外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild 高频词汇课件（三）（36张）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild 高频词汇课件（三）（36张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-26 12:17:40 | ||
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Unit 5
高频词汇学习(三)
设计说明
本课件依据新教材和新课标的要求，将中英文中思维差异大、高考出现频率高、词义较多、用法灵活的词汇进行了汇总和精讲。
特点创新趣味性导入、追本溯源记单词、多重维度复现单词、遗忘曲线精准练单词、深度学习记忆单词
模块每个词的呈现同中有异，包含导入、详情和练习三个主要模块。具体分为情境导入、词根溯源、语义网络图、精准释义、常见搭配、词块例句、高考链接、学后练习等方面
Unit4 高频词汇一览
position n.
determine v.
destroy v.
position
导入
详情
练习
词源
语义网络图
精准释义
position n.
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
导入
position [p zi n] n.
The location of the tower is close to the pool.
这里的location是“位置”的意思。还有什么词可以表示“位置”呢？
position
词源
position (n.)
late 14c., posicioun, as a term in logic and philosophy, "statement of belief, the laying down of a proposition or thesis," from Old French posicion "position, supposition" (Modern French position) and directly from Latin positionem (nominative positio) "act or fact of placing, situation, position, affirmation," noun of state from past-participle stem of ponere "put, place." The meaning "place occupied by a person or thing" especially a proper or appropriate place, is from 1540s; hence "status, standing, social rank" (1832); "official station, employment" (1890). The meaning "manner in which some physical thing is arranged or posed, aggregate of the spatial relations of a body or figure to other such bodies or figures" is recorded by 1703; specifically in reference to dance steps, 1778, to sexual intercourse, 1883. Military sense of "place occupied or to be occupied" is by 1781.
通过查阅词源字典获知 position词源义为“人或物占据的合适的位置
语义网络图
物体在空间上的“位置”
人身体 / 物体的“位置”
在社会中的“位置”
在工作中的“位置”
在比赛中的“位置”
位置；方位
姿势；(物体所指的) 方向
地位；身份
职位；职务
(比赛中的) 名次
position
位置
基本义
在态度中的“位置”
立场；观点；态度
在情境中的“位置”
处境；状况
精准释义
n.位置;方位; (恰当或正确的)位置[C] & [U]
n.姿势; (物体所指的)方向 [C] & [U]
n.地位;身份 [C] &[U]
n.[正式用语] 职位;职务a job (post): [C]
n. (比赛中的)名次[C]
n.处境;状况 [C] [常用单数]
n.立场;观点;态度 [C] [常与on连用]
The orchestra were all in position, waiting for the conductor. 管弦乐队队员都已各就各位，等待着指挥。
They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。
The social position of each character influences the way they behave to each other.每个人的社会地位影响他们对待彼此的方式。
a man of position有身份的人
He is thinking of applying for the position of Chief Editor. 他正在考虑申请主编的职位。
词块例句
词汇拓展
揭露,使暴露
反对的
暴露在...下
博览会;阐述
放
安置;驻扎
职位;地位
前置词,介词
反对,反抗
暴露的,易受攻击的
暴露,揭露
储存 矿藏
处理,
排列
提议;求婚
肯定的,积极的,正面的
征收;把...强加于
职位,岗位，
邮政，邮件
邮寄
反对
对面的,
相反的
反义词;
对立物
提议;求婚
处理,支配,安排
姿势,态度,
立场
资势,
姿态
认为;假定
目的，
意图，
用途
故意的
作曲;
作品;
作文
组成;作曲;创作
应该做某事
反对
摆姿势;
提出
打算
Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull.(高考 江苏卷 2019 阅读)
Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.(高考 广东卷 2019 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现40次
高考链接
一、写出 下列句子中position的汉语释义。
1. I had to find someone else to fill in her position for the moment.
(2014 湖北) 职位;职务
2. Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities.
地位;身份
3. Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in the position to give out that kind of information. 处境;状况
练习
练习
二、 用position的适当形式填空 。
4.lf your goal involves other people, put yourself in their _______.
5. One can find his _______ in life in his own way.
positions
position
导入
详情
练习
词源
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
determine
determine v.
导入
determine [d t m n] v.
Your attitude determines your altitude.
你的态度决定你的高度。
Keywords 关键词
determine = decide 这两个词到底有什么关系呢？
词源解读
词源义是“确定 / 决定”，产生于14世纪中期；“决心 (做某事)”产生于15世纪中期。
词源
精准释义
vt. [正式用语] 确定；查明 to find sth out
vt. 是…的决定因素；影响 to fix or decide sth
vt.&vi. 决心；决定 to decide sth firmly
词块例句
to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
that决定
I determine to make more efforts to improve my English. 我决心更加努力提高英语水平。
She determined that nothing should be changed in her report.她决意不对自己的报告作任何修改。
We determined on an early start. 我们决定早点出发。
determine
Investigators are still trying to determine what caused the fire. 调查人员仍在设法找出失火的原因。
It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that determine your success. 决定成功的是努力而非智力。2008 湖北
Demand determines supply. 需求决定供给。
词块例句
词汇拓展
determined adj. ①坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)有决心的；意志坚定的：
Amazed at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just as good. 惊奇于他们的技术是如此娴熟，我决心要跟他们一样优秀。 2013 浙江
My father was determined that none of his children would be denied an education. 我父亲决意不让自己的一个孩子不接受教育。2015 福建改
词汇拓展
determined adj. ②坚决的；坚定的：
She gave me a determined look — the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神——表明她是不会改变主意的。 人教① – 3
词汇拓展
determination [d t m ne n] n. [U] 决定；决心；果断
carry out the plan with determination 坚决执行计划
The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生最重要的事情是确定一个伟大的目标，并下定决心去实现它。
——歌德
determination是determine的派生词，由determine + -ation构成；
掌握词块determination to do sth 做某事的决心；有时根据语境，表示“下定决心”可以用“have the determination”表达 。
determiner是英语语法术语中的“限定词”，用于修饰和限定名词， 明确性质范围的一系列词。包括：冠词 (the, a, an)，指示代词 (this / that / …)，形容词性物主代词 (his / her / …)，名词所有格 (his / hers / ours / …)，数词等等。
词汇拓展
Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. (高考 广东卷 2019 阅读)
Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. (高考 天津卷 2019 阅读）
该词在历年高考真题中出现60次
高考链接
练习
一、写出下列句子中determine的汉语释义。
1. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed. __________
2. It is difficult to determine the exact cause of the illness. __________
3. The date of the court case has not yet been determined. __________
4. How hard the swimmers work now will determine how they perform in the Olympics. __________
决定
确定
确定
决定
二、在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. She’s sure to get the job she wants – she’s a very ___________ (determine) person.
2. Jane was determined not ___________ (go) against her father’s wishes and accept his advice.
3. He is an excellent lawyer (律师) with a good brain and a ___________ (determine) to achieve. (2009 陕西)
4. Black holes can not be seen directly, so ___________ (determine) the number of them is very difficult.
练习
determined
to go
determination
determining
导入
详情
练习
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
destroy
destroy v.
destroy [d str ] v.
导入
destroy = de- (down) + struere (build)
破坏一栋建筑的结构意味着毁掉这栋建筑
精准释义
vt. 毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
词块例句
(a) lack of food / money / sleep / skills 缺乏食物 /金钱 / 睡
眠 / 技能
for lack of 因缺少
lack (for) nothing [正式用语] 什么也不缺
The tour was cancelled for lack of bookings. 这次出游因无人预订而取消了。
The leaves turned yellow for lack of light. 由于缺少光照，叶子变黄了。
lack
词块例句
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 人教① – 4
The building was completely destroyed by fire.这栋建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。
They've destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。
Heat gradually destroys vitamin C.加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。
侧重 “毁”，无法修复
词汇拓展
damage vt 损害；损坏：(名词动化）
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
ruin vt. 毁灭 n.[U] 毁灭；破产
The rain ruined my hair.
侧重 “损”，可修复
侧重 “美好的事物失去优良特性价值等”
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, leasure, etc.
词汇拓展
n. [U] 毁灭；破产：
the ruin of civilization
financial ruin
[C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余：
the ruins of Rome
in ruins
reduce sth to ruins
There lay my house, reduced to waist-high ruins, smelly and dirty. 2007 山东
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分ruin, damage和destroy。
damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配；
destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和completely、entirely等副词搭配；
ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此 物仍然存在。
词汇拓展
Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man.(高考 全国甲卷 2021 阅读)
2. If your student ID card no longer works or has been damaged, or if you have changed your personal or programme details, you should call into the Student Administration Centre (SAC) to request a new one.(高考 天津卷3月 2020 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现84次
高考链接
一、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
1) The bus was badly ______________ when it hit the wall.
2) The building was completely ______________ by fire.
3) It poured with rain and my dress got ______________.
4) This illnesss has _____________ my life.
5) Ninety percent of their island was ___________and they had nothing. (2012 山东)
6) The homeless shelter was entirely ___________in the huge earthquake.
练习
ruin damage destroy
damaged
destroyed
ruined
ruined
destroyed
destroyed
Unit 5
高频词汇学习(三)
设计说明
本课件依据新教材和新课标的要求，将中英文中思维差异大、高考出现频率高、词义较多、用法灵活的词汇进行了汇总和精讲。
特点创新趣味性导入、追本溯源记单词、多重维度复现单词、遗忘曲线精准练单词、深度学习记忆单词
模块每个词的呈现同中有异，包含导入、详情和练习三个主要模块。具体分为情境导入、词根溯源、语义网络图、精准释义、常见搭配、词块例句、高考链接、学后练习等方面
Unit4 高频词汇一览
position n.
determine v.
destroy v.
position
导入
详情
练习
词源
语义网络图
精准释义
position n.
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
导入
position [p zi n] n.
The location of the tower is close to the pool.
这里的location是“位置”的意思。还有什么词可以表示“位置”呢？
position
词源
position (n.)
late 14c., posicioun, as a term in logic and philosophy, "statement of belief, the laying down of a proposition or thesis," from Old French posicion "position, supposition" (Modern French position) and directly from Latin positionem (nominative positio) "act or fact of placing, situation, position, affirmation," noun of state from past-participle stem of ponere "put, place." The meaning "place occupied by a person or thing" especially a proper or appropriate place, is from 1540s; hence "status, standing, social rank" (1832); "official station, employment" (1890). The meaning "manner in which some physical thing is arranged or posed, aggregate of the spatial relations of a body or figure to other such bodies or figures" is recorded by 1703; specifically in reference to dance steps, 1778, to sexual intercourse, 1883. Military sense of "place occupied or to be occupied" is by 1781.
通过查阅词源字典获知 position词源义为“人或物占据的合适的位置
语义网络图
物体在空间上的“位置”
人身体 / 物体的“位置”
在社会中的“位置”
在工作中的“位置”
在比赛中的“位置”
位置；方位
姿势；(物体所指的) 方向
地位；身份
职位；职务
(比赛中的) 名次
position
位置
基本义
在态度中的“位置”
立场；观点；态度
在情境中的“位置”
处境；状况
精准释义
n.位置;方位; (恰当或正确的)位置[C] & [U]
n.姿势; (物体所指的)方向 [C] & [U]
n.地位;身份 [C] &[U]
n.[正式用语] 职位;职务a job (post): [C]
n. (比赛中的)名次[C]
n.处境;状况 [C] [常用单数]
n.立场;观点;态度 [C] [常与on连用]
The orchestra were all in position, waiting for the conductor. 管弦乐队队员都已各就各位，等待着指挥。
They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。
The social position of each character influences the way they behave to each other.每个人的社会地位影响他们对待彼此的方式。
a man of position有身份的人
He is thinking of applying for the position of Chief Editor. 他正在考虑申请主编的职位。
词块例句
词汇拓展
揭露,使暴露
反对的
暴露在...下
博览会;阐述
放
安置;驻扎
职位;地位
前置词,介词
反对,反抗
暴露的,易受攻击的
暴露,揭露
储存 矿藏
处理,
排列
提议;求婚
肯定的,积极的,正面的
征收;把...强加于
职位,岗位，
邮政，邮件
邮寄
反对
对面的,
相反的
反义词;
对立物
提议;求婚
处理,支配,安排
姿势,态度,
立场
资势,
姿态
认为;假定
目的，
意图，
用途
故意的
作曲;
作品;
作文
组成;作曲;创作
应该做某事
反对
摆姿势;
提出
打算
Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull.(高考 江苏卷 2019 阅读)
Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.(高考 广东卷 2019 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现40次
高考链接
一、写出 下列句子中position的汉语释义。
1. I had to find someone else to fill in her position for the moment.
(2014 湖北) 职位;职务
2. Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities.
地位;身份
3. Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in the position to give out that kind of information. 处境;状况
练习
练习
二、 用position的适当形式填空 。
4.lf your goal involves other people, put yourself in their _______.
5. One can find his _______ in life in his own way.
positions
position
导入
详情
练习
词源
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
determine
determine v.
导入
determine [d t m n] v.
Your attitude determines your altitude.
你的态度决定你的高度。
Keywords 关键词
determine = decide 这两个词到底有什么关系呢？
词源解读
词源义是“确定 / 决定”，产生于14世纪中期；“决心 (做某事)”产生于15世纪中期。
词源
精准释义
vt. [正式用语] 确定；查明 to find sth out
vt. 是…的决定因素；影响 to fix or decide sth
vt.&vi. 决心；决定 to decide sth firmly
词块例句
to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
that决定
I determine to make more efforts to improve my English. 我决心更加努力提高英语水平。
She determined that nothing should be changed in her report.她决意不对自己的报告作任何修改。
We determined on an early start. 我们决定早点出发。
determine
Investigators are still trying to determine what caused the fire. 调查人员仍在设法找出失火的原因。
It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that determine your success. 决定成功的是努力而非智力。2008 湖北
Demand determines supply. 需求决定供给。
词块例句
词汇拓展
determined adj. ①坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)有决心的；意志坚定的：
Amazed at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just as good. 惊奇于他们的技术是如此娴熟，我决心要跟他们一样优秀。 2013 浙江
My father was determined that none of his children would be denied an education. 我父亲决意不让自己的一个孩子不接受教育。2015 福建改
词汇拓展
determined adj. ②坚决的；坚定的：
She gave me a determined look — the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神——表明她是不会改变主意的。 人教① – 3
词汇拓展
determination [d t m ne n] n. [U] 决定；决心；果断
carry out the plan with determination 坚决执行计划
The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生最重要的事情是确定一个伟大的目标，并下定决心去实现它。
——歌德
determination是determine的派生词，由determine + -ation构成；
掌握词块determination to do sth 做某事的决心；有时根据语境，表示“下定决心”可以用“have the determination”表达 。
determiner是英语语法术语中的“限定词”，用于修饰和限定名词， 明确性质范围的一系列词。包括：冠词 (the, a, an)，指示代词 (this / that / …)，形容词性物主代词 (his / her / …)，名词所有格 (his / hers / ours / …)，数词等等。
词汇拓展
Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. (高考 广东卷 2019 阅读)
Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. (高考 天津卷 2019 阅读）
该词在历年高考真题中出现60次
高考链接
练习
一、写出下列句子中determine的汉语释义。
1. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed. __________
2. It is difficult to determine the exact cause of the illness. __________
3. The date of the court case has not yet been determined. __________
4. How hard the swimmers work now will determine how they perform in the Olympics. __________
决定
确定
确定
决定
二、在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. She’s sure to get the job she wants – she’s a very ___________ (determine) person.
2. Jane was determined not ___________ (go) against her father’s wishes and accept his advice.
3. He is an excellent lawyer (律师) with a good brain and a ___________ (determine) to achieve. (2009 陕西)
4. Black holes can not be seen directly, so ___________ (determine) the number of them is very difficult.
练习
determined
to go
determination
determining
导入
详情
练习
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
destroy
destroy v.
destroy [d str ] v.
导入
destroy = de- (down) + struere (build)
破坏一栋建筑的结构意味着毁掉这栋建筑
精准释义
vt. 毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
词块例句
(a) lack of food / money / sleep / skills 缺乏食物 /金钱 / 睡
眠 / 技能
for lack of 因缺少
lack (for) nothing [正式用语] 什么也不缺
The tour was cancelled for lack of bookings. 这次出游因无人预订而取消了。
The leaves turned yellow for lack of light. 由于缺少光照，叶子变黄了。
lack
词块例句
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 人教① – 4
The building was completely destroyed by fire.这栋建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。
They've destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。
Heat gradually destroys vitamin C.加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。
侧重 “毁”，无法修复
词汇拓展
damage vt 损害；损坏：(名词动化）
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
ruin vt. 毁灭 n.[U] 毁灭；破产
The rain ruined my hair.
侧重 “损”，可修复
侧重 “美好的事物失去优良特性价值等”
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, leasure, etc.
词汇拓展
n. [U] 毁灭；破产：
the ruin of civilization
financial ruin
[C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余：
the ruins of Rome
in ruins
reduce sth to ruins
There lay my house, reduced to waist-high ruins, smelly and dirty. 2007 山东
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分ruin, damage和destroy。
damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配；
destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和completely、entirely等副词搭配；
ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此 物仍然存在。
词汇拓展
Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man.(高考 全国甲卷 2021 阅读)
2. If your student ID card no longer works or has been damaged, or if you have changed your personal or programme details, you should call into the Student Administration Centre (SAC) to request a new one.(高考 天津卷3月 2020 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现84次
高考链接
一、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
1) The bus was badly ______________ when it hit the wall.
2) The building was completely ______________ by fire.
3) It poured with rain and my dress got ______________.
4) This illnesss has _____________ my life.
5) Ninety percent of their island was ___________and they had nothing. (2012 山东)
6) The homeless shelter was entirely ___________in the huge earthquake.
练习
ruin damage destroy
damaged
destroyed
ruined
ruined
destroyed
destroyed