外研版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 4 Friends forever Starting out and Understanding ideas 词汇精讲课堂课件（35张））

(共35张PPT)
版本：新外研
单元：必修一 Unit 4 (Starting out — Understanding ideas)
词
汇
课
堂
本单元词汇梳理
1. familiar：词块：be familiar with sth / to sb
反义词：unfamiliar
2. adventure：抽象名词具体化
3. prefer：英语释义：like … better
用法搭配：prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth, prefer to do /
doing sth, prefer sb to do sth
4. lose track of：拓展：keep track of
5. deliver：快递；一词多义：基本义“递送”
词块：deliver sth to, deliver a speech
派生词：delivery, a delivery man
6. advance：一词多义：基本义“前进”
advance词块：in advance (of)
派生词：advanced (分词形容词)
7. significantly：significant (有重大意义的；显著的) + -ly
8. click：拟声词（点击的声音）
9. enable：en- (使) + able
词块：enable sb to do sth
10. unusual：un- + usual
词块：it’s (not) unusual for sb to do sth
11. tend：同形异义词：两个释义源自不同的词
① 词源义“延伸”
② 照料：是attend的缩略形式
词块：tend to do sth, tend to / towards, tend to sb
12. update：up + date
13. saying：say + -ing
词块：as the saying goes / is
14. acquire：正式用语 (对应get)
熟词生义：买到；购得
15. prove：词块：prove sth to sb, prove (to be) + adj / n
16. diagram：词源：dia (across, through 穿过) + gram (write, mark, draw 写；图；画) → 图表
deliver
advance
tend
英语释义
搭配义
一词多义
精准的汉语释义
重难点词
精讲
一词多义
prove
搭配义
同形异义词
一词多义
英语释义
prefer
maintain
搭配义
prefer
like … better尤用于口语，而prefer不仅在口语中常用，在书面语中也常用。
like … better than …
prefer … to …
I like our new teacher better than the one we had before.
I prefer our new teacher to the one we had before.
比较下面两个句子：
prefer
vt [不用于进行时] 更喜欢；更愿意：
She prefers her coffee black.
① prefer sb / sth to do sth:
I’d prefer you to start early.
学习英语如果不懂背后的文化，那么就会很吃力，尤其是背后的引申义让人匪夷所思。white coffee 按字面意思就是白色咖啡，但是千万不要这样翻译，white coffee是一个引申的短语，意思是牛奶咖啡。
white coffee西方人解释是加牛奶或者稀奶油的咖啡； black coffee也不是黑色咖啡的意思，而是原汁原味不加牛奶或糖的浓咖啡。
英美文化大讲堂
confidence man; black tea; old cat
Would you like black or white coffee
② prefer to do sth / doing sth:
Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet. 2013 安徽
I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sunday.
③ prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth:
I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.
I would prefer reading books to watching television.
preference n
[C] & [U] 偏爱；优先 (权)：
A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils.
[C] 偏爱的事物 / 人：
Wine or beer Which is your preference
preferred adj 首选的；有优先权的
【词汇拓展】
生活中无处不在的deliver
deliver的基本义就是“递送”
deliver v
We promise to deliver free of charge within 48 hours.
vt & vi 递送；传送 to take goods, letters,
packages, etc. to a particular place or person：
I usually have fast food delivered to my office.
2018 全国
vt 发表；表达；讲 to give a speech, talk, etc.
or other official statement：
vt 接生；使分娩：
Her husband had to deliver the baby himself.
deliver a speech / lecture
【词汇拓展】
delivery n [U] & [C]
递送 (的物品)：
a delivery man
We’ll post this package special delivery.
分娩；生产
递送deliver
基本义
递送物体
递送演讲、报告等
医生递送新生儿
递送；传送
发表；表达；讲
接生；使分娩
递送 (的物品)
分娩；生产
delivery
deliver语义网络图
He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。
advance
vi (尤指士兵) 前进；向前移动：
The army advanced across the plain.
vt & vi (使) 进展；(使) 进步：
This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
vt & vi (时间) 提前；(价格) 上涨；预支 (钱)：
The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1.
We are willing to advance the money to you.
advance
■ v
advance 词源义：前进 → 基本义：前进
vt 促进；推动 (further)：
She decided to go back to college to advance her career. 2020 山东
vt［正式用语］提出：
advance an idea / a theory / a plan
advance
前进
基本义
位置“前进”
科技、知识等“前进”
时间“前进”
价格“前进”
支付“前进”
(尤指士兵) 前进；向前移动
(使) 进展；(使) 进步
(时间) 提前
(价格) 上涨
预支 (钱)
advance语义网络图
事业等“前进”
理论等“前进”
提出
促进；推动
advance ■ n
[U] 前进
[C] 进步；进展：
make great advances
technological / scientific / medical advances
[C] [常用单数] 预付款：
pay sb a $500 advance
对应动词释义记忆名词释义
in advance (of ) 提前 (于……)；预先 (于……)：
Thank you in advance. 2013 全国书面表达
When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. 2011 北京
重点词块
advanced adj
先进的；高级的：
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. 2015 北京
(课程) 高深的；高级的:
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary
【分词形容词】
维持；保持 to make sth continue at the same level, standard, etc.：
Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. 外研新必修① – 4
维护；保养 to keep sth in good condition by checking and repairing it：
maintain machinery
He is responsible for maintaining all the buildings.
坚持认为 to keep saying that sth is true even when others disagree or do not believe it (insist)：
He maintained that such things should never be done again.
maintain R3 vt
maintain
维持
基本义
“维持”
关系等
“维词”建筑物、机器等
维持；保持
维护；保养
maintain语义网络图
“维持”
意见
坚持认为
tend1 vi［用于以下惯用语］
tend to / toward(s) sth 倾向于……；有……的趋势：
The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends toward light music.
tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会做某事 to usually do or be sth：
I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
Readers tended to share articles that were exciting or funny. 2016 全国
tend2 vt & vi 照料；护理：
tend (to) the sick 护理病人
I would like to tend the store for you while you’re away.
attend的缩略
来自词根ten- (to stretch 延伸)
同形异义词
vt 证明；证实：
Riis believed that poverty caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. 2008 陕西
① prove sth to sb:
Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you.
注：表示向某人证明某事时应该用 prove sth to sb，而不能用 prove sb sth。
② prove sb / sth (to be) + adj / n:
They put me in prison, but, in the end, I was proved innocent.
He proved himself (to be) a better driver than the world champion.
prove v (proved, proved / proven)
③ prove + (that) / wh-从句：
Sarah wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 2017 全国
The challenge proved how difficult it is to drive across a desert without guidance.
④ it is proved that:
It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
⑤ prove oneself (to sb):
When I first started this job, I felt I had to prove myself.
［用作系动词］证明是；被发现是 (turn out)：
① prove + adj / n:
The book has proved very successful.
② prove to be sth:
He proved to be an honest friend.
随堂检测
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I’d prefer _____________________ (travel) by train.
2. I prefer my English classes _______________ (teach) in English only.
3. I prefer going out for a more active life on Sundays to _________ (stay) at home all day.
二、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
1. Some people _________________________ (喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山).
2. My parents _____________________________ (更喜欢早起) in the morning. (2014 四川阅读)

travelling / to travel
to be taught
staying
prefer walking to climbing
prefer getting up / to get up early
prefer
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. When delivering any bad news, they will share the feeling of the receiver.
(2009 浙江改) _________
2. The baby was delivered safely on Tuesday night. _________
3. He was employed at the store as a delivery man. _________
传递
接生
二、在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. We packed up our old computer and delivered it ________ my parents’ home.
2. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home __________ (deliver)
service.
三、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. The president will ___________________ (发表演说) about schools.
2. Your lunch will ________________ (被送到) the front gate of the center at 12:30.
送货员
to
delivery
deliver a speech
be delivered to
deliver
一、翻译下列词块。
1. 预先订购
_____________________________________________________
2. 取得很大进展
_____________________________________________________
3. 科学进步
_____________________________________________________
4. 提前 (于……)；预先 (于……)
_____________________________________________________
advance booking / book in advance
make great advances
scientific advances / advances in science
in advance (of)
advance
二、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
We live in an age of ________________________ (技术飞快进步). (n)
2. The army _________________________________ (正向城市前进). (v)
3. _________________________ (我们取得了很大的进步) in
our knowledge of the universe. (v)
rapid technological advance
is / was advancing on / towards the city
We have advanced greatly
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The two countries have always maintained close relations. _________
2. Some people maintain that watching violence (暴力) on TV is one of the main causes of crime (犯罪) in society. (2008 上海改) _________
3. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler (喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). (2018 天津) _________
maintain
维持
坚持认为
维护
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Boys tended _________ (play) with more complex puzzles than girls. (2020 全国)
2. Sofia was in the bedroom tending _________ her sick mother.
3. More and more children tend __________ obesity (肥胖).
tend
to play
to
to / towards
翻译下列句子。
1. 给我一个机会，我会证明给你看。
Just give me a chance and _______________________.
2. 事实证明了这本书非常成功。
_______________________________________
3. 经证实，童年时吃蔬菜有助于日后不生大病。
_________________________ eating vegetables in childhood
helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
prove
I’ll prove it to you
The book has proved (to be) very successful / a great success.
It has been proved that
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