人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Words and Expressions课件(共131张PPT)

(共131张PPT)
Words and Expressions
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
词汇
By the end of this class, you will be able to:
grasp the key words and expressions of this unit.
learn how to change the forms of words in the sentences.
enlarge vocabulary by roots and affixes.
learn to build more vocabulary and form a positive attitude towards environmental protection.
Learning Objectives
Reading and Thinking
阅读
原句
P26. What are the consequence of high green house emissions
高温室气体排放的后果是什么
词义选择
emission * n. 排放物；散发物；排放
gas, etc. that is sent out into the air
the production or sending out of light, heat, gas, etc.
词汇记忆
例句
emission * n. 排放物；散发物；排放
词根 e = ex = out 出 exit n. 出口，v. 退出； export v. 出口
词根 miss = mis = send, let go 送，放出； mission n. 使命，使节团
ion 词缀构成名词 permission n. 许可 ；commission n. 委员会，授权
Industrialized countries must reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
工业化国家必须减少二氧化碳的排放。
巩固练习
emission * n. 排放物；散发物；排放
That prevented the __________ (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. (2018·全国 II卷)这阻止了5180万吨二氧化碳的排放。
But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to ______ less carbon pollution．
但最明智的适应方式肯定是通过调整能源系统来减少碳污染。(2017 江苏卷)
emission
emit
词汇记忆
原句
position n. 位置
P26. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它尸体的位置看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。
词根 pos/posit = to place, to put 放 deposit v. 存储；n. 定金
propose v. 建议；提出
词缀 ion 构成名词表动作或状态 action n. 行动
connection n. 联系
Adjusting to an upright __________ was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. (2019 高考江苏卷）调整到直立的姿势是一个相当大的挑战，尤其是当骨骼必须支撑一个超大的头骨时。
巩固练习
position
position n. 位置
词汇记忆
原句
alarming adj. 令人惊慌的；令人担心的
P26. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了怎样的影响。
alarming: causing worry and fear
alarmed: anxious or afraid that sth. dangerous or unpleasant
might happen
巩固练习
He sets the _____________ clock for 6:30 a.m..
他把闹钟定在六点半。
The disease is spreading at an____________ rate.
这种疾病正以惊人的速度传播开来。
She was at the prospect of travelling alone.
她一想到独自出行就害怕。
alarming adj. 令人惊慌的；令人担心的
alarm
alarming
alarmed
原句
词义选择
ecology n. 生态；生态学
P26. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了怎样的影响。
the pattern and balance of relationships between plants, animals, people, and the environment in that place
the study of the relationships between plants, animals, people, and their environment, and the balances between these relationships
词汇记忆
例句
ecology n. 生态；生态学
词根eco = house 表家，引申为环境 economy n. 经济
词缀logy/ology = the study of 表......学，研究 biology n. 生物学
He warned of the serious threat to global ecology which is going unheeded.
他警告说，全球生态正面临着严重的威胁，而这种威胁并没有得到重视。
巩固练习
ecology n. 生态；生态学
Large dams harmed the ___________ (ecology) balance in the area.
大型水坝破坏了这个地区的生态平衡。
The growing population has become a great threat to the ___________ of our planet.
不断增长的人口数量对地球的生态系统造成了威胁。
ecology
ecological
mention v. 提到；说到 n. 提及；说起
词汇记忆
词根 ment = think, mind 思考,心智 mental adj. 精神的; comment v. 评论
词缀 ion 构成名词，表行为 invention n. 发明; protection n. 保护
原句
P26.Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the "greenhouse effect", which has two common meanings: the "natural" greenhouse effect and the "man-made" greenhouse effect.
气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个普遍的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。
mention v. 提到；说到 n. 提及；说起
He looked distinctly uncomfortable when the subject _______________.
提到这个话题，他显然局促不安起来。
巩固练习
was mentioned
词汇记忆
原句
P27.The "natural" greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation.
词根 nat = born 出生，天生 native adj. 本地的
词缀 al 构成形容词 表“属性, 倾向，相关” personal adj. 个人的
natural v. 自然的；天生的
“自然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面升温。
We nee We need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
natural v. 自然的；天生的
We need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks. (2019高考北京卷)
我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
nature
词汇记忆
原句
radiation n. 辐射
P27.The "natural" greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation.
“自然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球表面升温。
词根 radi = ray 光线，射线 radio n. 无线电广播，收音机
词缀 ation 构成名词表行为 invitation n. 邀请；starvation n. 挨饿
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
Ozone is the earth's barrier against ultra-violet ___________.
臭氧是地球防止紫外线辐射的屏障。
radiation n. 辐射
radiation
词汇记忆
原句
release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布
P27. The heat is released back into space at longer wave length.
热量以更长的波长释放回太空。
to make sth. available to the public
to let sb./e out of a place where they have been kept or trapped
to let a gas, chemical, etc. come out of the container where it has been safely held
词汇记忆
例句
词缀 re 重新 recover v. 康复
词根 lax, leas = loose 松 relax v. 使放松
词根 e = ex = out 出 exit n. 出口; v. 退出
The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis. （2020高考江苏卷）
国务院发布了《关于持续开展新冠肺炎防治工作的指导意见》。
release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布
巩固练习
The new software is planned for ___________ in April.
新软件计划在四月份发行。
After being questioned by the police, she _______________ without charge.
她被警察传讯后无罪释放。
release
was released
release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布
词汇记忆
原句
P27.The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.
热量以更长的波长释放回太空。
length n. 长；长度
词根 leng = long 长 prolong v. 延长; longitude n. 经度
词缀 th 构成抽象名词 表性质,状态 width n. 宽度；depth n. 深度
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
long
We've come a _______ way since the early days of the project.
这项目开始以来我们已取得很大进展。
At _______ my father went into the house.
我父亲最后还是进了屋。
length n. 长；长度
length
原句
P27. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.
没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。
sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住
词义选择
to experience sth. bad
to make sth. continue for some time without becoming less
to provide enough of what sb./sth. needs in order to live or exist
例句
词汇记忆
词缀 sus- 下, 后 suspend v. 悬挂
词根 tain, ten, tin = to hold 拿住 obtain v. 获得
sustainable adj. 可持续性的
sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住
Here are five way to sustain long-distance friendships.
这里有五种维持远距离友谊的方法。 (2022全国乙卷）
sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住
巩固练习
sustainable
The _____________ success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry.
不过,如果小农户的产业不发生根本性变化,他们就不会取得可持续的成功。(2018 江苏高考卷)
I am _____________ by letters of support and what people say to me in ordinary daily life.
这些支持的信件和人们每天对我的鼓励一直支撑着我。
was sustained
bear v. 忍受,忍耐 普通用词，指忍受饥饿、寒冷、疼痛、不幸、困难、侮辱等，多强调忍受者的勇敢和坚毅。
A strong man will bear hardship without complaining.
一个坚强的人会忍受困苦而不抱怨。
stand 作“经受”解时，常与 could 或 can 连用，指某人或某物经得起伤害等；作“忍受”解时，主要指对某人、某种困难情况的忍受或承受，通常用于疑问句和否定句中，常可与 bear 换用。
How can you stand/bear that noise 你怎么能忍受那种噪音呢
辨析
sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住
bear; stand; endure; sustain; tolerate
endure v. [正式] 强调长期性，主要指对灾难、困难、疼痛等长时间地忍受而不抱怨。
She longs for a love that can endure all things.
她渴望一份能经受住一切考验的爱情。
sustain v. [正式] 遭受，经受 指受到损害、创伤或金钱方面的损失。
Two soldiers from his squad sustained serious injuries.
他队中的两名士兵受了重伤。
辨析
sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住
bear; endure; stand;sustain; tolerate
sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住
tolerate v.忍受，容忍 指以克制的态度容忍令人反感或厌恶的事物，含默认、宽容之意。
This is more than she can tolerate. 这是她所无法忍受的。
辨析
bear; endure; stand; sustain; tolerate
原句
英文释义
comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
P27. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
有力且全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还致人丧命。
including all, or almost all, the items, details, facts, information, etc., that may be concerned
词汇记忆
例句
词根com = together 一起，共同 company n. 公司；陪伴
词根 prehend, prehens = to seize 抓 apprehend v. 逮捕
词缀ive 构成形容词 expensive adj. 昂贵的
active adj. 活跃的
The police officer decided to conduct a through and comprehensive review of this case. (2015 江苏卷)
警察决定对这个案件进行彻底和全面的审查。
comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
巩固练习
His ________________surveys have provided the most explicit statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
(2021高考江苏卷)他的全面调查提供了最明确的数据收集方式和依据。
comprehensive
comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
词汇记忆
原句
P27. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
有力且全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还致人丧命。
evidence n. 证据；证明
vid = see 看 video n. 视频
ence 构成名词表性质，状态 difference n. 区别 existence n.存在
巩固练习
It was that she was lying about her age.
很显然她没有说真实的年龄。
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was supported as _________ that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. (2022全国乙卷)
长期以来，这种无效的躲藏方法足以证明儿童以 “自我中心” 的心理发展特征。
evidence
evident
evidence n. 证据；证明
原句
P27. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.
事实上，新闻报道经常播送造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。
frequently adv. 频繁地；经常
例句
Buses run frequently between the city and the airport.
公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。
词汇记忆
词根 frequ = regular, repeated
frequenter n. 常客
frequency n. 频率
frequent adj. 频繁的，经常发生的
巩固练习
She gives _________ performances of her work, both at home and abroad.
她经常在国内外演出自己的作品。
frequent
frequently adv. 频繁地；经常
词汇记忆
原句
economic n. 经济上的；经济学的
P27.In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.
事实上，新闻报道经常播送造成死亡和经济损失的极端暴雨和热浪。
词根 eco = house 表家,引申为环境 economy n. 经济
词根 nom = law, part 法则,部分 autonomy n. 自治
词缀 ic 构成形容词 basic adj. 基本的; scenic adj. 自然景色的
归纳
economic connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society
economical spending money or using something in a careful way that avoids waste
economy n.
economic n. 经济上的；经济学的
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
In that case, it is both convenient and ____________ to buy books according to the ratings. (2021江苏高考)
在这种情况下，根据评级购买书籍既方便又经济。
Consider that most famous __________ rule of all：there's no such thing as a free lunch. (2014江苏高考)
想想最著名的经济法则：没有免费的午餐。
economical
economic
economic n. 经济上的；经济学的
同类巩固
historic so important that it is likely to be remembered
historical connected with the past or with the study of history, or something that really happened in the past
history n.
historic；historical
巩固练习
May 4, 1919 is a ________ day.
1919年5月4日是具有历史意义的一天。
It is a _________ novel about nineteenth-century France.
这是一部有关19世纪法国的历史小说。
historic
historical
historic；historical
词汇记忆
原句
global n. 全球的；全世界的
P27.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.
持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期的变化。
词根 glob = ball 球 globe n. 地球；球体
词缀 al 构成形容词 表“属性, 倾向，相关” national adj. 国内的
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
global
Environmentalists fear that this is a short-sighted approach to the problem of ___________ warming.
环境保护主义者担心这并非解决全球变暖问题的长久之计。
global n. 全球的；全世界的
词汇记忆
原句
at 表加强,词根 tend/tent = stretch 伸展 趋向 intend v. 打算
词缀 ion 表状态 fashion n. 时尚 expression n. 表情
attention n. 注意
P27. This requires the attention of people all over the world.
这需要全世界人民的关注。
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
attention
Friendship needs care and _________ to keep it in good health.友谊需要关心和关注，才能保持健康。(2022全国乙卷)
attention n. 注意
词汇记忆
原句
government n. 政府
P27. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。
词根 govern = rule 管理 governor n. 管理者；统治者
词缀 ment 构成名词表行为、手段 punishment n. 惩罚
treatment n. 治疗
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
government’s
Not many people agree with the ____________ prediction that the economy will improve.
没有多少人赞同政府认为经济将会有所改善的预测。
government n. 政府
原句
P27. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。
policy n. 政策；方针；原则
英文释义
a plan of action agreed or chosen by a political party, a business, etc.
词汇记忆
例句
词根 polic, polis, polit = state, city politician n. 政治家
polic 国家，引申为“政治” + y 表结果 → 对国家的管理 → 政策
Concern for the environment is at the core of our policies.
对环境的关注是我们政策的核心。
The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. （2022全国高考乙卷）
第一份官方数据显示，政府对软饮料征收的糖税带来的收入是部长们最初预测的一半。
policy n. 政策；方针；原则
巩固练习
These _____________ have resulted in great gains in public health.
这些政策使公共卫生得到极大改进。
policies
policy n. 政策；方针；原则
词汇记忆
原句
appropriate adj. 适当的；合适的；恰当的
P27. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。
前缀 ap 表加强 appeal v. 呼吁; n. 感染力
词根 propri 表拥有,引申为恰当的 proper adj. 恰当的
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
inappropriate
— “I think it is _____________.”
— “I disagree.”
— “我认为这不妥。”
— “我不这么看。”
appropriate adj. 适当的；合适的；恰当的
词汇记忆
原句
measure n. 措施 ; v. 测量
P27. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。
词根 meas/mens = measure 测量 immense adj. 无限的；巨大的
后缀 ure 构成抽象名词，表状态 failure n. 失败
pleasure n. 愉快
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
measured
The figures are not very good when __________ against those of our competitors.
和我们的竞争者相比，我们的数字并不乐观。
measure n. 措施； v. 测量
原句
P27. We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint" by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳的量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚
英文释义
to limit the size, amount or range of sth.
to stop sb./sth. from moving or acting freely
to control sth. with rules or laws
词汇记忆
词根 strain, strict, string = to tighten 拉紧 constrict v. 压缩
词缀 re 再 + strict 拉紧 → 再拉紧 → 限制 review n.& v. 复习
例句
I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day. 我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。
We restrict the number of students per class to 10.
我们将每个班的学生人数限定为10人。
Women in China are no longer restricted to domestic labor now.
现在，中国妇女不再被束缚于家务劳动了。
restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚
辨析
limit v. 限制，限定
指在时间、数量、水平等方面加以限制，侧重事物限度。
We must limit our spending.
我们必须限制开支。
restrict v. 限制，限定
指控制某事物的大小、数量或范围，侧重限制行为。
Britain's licensing hours used to be very restricted.
英国的酒吧营业时间从前受到很严格的限制。
restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚
limit; restrict; confine
辨析
confine v. 限制，使局限于
指将某人或某事物限制在某活动、主题、地区等范围之内，通常 用被动语态。
The work will not be confined to this area.
此项工作不会局限于这一地区。
restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚
limit; restrict; confine
原句
P27. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。
英文释义
to take sb./sth. in your hand suddenly and using force
to be quick to make use of a chance, an opportunity, etc.
to take control of a place or situation, often suddenly and violently
seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
例句
She tried to seize the gun from him. 她试图夺他的枪。
The army has seized control of the country. 军队已经控制全国。
He says there's a golden opportunity for peace which must be seized. 他说务必抓住这个谋求和平的绝佳机会。
巩固练习
They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and _______ opportunities that come up.
他们倾向于享受发生好事的那一刻，并抓住即将到来的机会。
seize
seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
辨析
catch v. 抓住
普通用词，多指通过追踪、武力、突袭等捉住跑动或隐藏中的人或动物。
He caught hold of her arm as she tried to push past him.
她试图从他身边挤过去时，他一把抓住了她的手臂。
seize v. 抓住
指突然而有力地抓取。
Suddenly the little girl seized his arm.
那个小女孩突然抓住他的胳膊。
catch; seize; capture
seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
辨析
capture v. & n. 捕获，俘虏
指通过使用武力或计谋等捉住人或动物并将其关押。
With the capture of the escaped tiger, everyone felt relieved.
逃出来的老虎被捕获后，大家都松了一口气。
catch; seize; capture
seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
词汇记忆
原句
educate v. 教育
P27.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人了解全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。
前缀 e = ex 表向外 edit v. 编辑
词根 duc = lead 引导 conduct v. 指挥; introduce v. 介绍
词缀 ate 构成动词 communicate v. 交流
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
Parents should ____________ children to mind their manners.
父母应该教育孩子注意行为举止。
We want the kids to have the best ____________ .
我们想让孩子们接受最好的教育。
____________consider teaching a great delight.
教育者们视教学为乐趣。
educate
education
Educators
educate v. 教育
Learning About Language
语法
Discovering Useful Structures
原句
P28. In response to this environment issue, China is implementing significant policies and measures to address climate change, aiming to restrict coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature.
为了应对这一环境问题，中国正在实施应对气候变化的重大政策和措施，旨在限制煤炭消耗，促进人与自然的和谐关系。
英文释义
existing together in harmony
harmonious adj. 和谐的
词汇记忆
词根 harm = fitting 适合 charm n. 魅力，吸引力
词缀ious 构成形容词 delicious adj. 美味的
harmony n. 和谐
巩固练习
The architecture is harmonious and no building is over five or six floors high.
这里的建筑风格和谐统一，没有哪座楼房高于五六层。
harmonious adj. 和谐的
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in __________ with nature.
harmony
harmonious adj. 和谐的
人类的生命被视为自然的一部分，因此，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。
原句
P28. According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carton dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.
根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的密集破坏造成的。
英文释义
to give a document, proposal, etc. to sb. in authority so that they can study or consider it
to accept the authority, control or greater strength of sb./sth.
submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服
词汇记忆
词根 sub = 下,低;副;由下向上;后面 submarine n. 潜水艇
词根 miss, mit = to send, to cast 送, 放出 emit v. 发光;发出(气味等)
sub 下 + mit 送，放出 → 放下 → 屈服
例句
The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval.
该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
He submitted to the unjust treatment.
他屈服于这种不公平的待遇。
submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
The plan ______________ to the committee for official approval.
该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
will be submitted
submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服
原句
P28. According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carton dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.
根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的密集破坏造成的。
英文释义
happening or done once every year
a book, especially one for children, that is published once a year, with the same title each time, but different contents
annual adj. 每年的；一年的； n.年刊，年鉴
词汇记忆
词根 ann(u) = year, one year 年, 一年
anniversary n. 周年纪念 annuity n. 年金；养老金
例句
It has been let at an annual rental of 393,000.
它以每年39.3万英镑的价格被租了出去。
I looked for Jack's picture in my high-school annual.
我在中学年刊中寻找杰克的照片。
annual adj. 每年的；一年的； n.年刊，年鉴
We neeWe need to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
d to deal with the insecure of our telecom networks.（2019北京卷）我们需要应对电信网络的不安全性。
巩固练习
The chairman of the company presented the ________ report.
公司董事长提交了年度报告。
annual
annual adj. 每年的；一年的； n.年刊，年鉴
sting, stinct, stimul= thorn, to prick 刺；刺激
词汇记忆
原句
extinction n. 灭绝
P29. How can we save polar bear from extinction
我们怎样才能拯救北极熊免于灭绝？
词根 sting, stinct, stimul = thorn, to prick 刺;刺激
distinct adj. 清楚的；明显的
词缀 ion 构成名词 production n. 生产 action n.行动
例句
The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
因此，这些薄弱环节也许能避免各个物种互相驱使走向灭绝。(2019天津高考)
However, the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction of this precious species.
然而，这两位动物园管理员并不想看到这一珍贵物种的灭绝。(2019江苏高考)
extinction n. 灭绝
巩固练习
American pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the first of these species to go _______ due to climate change. (2012 浙江高考)
美国鼠兔或岩兔是兔子和野兔的亲戚，可能是第一个因气候变化而灭绝的物种。
extinct
extinction n. 灭绝
词汇记忆
原句
species n. 种；物种
P29. Will scientists discover new species there
科学家会在那里发现新物种吗？
词根 speci = look，kind 外观，种类 special adj. 特别的
巩固练习
The culprit is climate change, and some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five _________ of rabbit in the US. （2012 浙江高考）
罪魁祸首是气候变化，一些研究人员发现，气温上升对美国至少五种兔子产生了有害影响。
species
species n. 种；物种
例句
原句
instead of 代替；而不
P29. I often walk or ride a bike instead of taking a taxi.
我经常步行或骑自行车，而不是坐出租车。
Instead of rushing at life, I wanted something more meaningful.
我不想混日子，我想做点更有意义的事情。
巩固练习
________, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. (2015 全国I卷)
相反,利用这次经历学会积极成长和宽恕，这是一种健康的方式。
Instead
instead of 代替；而不
例句
原句
on behalf of 代替；而不
P29. I’m doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.
我代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。
I would also like to say sorry on behalf of my group.
我也谨代表我的集团表示歉意。
巩固练习
____________ my Government I have the honour to make to you the following communications.
我荣幸地代表我国政府向您转达如下内容。
On behalf of
on behalf of 代替；而不
词汇记忆
原句
sensitive n. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
P29. Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic
为什么核电是一个敏感话题？
able to measure very small changes
reacting quickly or more than usual to sth.
aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings
例 句
词汇记忆
词根sens = feel 感觉 sense n. 感觉
词缀tive 表形容词，有…倾向（性质）的 addictive adj. (使人)上瘾的
I think a lot of people, women in particular, steer clear of these sensitive issues. 我认为很多人，特别是女性，都会回避这些敏感问题。
sensitive n. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
巩固练习
Sensitive refers to how easily you react to things and how much you are aware of things or other people.
Sensible refers to your ability to make good judgement.
She gave me some very ___________ advice. 她给了我一些非常合理的建议。
He's very ___________ about his weight. 他很忌讳别人说他胖。
He was a gentle,___________, lovable man who will be missed by a host of friends. 他是一个温和、体贴而且可爱的人，许多朋友都会想念他的。
sensible
sensitive
sensitive
sensitive / sensible
sensitive n. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
Using Language
听说
Listening and Speaking
例句
原句
smog n. 雾霾
P30. The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means a combination of “smoke” and “fog”.
“烟雾”一词起源于英国，意思是“烟雾”和“雾”的组合。
If the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities, then the air is filled with life — giving energizing oxyen.（2019高考）如果你呼吸的空气是干净的，如果你远离城市的雾霾，那么空气中充满了充满活力的氧气。
词汇记忆
拼缀法 Blending smoke + fog = smog
巩固练习
situation + comedy = sitcom 情景喜剧
breakfast + lunch = brunch __________
motor + hotel = motel ___________
high + technology = hi-tech ___________
Europe + Asia = Eurasia ___________
smog n. 雾霾
早午餐
汽车旅馆
高科技
欧亚大陆
原句
It originated in Britain in the early 20th century, when smog was a severe problem.
它起源于20世纪初的英国，当时烟雾是一个严重的问题。
英文释义
to happen or appear for the first time in a particular place
or situation
originate* v. 起源；发源
词汇记忆
词根 ori, orig = to rise, to begin 升起；开始 orient adj. 东方的
origin 起源 + ate 表动词 → 起源
original adj. 起初的；原来的；首创的
例句
The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics.
这种疾病据说起源于热带地区。
originate* v. 起源；发源
巩固练习
Many buildings on the campus are his _________ creations.
校园里的许多建筑都是他独创的。（2018 全国卷）
original
originate* v. 起源；发源
Using Language
写作
Reading for Writing
原句
reputation n. 声誉
P32. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river's water quality.
然而，它作为首选旅游目的地的声誉对河流的水质却产生了负面影响。
词汇记忆
词缀 re = again 一再 review n.&v. 复习；回顾
词根 put = think 思考；相信 computer n. 电脑
词缀 ation 构成名词表行为，过程，状态 explanation n. 解释；说明
巩固练习
It was this campaign that established the paper's __________.
正是这场运动确立了这家报纸的声誉。
reputation
reputation n. 声誉
英文释义
原句
volume n. 量；体积；一卷
P32. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，很多游客频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。
the amount of sth./sb.
a book, that is part of a series of books
词汇记忆
词根 vol = roll 卷，转 involve v. 包含；牵涉 evolve v. 进化
例句
This work has grown in volume recently.
这项工作的量最近增加了。
The volume of business with Brazil has increased.
与巴西的贸易额增加了。
volume n. 量；体积；一卷
巩固
the volume of... ......的量
order in volume 大量订购
trade volume 贸易量
volume
volume n. 量；体积；一卷
英文释义
原句
garbage n. 垃圾；废物
P32. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，很多游客频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。
waste food, paper, etc. that you throw away
例句
巩固练习
When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag.
出去散步时，带上一个小垃圾袋。
Garbage pollutes our rivers and lakes.
垃圾污染我们的河川湖泊。
While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked _____________ containers, health regulations, or business policies. 虽然餐馆每年都会扔掉成吨的食物，但由于上锁的垃圾桶、卫生条例或商业政策，大部分食物仍然是无法获得的。（2019 高考 浙江卷）
garbage
garbage n. 垃圾；废物
英文释义
原句
enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
P32. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial
enterprises.
旅游业的发展也意味着当地人口迅速增长，以及商业和工业企业的数量增加。
a company or business
a large project, especially one that is difficult
the development of businesses by the people of a country rather than by the government
词汇记忆
例句
enter = inter, be inside 进入 entertainment n. 娱乐
词根 pris = seize 抓住 prison n. 监狱 surprise v.&n. 惊讶
Many enterprises will be forced to close.
很多家企业将被迫倒闭。
enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
巩固练习
He is still involved in voluntary work promoting local __________.
他仍在从事促进当地创业的志愿者工作。
enterprise
enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
英文释义
原句
restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
P32. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty.
当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施来恢复河流的原貌。
to bring back a situation or feeling that existed before
例句
Her friend's kindness has restored her faith in human nature.
她朋友的善意使她恢复了对人性的信心。
restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
词汇记忆
词缀 re- 再 recover v. 恢复
+store 储藏；存放 引申为恢复，修复
辨析
recover v. 恢复；康复；复原
指人从疾病等中康复过来或某事物恢复常态，常后接介词 from;
也指恢复能力、知觉等。
He's recovering from a heart attack.
他心脏病发作了，正在康复之中。
restore v. 恢复
指使某事物恢复到从前的状态，也指恢复某种乐观的情绪。
These two countries restored diplomatic relations with each other one year ago.
这两个国家一年前恢复了外交关系。
restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
recover；restore
巩固练习
He is now fully ___________ to health.
他现在完全恢复了健康。
This beautiful old building _______________ to its former glory.
这座美丽的老建筑物已恢复了昔日的壮观。
It took the government three years __________ the economy to full strength.
政府花了3年时间才使经济完全复苏。
has been restored
to restore
restored
restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
the protection of the natural environment
英文释义
原句
conservation n. 对（环境、文物等）保护；保持
P32. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.
污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，提高了节约用水水平。
例句
词汇记忆
词跟 con = together 一起 connect v. 连接
concentrate v. (集中)注意力
词根 serv = serve, keep 保护,保存 servant n.仆人 service n. 服务
词缀 ation 构成名词表行为,过程,状态 invitation n. 邀请
We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds．(2018 高考江苏卷)
在我们敦促国会加强耕地保护、推动移民改革、寻求在不同背景下保障多种多样、规模宏大的新一代农场成功建设的政策之际，纽约金融中心需要广泛的支持。
conservation n. 对（环境、文物等）保护；保持
巩固练习
______________ programs cannot function without local support.
没有地方的支持，自然环境保护项目就无法运作。
Conservation
conservation n. 对（环境、文物等）保护；保持
原句
P32. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved.
许多污染企业被关闭或搬迁。
例句
He said there were dozens of economic plans in the works.
他说有几十项经济计划已经开始实施。
The project has gone through nearly a dozen years of planning.
该项目已历经近12年的规划。
dozens of 许多； 很多
英文释义
原句
regulation* n. 章程；规章制度
P32. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.
当地政府制定了关于进一步发展工业的严格章程。
an official rule made by a government or some other authority
词汇记忆
例句
词根 -reg/-regn = 统治、规则 reign v. 统治；n. 当政期
词缀 -ular 表形容词,有…形状或性质的 circular adj. 圆形的
regular adj. 有规则的
词缀 ation 构成名词 reputation n. 声誉
The new regulations will put many small businesses out of business.
新法规将使很多小企业关闭。
The economic market is a self-correcting mechanism, which does not need regulation by government.
经济市场是一种自动调节的机制，不需要政府调控。
regulation* n. 章程；规章制度
巩固练习
The company was found guilty of contravening safety __________
那家公司被判违反了安全条例。
regulations
regulation* n. 章程；规章制度
英文释义
原句
inspection n. 检查；查看；视察
P33. At the same time, they started to carry out inspection regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses.
与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对滥用职权的旅游组织进行罚款。
a formal or official examination
词汇记忆
例句
词根 in 向内 inspire v. 鼓舞
词根 spec = see; look 看 aspect n. 外观,方面
词缀 tion 构成名词表行为，过程，状态 collection n. 收集
Would you mind pointing out your luggage for inspection
可否把你的行李指给我们检查？
The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.
士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。
inspection n. 检查；查看；视察
All planes ________________ for possible cracking and corrosion.
所有的飞机都在接受检查，看是否可能有裂纹和腐蚀现象。
巩固练习
are being inspected
inspection n. 检查；查看；视察
英文释义
原句
fine vt. 对......处以罚款 n. 罚金
P33. At the same time, they started to carry out inspection regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses.
与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对滥用职权的旅游组织进行罚款。
very good
in good health
a sum of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a law or rule
to make sb. pay money as an official punishment
例句
巩固练习
The penalty for speeding can be a heavy _______.
超速驾驶可能会被处以高额罚款。
The company _________ 20 000 for breaching safety regulations.
这家公司因违反安全条例而被罚款2万英镑。
The driver was fined fifty dollars for speeding.
司机因超速行驶被罚了五十元。
The driver paid a fine of fifty dollars for speeding.
司机因超速行驶付了五十元的罚金。
fine
was fined
fine vt. 对......处以罚款；n. 罚金
英文释义
原句
P33. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美景将世代留存下去。
preserve vt. 保存；维护；维持......的现状
词缀 pre = 预先 prehistory n. 史前
词根 serv = serve, keep 保护,保存 servant n. 仆人 service n. 服务
巩固练习
All kinds of traditional craft industries ____________ here.
这里保留着各种各样的传统手工业。
Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and ________ its history and culture.(2017 全国卷)
莫兰希望扩大爵士乐的受众范围，让音乐更容易获得，并保护其历史和文化。
preseve
was preserved
preserve vt. 保存；维护；维持......的现状
英文释义
原句
campaign n. 运动；战役 vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
P33. With such campaigns in effect, China's waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
随着这些行动的生效，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。
a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim
a series of attacks and battles that are intended to achieve a particular military aim during a war
词汇记忆
例句
词根 camp = field 田野，平地 campus n. 校园
advertising/marketing campaign 广告/营销活动
election campaign 竞选活动
The campaign is intended to educate the public to respect the environment.
这一运动旨在教育公众爱护环境。
We have campaigned against whaling for the last 15 years.
我们最近15年一直参加反对捕鲸的运动。
campaign n. 运动；战役 vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
巩固练习
The __________ is intended to heighten public awareness of the disease.
这场运动的目的是使公众更加了解这种疾病。
campaign
campaign n. 运动；战役 vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
原句
P34. The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation.
村民们再也不能容忍这种情况了。
英文释义
to allow sb. to do sth. that you do not agree with or like
to accept sb./sth. that is annoying, unpleasant, etc. without complaining
tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许
辨析
词根 toler = to endure, to bear 容忍, 忍受
词缀 ate 构成动词 originate v. 起源，发源于
toler 容忍，忍受 + ate 使… → 宽容
例句
The ability to tolerate pain varies from person to person.
对疼痛的忍受力因人而异。
She refused to tolerate being called a liar.
她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。
tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许
巩固练习
At times, the heat was barely ___________.
有时天气炎热得几乎令人难以忍受。
tolerable
tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许
When 1._______(ask) by a TV reporter to talk about air and water quality in his hometown, Qi Mu said that the villagers were living 2._____________(harmonious) with nature once more. However, he could not forget about an earlier time 3.________ his village had been struggling 4.________ a serious air quality problem.
In the 1990s, garbage from a nearby city was usually brought to the village. And villagers found that 5._______ (garbage)could be used to feed pigs. Over the next few years, dozens of pig farms were set up. But then nobody in the village wanted to open their windows. The smell from the garbage and pig waste was terrible. The numbers of mosquitoes and flies 6._________(be) also horrifying.
巩固练习
asked
harmoniously
garbage
with
when
were
The villagers could no longer 7.______(tolerate) the situation. So an initiative was launched and a “clean-up” 8.____________ (campaign) was added to the government agenda, including 9.__________ (restrict) large vehicles from passing through the village. Garbage from the city was no longer disposed of in the village, and more trees were planted. Villagers can all breathe more freely now that the natural beauty of our village 10. _________
________ (restore).
巩固练习
restricting
restored
campaign
tolerate
has been