初中英语重要知识点:冠词(超全面易懂)
15个练习题完全搞定冠词的基本用法
1. 冠词指不定冠词a,an和定冠词the
2. 不定冠词 a/ an
(1)不定冠词an用于元音发音开头的词前,a用于辅音发音开头的词前,如:
an English [' ɡl ] car, an apple [' p( )l] an uncle [' k( )l]
an eight-year-old [e t] boy an 800-word composition (n.作文) an hour ['a ] ,
an honest [' n st] boy
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
a useful ['ju:sf l] machine a university [ju:n 'v :s t ] a European[j r pi: n]
a method a sports meeting
【注意:元音发音开头的可数名词单词前用an,而不是元音字母开头;同样,辅音发音开头的可数名词单数前用a,而不是辅音字母开头;标红的为特殊的易错的冠词用法,需记忆】
(2)不定冠词的特殊位置
quite/rather + a/an +单数名词: It’s quite a difficult problem.
what/such/half + a/an +单数名词: She is such an honest girl
so +形容词+a/an +单数名词: She is so honest a girl
many a/an +单数名词: Many a student fails the exam. 许多学生挂科了
(3) a/an + 序数词不表示排序,而表示“又一;再一”。比如:
Could you please give me a second (another chance) chance
请再给我一次机会好吗?(前提是说话者已经被给过一次机会了)
3. 定冠词the的用法。
(1) 指上文提到过的人或物,用定冠词the。
(2) 在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the. 如:
the sun, the moon, the earth, the solar systerm, the North Pole (北极)
(3) the+序数词,表示方位的名词和形容词最高级前。如:
the first prize in the south of China the best student ,
【注意1】a/an + 序数词不表示排序,而表示“又一;再一”。比如:
Could you please give me a second (another chance) chance
请再给我一次机会好吗?(前提是说话者已经被给过一次机会了)
【注意2】序数词前面有所有格修饰时,不需要定冠词。比如:
It’s my third visit to Paris.
这是我第三次来巴黎参观。
(4) the+复数姓氏,表示××一家人,常看成复数,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.
(5) 在介词短语中常用定冠词the,如:in the box , behind the chair
(6) the +形容词或过去分词, 指这类人。如:
the wounded 伤员
the dying 垂死的人
the poor 穷人
the young 青年人
the unexpected 意向不到的事情
the dead 死者
(7) the + 西洋乐器,如: play the piano, play the violin
(8) the + 中国传统节日, 如: the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Spring Festival
【注意】国际节日不需要冠词,如:On Women’s Day, Children’s Day, Valentine’s Day
(9) the +比较级…,the + 比较级…,如:The harder you study, the better you’ll be.
4. 零冠词(即,冠词省略)。
(1)在星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如:
on Monday, in summer, in August, in 2000
【注意】请区别:in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指1945年的春天,故加the)
(2)一日三餐、球类、棋类运动名不用冠词。
如:have breakfast , play football, play chess
(3)一些固定词组中,如:go to bed , go to school, by bus , at night.
(4) 系动词turn +单数名词。如:
He turned astronaut at last. 最终他成为了宇航员。
He turned a great astronaut at last. 最终他成为了一名伟大的宇航员。
(5) 不可数名词前通常不加冠词。如:We can’t live without water.
(6) 国际节日前通常不加冠词。如:On Women’s Day, Children’s Day, Valentine’s Day
5. 在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,请注意区别。比如:
in front of 在…前面 in the hospital 在医院里
in the front of 在…范围内的前部 in hospital (生病)住院
take place 发生 go to school 去上学
take the place 代替 go to the school 到学校去
用适当的冠词填空,不需要冠词处填“/”。
1. They always have__________ bread for _________dinner.
2. We can see _____________ sun in the day and __________ moon at night.
3. ____________Kings will come to see you tomorrow.
4. This is my _____________ English class.
5. June 1st is ______________ Children’s Day.
6. On_____________ Sunday, they often play ___________ soccer.
7. Here’s ____________useful book to read.
8. There are sixty minutes in ____________ hour.
9. I had ____________unusual day on my last school trip.
10. There's ________ "u" and ________ "s" in ________word "use".
11. His father, who is _________honest man, is teaching in _________university.
12. You can have __________ second try if you fail _________first time.
13. This is __________ book that I told you about yesterday.
14. The children stood in circle and danced to music.
15. The workers will build __________800-metre-long bridge. It will be _________longest in that city.
参考答案
1. /; / (不可数名词、一日三餐名词前面不需要加冠词)
2. the/the(独一无二的名词前用the)
3. The (the跟姓氏的复数,表示xx一家人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式)
4. / (名词前面已经有物主代词修饰了,不能再加冠词)
5. / (国际节日前一般不加冠词)
6. / (星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词; 球类、棋类运动前不加冠词)
7. a(泛指,这里有一本可读的书;且useful的开头发音是辅音因素ju,故用a,不能看开头字母)
8. an(泛指,在一个小时之内;且hour的开头发音是元音因素au, 故用an)
9. an (泛指,unusual的开头发音是元音因素 ,故用an)
10. a; an; the(前两个空是泛指,u的开头发音是辅音因素ju,s的开头发音是元音因素e;在介词短语中常用定冠词the)
11. an; a(均泛指,honest开头发音是元音因素 , university开头发音是辅音因素ju)
12. a; the(a/an + 序数词表示“又一;再一”;序数词、方位名词、形容词最高级前用the )
13. the(名词被后置定语限定,通常为特指名词)
14. a(泛指,站成一个圈)
15. an; the(泛指,一座800米长的桥,800开头发音是元音因素ei; 形容词最高级前用the)