Unit6 Developing ideas and Presenting ideas 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
（2021四川眉山高一上学期期末）
There are many gardening tips. Some suggest playing music for your houseplants, having conversations with them, or even giving them a gentle touch now and then. Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden, and generally harmless enough but except the last one. Your plants really dislike it when you touch them.
A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch, and even a light touch can significantly stunt（遏制）their growth. "The lightest touch from a human, animals, insects, or even plants touching each other in the wind, can cause a huge gene response in the plant, " said Jim Whelan, who led the new study. "Within 30 minutes of being touched, 10% of the plant's genome（基因）can be changed. This involves a huge expenditure（消耗）of energy which is taken away from plant growth. If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%. "
Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond, at the genetic level, so strongly. They do have some theories, however. "We know that when an insect lands on a plant, genes are activated（激活）preparing the plant for defending itself against being eaten, " said Dr. Yan Wang, co-author of the study.
Until more research is done, it's just a guess at this point. Still, the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops, to best promote healthier growth.
It's worth noticing that while the study found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways, it's really repeated touch that causes lasting stunted growth. That's because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching, to tell harmful touch from random touch. So it doesn't matter if you accidentally brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods.
1. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By comparing.
B. By giving examples.
C. By listing numbers.
D. By showing results of studies.
2. Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study
A. It leads to the plant's energy expenditure.
B. It makes the plant sensitive to threats.
C. It causes a genetic disorder in the plant.
D. It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients.
3. What's the importance of the study by Whelan and his team
A. It gives us more useful gardening tips.
B. It helps find ways to ensure plants' healthy growth.
C. It contributes to the further study on genes.
D. It uses data to warn people not to touch plants.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Something is done to help plants grow.
B. Plants' genome can be changed easily.
C. Plants don't really like to be touched.
D. What we do every day may destroy plants.
二、七选五
More than half the planet's population now live in cities, with limited access to the natural world. For Europe and Latin America, the figure is more than 70%. 1
Gardening in particular is an opportunity for everyone to have such kind of experience, even if they live in built-up areas. It is typically seen as moderate（适度的）intensity exercise equal to playing table tennis or walking at a speed of 3.5 mph, so it has similar fitness benefits.
2 Homes and gardens have long been important for family food production, but gardening can also encourage people to eat more healthily and act as an educational resource on nutritious food. In fact, children who take part in gardening and grow their own food have a greater preference for fruits and vegetables.
3 Research has shown that gardeners generally have greater life satisfaction, raised self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression and anger than non-gardeners.
This last point suggests that the mental benefits of gardening may be more than just a side-effect of the physical exercise involved. 4 People with strong social networks have increased life expectancy, less stress and fewer visits to the doctor. In addition, spending time outdoors in a natural environment helps us to feel less stressed, reduce the symptoms of depression, and improve our concentration and attention.
All this evidence shows there's a strong relationship between gardening and health, but we only know for sure that there is connection, not "cause and effect". 5 We also need to directly examine the immediate effects of gardening on people who have never previously taken part or are suffering from mental and physical ill health.
A. Gardening is also linked to better diets.
B. But more than this, it can promote people's mental health.
C. One possible reason is that gardening can involve social interaction.
D. Good eating is supposed to include a balance of several food groups.
E. Yet contact with nature has varieties of benefits for both physical and mental health.
F. This means s gardening alone is not necessarily y a direct cause of any improvements in health.
G. Remaining socially active can also inspire seniors to build confidence and live a healthy life.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
三、完形填空
（2021河北定州二中高一上学期月考）
My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of 1 . Very often when we have flowers, Denise or I would plant some between the rocks, just to add some 2 to the area.
Last summer, I found a tiny little plant in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn't plant it and Denise said she didn't either.
We decided to let it 3 growing until we could find out what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 4 plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. I decided to 5 the weeds（杂草）around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something 6 . The sunflower had not 7 where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the 8 .
That's when I 9 that if a tiny little sunflower didn't let a big rock stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability to do the same thing. If we 10 ourselves like that little sunflower, we can reach where we 11 to go and get what we need for growth.
We need to believe in ourselves, knowing we have the 12 to achieve our goals. Like the sunflower, it knew it had the ability to get over the rock because it had 13 in itself that it would succeed. Stand tall like the sunflower and be 14 of who and what we are, and then the environment will begin to 15 us. We will find a way to go under or around any "rock" in order to reach our goals.
1. A. flowers B. insects C. vegetables D. rocks
2. A. water B. fertilizer C. color D. shape
3. A. stop B. continue C. improve D. escape
4. A. weak B. strange C. lonely D. pretty
5. A. collect B. tend C. remove D. watch
6. A. unusual B. wonderful C. terrible D. valuable
7. A. passed B. started C. left D. died
8. A. air B. top C. sun D. house
9. A. hoped B. realized C. doubted D. regretted
10. A. fill in B. put in C. worry about D. believe in
11. A. forget B. hate C. aim D. wait
12. A. wish B. plan C. ability D. idea
13. A. faith B. energy C. virtue D. courage
14. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. tired
15. A. forgive B. support C. upset D. affect
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了虽然我们平时很喜欢触摸植物，但是研究表明，植物真的不喜欢被触摸。
1.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch和第三段中的Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond以及第四段中的Until more research is done，it's just a guess at this point.可知，本文主要是通过展示研究成果来展开语篇的，故选D。
2.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的This involves a huge expenditure（消耗）of energy which is taken away from plant growth.If the touching is repeated，then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%.可知，这包括从植物生长中带走的巨大的能量消耗。如果重复触碰，植物生长速度将减缓多达30%。因此触摸会消耗植物的能量，故选A项。
3.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond，at the genetic level，so strongly.（Whelan和他的团队仍在试图找出为什么植物在基因水平上的反应如此强烈。）及第四段Until more research is done...to best promote healthier growth.（在做更多的研究之前，此时这只是一个猜测，尽管如此，这些发现可能已经为农学家如何处理他们的作物带来了新的方法，以最好地促进更健康的生长。）可知Whelan和他的团队研究的重要性在于它有助于找到确保植物健康生长的方法，故选B项。
4.C主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其第一段中的Your plants really dislike it when you touch them.可知，本文主要介绍了植物真的不喜欢被触摸，故选C项。
二、七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了园艺给我们带来的好处。
1.E根据上文More than half the planet's population now live in cities，with limited access to the natural world.可知，地球上超过一半的人都生活在城市里，接触自然世界的机会有限。E项（然而，与大自然接触对身心健康都有各种好处。）与上文构成明显的转折关系，并为下文介绍园艺做好铺垫。故选E项。
2.A根据下文Homes and gardens have long been important for family food production，but gardening can also encourage people to eat more healthily and act as an educational resource on nutritious food.可知，长期以来，家庭和花园对家庭食品生产一直很重要，但园艺也可以鼓励人们吃得更健康，并作为营养食品方面的教育资源。A项（园艺也与更好的饮食联系在一起。）符合文意，后文是对选项内容的具体说明——园艺和饮食的关系，故选A项。
3.B根据下文Research has shown that gardeners generally have greater life satisfaction，raised self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression and anger than non-gardeners.可知，研究表明，与非园丁相比，园丁通常有更高的生活满意度、增强的自尊心和更少的抑郁和愤怒感。B项（但更重要的是，它可以促进人们的精神健康。）符合文意。前后两部分话题一致，都讲述园艺有益于人的精神健康，故选B项。
4.C根据前文This last point suggests that the mental benefits of gardening may be more than just a side-effect of the physical exercise involved.可知，最后一点表明，园艺的精神益处可能不仅仅是体育锻炼带来的副作用。C项（一个可能的原因是园艺可以涉及社会互动。）符合文意。前后两部分都讲述了园艺对人的好处，且构成了明显的递进关系，故选C项。
5.F根据后文We also need to directly examine the immediate effects of gardening on people who have never previously taken part or are suffering from mental and physical ill health.可知，我们还需要直接检查园艺对那些之前从未参加过园艺或身心健康状况不佳的人的直接影响。F项（这意味着单靠园艺并不一定是改善健康状况的直接原因。）符合文意。前后部分构成明显的因果关系——因为园艺不一定可以改善健康，所以需要进一步的研究和观察，故选F项。
三、完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过介绍自己院子里面顽强生长的向日葵悟出一个道理：如果我们相信自己，我们就可以克服一切困难。
1.D句意：我们有一个院子，院子里有很多石头。根据下一句中的Denise or I would plant some between the rocks可知，院子里有很多石头（rocks）。flower花；insect昆虫；vegetable蔬菜。
2.C句意：……只是为了给这个区域增加一些颜色。根据常识，种一些花是为了给院子增添一些色彩（color）。water水；fertilizer肥料；shape形状。
3.B句意：我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们能弄清楚它是什么。从后文until we could find out what it was可知，作者想让它继续（continue）生长。stop停止；improve提高；escape逃跑。
4.B句意：几个星期过去了，当我返回到那株奇怪的植物时，它看来是一株向日葵。根据前文中I found a tiny little plant in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn't plant it and Denise said she didn't either可知，作者还不知道它究竟是一种什么植物，而且这株植物不是作者和妻子种的，因此觉得它很奇怪（strange）。weak虚弱的；lonely孤单的；pretty漂亮的。
5.C句意：我决定清除它周围的杂草。从下文As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds可知，作者要除（remove）草。collect收集；tend照顾；watch观察。
6.A句意：……我注意到一些不寻常的事情。从下文可知，向日葵并没有生长在“我”最开始发现它的位置，这件事是不寻常的（unusual）。wonderful精彩的；terrible可怕的；valuable有价值的。
7.B句意：向日葵并没有在我看到它开始的地方开始生长。It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the 8 .可知，向日葵并没有生长在“我”最开始发现它的位置。start表示“开始生长”。pass通过；leave离开；die死。
8.C句意：它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始的，在石头下面生长，并绕过它以接触到阳光。根据常识可知，向日葵是朝向太阳（sun）生长的。air空气；top顶端；house房子。
9.B句意：就在那时，我意识到，如果一株小小的向日葵都不让一块大石头挡住它成长的道路，我们也有能力做同样的事情。以下是作者意识到（realized）的内容，通过这件事情获得的人生感悟。hope希望；doubt怀疑；regret后悔。
10.D句意：如果我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们就能到达我们打算去的地方，得到我们成长所需要的东西。与下文的We need to believe in ourselves，knowing we have the 12 to achieve our goals.相呼应。fill in填写；put in投入；worry about担心。
11.C句意参考上题。根据最后一段中的We will find a way to go under or around any“rock”in order to reach our goals.可知，本空指到达“我们”打算（aim）去的地方。forget忘记；hate讨厌；wait等待。
12.C句意：我们需要相信我们自己，知道我们有实现我们的目标的能力。根据下文it knew it had the ability to get over the rock可知，“我们”有能力（ability）实现“我们”的目标。have the ability to do sth.表示“有能力做某事”。wish希望；plan计划；idea主意。
13.A句意：就像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力越过岩石，因为它相信自己会成功。have faith in意为“相信”，与前文提到We need to believe in ourselves，knowing we have the ability to achieve our goals..相呼应。energy精力；virtue美德；courage勇气。
14.C句意：像向日葵一样挺直腰杆，为自己感到骄傲，然后环境就会开始支持我们。根据Stand tall like the sunflower可知，“我”们要像向日葵一样挺拔，为自己感到骄傲（proud）。aware意识到的；afraid害怕的；tired疲倦的。
15.B句意参考上题。根据后文We will find a way to go under or around any“rock”可知，周围的环境和事物也会开始对“我们”有所支持（support）。forgive原谅；upset打乱；affect影响。
2 / 2Unit6 Developing ideas and Presenting ideas 基础过关练
一、单词拼写
1. When the house is burning, it is not safe to stay on the________（屋顶）.
2. But for the rain we should have had a________（令人愉快的）journey.
3. In Japan, newly married couples can receive up to 600,000 yen to cover their________（租金）and other costs to start a new life from April 2020 on.
4. China has a four-tier color-coded weather warning________（系统）, with red representing the most severe weather, followed by orange, yellow and blue.
5. The tomatoes added to the soup give extra f to it.
6. I could see the b of the trees moving back and forth in the wind.
二、用所给提示词的适当形式填空
1. These ________are ________in playing many kinds of musical instruments. They can play them________. （expert）
2. This new railway ________this area in many ways. It is ________to the people living in this area. For the ________of more people, we should build more railways. （benefit）
3. So far the ________has ________more than 20 books, most of which are well received by readers. （publish）
4. A man's life is________, but there is no ________to serving the people. I will devote my ________life to the ________work of serving the people. （limit）
三、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
green fingers; be good for; come onto the market; reflect on; in doubt
1. I just need some time to ________what the teacher said just now.
2. When you are ________about the meaning of a word, refer to a dictionary.
3. People who have________ are those good at making plants grow.
4. The product will probably ________next month.
5. It has been proved that laughter ________our health.
四、完成句子
1. 老师看着我，眼里含着泪水。（with的复合结构）
The teacher looked at me________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
2.这首歌听起来多好听啊！我从未听过比这更好听的嗓音。（否定词+比较级）
How nice the song sounds! I have ________heard________ ________ ________.
3.这座古庙见证了过去两百年里这个村庄的巨大变化。（拟人句）
The old temple ________ ________ ________ ________ of the village in the past two hundred years.
4. 有些人浪费食物，然而其他人没有足够的食物。（while）
Some people waste food________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
5. 现在，在空中能载更多人的飞机比以前更多了。（cay）
Today there are more airplanes ________ ________ ________ than ever before in the sky.
五、课文语法填空
"If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is 1 garden." These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first 2 （publish）in 1911. At that time, only the very rich in Britain 3 （have）gardens. However, today, 4 （million）of Brits like to say that they have "green fingers", with around half the population 5 （spend）most of their free time gardening. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land 6 （grow）things. Today, there 7 （be）over 4,000 people in London 8 are waiting for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities 9 （green）and improve air quality. As well as being good 10 the environment, gardening benefits the soul.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、单词拼写
1.rooftop 2.pleasant 3.rent 4.system 5.flavour 6.branches
二、用所给提示词的适当形式填空
1.experts; expert; expertly 2.benefits; beneficial; benefit 3.publisher; published 4.limited; limit; limited; limitless
三、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
1.reflect on 2.in doubt 3.green fingers 4.come onto the market 5.is good for
四、完成句子
1.with tears in her/his eyes
2.never; a better voice
3.has seen/witnessed great changes
4. while others don't have enough
5. carrying more people
五、课文语法填空
1.a考查冠词。句意：如果你从合适的角度去欣赏，你会发现整个世界就是一个花园。空后名词garden为可数名词单数，根据句意可知，本空应用不定冠词a表示泛指。
2.published考查过去分词。句意：这些话出自《秘密花园》的作者，这本书1911年首次出版。本空修饰名词The Secret Garden，动词publish和被修饰名词之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作定语。
3.had考查时态。句意：那时，在英国只有非常富有的人才拥有花园。根据时间状语At that time可知，本空应用一般过去时。
4.millions考查数词。句意：然而，今天，数以百万计的英国人喜欢说他们有“高超的种植技能”，大约有一半的人把大部分空闲时间花在园艺上。根据空后of可知，本空应用复数形式。
5.spending考查现在分词。句意参考上题。with around half the population 5 （spend）most of their free time gardening为with复合结构，其中宾语around half the population和动词spend之间为主动关系，故本空应用现在分词作宾语补足语。
6.to grow考查不定式。句意：那些没有外部空间的人可以租小块土地来种东西。根据句意可知，本空应用不定式作目的状语。
7.are考查时态及主谓一致。句意：今天，伦敦有4,000多人在等待这样的土地。根据时间状语Today可知，本空应用一般现在时，且句子主语over 4,000 people为复数，故本空应填are。
8.who/that考查定语从句。句意参考上题。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词people，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故本空应用关系代词who或that。
9.greener考查比较级。句意：这些花园已经帮助城市变得更绿并改善了空气质量。根据句意可知，本空应用比较级形式。
10.for考查介词。句意：园艺除了有益于环境外，还有益于灵魂。be good for意为“对……有好处，有益于……”，故本空应用介词for。
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