2023年英语中考总复习之近义词辨析

个性化辅导教案讲义
任教科目：英语
授课题目：近似词组辨析
年 级：九年级
任课教师：
授课对象： 第 2 次课
日 期： 年 月 日
个性化辅导教案
学生 年级 九年级 学科 英语 时间
教师 课型 一对一 教具 课次 第2次课
课题 中考考点：近似词组辨析
教学目标 学情分析 短语词组这块存在很大不足，对很多词组或者短语不是很了解，更无法从根本上区别。
目标表述 弄清楚本节课所学的近义词组知识点和区别，会运用
重点难点 重点:近义词组区别的记忆 难点:完形填空中的辨析
参考教材
教学流程及时间分配
学习检测（前提测评——进门测） 59错题 10分钟 10分钟 10分钟 15分钟 20分钟 20分钟 20分钟 20min 10min
学习辅导（目标导学） 阶段1：导入：上节课知识点回顾 阶段2：呈现 分阶段 10组词辨析 阶段3：运用（巩固拓展训练） 词形变换 阶段4：总结：回顾本节课知识点。
自我测试（目标反馈） 完形填空
四、课后作业：
五、教学后记
学科辅导讲义
授课对象 年级 九年级 学科 英语
授课教师 课型 一对一 时间 2h
授课题目 中考考点：近似词组辨析
教学目标 弄清楚本节课所学的近义词组知识点和区别，会运用
学习过程
学习检测（前提测评——进门测） 学习辅导（目标导学——新授课程） 1. all/ every Ⅰ. all 和 every 意思十分相近，二者都可用来泛指人或物。但all可与算数的名词连用，而every 只能与单数的名词连用。如： ① All Mondays are horrible. 星期一总是可怕的。 ② Every Monday is horrible. 每个星期一都是可怕的。 Ⅱ. all 和 every 也可用来指某一类东西中的个体。但all 后跟the 或其它“限定词”，而every后却不能。它往往强调无一例外的意思。 --She is eaten all the biscuits[‘biskit].她把饼干都吃光了 –What, every one 怎么，把每一块都吃光了吗？ –Every single one! 每一块全都吃了！ Ⅲ. all 还可和单数名词连用，表示every past of 而every却不能有此义。如： She was here all day. 她在这呆了一整天。 2. all/ whole Ⅰ. 二者意义（“全部、都、整个”）相同，然而词序不同。 Ⅱ. all用于冠词，所有格或其它“限定词”之前。 whole 则用于冠词之后。如： ① all the time. ────→the whole time.全部时间 ② all my life ────→the whole life.我的一生 ③ all this confusion ─→ this whole confusion.整个混乱状况。 Ⅲ. 如果没有冠词，或其它限定词，whole不能与单数名词连用。可以说： ① The whole city was burning.但不能说： ② Whole London was burning. Ⅳ.whole 和 all 与复数名词连用时意思不同。Whole 的意思为“全部”，而all的意思则近乎“每一个”如： All Indian tribes([traib]部首 ) suffered from white settlement in America. 所有印第安人部首都因白人移民美洲而遭殃。 ② Whole Indian tribes were killed off. 有些印第安人部落整个被杀光了。 Ⅴ. whole 一般不用来修饰不可数名词（包括物质名词） ① 可以说：all the money 或all the wine ② 不可以说：the whole money 或the whole wine. ③ The whole of = whole 与单数名词连用。它用于冠词、所有格之前。 the whole of the time. the whole of my life the whole of this confusion 3.allow/ permit/ let/ promise Ⅰ. allow“允许、许可”，一般指听任，或默许某人去做什么，含有消极地不反对的意味。如： ① We allowed him to depart.我们允许他离去。 ② Who allowed you to leave the camp 谁允许你离开营地的？ ③ I can’t allow you to do that.我不能允许你做那件事。 allow 也可表客气的请求。如 ① Will you allow me to use your pen 我可以用你的钢笔吗？ Ⅱ. permit “允许、许可”但是正式地许可，含有比较积极地同意某人去做什么的意味。如： ① I will permit him to do so. 我准备同意他这样做。 ② The sentinel permitted the strangers to pass when they had given the countersign. 当这群陌生人说出口令后，哨兵就允许他们通过了。 [注]：allow 与 permit 的涵义虽有差别，但在语言实践中，它们常常被通用着。如： ① Smoking is not allowed here.此处禁止吸烟。 ② Smoking is not permitted in this theatre. 本戏院里禁止吸烟 Ⅲ. let.“允许、让”它可以指积极地允许，但更多的是着重指不予反对和阻止其后所跟的宾语要接不带to 的不定式用以表示客气的请求时，可与allow通用。且更具有口语色彩。如： ① Her father will not let her go.她父亲不会让她去。 ② Don’t let this happen again. 不要让这种事发生了。 ③ Please let me know what happens.请告诉我发生些什么事。 Ⅳ. promise “答应” “允诺”。与以上三个词的意义不同，用于主体答应自己要作什么的场合。如： ① He promised to begin at once.他答应立刻开始。 ② I promised (him) to attend to the matter promptly. 我答应（他）立即处理这件事。 ③ They promised an immediate reply.他们答应立即答复。 4.alone/ lonely Ⅰ. alone adj. “单独的”只能作表语。如： ① I’m alone but I don’t fell lonely. 我单身一人但我从不觉得孤独。 ② 此外alone 还可作副词。相当于by oneself,“单独地”“独自” ③ I’ll go there alone.我将独自去那儿。 Ⅱ. lonely adj. “孤独的”“寂寞的”有时还可表示“荒凉的”“无人烟的”意思,与deserted意思相同。含有较浓的情感色彩。既可作定语也可作表语。如： ① We’re together most of the time, so we never feel lonely. ② a lonely / deserted island 5.aloud/ loud/ loudly Ⅰ. aloud adv. “出声地”有使能听得到的意味。如： ① Please read the story aloud. 请朗读这个故事。 ② They were shouting aloud.他们在高声地呼喊。 Ⅱ. loud. adv “高声地、大声地、响亮地”常指在说笑等方面。如： ① Don’t talk so loud. 不要如此高声地谈话。 ② Speak louder. 说得大声点。 Ⅲ. loudly adv. “高声地”有时与loud 通用，但含有喧闹的意味。如： ① Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。 ② Don’t talk so loudly（loud）. 不要如此高声地谈话。 6.for / from / since Ⅰ. 三者都能用来表示时间，但用法不同。 since “自从”，所表示的是一个时间点。可用作介词，也可用作连词，后接时间名词或短语，或引导时间状语从句；要求前面的谓语动词或主句的谓语动词必须用完成时态，要用延续性动词。而since引导的从句中的谓语动词通常应是短暂性的动词。若接时间，则应为点时间。如： ① He has worked there since1989. ② She has lived here since she moved here. Ⅱ. from “自从” 只用作介词，表一个事情的开始点，可用于过去、现在或将来的时态。如： ① They worked from 7:00 to 12:00 this morning. ② We have been good friends from childhood. Ⅲ. for 作为介词，后面接段时间，用于完成时、现在时、过去时和将来时，句中要用延续性动词。如： ① We’ll stay here for ten minutes.我们将在这儿呆10分钟。 ② They have studied English for three yeas. 7.another/ other/ more Ⅰ. 名词前表示具有增加意义的“还、再”，一般用 more 和 another. more放在数词之后，而 another 放在数词之前；有时也可以用 other, 但other具有“不同”之意。保留它本意“别的”。如： ① one more thing, one other thing, another thing都表示“还有一件事”之意，如： ② I want three more / other books. = I want another three books.我还要三本书。 ③ I stayed there three more days. = I stayed there another three days. 我在那儿又呆了三天。（这里不用other， 因day与day没有不同之意。 ④ We need three more / another three hands to do the job.我们还需要三个人做这项工作。 （这里不用other ， 因不强调人与人的不同。） ⑤ He works on the Great Green Wall with many other people. 他与别的许多人一块在绿色长城上工作。（ other 没有增加之意，表除自己以外的别的人。） 8.another/ the other/ other/ others/ the others Ⅰ. another 指不定数目中的“另一个、又一个” （三个以上）用来代替或修饰可数名词。如： I don’t think the coat is good enough. Can you show me another Ⅱ. other 泛指“另外的”修饰复数名词。如： We study Chinese, maths, English and other subjects. Ⅲ. others 泛指“另外的人或物”， 但不指其余的人或物的全部。如： Some like swimming, others like boating. Ⅳ. the other 指两个中的“另一个”如： He has two sons, one is in Shanghai, the other is in Beijing. Ⅴ. the others 特指某一范围内的“其余全部的人或物”如： There are thirty books on the bookshelf. Five are mine, the others are my father’s. 9. arise/ rise Ⅰ. rise “升起、起来”它表“起床”的意义时比get up 正式 ，但不如get up 常用。如： ① The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ② The Chinese people have risen to their feet. 中国人民站起来了。 ③ He rises very early. 他起床很早。 Ⅱ. arise “出现、发生”。它虽然可表“升起、起来、起床等意思，但现在一般不用于此义，特别是在口语中。如： ① A new problem has arisen. 出现了一个新的问题。 ② How did the quarrel arise 争吵是怎样发生的？ 10.as soon as/ hardly…when/ no sooner…than Ⅰ. 三者在意义上基本相同，都有“一……就……”，“刚……就……”，但它们各有其特点。 Ⅱ. as soon as 最为普通，位置灵活，可在主句前，也可在其后。且可用作多种时态。如： As soon as I went in , Kate let out a cry of surprise. 我一进去，凯特就惊讶地叫了一声。 ② I’ll tell him as soon as he comes back. Ⅲ. hardly… when…的主句通常 用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，when有时还可换成before.如： ① He had hardly finished his homework when the light went out. 他刚写完作业灯就灭了。 ② Hardly had I come back when they began quarrelling.我一回来他们就开始吵了起来。（hardly 提前时，句子需要倒装。） Ⅳ. no sooner…than…句型中， no sooner一般只置于句首，所以主句有倒装形式。如： No sooner had I known the news than I telephoned my mother. 我刚知道这个消息就打电话告诉了妈妈。 拓展训练 ( ) 1. Lily is upset these days. Do you know how to ______ her ______ cheer; up B. cheer; on C. pick; up D. put; away ( ) 2. Please _______these test papers to each student. A. give off B. give out C. give up D. give in ( )3. All the students must ____your homework before ten o’clock, or you will be punished. hand out B. hand in C. hand over D. hand on ( ) 4. Would you please _______ the music a little, Lily I am learning English. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on ( ) 5. The plane will _____ in a minute. Please fasten(系) your safety belt. take up B. take off C. take over D. take down ( ) 6. This math problem is very difficult, so I can’t ______it ______. A. work; out B. point; out C. set; up D. try; on 7. If you don’t know the meaning of the word, you can ___it___ in the dictionary. look; up B. look; into C. make; up D. dress; up ( ) 8. The old man _______ cancer at last. died from B. died of C. goes through D. ends with ( ) 9. ---What does your mother _______ ---She is tall and beautiful. look after B. look like C. look at D. look for ( ) 10. I don’t know how to _______my sad feeling. Can you help me do with B. deal with C. run after D. go over ( ) 11. I _______ my English teacher this morning while I was eating breakfast. came about B. came from C. came across D. came over ( ) 12. ---Shall I take you to the shopping center after school ---No, thanks. My father said he would ______ on his way home. look for me B. pick me up C. let me down D. take after me ( ) 13.—Why don’t you _______the correct spelling of the word —I’m sorry. I don’t have a Chinese-English dictionary at hand. look for B. look down C. look up D. look at ( ) 14. Have you _______ your new classmates yet had friends with B. made friend with C. got friend to D. made friends with ( ) 15—Would you mind ______ my baby while I am away —Of course not. looking for B. looking at C. looking after D. looking forward to ( ) 16.Tom, ______ your sunglasses. The sun is so bright. A. put on B. put up C. put away D. put down ( ) 17.---Could I speak to Lily, please ---_____ a minute. I will call her at once. Hold on B. Pass on C. Put on D. Hold back ( ) 18.I am sure those scientists will _____a way to solve the difficult problem. put up B. come up with C. look up D. come up ( ) 19.---Tim, ______ your T-shirt at once! It looks so dirty. ---Sorry, Mum. I was playing football the whole afternoon. take off B. take on C. put off D. put on ( ) 20.---Could you come to my home this weekend ---I’m afraid I can’t. I_____ look after my grandmother in hospital. used to B. have to C. prefer to D. belong to ( ) 21.The global financial crisis(金融危机) made many people_____ their money. A. to care for B. took care of C. be careful with D. to be cared about ( ) 22.These problems are too difficult to . A. work out B. look out C. hand out D. put out ( ) 23.---I’m sorry I can’t find the library book anywhere. ---I’m afraid you have to ______ it. send for B. call for C. pay for D. wait for ( ) 24.Tom moved to America last week. He must be_____ receiving my e-mail. A. looking for B. looking forward to C. looking after D. looking up ( ) 25. Jill doesn’t like the sunglasses because they can’t _____ the sun well. take out B. keep out C. clean out D. look out ( ) 26. It is impolite to _____ those people in trouble． A.1augh to B. 1augh with C. laugh of D. 1augh at ( ) 27. My grandmother________ us stories when we were young． A. was used to tell B. is used to telling C. used to tell D. was used to tell ( ) 28. Many old buildings were _______ and new buildings are being built. put out B. pulled down C. gone down D. fell down ( ) 29.---Tess, your books are in a terrible mess (凌乱)on your desk. ---I’m sorry. I’ll _________ at once. put them away B. put them out C. put them on D. put them down ( ) 30.More and more waste has ___ a lot of space. A. taken place B. taken away C. taken up D. taken off 56.English isn’t easy, so we have to make _________(we) keep working on it. 57.The teacher asked Tom how soon he _________(leave) for Nanjing. 58.Li Ming jumped _________(far) in our school sports meeting. 59.The PE class is so _________(life) that all of us like it very much. 60.They are all _________(support) of the film. 61.The old man was found _________(die) in the bedroom the next day. 62.I feel that it’s much _________(enjoy) to travel by train than by coach. 63.________(through) her acting years , she acted in many famous films . 64.By the day before yesterday, he _________(write) to him twice. 65.We are told __________ ( not laugh) at those disabled people . 66.We should take actions __(protect) the flood washing the village away. 67.More and more trees _____(plant) in the last few years in our country. 68.I have some difficulty _________(solve) these problems. 69.Tom’s little dog’s _________(die) made him feel sad. 70.You will be a lucky boy. You’ll _________(give) a lot of money. 四、目标反馈（总结——出门测） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever taken a tour of a zoo If so, it likely that the person who led you through the zoo helped you to learn a lot about the __1__． Amelia Rinas is a high school student who lives in Ohio． One day Amelia __2__ the Cleveland Metropark Zoo．The moment she saw the gorillas there, she left __3__ about them．She wondered if they were getting the right foods． Amelia read all she could about gorillas and learned what they like to __4__．Then she started a “gorilla garden”．She grows the fruits and vegetables that gorillas love to eat．Some of those foods are tomatoes, carrots, and strawberries． Amelia works with other volunteers in her community who use their __5__ time to help America and the gorillas．When they take the food to the zoo, the gorillas are thrilled．they look so excited! Who is responsible for Amelia’s interest in animals Amelia is a member of Roots & Shoots．Its members are young people who __6_ animals and the environment．They helped Amelia understand that animals need our care, too．The slogan on the Roots & Shoots Website is “Inspire, take action make a difference．” These words tell __7__ the group is all about．The group urges(力劝) kids and grown ups, including parents and teachers, to do what they can to make a __8__ where they live． When interviewed about her project, Amelia said, “I joined Root & Shoots __9__ I wanted to make a difference in the world．” There are many __10__ to make a difference in the world．Amelia Rinas’s gorilla garden has helped make gorillas happier and healthier． A．gardens B．foods C．plants D．animals A．opened B．bought C．visited D．started A．bored B．tired C．worried D．relaxed A．eat B．bite C．fight D．kick A．paid B．last C．extra D．lost A．care about B．look for C．run after D．laugh at A．when B．what C．how D．where A．living B．mistake C．note D．difference A．because B．but C．though D．unless 10．A．ways B．mysteries C．courses D．Inventions
五、学生反馈 1．本次课学到了什么： 2、学生本次课对老师的评价： ○ 特别满意 ○ 满意 ○ 一般 ○ 差 学生签字：
六、教师评定： 1．学生上次作业完成情况： 2．学生本次上课表现情况: 3．老师对本次课的总结： 教师签字：