外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 学案Unit 4 Friends forever 单元考点突破

名师原创：Unit4 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的
【原句再现】
When I’m away in places new, with no familiar faces in view, I gives me pleasure to think of you and the adventures we’ve been through.
【词块积累】
unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓
sb. be familiar with sb./sth. 某人熟悉某人或某物
sth/sb. be familiar to sb. 某物对于某人来说是熟悉的
【精品例句】
They are already familiar faces on our TV screens.
他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了
I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar to most readers.
我以圣诞节为例，是因为大多数读者对这个节日很熟悉
The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland.
你最熟悉的主题公园大概是迪士尼乐园
【高考链接】
Thomas Edison was familiar ____ the people all over the world. (广东卷.语法填空)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）
These young people are all familiar _____ these hot words online. (with)
The story book are familiar _____ us. (to)
2. track vt. 跟踪，追踪；n.足迹，轨道，车辙，小路，跑道
【原句再现】
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends
【词块积累】
follow one’s tracks 跟踪某人
a single/double track 单/双轨
track events 径赛项目
keep track of…与…保持联系；了解…动态
lose track of…失去…线索；与…失去联系；忘记
【精品例句】
We saw wild animals’ tracks near the cave. 在岩洞附近，我们看到了野生动物的足迹
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track.
我只要沿着一天泥泞的小路不行几分钟就到学校了
They ran five times round the track. 他绕跑道跑了五圈
They read the newspapers every day to keep track of current events.
他们每天阅读报纸，以了解时事
The police have lost track of the criminals. 警方已失去罪犯的线索
I had so much fun that I lost track of time. 我玩得很愉快，以至于忘了时间
【高考链接】
At last, I lost track ____ my good friend. ( 陕西卷) (of)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）
I have been keeping track ___ Mary in England for these years. (of)
3. prefer vt. 较喜欢；更喜欢；喜欢……多于……;
【原句再现】
How do you prefer to make friends.
【词块积累】
preference. 喜爱；偏爱；优待；优先
show/have preference for偏爱…
prefer to do sth/prefer doing sth. 更想做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 更想让某人做某事
prefer A to B比起B更喜欢A. to为介词A，B既可以是名词也可以是动名词
prefer to do A rather than do B. 宁愿做A不愿做B=would rather do A than do B
=would do A rather than do B
【精品例句】
I prefer walking/to walk alone after a day’s work.
I prefer you to drive, if you don’t mind.
They preferred good news to bad.
I prefer singing to acting.
As a teacher, he should not show preference for any of his students
【高考链接】
We can eat out if you like, but I would _____ (preference) to stay in. （陕西卷）(prefer)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I prefer the red dress _____ the green one because it fits me better. (to)
I would prefer _____ (read) books to watching TV. (reading)
4. thanks to… 多亏，幸亏，由于
【原句再现】
Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.
【词块积累】
Thanksgiving 感恩节
thanks for…谢谢…
many thanks/thanks a lot. 多谢
bow one’s thanks 鞠躬致谢
no thanks to…并非由于…
【精品例句】
Thanks for your advice. 谢谢你的建议
Thanks to his help, my speech was so successful that everyone cheered for me.
多亏他的帮助，我的演讲才如此成功，人人都为我喝彩
【高考链接】
Thanks ___ your help yesterday. (江苏.语法填空) (for)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）
Thanks ____ your warning, he escaped being hurt. (to)
5. advance vt & vi (使) 进展；(使) 进步；(尤指士兵)前进；向前移动；(时间) 提前；(价格)上涨；预支(钱)；n. 进步；进展
【原句再现】
Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.
【词块积累】
advanced adj. 先进的；高级的
make great advances取得很大进展
technological/scientific/medical advances技术/ 科学/医学上的进步
in advance (of) 提前(….)；预先(…)
advance warning/planning/booking 预先警告/计划/订购
【精品例句】
The army advanced across the plain.军队前进穿过平原
We have advanced greatly in our knowledge of the universe.
我们对宇宙的认识取得了很大的进步
This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
这项研究非常有助于我们提高对语言学习的认识
The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1.
会议日期已从7月10日提早到7月日
We are willing to advance the money to you.我们愿意把钱预支给你
Name three advances in science and technology al this time.
说出这段时间的三项科技进步
Thank you in advance. 先行致谢
We received no advance warning of smog. 我们没有收到雾霾预警
【高考链接】
This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. (湖北课改卷) (in)
Thanks to the ______ (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. (北京卷) (advanced)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
When students were told my rule ______________ advance of the class, some of them were not happy. (in)
She was educated at Beijing University those years, after which she went on to have her __________ (advanced ) study abroad. (advanced)
6. tend vt & vi照料; 护理; 倾向; 趋
【原句再现】
On social media, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
【词块积累】
tendency n. 趋势; 倾向
tend to/toward(s) sth. 倾向于; 有…的趋势
tend to do sth. 易于做某事;往往会做某事
tend (to) the sick 护理病人
display artistic tendencies 显示出对艺术的偏好
criminal tendencies 有犯罪倾向
【精品例句】
The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends toward light music.
我所听的音乐形形色色，不过 一般都是轻音乐
I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
在读或听的时候，我往往会在头脑中形成图像
I would like to tend the store for you while you're away.你不在时我愿意替你照看店铺。
a tendency towards/to regional cooperation地区性合作的趋势
He has a tendency to forget things.他好忘事。
【高考链接】
The Swiss tend ____ (be) formal and address each other by last name. (浙江) (to be)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)
There is a tendency _____ regional cooperation. (towards/to)
7. throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛
【原句再现】
But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.
【精品例句】
When we deal with many things, we should not throw the baby out with the bathwater.
我们在处理许多事情的时候，不应该不分良莠一起抛
8. prove vt. 证明; 证实；(用作系动词) 证明是; 被发现是
【原句再现】
The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to prove that making friends was easier in the past.
【词块积累】
prove sth to sb.向某人证明某事, 此时不能说prove sb. Sth.
prove sb /sth (to be) +adj/n 证明某人/某物是…
prove + that/wh-从句…..证明….
it is proved that…据证实/证明…; 经证实…..
prove oneself (to sb) （向某人）证明自己
【精品例句】
Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you. 给我一个机会，我会证明给你看
They put me in prison, but, in the end, I was proved innocent.
他们把 我关进监狱，但我最终被证明是清白的
These statistics prove that gathering information is the primary use for the Internet.
这些统计数据证明 网络的主要用途是收集信息
The challenge proved how difficult it is to drive across a desert without guidance.
这个挑战证明在没有引导的情况下开车穿越沙漠是多么的困难
When I first started this job, I felt I had to prove myself.
我刚开始干这份工作的时候，觉得必须证明一下自己的实力
He proved (to be) an honest friend.事实表明他是一个诚实的朋友
【高考链接】
It _____ (prove) that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (陕西卷) (has been proved)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
事实证明了这本书非常成功
(The book has proved (to be) very successful.)
他证明了自己的驾驶技术胜过世界冠军
(He proved himself (to be) a better driver than the world champion.)
9. anxious. adj. 焦虑的；不安的
【原句再现】
Patience refers to the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angry..
【词块积累】
anxiety. n. 焦虑，不安.
an anxiety disorder 焦虑症；
wait with anxiety 焦急地等待；
be in great anxiety 非常担忧；
anxiety for knowledge 求知欲
adv. Anxiously 忧虑地，不安地
be anxious about sth. 为某事忧虑；
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事；
be anxious for sb.为某人担忧
【精品例句】
His anxiety to win the vote was obvious. 很明显，他渴望赢得选举
Tom was anxious about his mother’s health. 汤姆为母亲的健康
Alice was anxious to meet you yesterday. 昨天爱丽丝渴望见到你
【高考链接】
My mother always gets a bit _____ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.（山东卷）
A. anxious B. ashamed C. weak D. patient （A）
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He was anxious ____ his family, who were travelling abroad. (for)
The manager is ____ (anxiously) to make sure that the situation is under control. (anxious)
We waited _____ great anxiety for more news about the accident. (with)
10. postpone. 推迟，使延期
【原句再现】
Andy and Clara thought about postponing their trip.
【词块积累】
postpone
= delay
= put off 三个词和短语后面接名词或动名词
【精品例句】
We’ll have to postpone the meeting until/to next week.
我们不得不把会议推迟到下周
Let’s postpone making a decision until we have more information.
我们等有更多信息之后再做决定吧
They made a decision to delay holding the meeting. 他们决定推迟举行会议
Her putting off holding her wedding was wise. 她推迟她的婚礼是明智的
【高考链接】
The committee has postponed _______ (hold) the important meeting （江西卷）(holding)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
Please postpone _____ (send) an answer. (sending)
11. fortune n. 机遇，运气；时运，命运；财产，大笔的钱
【原句再现】
The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.
【词块积累】
Tell sb’s fortune 给某人算命
Make a fortune=make one’s fortune 发财，发迹
A large fortune 一大笔钱
【精品例句】
If you don’t work hard, no fortune will come. 如果你不努力，机会是不会来的
What will be our fortune 我们的命运如何？
He received a large fortune when his uncle died. 他叔父去世时， 他得到了一大笔钱
The fortune set him free from financial worries. 这笔钱使他不必为经济问题担忧
【高考链接】
The Chinese dragon is a bringer of good _______ (fortunate). (陕西卷. 语法填空)
(fortune)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He dreamed of making his ______ (fortunately) and receiving a lot of money. (fortune)
12. ought to do sth. 应当/应该做某事，表示义务，忠告，无时态和人称变化，与should do sth. 同意
【原句再现】
We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked our and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.
【词块积累】
ought to have done sth. ① 本应该做却没有做某事 ② 表示推测，应该已经做…
【精品例句】
Teachers ought to be honored. 教师应该受到尊敬
Ought I to write to say thank you 我应该写信表示感谢吗？
You ought to have listened to the warnings. 你要是听了劝告就好了
I ought to have done it. 我本不该做那件事
He ought to be feeling better by this evening. 他今天应该会感觉好点
My son ought to have left for Japan by now. 我儿子现在应该已经动身去日本了
【高考链接】
John ought to ____ (attend) the meeting yesterday, but he was ill. (广东卷.语法填空) (have attended)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
She ought to _______ (sleep) now. (be sleeping)
13. turn up. 出现，到达；（声音）调大；卷起
【原句再现】
I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.
【词块积累】
Turn down (声音) 调小；拒绝
【精品例句】
He promised that he would come, but he hasn’t turned up yet.
他承诺回来，但还没出现
Turn up the radio so that I can hear the program.
把收音机音量开大点，好让我听到这个节目
Turn up your trousers’ legs and they won’t get wet. 把裤腿卷起来，他们就不会湿了
【高考链接】
The meeting began an hour ago, but he didn’t ___. (全国卷)
A. turn in B. turn up C. turn down D. turn off (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Please turn ______ the TV set. I can’t hear the host clearly. (up)
14. strike vi & vt . 打; 撞击；(时钟等)敲响; 报(时) ；(灾害、疾病、不幸等) 突然降临; 突然袭击； 打动;给--以印象; (使) 突然想到 / 想起; 罢工; n.罢工
【原句再现】
When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago..
【词块积累】
striker n.罢工者;(足球的)前锋;(棒球 的)击球手
striking adj.惊人的;.显著的;引人注目的
strike a deal达成协议
strike a match 擦燃火柴
strike a balance两者兼顾;达到平衡
strike sb. as (being..) 给某人的印象是…
it strikes sb. + that从句… 突然想到…一下想起…
【精品例句】
The ship struck a rock.船触礁了
The boy fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.男孩摔了一跤 ，头撞在桌沿上
The church clock began to strike twelve.教堂的钟 开始敲12点
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.
上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪灾
We were struck by her kindness.我们被她的善良所打动
What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.
给我印象最深的是当地人的热情
He strikes me as (being) a very serious person. 他给我的印象是一个非常严肃的人
The solution struck me immediately. 我一下想到了解决的办法
The bus drivers were striking for more money. 公共汽车司机罢工要求增加工资
He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.
他发现家庭和工作两者很难兼顾
【高考链接】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The workers will go ___ strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. (江苏卷)
(on)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It ____ (strike) me that we might have made the wrong decision. (struck)
15. ashamed adj.(不用于名词前) 羞耻的;惭愧的;害臊的
【原句再现】
Was he ashamed of having a friend like me
【词块积累】
(be) ashamed to do sth. 惭愧做…
(be) ashamed that从句. 为….感到羞愧/羞耻
(be) ashamed of…为…感到不好意思/难为情/羞愧
【精品例句】
I'm ashamed to admit that I've never read Harry Potter.
我真不好意思承认我从未读过《哈利，波特》
You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.你应该为说这些谎话而感到羞耻
You should be ashamed of your foolish behavior.你应对自己的愚蠢行为感到羞耻
【高考链接】
Tom was ashamed _____ having lied to his parents. (安徽卷) (of)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He was ashamed _____ he couldn't give an answer. (that)
16. atmosphere n. 大气层; 气体; 空气; 气氛; 环境
【原句再现】
Character’s actions, or their behaviours, not only tell your readers what kind of people they are, but also drive the plot forward and create a particular atmosphere.
【词块积累】
a smoky atmosphere 烟雾弥漫的空气
the earth’s atmosphere 地球大气层
an atmosphere of peace and calm. 和平宁静的气氛
【精品例句】
The talk has been conducted in a cordial atmosphere. 会谈在真诚的气氛中进行
He couldn’t bear the atmosphere of the theatre. 他无法忍受戏院里的气氛
The waste the factories create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick.
工厂产生的废气进入大气中，导致我们生病
【高考链接】
The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly. (湖北) (A)
A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon
【考点训练】
翻译句子
他的出现使气氛紧张起来(湖北卷)
(His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. )
17. up to 达到，最多有；直到；从事与，忙于…
【原句再现】
Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.
【词块积累】
be up to sb. 由…决定，是…的义务
up to now 直到现在
up till/until 直到…
【精品例句】
It is up to you to find out what your goals really are.
你真正的目标是什么，只能由你来决定
She has treated many patients who wash their hands up to 30 times a day.
她曾经治疗过很多每天要洗30次手的病人
I can take up to four people in my car. 我最多能带4个人坐我的车
Up to now, I've understood everything the teachers said.
到现在，我已经理解了老师所讲的全部内容
What are you up to this weekend 这周末你打算做什么
They are only allowed to play music up until 10:30 on week nights, and it’s already 11:30.
平时只允许他们在十点半之放玩音乐，可是现在已经十一点半了
【高考链接】
It’s up ___ you what kind of life you will lead in the future. (上海卷)（to）
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It’s up to the travel companies __ (warn) customers of an possible dangers. (to warn)
18. stay in touch with…与…保持联系
【原句再现】
Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
【词块积累】
(be) in touch with…与…有联系
(be) out of touch with…不联系，不接触
get in touch with…与…取得联系
lose in touch with…与…失去联系
【精品例句】
We have been out of touch with them for about two years. 我们和他们已经两年没联系了
Here is our number if you need to get in touch with us.
如果你需要联系我们，这是我们的号码
I regret to say that I have lost touch with four or five friends.
很遗憾，我已与四五个朋友失去了联系
【高考链接】
____ (keep) in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. (湖南卷) (Keeping)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Are you still in touch ______ your former colleagues (with)
19. worth adj. 值…的；具有…价值的；prep. 值得
【原句再现】
I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s worth it if my old partner turned up.
【词块积累】
be worth sth. 值…
be worth doing sth. 值得做
It is worth doing sth. 值得做
联系：worthy和worthwhile
be worthy of sth. 值…
be worthy of being done
=be worthy to be done值得（被）…
It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. 做某事是值得的
【精品例句】
The old stamp is worth about 5000yuan. 这枚邮票值5000元左右
Although we take an hour a day for exercise, it is well worth it.
虽然我们每天都要锻炼一个小时，但一切都是值得的
It is worth visiting the art museum. 那个美术馆值得一去
It is worthwhile comparing/to compare prices. 有必要比较一下价格
His achievements are worthy of the highest praise. 他的成就值得给予最高奖赏
The young man is worthy to be taught. 孺子可教
The movie is worthy of being seen once more. 这部电影值得再看
【高考链接】
Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ____. (湖北卷.完型)
A. favorable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Good opinions are worth __ (stick) to because they can benefit us all. (浙江卷) (sticking)
● 本单元其它要点简析
20. connect …with…把…与…联系起来
Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, ever if they live on the other side of the world.
21. keep in mind 牢记，记住（相当于remember）
But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
●句式点拨（详见前单元语法课件）
You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York. 表示对过去事情的否定推测
●定语从句精讲精练（见语法课件）
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