drop B. frame C. seat D. carriage
13.A. amazed B. expert C. pleased D. excited
14.A. rides B. enjoys C. designs D. studies
15.A. family B. community C. place D. society
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Harmony OS, the Chinese self-developed operating system for Huawei mobile devices, ①_____(release) on Aug 9, it quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country ②_____ a tech power, but also shows respect for classical Chinese culture by ③_____(name) the system "Hongmeng" in Chinese.
Besides "Hongmeng", Huawei has also registered many of its ④_____(product) under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese mythology. For example, the company's server chip is called "Kunpeng", a mythical creature ⑤_____ changed from a fish into a giant bird.
In fact, Huawei is not alone in using ⑥_____(tradition) culture for modern enterprises. Recently there is a film about the Chinese mythical figure Ne Zha. ⑦_____(base) on the well-known work of classical Chinese mythology The Investiture of the Gods, the film describes Ne Zha as a rebellious underdog, who has to overcome hardship and his dark fate to become a hero, ⑧_____(like) his attractive heroic character in previous cinematic works.
As Global Times put ⑨_____, "Ancient mythology has the power to stimulate contemporary imagination in young people". After all, imagination is ⑩ _____ beginning of creation.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Terry作为交换生在你们学校学习。得知下个星期六是他的生日,你们班准备为他办一场生日聚会。请你给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1. 聚会的时间和地点;
2. 聚会的内容;
3. 表达祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I saw her tonight she smiled and recognized me. I smiled back at her. She looked relaxed even though she was still busy doing her job. I had noticed her several times this last few months and she always looked so happy. Tonight when I talked with her I noticed her name tag. Her name is Pamela.
Pamela works at the express checkouts in a busy supermarket. She deals with problems when the self-service checkout experiences a problem (no price on product, machine problems, etc.). She monitors these checkouts and usually has hardly dealt with one complaint before another is created.
When I first talked to Pamela, I had called her to the checkout I was using. There wasn't any problem with the checkout though. My problem, that is to say, my concern was about Pamela. She looked tired and was under a lot of stress as she quickly moved from one checkout to the next. It's a bit of a fire-fighting job.
I told Pamela that she needed to slow down. I told her she wasn't getting paid enough to be working as hard as she was working. I told her that we, the customers, could wait and it was very bad for her health to be putting herself under such pressure. I told her that our expectations were not as hard as the ones she set for herself. Pamela told me she would slow down. I could tell she was touched that not only did I notice her stress but I chose to talk to her about it and was concerned for her health. I gently told her things had to change. I told her I would be looking out for her in future to see if she had taken my advice on board. She smiled and said, "I promise that I will next time."
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1 :
When I saw her she was still doing her job but there was such a difference. ______ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
I am proud of myself. _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.ADC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的"in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio"可知，它与一种艺术有关。
2.细节理解题。根据文章The Audience部分中的"Stephen Daldry directs"可知，The Audience的导演是Stephen Daldry，故D项正确。
3.细节理解题。根据文章Hamiltion部分中的"in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story"可知，该戏剧是和美国的诞生有关的，所以，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，就应该去看这出戏剧。
B
答案：1-4.CBDB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段的叙述可知,Reiniger几乎是从能握住剪刀开始就会剪影，从而可以推断出Reiniger具有剪影的天赋。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Reiniger helped create title cards for films, using her silhouettes."可知,Reiniger为电影中的字幕卡剪影来帮助观众理解无声电影。故选B。
3.代词指代题。根据画线词所在段落中的"In 1918, she was asked to provide stop-motion animation, in which... The Pied Piper of Hamelin."可知，It代指Reiniger把定格动画引进电影。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的"Reiniger helped create title cards for films, using her silhouettes."和倒数第二段中的"She made more than 60 films, around 40 of which still survive, all cut by her own hands."可推断出,Reiniger是一位具有创造力和多产的导演。故选B。
C
答案：1-4.BADC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，文化相对主义把艺术价值与当地状况联系起来。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文化相对主义把艺术价值与当地状况联系起来，这样的观点无法解释为何某些艺术作品在不同文化和几个世纪中都有着激发人类心灵的能力。而在第二段中出现的艺术家们就是为了说明这些至今还在全世界流行着的伟大艺术作品可以超越时间和国界，也是对上文观点的解释。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,Hume认为，一些艺术作品可以存在几个世纪是因为这种类型的作品反映了人性中深邃不变的特征。故选D。
4.标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了艺术价值是否不变这个问题。C项最能概括文章主旨。故选C。
D
答案：1-4 AABC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The first piece of graffiti was found on one of the walls of the city Pompeii, which was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD.(第一块涂鸦是在庞贝古城的一面墙上发现的，庞贝古城在公元79年的维苏威火山爆发中被摧毁）”可推知，涂鸦有很长的历史。故选A。
2.主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“The writing of graffiti gives people a unique opportunity to achieve some kind of public audience.(涂鸦的书写给了人们一个独特的机会去获得某种公共受众）”以及第四段第一句“Apart from its usefulness in terms of self-expression, graffiti is also a valuable source for historians.(除了它在自我表达方面的用途，涂鸦对历史学家来说也是一个有价值的来源）”可知，涂鸦有巨大价值，故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中“There is always the possibility that historical events may be recorded by the presence of graffiti. Perhaps the most interesting example of this is the graffiti relating to the gladiatorial contests held in Pompeii.(历史事件总是有可能被涂鸦的存在所记录。也许最有趣的例子是关于庞贝角斗士比赛的涂鸦）”可知，与角斗相关的涂鸦在文章中被提及，是为了证明涂鸦可以提供有价值的历史证据。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In its own way, this is probably the most fascinating example of McLuhan's concept of 'the global village'. We now have a worldwide toilet wall.(……这可能是麦克卢汉“地球村”概念中最引人入胜的例子，我们现在有一个全球性的厕所墙）”可知，最后一段加下划线的句子暗示涂鸦已在世界各地非常流行。故选C。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ FCEDA
解析： ①根据上文This is not to suggest that Jane doesn't have shortcomings.以及下文开始介绍一些可以学到的道理可知， 前后文为转折关系，故F项"我们仍然可以从她选择的生活方式中学到很多东西"符合语境。F项中的Still意为"仍然"，表转折关系。
②根据下文He constantly reminds her that she's an orphan.可知，本句应出现He所指代的人物。故C项"她的表哥约翰是最坏的"符合语境。
③根据下文Jane notes, "The world was a varied field of hopes and excitement waiting for those who had the courage to go forth."(简指出： "世界是一个充满希望和令人兴奋的事物的多变的地方， 等待着那些有勇气向前的人去探索。")可知，对于那些冒险的人来说，生活的可能性是无穷无尽的。故选E项。
④根据上文It is much better to talk about things than to hide unspoken anger.(把事情说出来比把愤怒隐藏而不说要好得多。)可知，说出自己的所想很重要。故D项"谈话也有助于治愈关系"承接上文。故选D项。
⑤根据设空处前一句When Jane is younger, she has a tendency to feel sorry for herself.可知， 简小的时候自怨自艾，A项"她的生活悲惨"承接上文， 且与下文But后的内容构成转折，符合语境。故选A项。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ADABD 6-10 CADCD 11-15 AABCA
解析：1.根据下文中的She looked at science and math...可知，为了将来能够设计过山车，她仔细研究科学和数学。由此可知她从小就开始考虑如何为设计过山车做准备。think about意为"思考"，符合题意。go over复习；write down写下；dream of梦想。
2.之后，她学习了更高级的(advanced)数学课程和更高层次的物理课程。classical经典的；ancient古代的；practical实践的。根据even more表达的语气及语境可知，此处指更高级的数学。
3.为了研究过山车，她还尽可能多地参观(visit)主题公园，并在网上调查那些过山车的制造者。create创造；sponsor赞助；manage管理。
4.她还尽可能多地参观主题公园，并在网上调查那些过山车的制造者(maker)。
5.在那里她获得了机械工程学士学位。obtain a degree相当于get a degree，意为"获得学位"。
6.结合语境可知，现在，Lehrner与游乐园合作设计和建造(build)新的过山车，discover发现；learn学习；purchase购买。
7.他们设计的那些新型过山车大部分(largely)是木制的，除了过山车行驶的金属轨道。hardly几乎不；carefully仔细地；possibly可能地。根据后文中的except for a metal...可知，此处指过山车大部分是用木头建造的。
8.结合上一题，再由下文中的on which the cars run可知，此处指金属制造的铁轨，需用track。cover封面；road道路；fence栅栏。
9.根据上文可知，Lehrner使用了很多和之前的相同的组件和概念，但她说这些东西会随着地形和设计的变化而变化。故用change，选C。
10.根据上文和常识可知，Lehrner他们设计的过山车随着地形和设计的变化而变化，地势的不同让我们知道过山车的弯道应有多密集，斜坡应有多高(high)。此处指斜坡的高度。
11.根据下文中的That means a big 12 and quick turns and lots of inversions.可知，一些主题公园想要(want)他们的过山车尽可能地吓人。
12.那意味着大的落差(drop)、快速转弯和大量的倒转。根据常识可知，要想让过山车刺激，落差要大，转弯要快，倒转要多。
13.此处指Lehrner很擅长制造木质过山车，be expert at...意为"擅长……"。amazed惊讶的；pleased高兴的，满意的；excited兴奋的。
14.结合语境可知，此处指她设计(design)的过山车会让你觉得自己的速度比实际要快。
15. 根据空后的children as well as their parents可知，此处应指为全家（孩子和他们的父母）建造有趣的过山车。family家庭；community社区；place地点；society社会。
第二节
答案：①was released ②as ③naming ④products ⑤that/which ⑥traditional ⑦Based ⑧unlike ⑨it ⑩the
解析：①由主句谓语动词became可知，When引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时，主语HarmonyOS与release之间为被动关系， 且主语是第三人称单数，故填was released。
②句意为：许多人都认为，该操作系统不仅象征着中国作为科技强国的崛起， 而把该系统命名为"鸿蒙"更是向中华古典文化致敬。科技强国表示中国的身份，所以应填介词as，意为"作为"。故填as。
③by为介词， 后接动词时应用其动名词形式。故填naming。
④product为可数名词， 前面有many修饰， 所以应用复数形式。故填products。
⑤分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语， a mythical creature为先行词，指物，故填that/which。
⑥culture为名词， 应由形容词来修饰。故填traditional。
⑦be based on为固定搭配，意为"以......为基础； 基于......"，此处为过去分词短语作状语， 省略了be动词。故填Based。
⑧句意为： ......和在先前电影作品中吸引人的英雄形象不同， 哪吒在这部电影中被描绘成一个叛逆的弱者，不得不历经种种艰险，不惧坎坷宿命， 最终才成了一位英雄。根据句意可知，此处表示"和......不同"。故填unlike。
⑨as...put it为固定用法，意为"正如......所说"， 故填it。
⑩此处特指"创作的开始"，所以应用定冠词the。故填the。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Terry,
We are very pleased to know your birthday is approaching and we'd like to hold a birthday party for you. The detailed information is as follows.
The party will be held in our classroom at 7:30 pm next Saturday, which is well planned. All classmates and at least three teachers will take part in it. At the party, our monitor will make a short speech, and then we will have some delicious snacks, singing, dancing and playing games following. We have also chosen some small gifts for you.
I am sure you will have a great time. We sincerely hope you'll have a happy birthday.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
When I saw her she was still doing her job but there was such a difference. I praised the new her. Pamela said that other customers would have to wait for their turn while she dealt with another customer. She told me the change had significantly improved her health. She added that she's also shared what I said with her colleagues. As I walked away from Pamela my heart was lightened. She has taken my advice on board and tried to slow down her working pace. A day's work means just that. It doesn't mean that one should put two days' work into one day.
Paragraph 2:
I am proud of myself. Not only have I caused Pamela to reflect on the pressure she was putting herself under, but also she has encouraged her colleagues in the supermarket to do the same in turn. I really feel very happy and satisfied for my concern and act of kindness do make a difference to those in need. It's just a simple act of love that costs no money. So my friends, our kindness doesn't have to be material, but just loving. Bless you all for all you do for others.
