新目标2023年中考一轮教材复习 课件八年级下册 Units 1-2

(共143张PPT)
人教版八年级下册
Units 1-2
1. _________ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
2. _________ n. 发烧
sore
fever
3. _________ v. & n. 放松；休息
4. _________ v. & n. 咳嗽
5. _________ v. (使)疼痛；受伤
_________ 过去式/过去分词
6. _________ adv. & prep. 离开(某处)；不工作；从……去掉
7. _________ prep. 向；朝
rest
cough
hurt
hurt
off
onto
8. ____________ v. 压；挤；按
9. ____________ adj. 晒伤的
10. ___________ v. & n. 危险；风险；冒险
11. ___________ v. 义务做；自愿做
n. 志愿者
12. ___________ pron. 几个；数个；一些
13. ___________ adj. 强烈的；强壮的
14. ___________ v. 募集；征集
15. ___________ v. 修理；修补
16. ___________ v. 修理；安装
press
sunburned
risk
volunteer
several
strong
raise
repair
fix
17. ____________ n. 问题；事情
18. ____________ n. 颈；脖子
19. ____________ n. 胃；腹部
20. ____________ n. 咽喉；喉咙
21. ____________ n. X射线；X光
22. ____________ n. 牙痛
23. ____________ n. 头痛
24. ____________ n. 乘客；旅客
25. ____________ n. 问题；苦恼
26. ____________ n. 膝；膝盖
matter
neck
stomach
throat
X-ray
toothache
headache
passenger
trouble
knee
27. ____________ n. 情况；状况
28. ____________ n. 千克；公斤（=kilogram）
29. ____________ n. 岩石
30. ____________ n. 血
31. ____________ n. & v. 限制；约束；管理
32. ____________ n. 勇气；意志
33. ____________ n. 护士
34. ____________ n. 标志；信号
35. ____________ v. 欢呼；喝彩
36. ____________ n. 感觉；感触
situation
kilo
rock
blood
control
spirit
nurse
sign
cheer
feeling
37. ____________ n. 通知；通告；注意
v. 注意到；意识到
38. ____________ n. 高兴；愉快
39. ____________ n. （尤指长途）旅行；行程
40. ____________ adv. 独自；单独
41. ____________ v. 修理；修补
42. ____________ n. 车轮；轮子
43. ____________ n. 信；函
44. ____________ v. 拿；提；扛
45. ____________ adj. 聪明的；聪颖的
notice
joy
journey
alone
repair
wheel
letter
carry
clever
46. ____________ v. & n. 变化；改变
47. ____________ n. 女士；小姐
48. ____________ n. 先生（用于正式信函中对 不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为Sir）
49. ____________ n. 夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为Madam）
change
Miss
sir
madam
3. ___________ v. 躺；平躺
___________ 过去式
___________ 过去分词
___________ 现在分词
lie
lay
lying
lain
1. ____________ n. 胃痛；腹痛
____________ n. 牙痛
____________ n. 头痛
2. ____________ n. 脚；足
____________ 复数
stomachache
foot
toothache
feet
headache
4. __________ v. 呼吸
__________ n. 呼吸
5. __________ n. 登山者；攀登者
__________ v. 攀登
6. __________ n. 刀
__________ 复数
7. __________ v. 意思是；打算；意欲
__________ 过去式/过去分词
8. __________ n. 仁慈；善良
__________ adj. 善良的；仁慈的
breathe
breath
climb
knife
knives
mean
climber
meant
kindness
kind
9. _____________ v. (用手或器具)击；打
_____________ 过去式/过去分词
10. ____________ pron. (she的反身代词)她自己
____________ pron. (we的反身代词) 我们自己
11. ____________ adj. 生病的；有病的
____________ 近义词
12. ____________ n. 重要性；重要
____________ adj. 重要的
hit
herself
sick
ill
hit
ourselves
important
importance
13. ___________ n. 决定；抉择
___________ v. 决定
14. ___________ n. 死；死亡
___________ adj. 死的
decide
death
dead
decision
15. ___________ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的
___________ adj. 孤单的；单独的
___________ adv. 独自；单独
16. ___________ n. 满足；满意
___________ v. 使满意；满足
___________ adj. 感到满意的
satisfaction
satisfy
satisfied
lonely
lone
alone
17. ____________ n. 物主；主人
____________ adj. 自己的
18. ____________ adj. 破损的；残缺的
____________ v. 打碎
____________ 过去式
____________ 过去分词
19. ____________ adj. 激动的；兴奋的
____________ v. 使兴奋；使激动
____________ adj. 令人兴奋的；使人激动的
____________ n. 激动；兴奋
owner
own
broken
break
broke
broken
excite
excited
exciting
excitement
20. ____________ adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的
____________ v.使无能力; 使残废，
21. ____________ adj. 瞎的；失明的
____________ adj. 聋的
22. ____________ v. 想象；设想
____________ n. 想象；想象力
23. ____________ n. 困难；难题
____________ adj. 困难的
disable
blind
deaf
imagine
disabled
imagination
difficulty
difficult
24. ___________ v. 开；打开
___________ v. 关 (反义词)
25. ___________ v. 训练；培训
___________ n. 训练；培训
open
close
train
training
26. ___________ v. 理解；领会
___________ 过去式/过去分词
27. ___________ n. 兴趣；关注
v. 使感兴趣；使关注
___________ adj. 感兴趣的
___________ adj. 有趣的
understood
understand
interest
interested
interesting
1. _________________ 整个周末
2. _________________ 立刻；马上
3. _________________ 掌管；管理
4. _________________ 习惯于；适应于
5. _________________ 独自；单独
6. _________________ 打电话给(某人)；征召
7. _________________ 照顾；非常喜欢
8. _________________ (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来
9. _________________ 打扫(或清除)干净
all weekend
at once / right away
be in control of
be used to
by oneself
call up
care for
cheer up
clean up
10. _______________ 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)
11. _______________ 切除
12. _______________ 修理；装饰
13. _______________ 拍X光片
14. _______________ 陷入；参与
15. _______________下车
16. _______________ 离开；从……出来
17. _______________ 晒伤
18. _______________ 赠送；捐赠
come up with
cut off
fix up
get an X-ray
get into
get off
get out of
get sunburned
give away
19. ______________________ 分发；散发
20. ______________________ 放弃
21. ______________________ 分发
22. ______________________ 感冒
23. ______________________ 发烧
24. ______________________ 心脏有问题
25. ______________________ 流鼻血
26. ______________________ 胃痛
27. ______________________ 呼吸困难
give out
give up
hand out
have a cold
have a fever
have a heart problem
have a nosebleed
have a stomachache
have problems breathing
28. ___________________ 及时
29. ___________________ 躺下
30. ___________________ 做决定
31. ___________________ 影响；有作用
32. ___________________ 推迟
33. ___________________ 筹钱
34. ___________________ 用尽；耗尽
35. ___________________ 建起；设立
36. ___________________ 以便
37. ___________________ 休息
in time
lie down
make a decision
make a difference
put off
raise money
run out (of)
set up
so that
take a break / breaks
38. _____________________ (外貌或行为)像
39. _____________________ 冒险
40. _____________________ 量体温
41. _____________________ 多亏；由于
42. _____________________ 再三考虑；仔细考虑
43. _____________________ 使某人惊讶的；出乎某人的意料
44. _____________________ 参加……选拔；试用
45. _____________________ 曾经……；过去……
take after
take a risk / risks
take one’s temperature
thanks to
think twice
to one’s surprise
try out
used to
1. What’s the matter
2. …the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
3. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
4. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
5. I’d like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers.
1. lie
vi. 躺；平躺 lie down 躺下
位于；说谎 lie to sb 对某人撒谎
lie
n. 谎话, 谎言 a white lie 善意的谎言
lie和lay
词条 词性 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie 动词 躺；位于 lay lain lying
说谎 lied lied lying
lie 名词 谎言 lay 动词 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying
1. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies __________ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
(2021海南中考)
2.—Taiwan lies_____ the southeast of China, and it is_____ the east of Fujian.
—OK, I want to visit it some day.
A. in; to B. on; to C. to; in D. to; on
(2021贵州铜仁中考)
A
A
2. rest n. & v. 放松；休息
【注意】
当 “the rest” 或 “the rest of the + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词要与the rest表示的名词保持一致。
have a rest = take a rest / break = rest 休息
单项选择。
—Hello, Eric. You look tired.
—Yes, I’ve decided to have a good ________ by taking a walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax.
A. meal B. sleep C. luck D. rest
(2021辽宁鞍山中考)
D
3. break n. 间歇；休息
v. 打破；打碎
take breaks (take a break) 休息
break
have a break (课间)休息一下
break the rule 违反规则
break the record 打破记录
break off 突然中止；中断
break down 停止运转；出故障
用break完成句子。
1) 我们已经工作了十个小时，没休息。
We have worked for ten hours without _________.
2) There was a car accident yesterday because somebody _____________________.
3) My TV set _____________ last night, so I didn’t watch the game.
4) He _________________ for the world 100 meters last month.
a break
broke the traffic rules
broke down
broke the record
4. trouble n. 问题；苦恼
get into trouble 惹麻烦；陷入困境
trouble
be in trouble 有烦事、有困难
have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难
A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble ________ proper living place. We should help them.
A. find B. found C. to find D. finding
(四川泸2021州中考)
D
5. sick adj. 生病的；有病的
相同 生病的，都可作表语。
e.g. Alice was ill / sick yesterday.
不同 表“生病”时，sick可作定语，但ill不作定语。
e.g. Could you help the sick girl
sick & ill
请根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
1) 汤姆生病了，所以他今天没去学校。
Tom ______________, so he didn’t go to school today.
2) 当我们在轮船上的时候感到有点恶心。
When we were in the boat, we ____________________.
3) 这个孩子已经生病两天了。他总是感到恶心。
The child has been _______ for two days. He often feels _____.
was sick/ill
felt a little sick
sick / ill sick
6. breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in 吸气
breathe out 呼气
take a deep breath 做深呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
breath n. 呼吸
翻译句子。
1) 鸟儿在自由地呼吸。
The birds are breathing freely.
2) 生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。
People living here breathe dirty air every day.
3) 当你紧张的时候，你可以做一下深呼吸。
When you are nervous, you can take a deep breath.
7. risk n. & v. 危险；风险；冒险
take a risk / take risks 冒险
risk
at risk 有危险，冒风险
at the risk of ... 冒着……的风险
take the risk of doing ... 冒……风险
翻译句子。
老师冒着生命危险从那座楼里救出了男孩。
2) 我们将冒被困之险。
3) 别拿你自己的健康去冒险。
The teacher saved the boy from the building at the risk of her life.
We’ll take the risk of being caught.
Don’t risk your health.
8. mean v. 意思是；打算；意欲
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean
mean to do sth. 打算去做某事
meaning n. 意思，意义
meaningful adj. 有意义的，意味深长的
meaningless adj. 没有意义的
John is _______ and only thinks about himself and doesn’t treat others nicely.
spread / drop / mean / put out / started / courage / set out
词与短语填空。
mean
(2021湖北武汉)
9. decision n. 决定；抉择
make a decision 做决定
decide v. 决定
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
China is making _________ to help more developing countries fight against COVID-19.
A. a decision B. a mess C. an effort D. a mistake
(2021湖北襄阳中考)
C
10. death n. 死；死亡 (不可数名词)
词条 词性 意义 用法
death n. 死；死亡 ∕
die v. 消失；灭亡；死亡 表示“死亡”的动作，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用
dead adj. 死的；失去生命的 常和be动词连用(be dead)，表示死的状态
dying adj. 临死的；垂死的 是die的现在分词，不过常
用作形容词
dead, die, death & dying
1. The story reminds us that we have to decide between life and _________ (死)in a very dangerous situation.
(2021四川凉山中考)
2. The______ (死) of Yuan Longping, Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻), made us very sad.
(2021黑龙江绥化中考)
death
death
用die的适当形式填空。
1) His grandma has been _______ for two years.
2) The lovely cat _______ on a cold night and its owner was very sad.
3) Look at the _______ dog; its mouth is still open.
4) His _______ was sudden and all of us were shocked completely.
dead
died
dying
death
11. notice n. 通知；通告；注意
v. 注意到；意识到
notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
notice
notice sb. do sth.
注意到某人做某事(强调动作经常发生；或注意到某事发生的全过程)
You’ve probably ____________/ n t st/ how bright the snow is when sunlight falls on it.
(2021山东威海中考)
noticed
12. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的
lonely adj. 孤单的；寂寞的 可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。
alone adj. 单独的；独自的 不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状态，只陈述一个客观事实，在句中作表语。
adv. 单独；独自地 相当于by oneself，在句中作方式状语。
lonely，alone
lonely
The old man never feels _______(孤独) because we often go to visit him.
(2021山东烟台中考)
完成句子。
1) 露西一个人的时候，通常会看电视。
Lucy usually watches TV when she is ______.
2) 我独自住在这个房子里，但是从不觉得孤独。
I live in the house _______, but I never feel _______.
3) 这个故事是关于一位孤独的老人和他的狗。
The story is about a(n) _______ old man and his dog.
alone
alone
lonely
lonely
13. repair v. 修理；修补
repair 需要一定技术，东西比较复杂。宾语常是汽车、房子、机器等。
His house is repaired once a year.
mend 不用复杂的技术和工具，如补破洞、裂痕等。宾语常是衣服、桌椅、玩具等。
repair，mend
请用mend或repair填空。
1) The radio is too old to .
2) Can my toy car
repair
be mended
14. difficulty n. 困难；难题
可用作不可数名词。have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。difficulty也可作可数名词，表示“具体困难”。
His beautiful music has brought ___________ to people all over the world.
A. difficulty B. pleasure C. weather D. danger
(2021天津中考)
B
15. excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的
excited 作表语时，主语常是人；作定语时，常用来修饰人。
The excited people danced when they heard the news.
exciting 作表语时，主语常是物；作定语时，常用来修饰物。
The movie isn’t exciting.
excited， exciting
The _______ news made him _______ .He didn't fall asleep until midnight.
A. excited；excited B. exciting；exciting
C. exciting；excited D. excited；exciting
(2021辽宁营口中考)
C
用excited/exciting完成句子。
1) They waited and waited for something ________ to happen.
2) The children were ________ about winning the football match.
exciting
excited
16. raise v. 募集；征集
raise, rise　
词汇 含义及用法 示例
raise (vt.，raised, raised) 使升高。强调“某人把某物举起来” raise one's hand 举手
增加 raise salaries 提高薪资
raise weight 增重
筹集(资金)； 征集(人员) raise money 筹钱
raise an army 招兵
抚养，养育 raise pets 养宠物
词汇 含义及用法 示例
rise (vi. rose， risen) 上升。强调“某人/某物自己站/升起来” The sun rises. 太阳升起。 The river rises.
水位上涨。
增长 The price rises.
价格上涨。
根据句意选择rise或raise的适当形式填空。
1) Look! The kite is ________ in the sky.
2) The price of vegetables is ________ rapidly.
3) Sally ________ her head when I called her.
4) Have you ever ________ chickens
5) How did they ________ money for the poor students
rising
rising
raised
raised
raise
1. have a cold = catch a cold 感冒
have a cold 感冒
have a cough 咳嗽
have a fever 发烧
have a/an + 疾病名词
have a headache 头疼
have a stomachache 胃疼
have a toothache 牙疼
have a + 身体部位 + -ache
have a sore throat 嗓子疼have a sore back 背疼
have a + sore + 身体部位
患病短语
2. get off 下车
get 短语
get on 上车 get into 陷入；参与
get up 起床；起来 get back 回来
get out 出去 get ready 做好准备
get together 相聚 get over 克服
get on / along well with sb.
与某人和睦相处
1. — Jim. please help me ____________ the tent.
—OK. I'm coming. It’s exciting to sleep in it tonight.
A. get on B. get off
C. pull down D. put up
(2021湖北襄阳中考)
D
2. You should______ your shoes before you enter the dancing room.
A. get off B. put off
C. take off D. fall off
(2021广西贺州中考)
C
请根据所给汉语意思完成下列英语句子(每空一词)。
1) 我想去南京路，你能告诉我什么时候下车吗？
I’m going to Nanjing Road. Can you tell me when to _______ _______.
2) 安上了公交车，并找了个位子坐下。
Ann _______ _______ the bus and found a seat to sit on.
got on
get
off
3. be use to 习惯于……；适应于……
词(组) 含义及用法
used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”，to为不定式符号
be/get used to doing “习惯于做某事”，to是介词。用be时强调状态，用get时强调动作
be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”。是use sth. to do sth.的被动语态，相当于be used for doing sth.
be used as “被用作……，”介词as表示“作为……”，后面常接名词
—Tom every day.
—Really？But why is he so weak now？
A. used to exercise
B. is used to exercising
C. used to stay up late
(2021青海中考)
A
4. run out (of) 用尽；耗尽
run out (of) 及物动词短语，表主动意义，主语为人。
We ran out of coal and had to burn wood.
run out 用完 不及物动词短语，指(人)把东西用完(或花完)，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词。Our supply of food has run out.
run out (of) / run out
完成句子。
1) All our supply of food has _________.
2) We are _______________ our gas. We can’t go any farther.
3) His patience has completely _________.
run out
running out of
run out
5. cut off 切除；剪下
cut down 砍倒；削减
cut up 切碎
cut in 插嘴；干预
cut in line 插队
cut out 删掉；切除
cut短语
—Did you have a welcome party for Laura last night
—No, we didn’t. It was ________ because Laura was in hospital.
A. put off B. taken off
C. cut off D. turned off
(2021云南中考)
A
6. keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事；一直/不断地做某事
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
You’d better keep on exercising every day.
句子翻译。(2020辽宁铁岭葫芦岛)
最好每天坚持锻炼。
7. give up 放弃
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
give out 分发；散发
give away 捐赠；赠给
give back 归还
give in 让步，屈服
give off 散发（液体、气体等）
give短语
1. All the students in Grade Three are going to ________ the banks of the Xiangjiang River.
A. turn up B. give up C. clean up
(2021湖南株洲中考)
2. My father always tells me never to _____ when I am in trouble.
A. give up B. put on C. help out
(2021湖南益阳中考)
C
A
8. come up with 想出；提出 (主意、计划、回答等)
catch up with（落后）赶上
keep up with 跟上，不落在……后面，
了解（最新的发展等）
put up with 忍受，容忍
end up with 以……结束等
come back 回来
come in 进来
come true 实现
come out 开花；出版；发行
come up 破土而出；发生
come on 快点；加油
come短语
—Could you please some ideas for dealing with students’ problems？
—Yes，less homework and more outdoor activities may be good ways.
A. come up with B. look back at C. try out
(2021青海中考)
A
9. put off 推迟
put down 放下；记下
put out 熄灭
put away 收起来
put on 穿上；戴上
put up 张贴；搭起，举起
put短语
1. Jimmy wants to _________ his trip because he is too busy with his studies.
A. put off B. wait for C. prepare for
(2021贵州安顺中考)
2. You should ______your shoes before you enter the dancing room.
A. get off B. put off C. take off D. fall off
(2021广西贺州中考)
A
C
3. —Did you have a welcome party for Laura last night
—No, we didn’t. It was ________ because Laura was in hospital.
A. put off B. taken off C. cut off D. turned off
(2021云南中考)
4. — What happened to Tony
— the morning of a rainy day, he a bike and hurt his legs.
A. In; put off B. On; fell off
C. In; fell off D. On; put off
(2021四川达州中考)
B
A
5. When my mother came into my room, I was just lying in bed and waiting for the alarm to ______________.
A. put off B. take off
C. turn off D. go off
(2021湖北十堰中考)
D
10. hand out 分发
hand in hand 手拉手
hand in 交上去
out of hand 难以控制；无法控制
hand短语
1. Sam, let's _______ these old things. I don't need them anymore.
No. We can try to put them to good use.
A. pull down B. fix up
C. hand out D. throw away
(2021辽宁铁岭、葫芦岛中考)
D
2. The student on duty should hand out the exercise books before class.
A. give out B. put up C. hand in D. take out
(2021广西河池中考)
A
11. try out 参加……选拔；试用
try for 试图获得，力争，赢得
try on 试穿（衣物）
try one’s best 尽力
try短语
Scientists all over the world are ___________new medicine to fight COVID-19.
A. blowing out B. trying out
C. leaving out D. keeping out
(2021云南昆明中考)
B
12. take after (外貌或行为)像
take after 尤其是像自己的长辈。
Mary really takes after her mother.
look like 用于各种场合，既可指人也可指物，一般只指外表看上去像。
The man looks like our headmaster.
take after, look like
1. Please hurry up! The plane will_____ in half an hour.
A. take up B. take after C. take off
(2021黑龙江绥化中考)
2. —Hurry up! Our plane will ________ soon.
—Don’t worry. We still have enough time.
A. take down B. take off
C. take up D. take after
(2021辽宁朝阳中考)
C
B
13. set up 建起；设立
set about 开始（做某事）
set down 放下；记下
set off 动身，出发
set out 动身，出发；着手，开始
set短语
阅读下列各小题，根据汉语及句末括号内的动词提示，用相关动词短语的适当形式完成句子。
中国在很多国家已经建立了5G基站。(set)
China _____________________ 5G stations in many countries.
has(already) set up
1. What’s the matter
常用来询问病情或某人遇到了什么麻烦、问题等，也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障。
“What's the matter (with sb.)？”的答语常用“have＋a＋表示疾病或病痛的名词”短语回答。
得知某人生病或住院后，常用“I'm sorry to hear that.”来回答。
What’s wrong (with sb.)
某人怎么了？
What’s the matter (with sb.)
What’s the trouble (with sb.)
What’s up with sb
What’s happened to sb.
What’s the problem with sb.
(2021贵州毕节中考)
根据对话内容，从方框中所给的五个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能选一次。
A: 61
B: I don't feel like eating these days. I'm afraid I’ve had the COVID 19.
…
A: Do you have a fever
B: What should I do then
C: How long have you been like this
D. Have you got vaccinated(疫苗)
E: What's the matter with you, young man
E
2. At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
强调动作正在进行
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事
强调动作经常发生或看到某事发生的全过程
改错。（2020黑龙江绥化中考）
Jim’s grandfather was seen enter the room just now.
to enter
根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子(2020山东威海中考)
昨天我在海滩上散步的时候，看到一个画家在画画。
When/While I was walking on the beach. I saw a penitent/an artist drawing/painting (a picture) yesterday.
3. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.
使（某人）做某事成为可能
“make it +形容词+ to do sth.” 意为“使做某事…… ”，it在句中作形式宾语，形容词作宾语补足语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。能用于该句型的动词还有think, feel, find等。
e.g. Do you think it difficult for him to answer these questions 你认为他来回答这些问题很难吗？
单项选择。
1) Televisions have made _______ possible for us to watch movies at home.
A. that B. this C. it D. they
完成句子。
2) Our teacher __________________ (使变得有趣) to learn English.
C
makes it interesting
情态动词should / shouldn’t (Unit 1)
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
should “应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议。 后跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 You should have a good rest first.
表示征询意见，常用于疑问句中。 When should we begin our discussion
shouldn't “不应该”。 You shouldn't start eating first if there are older people at the table.
反身代词由“人称代词的宾格或形容词性物主代词+ -self / -selves”构成，有人称和数的变化，“本人；本身”，为加强语气也常译为“亲自；自己”。
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself
herself
itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
反身代词 (Unit 1)
用法 例句
作宾语，位于动词或介词之后 Everyone celebrated the labour festival and enjoyed themselves (they).
作表语，位于系动词之后 The poor boy in the story was myself (I).
作同位语，位于名词或代词之后，或位于句末 England itself (it) is part of an island， and you are always near the sea.
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
help oneself to sth. 随便吃点……
learn by oneself 自学
teach oneself 自学
cut oneself 割 / 切着自己
take care of oneself 照顾自己
hurt oneself 伤着自己
keep ... to oneself 保密
反身代词通常用在一些表达中：
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的，有时to可以省略，它是非谓语动词的一种。
动词不定式在句子中不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化，其否定结构是“not to +动词原形”。
动词不定式 (Unit 2)
1. 作主语。动词不定式作主语时，可用形式主语it代替，而把真正的主语——动词不定式后置。
e.g. To drive so fast is dangerous.
=It is dangerous to drive so fast.
2. 作表语。
e.g. His dream is to be a doctor.
动词不定式在句中的作用
3. 作宾语
agree 同意 afford 负担得起 choose 选择
dare 敢 decide 决定 expect 期望
help 帮助 hope 希望 manage 设法
offer 提供 plan 计划 prefer 更喜欢
promise 许诺 prepare 准备 refuse 拒绝
want/would like 想要 wish 希望
常位于谓语动词之后。后常用动词不定式作宾语的动词/词组有：
4. 作宾语补足语
常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的词（组）有：
advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 要求
expect 期望 force 强迫 teach 教
encourage 鼓励 invite 邀请
order 命令 tell 告诉 want 想要
warn 警告 wish 希望 would like 想要
1) 在使役动词及感官动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。但在变被动句时，需要补上不定式符号to （let除外），这类词常用的有：
一感：feel　　　
二听：listen to， hear
三让：let， have， make
四看：watch， see， look at， notice
2) help后带to或不带to均可。
e.g. She still works there once a week to help kids (to) learn to read.
e.g. His funny action made me laugh.
→I was made to laugh by his funny action.
5. 作定语。动词不定式作定语时，要放在所修饰词的后面。
e.g. The best way to learn English is reading aloud.
6. 作状语。 动词不定式作状语时，可表示目的、结果等。
e.g. To get a good seat she arrived at the hall early.
(表示目的)
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
(表示结果)
1. what, which, who, where, when, how等疑问词与不定式连用，在句中起名词的作用，可以作宾语。
e.g. He doesn’t know what to do next.
2. had better, would rather, have nothing to do but ..., Why not ... , Will / Would / Could you please ... 后面接不带to的动词不定式。
e.g. You had better do some exercise every day.
注意：
It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.某人花费多长时间做某事
It's time for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事的时候到了
adj.＋enough to do sth. 足够……做某事
too...to... 太……而不能……
a/an＋ adj.＋way to do sth. 一个……的做某事的方法
be able to do sth. 能够做某事
take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
使用动词不定式的固定句型/结构：
1. —_________I take photos here
—Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
(2022北京中考)
2. —I don’t care what Kate thinks.
—Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value.
A. would B. should C. might D. could
(2022江苏镇江中考)
C
B
情态动词
3. You ________ drive without a license!
A. can B. must C. mustn’t D. may
(2022广西贺州中考)
4. —Dad, must I become a doctor like you when I finish university in the future
—No, you________. You can make your own decision and do whatever you like.
A. don’t have to B. can’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
(2022辽宁朝阳)
C
A
5. To achieve our dream, we ______ rest on what we have done.
A. may not B. should not C. need not D. could not
(2022江苏常州中考)
6. — Can we play games here
— Better not. If you ________，please go to the open space there.
A. must B. can C. may D. will
(2022·江苏徐州中考)
B
A
1. We took pride in_________ when we succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain finally.
A. we B. us C. our D. ourselves
(2022辽宁朝阳)
2. Students should learn some living skills to take good care of ________.
A. herself B. himself C. yourselves D. themselves
(2022辽宁本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛中考)
D
D
反身代词
3. Nobody taught the old man how to play with Tik Tok. He taught ________.
A. myself B. himself C. herself
(2022四川凉山州中考)
4. To keep ______ safe, you'd better not go out alone at night.
A. myself B. herself C. yourself
(2022海南中考)
B
B
1. Nancy didn’t know anyone in the new school, so she decided to join an after-school club ________ some new friends.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
(2022内蒙古包头)
2. — Who should I send this message to, Betty
—Mr. Green is the one ____________.
A. to send it B. to send it to C. to send to
(2022广西柳州中考)
A
B
动词不定式
3. Our teacher often tells us _______ across the road when the traffic light is red.
A．go B．going C．don't go D．not to go
(2022广西百色中考)
4. The teacher told us ______ too much noise because the other students were having an exam.
A. to not make B. not to make C. not make D. not making
(2021湖北十堰中考)
D
B
5. It’s important for us ________ hard in order to have a better life.
A. work B. to work C. working
(2022福建中考）
6. Many people have lost their homes because of words.It’s important for people ______ a peaceful world.
A. have B. had C. to have D. to be having
(2022贵州毕节中考)
B
C
7. As teenagers, we are not allowed _______ mobile phones into school so that we can focus on our schoolwork.
A. bring B. to bring C. bringing D. brought
(2022四川泸州中考)
8. Mr. Brown told his son not _______ the paintings in the museum.
A. touch B. to touch C. touching D. touched
(2022重庆中考A卷)
B
B
社会交往(Social communications)
就医(Seeing the doctor)
→ A: What’s wrong / the matter (with you)
B: I’m not feeling well / I don’t feel well / I feel terrible.
A: Let me examine you. Oh, it’s nothing serious / there’s nothing wrong with you. You’ve got a bad cold. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. You’ll be all right soon.
→ A: What’s your trouble
B: There’s something wrong with my throat.
A: How long have you been like this / When did it start
B: For a week / It started three days ago.
A: Have you taken any medicine / Have you seen a doctor
B: No, I haven’t.
A: Take the medicine twice a day. You’ll get well soon.
【写作任务】
假如你是某国际学校医务室的一名护士，一名来自英国的学生在上课时突然感觉身体难受，无法继续上课，被送到了医务室，请你将发生在你们之间的一段问诊对话记录下来。
编写医患之间的问诊对话
内容：记录护士和病人之间的问诊对话；根据病人描述的健康问题，护士予以回答并提出建议。
文体：对话。这种语篇的结构特征是：
◆遵循“轮流规则”，即在进行交谈时，轮流讲话，轮流发言。
◆对话是一个回合接着一个回合，一个话题接着一个话题，话语进程基本上是直线发展的。
◆语言符合口语特征，一些补白表达，如well, yeah, you know等的使用会使对话自然、流畅。
时态：一般现在时和一般过去时 人称：第一人称和第二人称
头脑风暴
(注：N=Nurse; S=Student)
短语 根据汉语提示，写出对应的英文表达。
【提供素材】
health problems advice
have a stomachache (1)_____________________________ (喝些加蜂蜜的热茶), not eat too much food, take some medicine
feel hot, (2)_____________(发烧), have a cold, catch the flu take one’s temperature, take an injection (注射)
drink some hot tea with honey
have a fever
health problems advice
have a headache / sore throat / cough take breaks away from work, (3)_______________(躺下) and rest, get some sleep, drink more water
have a toothache see a dentist and get a tooth X-ray, (4)____________________
_____ (每天刷牙三次), not eat too much sweet (甜的) / cold / hot food
lie down
brush teeth three times a day
温馨提示：当患者有别的意外情况时，可用以下表达：
accidents advice
hurt one's leg / back / knee / oneself get an X-ray, rest for a few days
cut one's finger / (5)_______________ (割伤自己) run your finger under water, put some medicine on it, put a bandage on it
(6)_______________(流鼻血) press the sides of your nose, put your head down, clean your face
cut oneself
have a nosebleed
医护人员询问：
What’s the matter
= What’s the problem
= What’s wrong with you
Is something / anything wrong
What happened
Are you OK
句型
病人回答 / 询问：
I don’t feel well. / I feel terrible.
I have the flu / a cold / ...
What should I do
Should I ...
Do I need to ...
医护人员回答：
You need to ...
You should / shouldn’t ...
句型
句型
It’s good to do some sports / ...
We should / can / ...
It’s helpful / important / necessary for us to develop good habits.
Always remember to ...
... had better do ...
Why not do ...
◆询问病情◆
N: Good moming! Come and sit down. What’s the matter / What’s the problem / What’s wrong with you？
S: Good morning. I don't feel well. I have a fever.
N: When did it start？
S: Just an hour ago.
N: Do you have a headache
S: No, but I have a sore throat.
N: Is your nose running
S: Yes, and I also cough sometimes.
N: Oh, dear, it sounds like the flu.
◆采取措施并给出建议◆
S: What should I do
N: You should take some medicine and have a good rest. And I will give you an injection. I think you will feel better by tomorrow.
S: Thank you.
Ⅰ. 根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，注意形式变化。
breathe, understand, accident, sign, spirit
1. — Lei Feng is a role model of China.
— Yes. His _______ is never out of date (过时) and we should learn from him.
2. We climbed up the mountain and _______ the fresh air.
spirit
breathed
breathe, understand, accident, sign, spirit
3. — Look at the ________ .
— I see. We can’t eat or drink in the library.
4. They all __________ what he said, though they spoke different languages.
5. If people follow traffic (交通) rules, there will be fewer car _________.
sign
understood
accidents
Ⅱ. 根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的短语填空，注意形式变化，每个短语限用一次。
make a difference, have a cold, give away, try out, get into trouble
1. Jason _______________ yesterday and didn’t go to school.
2. If you don’t take your teacher’s advice, you will _______________.
had a cold
get into trouble
make a difference, have a cold, give away, try out, get into trouble
3. Her volunteer work _______________ to my life. I learned a lot from her.
4. Look! The supermarket over there is _______________ a box of candy to every customer (顾客).
5. Ken _______________ for the soccer team and luckily, he made the team.
made a difference
giving away
tried out
Loving Care International Pet Medical Center (宠爱国际动物医院) in Beijing is one of the largest pet hospitals in China. It is very popular with pet (1)_______. In 2020, it welcomed about 230,000 visits. The owner of the pet hospital is Li Xue.
sick, different, try, set up, own, environment, joy, true, lonely, ready
Ⅲ. 根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的词语填空，注意形式变化，每个限用一次。
owners
Back in 2012, Li Xue’s pet dog got (2)_________. For her, pets are like members (成员) of the family. So when her pet needed medical care, she was (3)________ to do anything for it. However, when she went to the pet hospital, she found the (4)___________ was not very good. The hospital couldn’t offer (提供) nice medical care to her pet. As a result, she got the dream of (5)_________ a pet hospital of her own.
sick, different, try, set up, own, environment, joy, true, lonely, ready
sick
ready
environment
setting up
In December 2013, her dream came (6)_______. She named her pet hospital Loving Care International Pet Medical Center.
“Pets, such as cats and dogs, can make a big (7)_________ to their owners’ life. They make their owners feel less (8)_______.
sick, different, try, set up, own, environment, joy, true, lonely, ready
true
difference
lonely
When they have any health problem, their owners always (9)_______ their best to look for nice medical care for them. Many owners send their sick pets here. It’s my great (10)_______ to see the pets get better,” said Li Xue.
sick, different, try, set up, own, environment, joy, true, lonely, ready
try
joy
IV. 选择填空
A: The new café is great — you (1)_______(should / shouldn’t) go there.
B: I heard it’s very expensive.
A: Yes, it is. But you (2)___________ (shouldn’t / don’t have to) go there every day. Also, you (3)_______(should / have to) try their cakes, too — they are delicious.
B: OK. What’s the name of the café
A: The Coffee Shop.
should
don’t have to
should
B: What What a boring name! I (4)_______(can’t / shouldn’t) believe it.
A: It surprised me, too. They (5)_______(should / shouldn’t) choose a better name, like Le Café.
B: Well, that’s a good idea. But it (6)_______(should / shouldn’t) be easy to pronounce. There is a shop in town called Arighi Bianchi and few people know how to say it.
can’t
should
should
A: I think I (7)_______(may / shouldn’t) know that shop. Anyway, I have to go home and do my homework now.
B: You (8)_______(should / needn’t) worry about that. It’s easy.
A: Yes, I know. But I must finish it before dinner. See you tomorrow.
B: See you.
may
needn’t
V. 完成句子
1. 你应该带婴儿去看看医生。
You ______________ the baby to the doctor’s.
2. 我们应该读读他的新书。
We ______________ his new book.
3. 他们不该酒后驾车。
They ______________ and drive.
4. Sam自学英语。
Sam ______________ English.
should take
should read
shouldn’t drink
teaches himself
5. 我妹妹已经长大，可以自己穿衣服了。
My sister is old enough to ______________.
3. 你需要更好地照顾自己。
You need to _________________________ better.
6. 他答应每周给我打电话。
He _______________ me every week.
dress herself
promised to call
look after / care for yourself
7. Jimmy选择了在农村教书。
Jimmy _______________ in the countryside.
8. 我爸爸建议我早点开始。
My father _______________________ early.
9. Cindy去图书馆做作业了。
Cindy _____________________ her homework.
chose to teach
advised me to start / begin
went to the library to do
look after / care for yourself