Unit1 Using language 基础过关练
一、单词拼写
1. Bad________（礼貌）of some Chinese visitors, such as stepping on the grass and littering garbage everywhere would give all Chinese a bad name.
2. It is a traditional________（习俗）for Chinese people to paste red couplets on the gate in the Spring Festival.
3. Beijing Capital International Airport completed the installation of a 5G network recently, whose________（下载）speeds can reach up to 1,000Mbps.
4. Black coffee without any s sugar or milk leaves a little________（苦的）taste in the mouth.
二、写出下列句中黑体词的词性和词义
1. It is a tradition in many countries to give the waiter a tip after a meal in the restaurant.
（词性：________词义：________）
2. The speaker provided a lot of tips on learning English, which were very useful to high school students.
（词性：________词义：________）
3. Please remember to tip the waiter after finishing your meal in the restaurant.
（词性：________词义：________）
4. He always draws varieties of shapes with the tip of the pencil unconsicously on the paper when he was thinking.
（词性：________词义：________）
5. The function of the heart is to send blood through the body.
（词性：________词义：________）
6. Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally.
（词性：________词义：________）
7. It’s good for students to have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting up early.
（词性：________词义：________）
8. She’s always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.
（词性：________词义：________）
三、单句语法填空
1. It is strongly recommended that both health care workers and residents of long-term care facilities________(be) first in line for COVID-19 vaccines.
2. I haven’t decided whether I am going to select some subjects that are related ________ literature or not.
3. April first is a day on which, in some countries, people try to play tricks ________ each other.
4. An athlete addicted to________ (climb) rocks built a climbing wall in his living room when he was forced to remain indoors by a COVID-19 lockdown.
5. I used to drive two hours to work, but now I live ________ walking distance of my office.
6. Each of Germany’s 16 states has its own________ (slight) different school systems.
7. According to a recent study, when a tree ________ (attack) by insects, it sends signals to warn its neighbours of the danger.
8. Australian English differs ________ American English in pronunciation.
四、选择合适的情态动词并用其适当形式填空, 每词限用一次
be able to, dare, have to, had better, need
1. It is strange that people ________ not give their helping hands to those in need.
2. You ________ not take me into account, as I am not sure whether I shall be able to come.
3. The company was so far away from my dorm that I ________ spend much time on the way.
4. It’s quite warm today so we ________ not turn the heating on.
5. Mozart, a great pianist, ________ play the piano when he was 4 years old.
五、用情态动词的适当形式完成句子
1.这个女孩晚上不敢独自外出。
The girl ________ ________ go out alone at night.
2.邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
With the help of a ladder, neighbours ________ ________ ________ rescue the children from the blaze.
3.我把自己锁在了我们的公寓外面，不得不破门而入。
I locked myself out of our apartment and ________ ________ break in.
4.我喜欢周末，因为在周末不需要早起。
I love the weekend, because I ________ ________ ________ early on Saturdays and Sundays.
5.你最好快点，要不然你上课就迟到了。
You ________ ________ hurry up, or else you will be late for class.
参考答案：
一、单词拼写
1.manners 2.custom 3.download 4.bitter
二、写出下列句中黑体词的词性和词义
1.名词：小费
句意：在许多国家，在餐厅吃完饭后给服务员小费是一种传统。
2.名词；建议，指点
句意：演讲者提供了很多学习英语的窍门儿，对高中生非常有用。
3.动词；给小费
句意：你在餐厅吃完饭后请记得给服务员小费。
4.名词：尖儿，尖端
句意：当他思考的时候，他总是不自觉地用铅笔尖在纸上画出各种各样的形状。
5.名词；功能
句意：心脏的功能是把血液运送到全身。
6.动词：运转
句意：尽管停电了，但医院仍继续正常运转。
7.名词；日常饮食
句意：对学生来说，均衡饮食和养成早起的好习惯是有好处的。
8.动词；节食
句意：她总是在节食，但（体重）好像从未减轻过。
三、单句语法填空
1.be 考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议卫生保健工作者和长期护理机构的住院医师首先接种新冠疫苗。recommend后的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，故填be。
2.to 考查介词。句意：我还没决定要不要选一些和文学有关的科目。be related to意为“与……有关”，故本空应填介词to。
3.on 考查介词。句意：在一些国家，四月一日是人们试图开别人玩笑的日子。play tricks on sb. “捉弄某人，开某人的玩笑”，故填介词on。
4.climbing 考查非谓语动词。句意：一名酷爱攀岩的运动员在因新冠肺炎封锁而被迫待在室内时，他在自己的起居室里筑起了一面攀岩墙。句中addicted to rocks是后置定语，相当于定语从句who was addicted to rocks, be addicted to意为“对…上瘾，沉迷于……”，其中to为介词，故本空应用动名词形式，故填climbing。
5.within 考查介词。句意：我过去常常开车两个小时去上班，但现在我住在离办公室很近的地方，走几步路就到了。within walking distance意为“在步行距离之内”，故填within。
6.slightly 考查副词。句意：德国16个州中的每个州都有自己稍有不同的学校制度。本空修饰形容词different，故应用副词slightly，意为“略微，稍微”。
7.is attacked 考查时态及语态。句意：根据最近的一项研究，当一棵树受到昆虫攻击时，它会发出信号，警告它的邻居有危险。根据语境可知，本句表示的是“客观事实”，故应用一般现在时；且tree和动词attack之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
8.from 考查介词。句意：澳大利亚英语和美式英语在发音上不同。differ from…in…意为“与……在……方面不同”，故本空应用介词from。
四、选择合适的情态动词并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次
1.dare 句意：人们不敢向有需要的人伸出援助之手，这很奇怪。dare意为“敢，敢于”。
2.had better 句意：你最好不要把我考虑进去，因为我不确定我是否能来。had better意为“最好”。
3.had to 句意：公司离我的宿舍太远，以至于我不得不花很多时间在路上。have to意为“不得不”，根据was可知本空应用一般过去时，故填had to。
4.need 句意：今天很暖和，所以我们不需要开暖气。need意为“需要”。
5.was able to 句意：莫扎特，一位伟大的钢琴家，在4岁的时候就能够弹奏钢琴了。be able to意为“能够”，根据时间状语从句when he was 4 years old可知，本空应用一般过去时。
五、用情态动词的适当形式完成句子
1.dare not 2.were able to 3.had to 4.needn’t get up 5.had better
2 / 2Unit1 Using language 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
A
I do my best to educate my kids about eating healthy food. I teach them how to read labels, what to look for on packaging, and how certain foods affect their growing bodies. But my kids are also like most other children-they love junk food.
My ten-year-old son Zack is very aware of his body and how food affects him. This past summer Zack was invited to a camping trip. He left on Friday and came home on Sunday morning. On Saturday night, Zack ate a lot of food... and junk food... and who knows what else. He went to bed at 11:00 and at around 1:30 a.m. Zack threw up in the tent. It was his body telling him that it didn’t like what he ate that day.
Recently, Zack and I were asked to speak to an audience of more than 200 people. I spoke about Unjunk Your Junk Food and Zack spoke about his appreciation for our book and how it has impacted his life as a ten-year-old child.
I asked Zack to write his own speech because I wanted what he said to come straight from his heart.
Here’s his speech:
Today I’m going to talk to you about my mom’s book, Unjunk Your Junk Food. It’s a great book, but I’m a little disappointed that my favorite type of candy is there, Twizzlers. I realized after reading the book that they’ re bad, so I don’t eat them anymore.
I saw the movie Super Size Me and I realized that junk food, especially fast food, is really unhealthy, and I won’t ever go to McDonald’s.
I brought my mom’s book to school, and my mom even gave presentations to many classes, including mine. Well you guys can do the same thing and show people the book at your work and schools, and give them tips on eating healthy food.
Thanks for listening.
While not all children have as much of a reaction to junk food as Zack, it’s clear that the human body doesn’t work as its prime（全盛时期）when we give it this type of food. It’s important to me that my children eat a healthy diet and limit their exposure to foods that aren’t good for them, and the best way for them to do that is for me to teach them about making healthy choices. While I fill my home with healthy options, it’s wonderful to see my s son now come to realize, on his own, that the choices he makes affect the way he feels.
1. What can we learn about the author’s kids
A. They have a strong dislike for junk food.
B. Their stomachs are sensitive to junk food.
C. They are kept informed of eating healthy food.
D. They are naughty kids who often disobey their mother.
2. Why did the author ask Zack to write his own speech
A. She couldn’t write better than Zack.
B. She couldn’t spare a minute to write for him.
C. She wanted Zack to express his true thoughts.
D. She tried to train Zack to be a fluent writer
3. What’s Zack’s attitude to his mother’s book
A. Disappointed.
B. Approving.
C. Doubtful.
D. Indifferent.
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Exposure to junk food is sure to be harmful to the human body.
B. The author needn’t teach her kids how to eat healthily.
C. Most children have severe reaction to junk food like Zack.
D. The author failed to persuade her kids to choose healthy food.
B
（2021天津一中高一期中质量检测）
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most sorts of food poisoning.
Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals（化学制品）can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain sorts of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicalsbefore eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning means death.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning can be serious.
6. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning________.
A. are always accompanied by a fever
B. are too common to be noted
C. can be noticed within hours
D. can be ignored
7. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT________.
A. some chemicals
B. low temperatures
C. some tiny living things
D. certain natural materials
8. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that________.
A. mushrooms should not be eaten
B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D. different types of food should be handled differently
二、语法填空
（2020辽宁本溪高级中学高一上质检）
1 seems that Chinese people always love to discuss the differences between northerners and southerners. Now, another difference has drawn wide attention: the way northerners and southerners shop for food at markets.
People from southern China normally buy 2 they need for just one or two meals at a time. It’s normal for them to buy just half a Chinese cabbage, two 3 potato) and 25 grams of beef at a time. 4 ,a person may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying enough vegetables and meat for a week 5 (be) normal.
The difference could be because of the different climates. Food can 6 (keep) for a long time in the north, as it’s 7 (usual) cold and dry there.
Many northerners have the habit of 8 store food for a long time. But due to the hot and wet weather in the south, the vegetables 9 (buy) by southern Chinese people are just enough food for one meal or one day. Otherwise, the food may go bad Maybe these debates about different customs help us to understand each other much 10 (well).
1.________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
1.C细节理解题。由第一段中I do my best to educate my kids about eating healthy food.可知，作者一直尽最大努力教育孩子们要吃健康的食物，故选C。由第一段中But my kids are also like most other children-they love junk food.可知，作者的孩子喜欢吃垃圾食品，故排除A项：由第二段可知，扎克的身体对垃圾食品反应强烈，但没有提到其他孩子有同样的反应，故排除B项、D项：“他们是经常违抗妈妈的淘气孩子”由原文表述无法准测出来。
2.C细节理解题。由文中第四段I asked Zack to write his own speech because I wanted what he said to come straight from his heart.可知，作者让扎克自己写演讲稿是因为想听到他的心声，故选C。
3.B推理判断题。由扎克演讲稿中It’s a great book.及后边扎克在读完妈妈的书后不再吃糖，鼓励听众效仿自己，把妈妈的书带到学校的叙述可知，扎克对妈妈的书评价很高。故选B“赞同的”。A项意为“失望的”；C项意为“怀疑的”；D项意为“漠不关心的”。
4.A推理判断题。由最后一段前两句“虽然并不是所有的孩子都像扎克那样对垃圾食品有如此强烈的反应，但很明显，吃垃圾食品时，身体的工作机能不会达到最佳状态。对我来说，让孩子们吃健康的食物并限制他们接触垃圾食品是很重要的，做到那一点的最好方法就是让我来指导他们做出健康的选择。”可知，垃圾食品对身体健康是有害无益的，作者会限制孩子摄入，故选A。B项“作者不需要教她的孩子们如何健康饮食”，C项“大多数孩子像扎克一样对垃圾食品有严重的反应”和D项“作者没有说服孩子们去选择健康的食物”的表述均与原文不符，故排除。
5.B细节理解题。根据第一段中Food poisoning is usually not serious，but some types are deadly…和最后一段内容可知，一般情况下食物中毒不严重，不会导致死亡，因此B项“Food poisoning means death”错误，故选B。
6.C细节理解题。根据第一段中The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知，食物中毒症状能在吃下有毒食物的几小时内被发现，故选C。
7.B细节理解题。根据文章二、三、四段开头句Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most sorts of food poisoning. Some chemicals（化学制品）can also cause food poisoning.”和“Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that a are harmful to people.”可知，导致食物中毒的原因有：某些微生物、某些化学制品以及某些含有天然毒素的动植物。选项中A、C、D都被包括，B项“低温”不是导致食物中毒的原因。故选B。
8.D推理判断题。根据第五段中Food should be kept in a refrigerator…that grow in the wild.可知，为了避免食物中毒，不同种类的食物应该有不同的处理方式。故选D。根据第五段中people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild可知，不应该吃的是野蘑菇，而不是所有的蘑菇都不能吃，故排除A项：原文中并没有比较B、C两项中提到的事物，属于无根据的结论，故排除。
二、语法填空
1.It考查it作形式主语。句意：中国人似乎一直喜欢讨论北方人和南方人之间的差异。本句中It作形式主语，that引导主语从句。
2.what考查连接词。句意：中国的南方人一般一次只买一两顿饭需要的东西。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺宾语，指物，故本空应填what。
3.potatoes考查名词复数。句意：他们一次只买半颗大白菜、两个土豆和二十五克牛肉是正常的。根据空前two可知，本空应用复数形式potatoes。
4.However考查副词。空前句句意：他们一次只买半颗大白菜、两个土豆和二十五克牛肉是正常的。设空处所在句句意：而在北方，一个人要是这样做是要被嘲笑的。根据句意可知，本空前后是转折关系，故本空应填However。
5.is考查时态和主谓一致。句意：相反，购买足够一周的蔬菜和肉类是正常的。联系上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时。本句中动名词短语作主语，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式is。
6.be kept考查被动语态。句意：在北方，食物可以被保存很长时间……。主语Food和动词keep之间为被动关系，故本空应用被动语态be kept。
7.usually考查副词。句意：……因为那里通常是干冷的。本空在句中作状语，故本空应用副词usually，意为“通常”。
8.storing考查动名词。根据空前介词of可知，本空应用动名词storing作介词of的宾语。
9.bought考查过去分词。句意：但由于南方天气炎热潮湿，中国的南方人买的蔬菜仅够一顿饭或一天吃的。本空修饰名词vegetables，被修饰词和动词buy之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作定语。
10.better考查比较级。句意：也许这些关于不同习俗的争论能帮助我们更好地了解彼此。根据句意及空前much可知，本空应用副词well的比较级形式。
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