外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 3 Family matters Understanding ideas 词汇精讲课堂课件(共41张PPT)

(共41张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本：新外研
单元：必修一 Unit 3 (Understanding ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. character：词源：来自希腊语 kharakter “刻下的印 记”，词源同carve。由此产生了 character 的词源义“符号、印记”。
2. approach：一词多义，基本义“接近”，come nearer
意为“处理……的方法”时与介词to搭配，
类似结构solution to, key to等。
3. chat：n & v (a) chat with sb about / over sth
4. focus：来自拉丁语fireplace，壁炉。古罗马时代壁炉 边即 focus 被认为是家庭生活的中心，引申为集中点、中心点。
5. lawyer：构词法law — lawyer
6. assume：表示“承担”时是正式用语
词块：assume responsibility for sth = take
responsibility for sth
派生词：assuming, assumption
7. respect：re- (back 向后，回) + specere (look at 看)
→ 再看、反复看→尊重
词块：show respect for, with respect to
词族：respect, respectable, respectful, respective,
respectively
8. studio：一词多义：录音棚；摄影棚；工作室
9. ignore：ig- (不、非) + -gnore (to know 知道、了解)。
即不知道的，引申词义“无知、忽视”。
10. professional：profession + -al
11. suit：派生词：suited, suitable
12. talent：同义词：gift
词块：have a talent for, a talent show
派生词：talented
talent词源故事
13. option：比choice稍正式
词块 have no option but to do sth
派生词 optional
14. curtain：词块：draw back / pull back / open the
curtains, draw / pull / close the curtains
15. generation：构词法：generate — generation
隐喻：产品的代，4G, 5G
词块：(bridge / narrow) the generation gap
(between … and …)
focus
一词多义
搭配义
词族
respect
assume
character
一词多义
approach
一词多义
一词多义
一词多义
suit
辨析义
重难点词
精讲
character 词源
character 来自希腊语 kharakter “刻下的印记”，词源同carve。由此产生了 character 的词源义“符号、印记”。
古代希腊人认为，环境和人的成长经历会在人的身心留下印记，从而使其具有与众不同的性格特征，因此 character 又衍生出“性格、个性、特征”的含义。在文学、戏剧等艺术作品中，作者通过对人物性格的刻画，从而塑造出个性鲜明的人物，这种“人物角色”也被称为 character。
楔形文字
甲骨文
竹简
character
[C] [常用单数] 性格：
She has a cheerful but quiet character.
[U] 特色；特性 the qualities that make sb / sth different from others (nature)：
The whole character of the school has changed since he became the president.
[U] (好的) 品性；道德品质 strong personal qualities：
Sports can be good for character building.
[C] 人物；角色：
cartoon characters
a leading character in a film
[C] 符号；文字：
a musical character
Chinese characters
性格
基本义
character
character 语义网络图
人的性格
事物与众不同的性格
人优秀的性格
体现书写性格的符号
书、影视中不同性格的人
性格
由人到物
语义缩小
特色；特性
(好的) 品性；道德品质
人物；角色
符号；文字
Watch your actions, they become habits.
行为决定习惯。
Watch your habits, they become character.
习惯决定品格。
Watch your character, they become destiny.
品格决定命运。
乘坐地铁或高铁，每当列车进站时，都会听见车站内语音提示：开往XX方向的（XX次）列车即将进站。英文表达是：The train bound for XX is approaching / arriving. 这里的approach就是“靠近”的意思，这也是approach的词源义和基本义，即“come near”。
生活中的approach
vt & vi (距离上) 靠近 (near)；(时间上) 临近； (数量上) 接近
to come near or nearer to sb / sth in space, time, amount, etc.：
approach v
Approaching the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. 2016 全国
As Teachers’ Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. 2012 陕西书面表达
The population of our province is now approaching 74 million.
走近
来临
接近
The staff soon found the new manager easy to approach. 2012 陕西
The students approach their teacher for advice.
vt 与……接洽 to speak to sb usually in order to ask for sth：
vt 处理 to start dealing with a problem, task, etc.：
What’s the best way of approaching this problem / matter / task
表示处理的词还有：
deal with, handle, address
[U] 靠近；接近：
the approach of autumn
The students stopped talking at the teacher’s approach.
approach n
[C] 通道；道路 a road or path, etc. leading to sth：
All approaches to the town were blocked.
[C] (处理……的) 方法；(达到……的) 途径 a way of dealing with sb / sth：
The job market has changed and our approach to finding work must change as well.
跟to搭配的常见名词有：answer, key, solution, visit, way, entrance, exit等
approach语义网络图
“靠近”距离、时间、数量等
“靠近”人
（由物到人）
v
n
（距离上）靠近；（时间上）临近；（数量上）接近
靠近；接近
与……接洽
通道；道路
处理
（处理…的）方法
（达到…的）途径
“靠近”距离、时间、数量等
“靠近”人
“靠近”事情
处理
靠近
基本义
focus词源
来自拉丁语fireplace，壁炉。古罗马时代壁炉边即 focus 被认为是家庭生活的中心，引申为集中点、中心点。
focus
■ n [C] & [U] (pl focuses / foci)
焦点；焦距：
The focus on my camera isn’t working properly.
中心点；关注点：
The focus of attention has changed.
We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customer.
成像的中心点
注意力的中心点
come into focus 成为焦点
in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的
out of focus 焦点未对准的；模糊不清的
vt & vi
(使) 调节焦距：
In this scene, the camera focuses on the actor’s face.
(使) 集中 (注意力、精力等)：
The other team was brilliant and we really had to focus.
focus (...) on / upon 集中 (…) 于；聚焦 (…) 于：
By focusing on saving oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste. 2014 福建
同义异构：concentrate
assume
将下列句子译成英语。
我本以为他是法国人，但是实际上他是德国人。
I ______________ a Frenchman, but actually he was a German.
thought he was
had assumed him to be
assume vt
[正式用语] 担任；承担 (take)：
assume office
I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.
假定；设想 to think that sth is true, although you have no proof：
We think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
It is generally assumed (that) stress is caused by too much work.
Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. 2009 江苏
通过英语释义来理解
辨析assume, suppose
assume 假定；设想 to think that sth is true, although you have no proof
I just assumed that the woman standing next to Jack was his wife.
suppose 认为；猜想 to think that sth is probably true, especially because of some information you have
There are many reasons to suppose that Shakespeare was familiar with the stories of medieval Italy.
suppose多用于书面语或正式用语中。
没有依据
有依据
assuming conj 假设；假定：
Assuming (that) you’re chosen to be the leader, what will you do
assumption n [C] 假定；假设：
We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.
词汇拓展
respect词源re-：“回，向后；再”spect：“看”respect：“再次看”“尊重”词源义：look back at, regard, considerfrom re- “back +spect“look at” 尊重；尊敬：The media should respect famous people’s privacy. 遵守：respect the law遵守法律respectvt通常不用于进行时熟词生义：尊重法律、规章制度等■n [U]尊敬；尊重：show respect for sbwin the respect of [复数][正式用语]问候：Give my respects toyour father. [C]关系；方面：In this respect, new technologies have shaped our culture.同根词
spect
（看）
to look
inspect v 检查 (in- 入)
expect v 期待 (ex- 出来)
suspect v 怀疑 (sus- / sub- 在下面)
prospect n 前景 (pro- 前)
aspect n 方面 (a-: 加强意义)
suit, fit, match 句中悟
1. Red and black are colours that _____ me very well.
2. The seven o’clock train will _____ us very well.
3. Her coat _____ (her) exactly.
4. All the facts certainly _____ your theory.
5. The curtains and the carpets ______ perfectly.
6. Do you think these two colours ______
7. a perfect ______
suit
suit
fits
fit
match
match
match
1. match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配、协调。
2. suit 主要指款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、身份，对……方便等。
3. fit 多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”、“吻合”。
suit, fit, match 总结
随堂检测
character
一、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
1. My mom is a woman of great character who puts everyone’s needs before her own. _______
2. An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character. (2011 湖北改) _______
3. At the last moment, Tom decided to put in a new character to make the story seem more likely. (2013 全国) _______
4. The town is so beautiful! I just love it. The character of the town is well preserved. (2013 江苏) _______
5. Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters. (2016 全国) _______ __________
品性
性格
角色 / 人物
特色
文字
二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health.
It may also be good for ___________________ (良好品格的培养). (2009 湖北改)
2. Any filmmaker will tell you that they can’t make a movie without good ___________________ (实力派演员).
3. Julia Roberts _______________________________ (演主角) in the movie.
4. The two brothers were totally ___________________ (性格不同).
character actors
different in character
character building
played the main character
一、写出下列句子中approach的汉语释义。
______________ 1. A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and approached our table. (2013 陕西)
______________ 2. It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way.
______________ 3. I always approach my parents for help.
______________ 4. The temperatures are approaching 37 C.
靠近
处理
与……接洽
接近
approach
二、根据所给汉语用 approach 完成句子。1. I’d like to talk about ___________________________ (处理困难的方法) in learning.2. There were differences in______________________________________ (他们教育孩子的方法).3. I expect ______________________ (秋天的来临).4. There is a ______________________ (去市里的新路).my approach to difficultiestheir approach to educatingthe approach of autumnnew approach to the citytheir childrenfocus
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed (揭露) about human nature (2015 湖北) _________
2. I think Dave likes to be the focus of attention. _________
3. These topics have recently come into focus. _________
4. The children’s faces are badly out of focus in the photograph. _________
聚焦；关注
关注的焦点
成为焦点
模糊不清
将下列句子译成英语。
1. 普遍认为，压力为工作过重所致。
_____________________________________________
2. 在失业率和犯罪率高的地方，我们可以假定高犯罪率是由高失业率造成的。
Where unemployment and crime are high, _________________________ the latter is due to the former.
assume
It is generally assumed (that) stress is caused by too much work.
it can be assumed that
一、填入适当的介词完成下列各句。
1. His work is good _________ respect of quality.
2. Children should have respect _________ their grandparents. (2014 广东阅读改)
3.________ respect to your other suggestion, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.
in
for
With
respect
二、写出下列句子中respect的汉语释义。
When visiting another country, you should be
aware of those differences and respect them. (2014 重庆完形) ______________
2. She respected him for his honesty. ______________
3. The new leader has promised to respect the constitution (宪法). ______________
尊重
尊敬 / 敬重
遵守
suit, fit, match
选出适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
(suit, fit, match)
1. Mary: Mike, how do I look in these blue jeans
Mike: Wow, great! They really _______ you, Mary! (2014 四川)
2. Only Cinderella’s foot ______ perfectly and so the prince chose to marry her. (2014 福建)
3. If you can find whatever learning method that _____ you, your learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably. (2011 上海)
4. — The shoes are too tight.
— Well, they do ______ your dress.
suit
fit
suits
match
谢
观
谢
赏