人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 2 Travelling around课文详解课件(共94张PPT)
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(共94张PPT)
UNIT 2 : TRAVELLING AROUND
课文详解
新人教版2019必修一
Travel, in the younger sort, is a part of education; in the elder, a part of experience.
——Francis Bacon
旅行，于年轻人而言，是教育的一部分；与年长者而言，则是一种经历。 ——弗朗西斯·培根
Travel Peru (P26)
Write a Travel Plan (P30)
Be a Good Tourist (P80)
A Visit to Pisa (P82)
目
录
Travel Peru
Reading and Thinking
Travel Peru
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
畅游秘鲁
秘鲁是位于南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：狭窄的 、干燥的、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉和亚马孙热带雨林。
narrow
Narrow： adj 狭窄的，（心胸，视野）狭隘的；勉强地 好不容易地 vi&vt使变窄
adv 勉强地
Narrowly
九死一生
a narrow escape
险胜
a narrow victory
狭义上
in a narrow sense
run
1.奔跑。
常用的搭配有：run the race 跑比赛。
Why didn't he run 他为什么不跑？
2.经营，管理 。
常用的搭配有：run a factory 经营一家工厂；
run company 经营公司等等。
My mother runs a clothes shop in the Yangguang Mall.
我妈妈在阳光购物商城经营着一家服装店。
Running a Western Restaurant is too difficult for me.
经营一家西餐厅对我来讲很难
run
3.主宰。
常用的搭配有：run sb's life主宰某人的生活。
Either you run the day or the day runs you.
要么你主宰生活，要么让生活主宰你。
4.离开，逃走。
常用的搭配有：run away 逃避、抛开。
You got to drop your shield and run.
你必须丢掉你的盾逃跑。
5.运转。
Her sewing machine won't run properly.
她的缝纫机不能正常运转了。
run
1.run across 偶然发现
When did you run across her
你什么时候碰到她的？
2. run into 偶然碰见
I run into an old friend today 我今天偶遇了一个老朋友。
3. run after 追赶
Two policemen are running after the robber.
两名警察正在追赶这名强盗。
4. run away 逃跑,走掉; 逃脱
The enemy broke and began to run away in all directions.
敌人溃散,开始四处逃窜。
run
5.run in顺便看望;跑过去；逮捕
We ran in for an hour.
我们拜访了一个小时。
Would you run in and bring my ball
快跑过去帮我把球拿来好吗？
I saw the run-in of the criminal.
我看到了那个被逮捕的罪犯。
6. run around奔忙
On returning I took a run around the campus.
回来时，我在校园跑了一圈。
run
7. run for竞选
run for office 竞选公职；run for election参加竞选。
This man is prepared to run for the President
这个男人正在准备竞选总统。
8. run out of：用完，用尽，用光
I've run out of matches. 我的火柴用完了。
9. on the run 奔波、在逃
After a week on the run he gave himself up to the police.
他逃跑一周后向警方投案自首了。
run
10. in the long run 从长远来看
In the long run, part-time job is the best way to take care of the family at the same time. 从长远来看，兼职的工作是同时能照顾家庭的最好的方法。
It’s necessary to develop the good learning habits in the long run. 长远来看，养成好的学习习惯是很有必要的。
In the long run,it was for the best.
长远来说，这是最好的。
11. have a good run 有一个好状态，可以表示好的结果
Hopefully I can have a good run in the side now and keep scoring goals.真希望我能有个好状态并持续进球。
Travel Peru
In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
畅游秘鲁
在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪开始掌控秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语才是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
emperor
emperor / emp r / n.皇帝;
empire n. 帝国
imperial / m p ri l / adj. 帝国的
imperative / m per t v/ adj. 命令的，强制的
imperious / m p ri s / adj. 专横的
site
place n. 地方，地点，场所 普通用词，既可以指比较笼统的地方，又可以指某一具体的地点。
Put your money in a safe place。
site n. 地点，场所 既可指发生过重要或有趣事件的场所，也可指有专门用途的场地。
They pitched their tent at the camping site.
spot n. 地点 指相对范围较小的特定地点，尤指休闲场所。
The Summer Palace is the best spot for our picnic.
position n. 位置，方位 指某人、某物相对于其他人、物或地方而言所处的方位。
From his position on the balcony, he had a good view of the sea.
location n. 地点，位置 尤指相对于其他建筑物、地区等而言某人或某物所处的地理位置
No one knows the location of the hidden treasure.
scene n.现场 多指事故、罪案等不愉快事件发生的地点。
The police were on the scene within minutes.
took control of
【词块积累】
(1)under control 在控制之下
in control of 支配; 管理
in the control of 由……来控制
keep sth. under control 使……处于控制之下
(2)lose control of 对……失去控制
out of control 不受控制, 失去控制
It is…that 强调句
It is for it is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
本句是强调句式，强调了原因状语for this reason
1).It is +被强调部分+that /who +剩余部分。
2)强调句式的一般疑问句：Is/was +it+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分
3)强调句式的特殊疑问句：疑问词+is/was it that….
4)强调until 的强调句 ：It is /was not until ….that ….
注：在强调句式中，引导词用that。如被强调部分指人，可用who，其他一律用that.
It is…that 强调句
1.一般情况用It is(was) ……that…如：
He read four books in the library yesterday.
我们分别可以强调主语、宾语、地点状语和时间状语。
It was he who(that)read four books in thelibrary yesterday.
(强调主语)
It was four books that he read in the libraryyesterday.
(强调宾语)
It wasin the library that he read four books yesterday.
(强调地点状语)
It wasyesterday that he read three books inthe library.
(强调时间状语)
It is…that 强调句
2.一般疑问句的强调句为“Is (was) it that… ”；
特殊疑问句为：“特殊疑问词 is (was) that… ”结构。Was itten years ago that his father died
（他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？）
When isit that you will set off
（你到底什么时候出发？）
It is…that 强调句
1. 原句中的谓语动词时态是一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时或过去完成时等表过去的时态时, 用 It was... that... 。属于表现在的时态时, 用 It is...that... 。如:
It is the computer that is doing many jobs.
是计算机做了许多工作。
When was it that the Long March started
长征是在何时开始的
It is…that 强调句
2. 被强调部分无论是单数还是复数, It 后的动词均用单数形式, 即 is或 was。如:
It is they who have finished cleaning the classroom. 打扫完教室的人是他们。
It is…that 强调句
3. 被强调部分指人时, It is（was）... 后用 who, whom 或t hat均可; 指事物或情况时, 通常用 that（一般不用 when, where, which等）。如:
It was yesterday that he saw me in the park.
（不可用 when）
It is her whom you should ask. （还可用 who／that）
It was in the street that they quarreled. （不可用 where）
It is…that 强调句
4. 被强调部分如果是原句的主语, who／that 后面的谓语在人称和数上应与原句主语保持一致。如:
Itis I who am wrong. 错的人是我啊。
It was they that were talking and laughing.
是他们又说又笑的啊。
It is…that 强调句
5. 强调双宾语时, 无论是强调直接宾语还是间接宾语, 要根据适当情况加上介词 to 或 for 等。如:
It was a new dictionary that Tom gave to me last night.
＝Tom gave me a new dictionary last night.
汤姆昨晚给我的是一本新词典。
It was a red shirt that John bought for me as a birthdaypresent.
＝John bought me a red shirt as a birthdaypresent.
作为生日礼物约翰送我的是一件红衬衫。
It is…that 强调句
6.“not…until…”句型的强调结构为“It is not until…that…”应注意把否定词not转移到until前面。
I didn't go home until rain stopped.(直到雨停了我才回家)。
强调句为：It wasnot until rain stopped that I went home.
I didn't know the news untilyesterday.
(直到昨天我才知道那个消息)
强调句为：It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
亚马孙热带雨林之旅
从库斯科出发的短途航班会带您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。从那儿，您将乘一天的船前往位于森林深处的住宿地。在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林独有的动植物。
unique
unique : adj. 唯一的，独一无二的，独特的，罕见的；
(某人、地或事物)独具的，特有的。
1、unique没有比较级，最高级的用法，只能用一些quite, almost, nearly, really之类的词修饰；
2、派生词：uniquely adv. 唯一地；uniqueness n. 唯一性，单一性，单值性，独特性，重要性
Each person's signature is unique.
每个人的签名都是独一无二的。
As a writer he has his unique style.
作为作家，他有自己独特的风格。
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
马丘比丘之旅
为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地后，您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。尤其令人惊奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美贴合，即可稳固墙体。
amazing
【词块积累】
(1)amazed adj. 吃惊的; 惊讶的
be amazed that/how . . . 很惊讶……
be amazed at/by . . . 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do. . . 对做……感到惊讶
(2)amazement n. 惊讶, 吃惊
(much)to one’s amazement 令某人感到(非常)惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地, 吃惊地
全部倒装
Especially amazing is the Incas’dry stone method of building.
特别令人惊奇的是印加人的干石建法。
全部倒装
为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接更加紧密，可以把介词短语、形容词、或分词提于句首，并把句子的主语和谓语全部倒装。
method
Approach后面的to是个介词，要用名词，或者动名词
Way后面的to是不定式，要用动词原形
Method 后面用的介词是for，或者是of
Means 后面的介词是of
other than
Other than 除了；除了….以外（常用于否定结构中）
Eg:There is nobody here other than me.
You can’t get there other than by swimming.
He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.
除了我这里没有别人。
你只有游泳才能到达那里。
他除了向要东西，从不和我说话。
other than
rather than 而不是
less than 少于
more than 多于, 不仅仅是, 非常
选词填空(other than/rather than/less than/more than)
(1)They aim at quality __________quantity.
(2)Unfortunately, the marriage had lasted for ________two years.
(3)I will be _________happy to see improvements in this regard.
(4)I have not studied foreign languages _________English.
rather than
less than
more than
other than
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
库斯科之旅
在安第斯山脉上的库斯科畅玩四天，尽情享受独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科是13世纪至16世纪印加帝国的首都。您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、欣赏建筑物，品尝当地美食，并在当地市场购物。
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
的的喀喀湖之旅
沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新建公路，您可以欣赏到乡村美景。在那里，一艘小船将把您送至岛上的当地乌鲁斯家庭共度三天。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住房都是由湖中的水生植物建造而成的。
长难句理解
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
as 引导时间状语从句
现在分词作后置定语
沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新建公路，您可以欣赏到乡村美景。
现在分词作后置定语
It is a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard, played by pushing the two ends towards each other.
它是一种盒子形状的乐器，由中间一个折叠的部分和一个键盘组成，通过将两端向中间推来演奏。
The national park has large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
现在分词表示主动作后置定语，相当于定语从句which ranges from butterflies to elephants.
Travel Peru
So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.
畅游秘鲁
所以，欢迎来体验秘鲁的万种风情：这里有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄，还有茂密的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。
Travel Peru
For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org.
畅游秘鲁
如需获得更多有关秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请与我们联系：tourinfo@travelperu. org。
contact
【词块积累】
(1)make contact with=get in/into contact with 与……取得联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
(2)be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系
contact
*For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org. (P27)
如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册, 请发电子邮件至tourinfo@travelperu. org.
Would you please keep in contact with me by email
你愿意用邮件与我保持联系吗
I’d hate to lose contact with my old school friends.
我不愿和旧时校友失去联系。
Write a Travel Plan
Reading for Writing
Dear Xiao Li,
My time here in China is going well. I love my new school and classmates. Over the October holiday, my parents and I are planning to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. I’ve heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can’t wait to go. To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable. It’s amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
亲爱的小李，
我在中国一切都好。我喜欢我的新学校和新同学。十一放假期间，我和父母打算去西安参观兵马俑。我听说兵马俑是一个令人惊叹的景点，我已经迫不及待了。对我来说，兵马俑的故事简直令人难以置信。那里有8000多座俑像，直到20世纪70年代才为人所知，想想这一切，真是非常神奇。
he Terracotta Army
兵马俑
sight
【词块积累】
(1)catch sight of 看见; 瞥见
lose sight of 看不见……
come into sight 进入视野中
(2)at first sight 乍看起来; 一看见
at the sight of 一看见……
in/within sight 在视线内; 看得见
out of sight 看不见; 在视线外
We’re also planning to visit several other places in Xi’an. My dad and I are both looking forward to going to the Shaanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and I have heard that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house”! We’re also going to the Xi’an City Wall and a few other famous sights.
我们还计划去游览西安的其他景点。爸爸和我都期待着参观陕西历史博物馆，因为我爸爸热爱历史，而我听说这家博物馆被誉为“中国宝库”！我们还打算游览西安古城墙和其他一些著名的景点。
is known as
1. He was known for his generosity. 他以慷慨大方而闻名。
2. He is known to the police. 警察都认识他。
3. She was well-known as an excellent dancer. 她是大家公认的出色的舞蹈家。
4. China is known for its long history in the world. 中国以其悠久的历史而闻名于世。
5. He is known for his kindness. 他的善良是出了名的。
6. He is known to everyone as a good actor. 大家都知道他是个好演员。
7. He is known as a fair judge. 大家都知道他是个公正的法官。
8. Thailand is known for its flourishing tourism. 泰国以其繁荣的旅游业而闻名。
We’re taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday begins. We’re arriving at 9: 30 a.m. and will start sightseeing right away, so I hope we sleep well on the train!
I guess that’s all for now! I’ll write again soon and send photos! Do you have any plans for the coming holiday Hope to hear from you soon.
Your friend, Richard
我们打算坐火车，在十一假期开始的前一天出发。上午9：30到达到西安之后，我们马上开始观光，但愿我们能在火车上睡个好觉！
我想今天就写到这里吧！我很快会再给你写信和发照片的！你对即将到来的假期有什么安排吗？希望收到你的来信。
你的朋友，
理查德
长难句理解
We’re taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday begins.
现在分词结构作伴随状语
我们打算坐火车，在十一假期开始的前一天出发。
现在分词结构作伴随状语
现在分词和过去分词都可以~ 前者表示主动，后者表示被动。可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语，伴随状语、结果状语等。如：
作时间状语：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.
作原因状语：Living far from the company, I have to get up early every morning.
作结果状语： It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.
sightseeing
sightseeing [ sa tsi: ] n.观光，游览
[例句]Sightseeing attraction is making its debut : the local landfill.
如今一个新的观光景点当地垃圾填埋场已闪亮登场。
TERRACOTTA ARMY
Come and see the Terracotta Army：more than 8,000 statues were made in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!
兵马俑
来参观兵马俑吧：公元前三世纪制作的8000多座俑像，守护着中国秦始皇的陵墓！每个俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。这些俑像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，而整座陵墓尚未完全发掘。当时，70多万人花了近40年时间才建成这座陵墓。然而，直到1974年几位农民打时(无意)发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道这座皇墓!
guard
guard
v. 看守；守卫；保卫；提防
n. 警戒；哨兵；防护装置；警卫；
【体】后卫
长难句理解
Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.
现在分词结构作结果状语
每个俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。
unearth
Unearth ：v，发掘，发现
A hidden chemistry lab dating back to the 1820s was unearthed during renovations at the University of Virginia.
维吉尼亚大学在整修过程中发现了一个十九世纪二十年代的隐秘的化学实验室。
A Michigan farmer unexpectedly unearthed mammoth bones on his property, buried in the soil beneath his wheat field.
美国密西根州的一个农民在自家麦田地底下意外地发现了猛犸象的骨头。
dig
dig
vt.（尤指用铲或锹）挖…的土；挖成；掘成；喜欢；理解；欣赏；
vi.挖土；掘地；挖掘；寻找；搜寻；调查；（尤指为迎考）苦学，苦干；居住；
n.挖；掘；考古发掘；刺；戳；捅；碰；讽刺；挖苦；
Be a Good Tourist
Workbook-reading
Be a Good Tourist
Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems.
做个好游客
旅游业有好的方面也有不好的方面。是的，它为当地经济带来了资金并且为当地人创造了大量就业机会，但也可能带来一些问题。
Tourism
Tourism 旅游业。
Saudi Arabia plans to relax restrictions on visas for Muslim pilgrims, hoping to boost religious tourism.
沙特阿拉伯计划放松对穆斯林朝圣者的签证限制，希望借此推动宗教旅游业的发展。
The number of tourists visiting Turkey fell by 28% in April from a year earlier, making it the biggest drop in 17 years for Turkey's tourism industry.
四月份土耳其接待外国游客的数量比一年前跌落28%，是土耳其旅游业17年来的最大跌幅。
brings in
“把某物或者某人带进来”
I don’t allow my kids to bring in sand or rocks because they will make a mess in the house.我不允许我的孩子们把沙子或者石头带进家里因为他们会在房子里弄得一团糟的。
“引进人才，经验等”
I think we should bring in someone professional to help us with the finance.
我认为我们应该引进一个专业的人来帮我们处理财务方面的事情。
We tried to bring in British players but it didn’t work.
我们尝试引进英国的球手，但是没有成功。
The experts bring in their experience and skills.
专家们引进了他们的经验和技术。
brings in
“赚钱，带来收入”
He brought in half of the company’s profit last year.
去年他一个人赚了公司一半的收入。
Now that you’ve been promoted, how much areyou bringing in each month
既然你已经被提拔了，现在每个月可以赚多少钱？
economy
“经济”
Tourism is an important part of the economy.
“节约”
This is an outstanding example of strict economy.
“节省的”
The gas fire was turned low for reasons of economy.
economic
“经济的”
In the current economic climate (=conditions), we must keep costs down.
“盈利的”
It is no longer economic to run the service.
economical
“经济的，节省的”
Environmentalists insist that polystyrene recycling can be economical.
“幽默的方式表示某人没有讲真话”
Members of his profession are often economical with the truth.
economics
“经济学”
He knows very little about economics or international finance.
“经济效益”
The economics of the project are very encouraging.
Be a Good Tourist
One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination. Tourists have used paint, rocks, or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places. Thousands of tourists sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”.I have three words for people like this:please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction(破坏).
做个好游客
一个日益严重的问题是游客们想证明他们去过一个地方。游客们在埃及的卢克索神庙、罗马的斗兽场、英国的巨石阵、珠穆朗玛峰底部的纪念石以及许多其他地方用颜料、石头甚至钥匙写字。成千上万的旅游景点被那些“爱死他们”的游客摧毁了。我有三个词给像他们这样的人：请别做。如果你想在这个世界上留下一个印记，用善良和爱来改变别人的生活，把善良传承给后代，而不是破坏。
growing
1）扩大，增加，增强（不及物动词）
The economy grew at a record 33.4% rate in third quarter.
第三季度经济增长率达到创纪录的33.4%。
It’s not a small business, it's a huge business, and this is growing all the time.
这不是一个小生意，而是一个大生意，而且这个生意一直在增长。
People and elephants are being forced into ever closer contact as the human population grows and wild habitat disappears.
随着人类人口的增长和野生栖息地的消失，人和大象正被迫进行更近距离的接触。
growing
2）长大，长高，发育，成长（不及物动词）
Musk grew up in South Africa and went on to study in Canada and then the University of Pennsylvania.
马斯克在南非长大，后来在加拿大和宾夕法尼亚大学学习。
Spring is the perfect time for delicate flowers to grow.
春天是这些娇嫩花朵生长的最佳时期。
growing
3）使…生长，种植（及物动词）
The colonizers apparently were not successful at growing crops or hunting.
殖民者们显然不善于种植庄稼或打猎。
In fact，Ecuador does not itself grow large quantities of coca leaf.
事实上，厄瓜多尔本国并不种植大量古柯叶。
Maybe I'll be able to grow my career or live in another country someday.
也许有一天我能去国外发展我的事业或者生活。
growing
4）逐渐变得；逐渐成为（系动词）
As he grew older, he went to Zhejiang University for higher education.
长大后，他去了浙江大学接受高等教育。
I could see she was growing weary of living this way for the past years.
我看得出她对过去几年这样的生活越来越厌倦了。
destination
Spain has overtaken Italy as the No. 1 destination for migrants crossing the Mediterranean to try to reach Europe.
西班牙取代意大利，成为移民穿越地中海，投奔欧洲的第一目的地。
Cathay Pacific Airways is launching two new destinations in the U.S., Washington and Seattle, raising its total U.S. routes to eight.
国泰航空公司准备新开两个美国终点站，华盛顿和西雅图，将其飞往美国的航线增加到八条。
Be a Good Tourist
Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing(打扰) the local people and life.Some tourists wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students and disturbing their studies.Another example is Sanlitun,a neighbourhood in Beijing,China. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate.Have fun in a way that does not disturb others.
做个好游客
一些地方的另一个大问题是游客打扰了当地居民以及他们的生活。一些游客在未经允许的情况下四处游荡，拍当地人。例如，泰国的清迈大学和韩国的延世大学都有大量的游客参观他们的校园，在图书馆和其他公共区域散步，给学生拍照，扰乱他们的学习。中国北京的三里屯是另一个例子。对于这样的游客我有三个词：请体谅。以一种不打扰他人的方式娱乐吧。
permission
n. 同意，许可；许可证，书面许可
without permission 未经许可
with one's permission 如果…允许的话
written permission 书面许可证；签单
ask for permission 征求许可；请求允许
planning permission （英）建筑许可证
give permission 准许
grant permission 准许
长难句理解
Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing,China.
名词做同位语
中国北京的三里屯是另一个例子。
Be a Good Tourist
The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the problem of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one! Be the best,kindest,most polite tourist possible. Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are representing(代表) your country to the rest of the world.
做个好游客
来自游客的问题层出不穷：成群结队地走而不考虑其他需要路过的人，横穿马路而不考虑当地的交通法规等。解决糟糕的游客问题的唯一办法就是确保你不是其中的一个！尽可能做最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客。记住，每当你走出国境，你就是在向世界其他地方代表你的国家。
one
one作代词可以代替上文中出现过的单数可数名词，以避免重复。相当于a(n) + 名词，具有泛指意义，其复数形式为ones。例如：
Could you show me a skirt A green one, I mean.
请给我看条短裙。我是说一条绿色的。
结构分析： you是主语，could show是谓语，me是间接宾语，a skirt是直接宾语。A green one是宾语，I是主语，mean是谓语。
— I’d like to have a scarf. 我要买条围巾。
结构分析：I是主语，would like to have是谓语，a scarf是名词词组，作宾语。
— We’ve got some black ones. 我们有一些黑围巾。
结构分析：We是主语，have got是谓语，现在完成时，some black ones是名词词组，作宾语，其中some和black是两个前置定语。
border
n.[C]1. 边缘,边沿2. 饰边,滚边3. 边界,边境,国界
They were near the border between France and Germany.
他们在法德边界附近。
vt.1. 形成...的边,围住 2. 与...有共同边界,与...接壤3. 为...镶边
The racecourse borders the city on the east.赛马场邻接东城。
She bordered her dress with silk.她用丝绸为她的衣服镶了边。
vi.1. 毗邻,接界[(+on/upon)]2. 近似[(+on/upon)]
Myanmar borders on India.
缅甸与印度接壤。
His remarks bordered on rudeness.他的言词简直是无礼。
A Visit to Pisa
Expanding Your World
A Visit to Pisa
Dear Sir,
Pisa is a fine old city. The houses are well-built; the streets open, straight, and well-paved; the shops well-furnished; and the markets well-supplied. There are some beautiful palaces. The churches are built with taste and well decorated. There is a stone wharf on each side of the Arno River(阿尔诺河), which runs through the city, and there are three bridges over it. The number of people there is rather small. This gives the place an air of wonderful quietness, which is very pleasant.
比萨一游
尊敬的先生，
比萨是一座美丽的古城。建造得很好的房屋；开阔、笔直的街道、铺砌得也好；装潢不错的店铺；供应充足的市场。这有许多漂亮的宫殿。教堂建得很有品味也装饰得很好。阿尔诺河两岸各有一个石头码头，贯穿整个城市，其上有三座桥。这儿人口相当少。这一切造就了比萨城的幽静氛围，非常宜人。
含well的复合形容词
well-chosen (word) 选择得当的（词语）
well-cut (suit) 剪裁得体的（服装）
well-done (job) 完成得很好的（工作）
well-drawn (character) 画得很好的（人物）
well-dressed (women) 穿着时髦的（妇女）
well-founded (building) 基础牢固的（建筑物）
well-known (scientist) 著名的（科学家）
well-spoken (man) 说话优雅的（人）
well-written (composition) 写得不错的（作文）
含well的复合形容词
well-behaved (student) 举止优雅的（学生）
well-intentioned (remarks) 善意（之语）
well-disposed (man) 待人很好的（人）
well-bred (girl) 有教养的（女孩）
well-balanced (diet) 营养全面的（饮食结构）
well-appointed (flat) 设备良好的（公寓）
well-advised (man) 明智（之人）
well-timed (stroke) 时机颇佳的（一击）
well-performed (play) 演出成功的（戏）
含well的复合形容词
well-conceived (plan) 设想很好的（计划）
well-planned (tour) 计划周密的（旅行）
well-guarded (secret) 保守很好的（秘密）
well-seasoned (soup) 味道调得很好的（汤）
well-lighted (office) 照明条件很好的（办公室）
well-set-up/well-built (man) 身体健壮的（男人）
well-founded (belief) 坚定的（信念）
well-proportioned (room) 匀称的（房间）
well-rounded (person) 丰满（之人）
含well的复合形容词
well-thought-of (teacher) 受人尊敬的（老师）
well-meant (actions) 善意（之举）
well-mannered (children) 有礼貌的（孩子）
well-prepared (dishes) 丰盛的（菜）
well-equipped (library) 设备很好的（图书馆）
well-liked (songs) 流行（歌曲）
well-fed (man) 吃得挺饱的（人）
well-trained (dog ) 训练有素的（狗）
well-featured (person) 面貌端正的（人）
含well的复合形容词
well-placed （signs） 设置好的（标志）
well-established (friendship) 基础牢固的（友谊）
well-organized (society) 组织良好的（社会）
well-informed (question)内行的（问题）
well-connected (people) 有好血统的（人）
well-furnished (house) 装修很好的（房子）
A Visit to Pisa
Of course, I visited the beautiful leaning tower, which is eight floors high, each having a round of columns, rising one above another. It leans so far on one side that if you dropped a stone from the top, which is 188 feet high, it would fall 16 feet from the base of the tower. I would have never dreamt that this would have happened for any other reason than an accident; but some people have said that it was done on purpose by the architect! Anyone with eyes can see that the columns on one side have sunk rather far. These leaning tower are not uncommon in Italy; these is one in Bologna(博洛尼亚), another in Venice(威尼斯), a third between Venice and Ferrara(费拉拉), and a fourth at Ravenna(拉韦纳).
比萨一游
当然，我参观了美丽的斜塔，它有八层楼高，每层楼都有一圈柱子，一根比一根高。它的一侧倾斜得如此之远，以至于如果你从188英尺高的塔顶扔下一块石头，它就距塔底已落下16英尺。除了意外，我做梦也想不到会发生这种事，但有人说这是建筑师特意的! 任何有眼睛的人都能看到一侧的柱子已经陷得相当深了。这些斜塔在意大利并不少见，一座在博洛尼亚，另一座在威尼斯，第三座在威尼斯和费拉拉之间，第四座在拉韦纳。
长难句理解
Anyone with eyes can see that the columns on one side have sunk rather far.
with的复合结构
任何有眼睛的人都能看到，一边的柱子已经沉得很远了。
宾语从句
A Visit to Pisa
A most interesting person you might meet in Italy is the Improvisatore; this is what they call certain people who have the surprising ability to make up poems on any subject you suggest. Mr Corvesi, my landlord, has a son who is amazingly good at this. When a subject is given, his brother picks up his violin to play along as he begins to make up poems with wonderful speed and skill. He will, at a minute's warning, recite two or three hundred beautifully written verses, with compliments to the listeners! The Italians are so fond of poetry that many of them have memorised the best parts of their great poets; these are the sources from which the Improvisatori take their rhymes, rhythms, and expressions.
Tobias Smollett
比萨一游
在意大利你可能会遇到的一个很有趣的人，是即兴诗人；这就是他们所说的某些有惊人的写诗能力人，能就你建议的任何主题作诗。我的房东科尔维西有一个儿子，他非常擅长这个。得到主题后，他能以惊人的速度和娴熟的技能写诗，而他的哥哥会拿起小提琴伴奏。只一会儿功夫，他就能背诵两三百优美的诗句，并向听众致意！意大利人如此喜爱诗歌，以至于许多人都能记住他们伟大诗人的最优美的诗句；这些都是即兴演讲学习韵律、节奏和表达的源泉。
托比亚斯 斯摩莱特
compliment
n: 赞美(话), 恭维(话), 向…送礼以表示敬意
vt: 表扬; 恭维
with compliments 敬赠
backhanded compliment 讽刺挖苦的恭维话
compliment away 赠送
arithmetical compliment 余数
compliment someone on 称赞某人的……方面
compliment
A sincere compliment boosts one's morale.
由衷的称赞可鼓舞一个人的精神。
Make sure you're not complimenting too much.
要确保你没有过分称赞。
These are all compliments I'm giving you.
我这是在夸奖你。
I’ll take my compliments where I can.
我需要赞美。
I wondered why he was paying me so many compliments.
我还在想他为什么要这么费劲的赞美我呢。
THANK YOU !
课文详解
新人教版2019必修一
UNIT 2 : TRAVELLING AROUND
课文详解
新人教版2019必修一
Travel, in the younger sort, is a part of education; in the elder, a part of experience.
——Francis Bacon
旅行，于年轻人而言，是教育的一部分；与年长者而言，则是一种经历。 ——弗朗西斯·培根
Travel Peru (P26)
Write a Travel Plan (P30)
Be a Good Tourist (P80)
A Visit to Pisa (P82)
目
录
Travel Peru
Reading and Thinking
Travel Peru
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
畅游秘鲁
秘鲁是位于南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：狭窄的 、干燥的、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉和亚马孙热带雨林。
narrow
Narrow： adj 狭窄的，（心胸，视野）狭隘的；勉强地 好不容易地 vi&vt使变窄
adv 勉强地
Narrowly
九死一生
a narrow escape
险胜
a narrow victory
狭义上
in a narrow sense
run
1.奔跑。
常用的搭配有：run the race 跑比赛。
Why didn't he run 他为什么不跑？
2.经营，管理 。
常用的搭配有：run a factory 经营一家工厂；
run company 经营公司等等。
My mother runs a clothes shop in the Yangguang Mall.
我妈妈在阳光购物商城经营着一家服装店。
Running a Western Restaurant is too difficult for me.
经营一家西餐厅对我来讲很难
run
3.主宰。
常用的搭配有：run sb's life主宰某人的生活。
Either you run the day or the day runs you.
要么你主宰生活，要么让生活主宰你。
4.离开，逃走。
常用的搭配有：run away 逃避、抛开。
You got to drop your shield and run.
你必须丢掉你的盾逃跑。
5.运转。
Her sewing machine won't run properly.
她的缝纫机不能正常运转了。
run
1.run across 偶然发现
When did you run across her
你什么时候碰到她的？
2. run into 偶然碰见
I run into an old friend today 我今天偶遇了一个老朋友。
3. run after 追赶
Two policemen are running after the robber.
两名警察正在追赶这名强盗。
4. run away 逃跑,走掉; 逃脱
The enemy broke and began to run away in all directions.
敌人溃散,开始四处逃窜。
run
5.run in顺便看望;跑过去；逮捕
We ran in for an hour.
我们拜访了一个小时。
Would you run in and bring my ball
快跑过去帮我把球拿来好吗？
I saw the run-in of the criminal.
我看到了那个被逮捕的罪犯。
6. run around奔忙
On returning I took a run around the campus.
回来时，我在校园跑了一圈。
run
7. run for竞选
run for office 竞选公职；run for election参加竞选。
This man is prepared to run for the President
这个男人正在准备竞选总统。
8. run out of：用完，用尽，用光
I've run out of matches. 我的火柴用完了。
9. on the run 奔波、在逃
After a week on the run he gave himself up to the police.
他逃跑一周后向警方投案自首了。
run
10. in the long run 从长远来看
In the long run, part-time job is the best way to take care of the family at the same time. 从长远来看，兼职的工作是同时能照顾家庭的最好的方法。
It’s necessary to develop the good learning habits in the long run. 长远来看，养成好的学习习惯是很有必要的。
In the long run,it was for the best.
长远来说，这是最好的。
11. have a good run 有一个好状态，可以表示好的结果
Hopefully I can have a good run in the side now and keep scoring goals.真希望我能有个好状态并持续进球。
Travel Peru
In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
畅游秘鲁
在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪开始掌控秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语才是秘鲁的主要官方语言。
emperor
emperor / emp r / n.皇帝;
empire n. 帝国
imperial / m p ri l / adj. 帝国的
imperative / m per t v/ adj. 命令的，强制的
imperious / m p ri s / adj. 专横的
site
place n. 地方，地点，场所 普通用词，既可以指比较笼统的地方，又可以指某一具体的地点。
Put your money in a safe place。
site n. 地点，场所 既可指发生过重要或有趣事件的场所，也可指有专门用途的场地。
They pitched their tent at the camping site.
spot n. 地点 指相对范围较小的特定地点，尤指休闲场所。
The Summer Palace is the best spot for our picnic.
position n. 位置，方位 指某人、某物相对于其他人、物或地方而言所处的方位。
From his position on the balcony, he had a good view of the sea.
location n. 地点，位置 尤指相对于其他建筑物、地区等而言某人或某物所处的地理位置
No one knows the location of the hidden treasure.
scene n.现场 多指事故、罪案等不愉快事件发生的地点。
The police were on the scene within minutes.
took control of
【词块积累】
(1)under control 在控制之下
in control of 支配; 管理
in the control of 由……来控制
keep sth. under control 使……处于控制之下
(2)lose control of 对……失去控制
out of control 不受控制, 失去控制
It is…that 强调句
It is for it is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
本句是强调句式，强调了原因状语for this reason
1).It is +被强调部分+that /who +剩余部分。
2)强调句式的一般疑问句：Is/was +it+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分
3)强调句式的特殊疑问句：疑问词+is/was it that….
4)强调until 的强调句 ：It is /was not until ….that ….
注：在强调句式中，引导词用that。如被强调部分指人，可用who，其他一律用that.
It is…that 强调句
1.一般情况用It is(was) ……that…如：
He read four books in the library yesterday.
我们分别可以强调主语、宾语、地点状语和时间状语。
It was he who(that)read four books in thelibrary yesterday.
(强调主语)
It was four books that he read in the libraryyesterday.
(强调宾语)
It wasin the library that he read four books yesterday.
(强调地点状语)
It wasyesterday that he read three books inthe library.
(强调时间状语)
It is…that 强调句
2.一般疑问句的强调句为“Is (was) it that… ”；
特殊疑问句为：“特殊疑问词 is (was) that… ”结构。Was itten years ago that his father died
（他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？）
When isit that you will set off
（你到底什么时候出发？）
It is…that 强调句
1. 原句中的谓语动词时态是一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时或过去完成时等表过去的时态时, 用 It was... that... 。属于表现在的时态时, 用 It is...that... 。如:
It is the computer that is doing many jobs.
是计算机做了许多工作。
When was it that the Long March started
长征是在何时开始的
It is…that 强调句
2. 被强调部分无论是单数还是复数, It 后的动词均用单数形式, 即 is或 was。如:
It is they who have finished cleaning the classroom. 打扫完教室的人是他们。
It is…that 强调句
3. 被强调部分指人时, It is（was）... 后用 who, whom 或t hat均可; 指事物或情况时, 通常用 that（一般不用 when, where, which等）。如:
It was yesterday that he saw me in the park.
（不可用 when）
It is her whom you should ask. （还可用 who／that）
It was in the street that they quarreled. （不可用 where）
It is…that 强调句
4. 被强调部分如果是原句的主语, who／that 后面的谓语在人称和数上应与原句主语保持一致。如:
Itis I who am wrong. 错的人是我啊。
It was they that were talking and laughing.
是他们又说又笑的啊。
It is…that 强调句
5. 强调双宾语时, 无论是强调直接宾语还是间接宾语, 要根据适当情况加上介词 to 或 for 等。如:
It was a new dictionary that Tom gave to me last night.
＝Tom gave me a new dictionary last night.
汤姆昨晚给我的是一本新词典。
It was a red shirt that John bought for me as a birthdaypresent.
＝John bought me a red shirt as a birthdaypresent.
作为生日礼物约翰送我的是一件红衬衫。
It is…that 强调句
6.“not…until…”句型的强调结构为“It is not until…that…”应注意把否定词not转移到until前面。
I didn't go home until rain stopped.(直到雨停了我才回家)。
强调句为：It wasnot until rain stopped that I went home.
I didn't know the news untilyesterday.
(直到昨天我才知道那个消息)
强调句为：It was not until yesterday that I knew the news.
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
亚马孙热带雨林之旅
从库斯科出发的短途航班会带您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。从那儿，您将乘一天的船前往位于森林深处的住宿地。在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林独有的动植物。
unique
unique : adj. 唯一的，独一无二的，独特的，罕见的；
(某人、地或事物)独具的，特有的。
1、unique没有比较级，最高级的用法，只能用一些quite, almost, nearly, really之类的词修饰；
2、派生词：uniquely adv. 唯一地；uniqueness n. 唯一性，单一性，单值性，独特性，重要性
Each person's signature is unique.
每个人的签名都是独一无二的。
As a writer he has his unique style.
作为作家，他有自己独特的风格。
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
马丘比丘之旅
为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地后，您将有一天时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。尤其令人惊奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美贴合，即可稳固墙体。
amazing
【词块积累】
(1)amazed adj. 吃惊的; 惊讶的
be amazed that/how . . . 很惊讶……
be amazed at/by . . . 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do. . . 对做……感到惊讶
(2)amazement n. 惊讶, 吃惊
(much)to one’s amazement 令某人感到(非常)惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地, 吃惊地
全部倒装
Especially amazing is the Incas’dry stone method of building.
特别令人惊奇的是印加人的干石建法。
全部倒装
为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接更加紧密，可以把介词短语、形容词、或分词提于句首，并把句子的主语和谓语全部倒装。
method
Approach后面的to是个介词，要用名词，或者动名词
Way后面的to是不定式，要用动词原形
Method 后面用的介词是for，或者是of
Means 后面的介词是of
other than
Other than 除了；除了….以外（常用于否定结构中）
Eg:There is nobody here other than me.
You can’t get there other than by swimming.
He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.
除了我这里没有别人。
你只有游泳才能到达那里。
他除了向要东西，从不和我说话。
other than
rather than 而不是
less than 少于
more than 多于, 不仅仅是, 非常
选词填空(other than/rather than/less than/more than)
(1)They aim at quality __________quantity.
(2)Unfortunately, the marriage had lasted for ________two years.
(3)I will be _________happy to see improvements in this regard.
(4)I have not studied foreign languages _________English.
rather than
less than
more than
other than
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
库斯科之旅
在安第斯山脉上的库斯科畅玩四天，尽情享受独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科是13世纪至16世纪印加帝国的首都。您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、欣赏建筑物，品尝当地美食，并在当地市场购物。
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
的的喀喀湖之旅
沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新建公路，您可以欣赏到乡村美景。在那里，一艘小船将把您送至岛上的当地乌鲁斯家庭共度三天。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住房都是由湖中的水生植物建造而成的。
长难句理解
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
as 引导时间状语从句
现在分词作后置定语
沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新建公路，您可以欣赏到乡村美景。
现在分词作后置定语
It is a box-shaped musical instrument consisting of a folded central part with a keyboard, played by pushing the two ends towards each other.
它是一种盒子形状的乐器，由中间一个折叠的部分和一个键盘组成，通过将两端向中间推来演奏。
The national park has large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
现在分词表示主动作后置定语，相当于定语从句which ranges from butterflies to elephants.
Travel Peru
So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.
畅游秘鲁
所以，欢迎来体验秘鲁的万种风情：这里有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄，还有茂密的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。
Travel Peru
For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org.
畅游秘鲁
如需获得更多有关秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请与我们联系：tourinfo@travelperu. org。
contact
【词块积累】
(1)make contact with=get in/into contact with 与……取得联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
(2)be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系
contact
*For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org. (P27)
如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册, 请发电子邮件至tourinfo@travelperu. org.
Would you please keep in contact with me by email
你愿意用邮件与我保持联系吗
I’d hate to lose contact with my old school friends.
我不愿和旧时校友失去联系。
Write a Travel Plan
Reading for Writing
Dear Xiao Li,
My time here in China is going well. I love my new school and classmates. Over the October holiday, my parents and I are planning to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. I’ve heard that it is an amazing sight, and I can’t wait to go. To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable. It’s amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.
亲爱的小李，
我在中国一切都好。我喜欢我的新学校和新同学。十一放假期间，我和父母打算去西安参观兵马俑。我听说兵马俑是一个令人惊叹的景点，我已经迫不及待了。对我来说，兵马俑的故事简直令人难以置信。那里有8000多座俑像，直到20世纪70年代才为人所知，想想这一切，真是非常神奇。
he Terracotta Army
兵马俑
sight
【词块积累】
(1)catch sight of 看见; 瞥见
lose sight of 看不见……
come into sight 进入视野中
(2)at first sight 乍看起来; 一看见
at the sight of 一看见……
in/within sight 在视线内; 看得见
out of sight 看不见; 在视线外
We’re also planning to visit several other places in Xi’an. My dad and I are both looking forward to going to the Shaanxi History Museum, because my dad loves history and I have heard that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house”! We’re also going to the Xi’an City Wall and a few other famous sights.
我们还计划去游览西安的其他景点。爸爸和我都期待着参观陕西历史博物馆，因为我爸爸热爱历史，而我听说这家博物馆被誉为“中国宝库”！我们还打算游览西安古城墙和其他一些著名的景点。
is known as
1. He was known for his generosity. 他以慷慨大方而闻名。
2. He is known to the police. 警察都认识他。
3. She was well-known as an excellent dancer. 她是大家公认的出色的舞蹈家。
4. China is known for its long history in the world. 中国以其悠久的历史而闻名于世。
5. He is known for his kindness. 他的善良是出了名的。
6. He is known to everyone as a good actor. 大家都知道他是个好演员。
7. He is known as a fair judge. 大家都知道他是个公正的法官。
8. Thailand is known for its flourishing tourism. 泰国以其繁荣的旅游业而闻名。
We’re taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday begins. We’re arriving at 9: 30 a.m. and will start sightseeing right away, so I hope we sleep well on the train!
I guess that’s all for now! I’ll write again soon and send photos! Do you have any plans for the coming holiday Hope to hear from you soon.
Your friend, Richard
我们打算坐火车，在十一假期开始的前一天出发。上午9：30到达到西安之后，我们马上开始观光，但愿我们能在火车上睡个好觉！
我想今天就写到这里吧！我很快会再给你写信和发照片的！你对即将到来的假期有什么安排吗？希望收到你的来信。
你的朋友，
理查德
长难句理解
We’re taking the train, leaving the day before the October holiday begins.
现在分词结构作伴随状语
我们打算坐火车，在十一假期开始的前一天出发。
现在分词结构作伴随状语
现在分词和过去分词都可以~ 前者表示主动，后者表示被动。可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语，伴随状语、结果状语等。如：
作时间状语：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.
作原因状语：Living far from the company, I have to get up early every morning.
作结果状语： It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.
sightseeing
sightseeing [ sa tsi: ] n.观光，游览
[例句]Sightseeing attraction is making its debut : the local landfill.
如今一个新的观光景点当地垃圾填埋场已闪亮登场。
TERRACOTTA ARMY
Come and see the Terracotta Army：more than 8,000 statues were made in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qinshihuang! Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!
兵马俑
来参观兵马俑吧：公元前三世纪制作的8000多座俑像，守护着中国秦始皇的陵墓！每个俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。这些俑像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，而整座陵墓尚未完全发掘。当时，70多万人花了近40年时间才建成这座陵墓。然而，直到1974年几位农民打时(无意)发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道这座皇墓!
guard
guard
v. 看守；守卫；保卫；提防
n. 警戒；哨兵；防护装置；警卫；
【体】后卫
长难句理解
Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.
现在分词结构作结果状语
每个俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。
unearth
Unearth ：v，发掘，发现
A hidden chemistry lab dating back to the 1820s was unearthed during renovations at the University of Virginia.
维吉尼亚大学在整修过程中发现了一个十九世纪二十年代的隐秘的化学实验室。
A Michigan farmer unexpectedly unearthed mammoth bones on his property, buried in the soil beneath his wheat field.
美国密西根州的一个农民在自家麦田地底下意外地发现了猛犸象的骨头。
dig
dig
vt.（尤指用铲或锹）挖…的土；挖成；掘成；喜欢；理解；欣赏；
vi.挖土；掘地；挖掘；寻找；搜寻；调查；（尤指为迎考）苦学，苦干；居住；
n.挖；掘；考古发掘；刺；戳；捅；碰；讽刺；挖苦；
Be a Good Tourist
Workbook-reading
Be a Good Tourist
Tourism can be both good and bad. Yes, it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals, but it may also bring some problems.
做个好游客
旅游业有好的方面也有不好的方面。是的，它为当地经济带来了资金并且为当地人创造了大量就业机会，但也可能带来一些问题。
Tourism
Tourism 旅游业。
Saudi Arabia plans to relax restrictions on visas for Muslim pilgrims, hoping to boost religious tourism.
沙特阿拉伯计划放松对穆斯林朝圣者的签证限制，希望借此推动宗教旅游业的发展。
The number of tourists visiting Turkey fell by 28% in April from a year earlier, making it the biggest drop in 17 years for Turkey's tourism industry.
四月份土耳其接待外国游客的数量比一年前跌落28%，是土耳其旅游业17年来的最大跌幅。
brings in
“把某物或者某人带进来”
I don’t allow my kids to bring in sand or rocks because they will make a mess in the house.我不允许我的孩子们把沙子或者石头带进家里因为他们会在房子里弄得一团糟的。
“引进人才，经验等”
I think we should bring in someone professional to help us with the finance.
我认为我们应该引进一个专业的人来帮我们处理财务方面的事情。
We tried to bring in British players but it didn’t work.
我们尝试引进英国的球手，但是没有成功。
The experts bring in their experience and skills.
专家们引进了他们的经验和技术。
brings in
“赚钱，带来收入”
He brought in half of the company’s profit last year.
去年他一个人赚了公司一半的收入。
Now that you’ve been promoted, how much areyou bringing in each month
既然你已经被提拔了，现在每个月可以赚多少钱？
economy
“经济”
Tourism is an important part of the economy.
“节约”
This is an outstanding example of strict economy.
“节省的”
The gas fire was turned low for reasons of economy.
economic
“经济的”
In the current economic climate (=conditions), we must keep costs down.
“盈利的”
It is no longer economic to run the service.
economical
“经济的，节省的”
Environmentalists insist that polystyrene recycling can be economical.
“幽默的方式表示某人没有讲真话”
Members of his profession are often economical with the truth.
economics
“经济学”
He knows very little about economics or international finance.
“经济效益”
The economics of the project are very encouraging.
Be a Good Tourist
One growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited a destination. Tourists have used paint, rocks, or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, memorial stones at the bottom of Qomolangma, and many, many other places. Thousands of tourists sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death”.I have three words for people like this:please stop it. If you want to leave a mark on the world, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction(破坏).
做个好游客
一个日益严重的问题是游客们想证明他们去过一个地方。游客们在埃及的卢克索神庙、罗马的斗兽场、英国的巨石阵、珠穆朗玛峰底部的纪念石以及许多其他地方用颜料、石头甚至钥匙写字。成千上万的旅游景点被那些“爱死他们”的游客摧毁了。我有三个词给像他们这样的人：请别做。如果你想在这个世界上留下一个印记，用善良和爱来改变别人的生活，把善良传承给后代，而不是破坏。
growing
1）扩大，增加，增强（不及物动词）
The economy grew at a record 33.4% rate in third quarter.
第三季度经济增长率达到创纪录的33.4%。
It’s not a small business, it's a huge business, and this is growing all the time.
这不是一个小生意，而是一个大生意，而且这个生意一直在增长。
People and elephants are being forced into ever closer contact as the human population grows and wild habitat disappears.
随着人类人口的增长和野生栖息地的消失，人和大象正被迫进行更近距离的接触。
growing
2）长大，长高，发育，成长（不及物动词）
Musk grew up in South Africa and went on to study in Canada and then the University of Pennsylvania.
马斯克在南非长大，后来在加拿大和宾夕法尼亚大学学习。
Spring is the perfect time for delicate flowers to grow.
春天是这些娇嫩花朵生长的最佳时期。
growing
3）使…生长，种植（及物动词）
The colonizers apparently were not successful at growing crops or hunting.
殖民者们显然不善于种植庄稼或打猎。
In fact，Ecuador does not itself grow large quantities of coca leaf.
事实上，厄瓜多尔本国并不种植大量古柯叶。
Maybe I'll be able to grow my career or live in another country someday.
也许有一天我能去国外发展我的事业或者生活。
growing
4）逐渐变得；逐渐成为（系动词）
As he grew older, he went to Zhejiang University for higher education.
长大后，他去了浙江大学接受高等教育。
I could see she was growing weary of living this way for the past years.
我看得出她对过去几年这样的生活越来越厌倦了。
destination
Spain has overtaken Italy as the No. 1 destination for migrants crossing the Mediterranean to try to reach Europe.
西班牙取代意大利，成为移民穿越地中海，投奔欧洲的第一目的地。
Cathay Pacific Airways is launching two new destinations in the U.S., Washington and Seattle, raising its total U.S. routes to eight.
国泰航空公司准备新开两个美国终点站，华盛顿和西雅图，将其飞往美国的航线增加到八条。
Be a Good Tourist
Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing(打扰) the local people and life.Some tourists wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for their permission. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students and disturbing their studies.Another example is Sanlitun,a neighbourhood in Beijing,China. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate.Have fun in a way that does not disturb others.
做个好游客
一些地方的另一个大问题是游客打扰了当地居民以及他们的生活。一些游客在未经允许的情况下四处游荡，拍当地人。例如，泰国的清迈大学和韩国的延世大学都有大量的游客参观他们的校园，在图书馆和其他公共区域散步，给学生拍照，扰乱他们的学习。中国北京的三里屯是另一个例子。对于这样的游客我有三个词：请体谅。以一种不打扰他人的方式娱乐吧。
permission
n. 同意，许可；许可证，书面许可
without permission 未经许可
with one's permission 如果…允许的话
written permission 书面许可证；签单
ask for permission 征求许可；请求允许
planning permission （英）建筑许可证
give permission 准许
grant permission 准许
长难句理解
Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing,China.
名词做同位语
中国北京的三里屯是另一个例子。
Be a Good Tourist
The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws, and many more. The only way to solve the problem of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one! Be the best,kindest,most polite tourist possible. Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are representing(代表) your country to the rest of the world.
做个好游客
来自游客的问题层出不穷：成群结队地走而不考虑其他需要路过的人，横穿马路而不考虑当地的交通法规等。解决糟糕的游客问题的唯一办法就是确保你不是其中的一个！尽可能做最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客。记住，每当你走出国境，你就是在向世界其他地方代表你的国家。
one
one作代词可以代替上文中出现过的单数可数名词，以避免重复。相当于a(n) + 名词，具有泛指意义，其复数形式为ones。例如：
Could you show me a skirt A green one, I mean.
请给我看条短裙。我是说一条绿色的。
结构分析： you是主语，could show是谓语，me是间接宾语，a skirt是直接宾语。A green one是宾语，I是主语，mean是谓语。
— I’d like to have a scarf. 我要买条围巾。
结构分析：I是主语，would like to have是谓语，a scarf是名词词组，作宾语。
— We’ve got some black ones. 我们有一些黑围巾。
结构分析：We是主语，have got是谓语，现在完成时，some black ones是名词词组，作宾语，其中some和black是两个前置定语。
border
n.[C]1. 边缘,边沿2. 饰边,滚边3. 边界,边境,国界
They were near the border between France and Germany.
他们在法德边界附近。
vt.1. 形成...的边,围住 2. 与...有共同边界,与...接壤3. 为...镶边
The racecourse borders the city on the east.赛马场邻接东城。
She bordered her dress with silk.她用丝绸为她的衣服镶了边。
vi.1. 毗邻,接界[(+on/upon)]2. 近似[(+on/upon)]
Myanmar borders on India.
缅甸与印度接壤。
His remarks bordered on rudeness.他的言词简直是无礼。
A Visit to Pisa
Expanding Your World
A Visit to Pisa
Dear Sir,
Pisa is a fine old city. The houses are well-built; the streets open, straight, and well-paved; the shops well-furnished; and the markets well-supplied. There are some beautiful palaces. The churches are built with taste and well decorated. There is a stone wharf on each side of the Arno River(阿尔诺河), which runs through the city, and there are three bridges over it. The number of people there is rather small. This gives the place an air of wonderful quietness, which is very pleasant.
比萨一游
尊敬的先生，
比萨是一座美丽的古城。建造得很好的房屋；开阔、笔直的街道、铺砌得也好；装潢不错的店铺；供应充足的市场。这有许多漂亮的宫殿。教堂建得很有品味也装饰得很好。阿尔诺河两岸各有一个石头码头，贯穿整个城市，其上有三座桥。这儿人口相当少。这一切造就了比萨城的幽静氛围，非常宜人。
含well的复合形容词
well-chosen (word) 选择得当的（词语）
well-cut (suit) 剪裁得体的（服装）
well-done (job) 完成得很好的（工作）
well-drawn (character) 画得很好的（人物）
well-dressed (women) 穿着时髦的（妇女）
well-founded (building) 基础牢固的（建筑物）
well-known (scientist) 著名的（科学家）
well-spoken (man) 说话优雅的（人）
well-written (composition) 写得不错的（作文）
含well的复合形容词
well-behaved (student) 举止优雅的（学生）
well-intentioned (remarks) 善意（之语）
well-disposed (man) 待人很好的（人）
well-bred (girl) 有教养的（女孩）
well-balanced (diet) 营养全面的（饮食结构）
well-appointed (flat) 设备良好的（公寓）
well-advised (man) 明智（之人）
well-timed (stroke) 时机颇佳的（一击）
well-performed (play) 演出成功的（戏）
含well的复合形容词
well-conceived (plan) 设想很好的（计划）
well-planned (tour) 计划周密的（旅行）
well-guarded (secret) 保守很好的（秘密）
well-seasoned (soup) 味道调得很好的（汤）
well-lighted (office) 照明条件很好的（办公室）
well-set-up/well-built (man) 身体健壮的（男人）
well-founded (belief) 坚定的（信念）
well-proportioned (room) 匀称的（房间）
well-rounded (person) 丰满（之人）
含well的复合形容词
well-thought-of (teacher) 受人尊敬的（老师）
well-meant (actions) 善意（之举）
well-mannered (children) 有礼貌的（孩子）
well-prepared (dishes) 丰盛的（菜）
well-equipped (library) 设备很好的（图书馆）
well-liked (songs) 流行（歌曲）
well-fed (man) 吃得挺饱的（人）
well-trained (dog ) 训练有素的（狗）
well-featured (person) 面貌端正的（人）
含well的复合形容词
well-placed （signs） 设置好的（标志）
well-established (friendship) 基础牢固的（友谊）
well-organized (society) 组织良好的（社会）
well-informed (question)内行的（问题）
well-connected (people) 有好血统的（人）
well-furnished (house) 装修很好的（房子）
A Visit to Pisa
Of course, I visited the beautiful leaning tower, which is eight floors high, each having a round of columns, rising one above another. It leans so far on one side that if you dropped a stone from the top, which is 188 feet high, it would fall 16 feet from the base of the tower. I would have never dreamt that this would have happened for any other reason than an accident; but some people have said that it was done on purpose by the architect! Anyone with eyes can see that the columns on one side have sunk rather far. These leaning tower are not uncommon in Italy; these is one in Bologna(博洛尼亚), another in Venice(威尼斯), a third between Venice and Ferrara(费拉拉), and a fourth at Ravenna(拉韦纳).
比萨一游
当然，我参观了美丽的斜塔，它有八层楼高，每层楼都有一圈柱子，一根比一根高。它的一侧倾斜得如此之远，以至于如果你从188英尺高的塔顶扔下一块石头，它就距塔底已落下16英尺。除了意外，我做梦也想不到会发生这种事，但有人说这是建筑师特意的! 任何有眼睛的人都能看到一侧的柱子已经陷得相当深了。这些斜塔在意大利并不少见，一座在博洛尼亚，另一座在威尼斯，第三座在威尼斯和费拉拉之间，第四座在拉韦纳。
长难句理解
Anyone with eyes can see that the columns on one side have sunk rather far.
with的复合结构
任何有眼睛的人都能看到，一边的柱子已经沉得很远了。
宾语从句
A Visit to Pisa
A most interesting person you might meet in Italy is the Improvisatore; this is what they call certain people who have the surprising ability to make up poems on any subject you suggest. Mr Corvesi, my landlord, has a son who is amazingly good at this. When a subject is given, his brother picks up his violin to play along as he begins to make up poems with wonderful speed and skill. He will, at a minute's warning, recite two or three hundred beautifully written verses, with compliments to the listeners! The Italians are so fond of poetry that many of them have memorised the best parts of their great poets; these are the sources from which the Improvisatori take their rhymes, rhythms, and expressions.
Tobias Smollett
比萨一游
在意大利你可能会遇到的一个很有趣的人，是即兴诗人；这就是他们所说的某些有惊人的写诗能力人，能就你建议的任何主题作诗。我的房东科尔维西有一个儿子，他非常擅长这个。得到主题后，他能以惊人的速度和娴熟的技能写诗，而他的哥哥会拿起小提琴伴奏。只一会儿功夫，他就能背诵两三百优美的诗句，并向听众致意！意大利人如此喜爱诗歌，以至于许多人都能记住他们伟大诗人的最优美的诗句；这些都是即兴演讲学习韵律、节奏和表达的源泉。
托比亚斯 斯摩莱特
compliment
n: 赞美(话), 恭维(话), 向…送礼以表示敬意
vt: 表扬; 恭维
with compliments 敬赠
backhanded compliment 讽刺挖苦的恭维话
compliment away 赠送
arithmetical compliment 余数
compliment someone on 称赞某人的……方面
compliment
A sincere compliment boosts one's morale.
由衷的称赞可鼓舞一个人的精神。
Make sure you're not complimenting too much.
要确保你没有过分称赞。
These are all compliments I'm giving you.
我这是在夸奖你。
I’ll take my compliments where I can.
我需要赞美。
I wondered why he was paying me so many compliments.
我还在想他为什么要这么费劲的赞美我呢。
THANK YOU !
课文详解
新人教版2019必修一