外研版（2019）必修第二册 Unit1 Food for thought Starting out—Understanding ideas 词汇课件（29张ppt0

(共29张PPT)
版本：新外研
单元：必修二 Unit 1 (Starting out — Understanding ideas)
词
汇
课
堂
本单元词汇梳理
1. pudding：音译词“布丁”
2. spicy：spice (n 香料) + -y (充满……的)
3. dare：可作情态动词，常用于否定句，否定daren’t 或 do not dare
词块：dare (to) do sth, dare sb to do sth
4. marriage：marry — marriage
5. wedding：wed (v 结婚) + -ing
词块：a wedding ceremony, diamond / golden / silver wedding
6. sort：近义词：type / kind；名词动词化
词块：sort of, sort out (from)
7. super：非正式用语
adj 英语释义 extremely good (近义词excellent, wonderful)
adv 英语释义 extremely, especially
8. bacon：音译词“培根”
9. toast：音译词“吐司”
熟词生义：干杯；祝酒 词块：a toast to sb / sth
10. typical：词块：be typical of, it is typical of sb to do sth
派生词：typically
11. suffer：suf- (up, under 由下向上) + -fer (to carry, bear 承担、承载) →
承受；遭受
词块：suffer from；派生词：suffering
12. tofu：来自汉语，= bean curd
13. horrible：horr- (terrible 害怕) + -ible (形容词词尾)
同义词：terrible
意为“极讨厌的；糟糕的”时，是非正式用语
词族：horror, horrible, horribly
14. gather：一词多义，基本义“使集中”
派生词：gathering
15. bite：词源义“咬；撕”，词源同bit。
词块：have / take a bite of = bite
16. cheese：熟词生义“茄子” (照相时叫人微笑说的话)
17. someday：some + day
18. poison：词族：poison, poisoning, poisonous
19. china：小写c，瓷器，是不可数名词
20. symbol：派生词：symbolic, symbolise
21. opinion：opt- (choose 选择) + -ion → 坚持的主张即自己判断、选择的结果
词块：in sb’s opinion, ask (for) / seek sb’s opinion,
express / give / offer / voice an opinion (about / on sth),
have a high / low / good / poor opinion of
重难点词
精讲
一词多义
搭配义
typical
一词多义
sort
gather
opinion
suffer
英语释义
搭配义
搭配义
dare
用法
dare v
vi [不用于进行时] 敢；胆敢：
Try it if you dare.
dare to do sth:
Let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. 2013 广东
vt 激将；激：
dare sb to do sth:
They dared Tom to steal a bottle of his father’s whiskey.
■ modal v [接不带 to 的不定式；多用于条件句、疑问句、否定句] 敢；竟敢：
I dare not go winter swimming alone.
How dare you say that
No one dared speak of it.
■ n [C] 激将；挑战
daring adj 勇敢的；敢于冒险的
sort v
■ n [C] 种类；类型 (type / kind)：
I’ll never do this sort of thing.
Real friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. 2014 全国
What sort of price were you thinking of
sort of 有几分；有点：
— Do you know what I mean
— Sort of.
■ vt 把……分类 / 整理：
He sorted the apples into big ones and small ones.
sort out (from) (从……中) 挑选出；整理；处理：
We should sort out enemies from friends.
Jane admits that she can’t sort out all the mess in the households. 2013 湖北改
type
■ n [C]
类型 (sort)：
There are two main types of advertisements — commercial advertisements and public service advertisements.
Men of his type are not to be trusted.
典型；模范；具有代表性的人：
I don’t think she’s the sporty type.
■ vt 用打字机 / 计算机打：
He typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. 2015 广东
typical adj
典型的；有代表性的：
The painting, named Poppy, is a typical example of Chen’s style. This sort of hot and spicy food is very typical of the food in the south of the country.
it is typical of sb to do sth:
It is typical of John to think about helping others in this way.
一贯的；平常的 (normal)：
On a typical day, we have classes from 8:00 am to 11:45 am.
typically adv 典型地；一般地；不出所料地
(type + -ical)
活着就要经受痛苦；而生存是为了在痛苦中寻找意义。
——尼采
弗里德里希·威廉·尼采 (Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche，1844 — 1900) ，德国哲学家、语言学家、文化评论家、诗人、作曲家、思想家。主要著作有《权力意志》(Will to Power)、《悲剧的诞生》(The Birth of Tragedy)、《查拉图斯特拉如是说》(Thus Spoke Zarathustra)等。尼采被认为是西方现代哲学的开创者，他的著作对于宗教、道德、现代文化、哲学、以及科学等领域提出了广泛的批判和讨论。他的写作风格独特，经常使用格言和悖论的技巧。尼采对于后代哲学的发展影响很大，尤其是在存在主义与后现代主义上。
suffer
vi & vt 患 (病)；(因疾病) 受苦 to experience
physical or mental pain：
suffer (from) a heart attack
I’m suffering from a bad back.
vi & vt 遭受 (困难等) to experience and be badly affected by sth：
suffer (from) defeat / loss
You will suffer one day for your carelessness.
As a young man he suffered a lot from poverty.
vi 变差；变糟 to become worse：
His school work is suffering because of family problems.
suffer词源解读
suffer由suf- (由下向上) 和词根-fer (承担) 构成。词源义是“遭受 (to tolerate)”。
suffer语义网络图
遭受
（基本义）
“遭受”病痛等
“遭受”困难等
患 (病)；
(因疾病) 受苦
遭受 (困难等)
事情“遭受”
变差
变差；变糟
gather v
vi & vt (使) 聚集；(使) 聚拢：
We’ll gather at the Students’ Club at 8 p.m. this Friday. 2012 全国书面表达
vt 搜集；采集 (collect)；[正式用语] 收 (庄稼等)：
Bees gather honey.
The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 人教新必修③–1改
vt 增加；vi 渐增；积聚：
He gathered (up) all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.
2013 山东
推测；认为：
I gather from your letter that you’re not enjoying your job.
基本义——使集中
gathering n [C] 聚会；集会
（使）集中
gather
（词源义）
收拢；归拢
（使）聚集；（使）集合
使人“集中”
使分散的东西“集中”
采集；收割（庄稼等）
使植物、庄稼等“集中”
gather的语义网络图
使已知事物“集中”，产生想法
推测；认为
opinion
乔治·戈登·拜伦（George Gordon Byron，1788 — 1824），是英国19世纪初期伟大的浪漫主义诗人（a romantic poet），代表作品有《恰尔德·哈洛尔德游记》(Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage)、《唐璜》(Don Juan)等。他不仅是一位伟大的诗人，还是一个为理想战斗一生的勇士，积极而勇敢地投身革命，参加了希腊民族解放运动，并成为领导人之一。
Opinions are made to be changed — or how is truth to be got at
— George Gordon Byron
观念生来就是要被改变的，否则真理如何产生呢？
have / hold an opinion
ask for sb’s opinion
express / give / offer / voice an opinion
In my opinion, learning English is a step-by-step process.
I was wondering if you could share your opinion about / on this topic.
I’ve changed my opinion of her.
opinion n
个人的“意见”
[C] 意见；看法；主张 what you think about sb / sth (view)：
legal / medical opinion
Public opinion is in favour of change.
群体的“意见”
[U] (群体的) 观点；舆论 what people in general think about sth：
get a lawyer’s opinion on the question
I’d like a second opinion (= advice from another person) before I make a decision.
专家的“意见”
[C] 专家意见；专业意见：
个人的“意见”
群体的“意见”
专家的“意见”
意见；看法；主张
观点；舆论
专家意见；专业意见
opinion语义网络图
opinion
意见
基本义
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare. (2013 江西) _____________
2. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; even so, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. _____________
3. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. (2014 全国) _________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. She was so high up now that she __________________________________ (不敢往下看).
2. ___________________ (你竟敢) speak to me like that
dare
激将；挑战
敢
激将
didn’t dare (to) look down / dared not look down
How dare you
sort
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. We both like the same sort of music. _____________ 2. Paper, plastic and cans are sorted for recycling. _____________
3. I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.
_____________
4. We saw all sorts of animals in the park. _____________
二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。
I’ll never do this sort of thing. (kind / class) _____________
把……分类 / 整理
种类；类型
挑出；拣出
各种各样的
kind
typical
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I must look like the typical tourist with my shorts and my camera.
_____________
2. On a typical day, we have classes from 8:00 am to 11:45 am.
_____________
二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 她这个人就是爱忘事。(it’s typical of sb to do sth)
2. 医生通常每天要看大约30个病人。(typically)
典型的
平常的
It is typical of her to forget.
Typically, a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. His grades suffer during soccer season. _____________
2. When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious burns after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head. (2013 四川) _____________
3. Studies show that people are more likely to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. (2010 陕西) _____________
下降；变差
被严重烫伤
患上背部疾病
suffer
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. ________________________________________ (无论我遭受什么失败) in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. (2014 湖南)
2. Although Rosemary had _________________________________ (身患重疾) for years, she lost none of her enthusiasm (热情) for life. (2013 陕西)
3. Music is an important way we express _________________ (人类的苦难), celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love. (2009 北京)
Whatever / No matter what failures I suffer
suffered (from) a serious illness / disease
human suffering
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I came up with a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. (2010 浙江) _____________
2. By gathering regularly and sharing each other’s stories, these women formed a support group. _____________
3. The boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures (签名) to stop the development. (2014 湖南) _____________
4. The bicycle gathered speed as it went down the hill. _____________
5. It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered in.
_____________
gather
聚集；召集
聚集；聚会
收集
加速
收割
二、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
1. Every Tuesday afternoon, they _______________ (聚在一起) to exchange their ideas on books. (2009 重庆)
2. ________________________________ (围着篝火), the tourists danced with the local people. (2011 辽宁)
3. However serious a problem you may have, you should ______________________ (鼓起勇气) to face the challenge. (2010 上海)
4. _____________________________ (用她搜集到的信息) in the camp she hopes to complete her project on wildlife.
Gathering around / round the fire
gather (up) your courage
gather together
With the information she gathers
三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. In the gathering darkness it was hard to see the ball.
____________
2. Bruce Pederson says the idea of sharing books is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. (2016 全国) ____________
3. She was still trying to gather her thoughts together when the door opened. ____________
4. All was peaceful but then I saw Kathy’s hand moved and heard the scream (尖叫). Gently I gathered up the little hurt one in my arms and said “Nice, nice sweetie” and I put a candy into her mouth. (2008 湖北改) ____________
越来越暗；黑暗加剧
积灰
集中思想；整理思绪
拉近；拥抱
一、翻译下列词块。
1. 在某人看来 _____________________
2. 征求某人的意见 _____________________
3. 某人的个人观点 _____________________
二、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. Everyone has the right to _________________________ (表达观点).
2. The media has a powerful influence on _______________ (舆论).
3. Whether or not this is useful is __________________ (看法问题).
ask (for) / seek sb’s opinion
sb’s personal opinion
public opinion
opinion
in sb’s opinion
express an opinion / an idea
a matter of opinion
谢
谢
观
赏