外研版（2019） 必修第二册 Unit4 Stage and screen Starting out—Understanding ideas 词汇精讲课堂课件（53张PPT）

(共53张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本：新外研
单元：必修二 Unit 4 (Starting out — Using language)
本单元词汇梳理
1. opera：歌剧诞生于16世纪末的意大利。最初，意大利人用短语opera in musica (works in music 音乐作品) 来表示歌剧，后来缩写为单词opera。
2. movement：move + -ment
隐喻：具体的身体部位的“活动” → 抽象的政治、社会等方面的“运动”
3. aspect： aspect (方面) 原本是一个天文学术语，表示“星体的相对位置”。它由“a- (to) + spect (to look 看) ”构成，字面意思就是“(星体相互) 观看对方”。后来衍生出“看待事物的方式”“事物呈现出来的外观”。
同根词：respect
4. prince：拓展 princess, king, queen
5. version：隐喻：具体的书籍等的“版本” → 抽象的人描述某一事件的“版本、说法”
6. string：细绳，联系rope (粗绳)
7. get across：get across sth / get sth across (to sb) (向某人) 解释清楚某物
8. female：正式用语 (对应 woman)；拓展male (对应man)
9. technique：来自词根techno- (art, skill 技术)；同根词：technology
10. transform：trans- (into another state 成为另一状态) + form (形成) → 使形成另一种状态 → 使改变形态
词块：transform sth / sb from sth into sth
11. universe：uni- (one 一) + vers- (to turn 转) → 转为一体的 → 宇宙
用法：与the连用；派生词：universal
12. incredible：同义词 unbelievable，意为“极好的；极大的”是非正式用语；派生词：incredibly (必修二U1)
13. energetic：energy (必修一U6) + -etic；词源义：active, full of energy
14. clap：拟声词，模仿鼓掌的声音
词块：clap one’s hands, clap sb / sth
15. edge：隐喻：具体的物体“边缘”→ 抽象的“优势”
词块：on the edge of, have / gain an edge on / over
16. emotion：精准的汉语释义“强烈的情感 (a strong feeling)”
派生词：emotional
17. anger：派生词：angry；词块：in anger
18. grief：尤指因某人去世而引起的“悲伤”，近义词sadness
bine：com- (together 一起) + -bini (two by two 二)；基本义是“使两者合在一起”
20. poetry：词族：poem, poet, poetry
21. explosive：词族：explode, explosion, explosive
22. tick all the right boxes：词源：在填写表格时，通常需要在相对应符合条件的方框里打勾 (tick the box)。tick all the boxes由此衍生，用来描述一个人或事物符合所有条件，故 “在所有的框里都打了勾”
23. applaud：具体的 “鼓掌” → 抽象的“称赞”；派生词：applause
24. grateful：近义词：thankful
核心句式：be grateful to sb for sth, I’d be grateful if you could …
25. extremely：extreme (adj 极端的) + -ly，相当于口语中very very
26. overcome：词块：overcome the problem / difficulty, be overcome with grief
27. ballet：音译词“芭蕾”
词源： ballet 来自意大利语 balletto (ball 舞会+ let 小形式)，最初指的是15世纪时流行于意大利宫廷中的一种舞蹈表演。ballet后兴盛于法国，经由法语进入英语，所以发音也具有法语特点，最后一个t不发音。
28. absorbed：absorb (v 吸收)+ -ed (分词形容词)
absorb：一词多义，基本义“吸收”
词块：be absorbed in
29. romantic：音译词“罗曼蒂克 (浪漫的)”
30. documentary：document (n 文件) + -ary (构成形容词和名词后缀)
31. absolutely：absolute (adj 绝对的) + -ly
32. episode：常用义：（电视剧中的）一集；美剧中的season（季）和episode（集）
33. put on：一词多义：基本义“把……放在……上”（由小品词on决定）
34. appealing：appeal (v 有吸引力) + -ing
appeal：ap- (= ad, to 去) + -pel (to drive 驱动、推进) → 将某人赶到、驱使到某事物上，后衍生出“呼吁”等词义
词块：appeal (to sb) for sth, appeal to sb to do sth, appeal to sb
35. definitely：definite (adj 确定的，肯定的) + -ly；
近义词 certainly；句子副词
36. plot：阴谋、密谋 → 小说的故事情节
名词动词化
37. rude：近义词impolite，反义词polite
核心句式：it’s rude (of sb) to do sth, be rude to sb
38. transport：trans- (into another place) + -port- (to carry 运输、携带)
词块：public transport
熟词生义：使进入特定境地：Humor transports your mind away from your daily troubles. 2020 江苏改
39. arrangement：arrange + -ment (arrange基本义“排列”)
词块：make arrangements for, flower arrangement (插花)
重难点词
精讲
overcome
absorb & absorbed
appeal & appealing
trans- 前缀
combine
一词多义
搭配义
一词多义
一词多义
构词法
put on
一词多义
arrange & arrangement
一词多义
英语释义
搭配义
edge
一词多义
《变形金刚》（Transformers）是历史上最成功的商业动画之一，最初改编自日本TAKARA TOMY公司的戴亚克隆和微星系列。它在玩具市场和音像市场上取得的成功是空前巨大的，以至于80年代一度风靡全球，在亚欧美等多个国家都兴起了一股“变形”热，让“transformers”成为全世界家喻户晓的名词。前后进行了真人电影化以及游戏化。
transport
说出下列句子中画线词的释义。
1. Water can transform a desert into a garden.
2. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. 2010 重庆
3. At present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine are being transported to the earthquake-stricken areas. 2008 湖北
4. The transatlantic flights fly across the Atlantic Ocean.
5. This local company has been taken over by a transnational company.
使改变 (desert → garden)
翻译 (one language → another language)
运输 (one place → another place)
由上面的句子可以发现，前缀trans-加在单词前构成动词，意思是 “进入（另一地方）”或“成为（另一状态）(into another place or state)”；构成形容词，意思是“横穿；超越 (across; beyond)”。
横渡大西洋的 (across the Atlantic Ocean)
跨国的 (across the nations)
根据trans-前缀的意思，结合语境猜测下列句子中画线词的意思。
1. Doctors transplanted a dead person’s heart into a two-year-old child.
2. We were transferred from one bus into another.
3. You are not planning to transfer to a different university next year, are you 2014 上海
移植
换乘
转校
词源义：“角、边缘、尖 ” (corner, edge, point)，基本义是“边缘”。
edge n [C]
边；边缘：
Billy sat on the edge of the desk, swinging his legs.
He stood at the water’s edge staring across the lake.
Yu Min is a leading scientist at the cutting edge of nuclear technology.
刀口；刃；利刃：
The knife has no / a sharp edge.
优势
edge 词源解读
物体的“边缘”
刀等的“边缘”
优于其他事物的“边缘”
have / gain an edge on / over 比……占优势；胜过：
I can’t beat you at tennis, but I have / gain an edge on you
in ping-pong.
on the edge of 在……边缘；……快要发生 (尤指不好的事)：
People seemed to be living on the edge of their nerves.
on the edge of one’s seat 极为激动；异常兴奋：
The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats.
■ vi & vt (使) 徐徐移动；给……加边：
She edged a little closer to me.
边缘
edge
（基本义）
物体的“边缘”
优势
优于其他事物的“边缘”
刀等的“边缘”
边；边缘
刀口；刃；利刃
edge 语义网络图
combine v
vi & vt (使) 结合；(使) 组合：
Theory must be combined with practice.
The idea of garden city was to combine the
best of town and country in a new kind of settlement. 2011 江西改
combine词源解读
combine由com- (together) + -bini (two by two)构成。词源同two。基本义是“使两者合在一起”。
【词汇拓展】
combination n 结合 (体)；联合 (体)；混合
vt 兼备；兼顾：
The hotel combines comfort and convenience.
Like her mother Marie Curie, Irene combined family and career.
vi & vt (使) 化合；(使) 混合：
Steel is produced by combining iron with carbon.
combine既可以指物理属性发生变化的化合又可指物理属性未发生变化的混合。
combine语义网络图
combine
合在一起
(基本义)
(使) 化合；
(使) 混合
(使) 结合；
(使) 组合
(使) 抽象的事物“合在一起”
(使)具体的物质“合在一起”
兼备
把两件或以上的事“合在一起”
把两个或多个特点“合在一起”
兼顾
战胜；克服：
overcome the enemy / the difficulties
If you work hard, you will overcome this problem.
[常用于被动语态] 受到……的极大影响：
Overcome by curiosity, the boy looked out the window.
Her parents were overcome with grief at the funeral.
overcome (overcame, overcome) vt
to absorb the impact
absorb
absorb 词源解读
absorb的词源义及基本义是“suck in”，意为“吸吮、吸收”
absorb vt
吸收 to take in and hold sth (a liquid, heat, etc.)：
A transparent object doesn’t absorb light. 2015 北京改
One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year.
吸纳 to take sth into sth larger, so that it becomes part of it：
Service work absorbed a great number of women who arrived in the cities from the country.
理解；掌握 to take sth into the mind and learn or understand it (take in)：
absorb new knowledge / information
I’ve just been so busy studying and trying to absorb
all the new things around me.
吸引；使专心 to interest sb so much that they don’t pay attention to other things：
This work has absorbed him for years.
缓冲：
Well-designed sports shoes should absorb the impact on your feet.
吸收
（基本义）
“吸收”某物
“吸收”个体成为集体的一部分
“吸收”知识、信息等并掌握
“吸收”某人的注意力、兴趣等
“吸收”冲击力以缓冲
吸收
吸纳
理解；掌握
吸引；使专心
缓冲
absorb语义网络图
absorbed adj 专心致志的；全神贯注的：
When something did interest me, I could become absorbed. 2016 北京
(be) absorbed in:
When deeply absorbed in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. 2012 北京改
put on
看图
猜释义
put on
put on clothes
put on a performance
put a tax on
put on a lot of weight
穿上
上演
征收 (税金等)
增加
穿上；戴上 反 take off ；抹：
Remember to put on more clothes to keep warm.
Protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you
head outside. 2019 全国
使运转；播放：
I put on the car flashlights and drove on
at a really low speed. 2011 广东
I didn’t see him but I heard him put on
his favourite CD.
put on
增加 (gain)：
He’s put on a lot of weight.
上演 (戏剧等)：
We once put on a performance of Hamlet.
征收 (税金等)；施加 (压力)；将……归咎：
put a tax on
They put pressure on her to resign.
He put the blame for his failure on me.
把……放在……上
（基本义）
把衣服等放在身上
把光盘等放在设备上
把体重等放在身体上
把戏剧等放在舞台上
把金钱加在某金额上
把压力、责备等放在人身上
穿上；戴上
使运转；播放：
增加
上演 (戏剧等)
征收 (税金等)；施加 (压力)；将……归咎
put on 语义网络图
把护肤品等放在脸上
抹
appeal
各类软件的账户如果无法登陆时，我们会用到这一功能，以此账户申诉找回账户密码重新登陆。
“账户申诉”英文为“Account Appeal”。
appeal词源解读
ap- (= ad, to 去) + -pel (to drive 驱动、推进) ，将某人赶到、驱使到某事物上，即要“呼喊”“呼叫”(to call)，基本义为“呼喊”“呼叫”。
appeal
■ v
vi 呼吁；恳请：
① appeal (to sb) (for sth):
The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl.
② appeal to sb to do sth:
The government is appealing to everyone to save water.
vi 有吸引力；有感染力：
Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women. 2011 江西
vi & vt 上诉；申诉：
She’s not happy with the decision and plans to appeal.
vi 启发；激发：
They needed to appeal to his sense of justice.
appeal ■ n
[C] & [U] 呼吁；恳请：
make / launch an appeal for money and clothes
The organization has made / launched an appeal to the public to raise 150,000 for the sick kid.
[U] 吸引力；魅力：
Small cars are economical of fuel,so they have / hold wide / popular / more appeal for consumers.
[C] & [U] 上诉；申诉；上诉权：
The sentence was reduced to three years on appeal.
appeal语义网络图
“呼叫”某人做某事
“呼叫”起某人的兴趣
向法庭“呼叫”
“呼叫”起某人的想法、情感等
呼吁；恳请
有吸引力；有感染力
上诉；申诉
启发；激发
呼喊；呼叫
(基本义)
呼吁；恳请
吸引力；魅力
上诉；申诉；上诉权
n
v
appealing adj 有吸引力的；恳求的：
Harry Potter stories are so appealing that they encourage children to read more.
The pet dog looked at her master with an appealing and frightened look.
有哪些词可以表示有吸引力的，吸引眼球的？
attractive
eye-catching
fascinating
inviting
breath-taking
charming
absorbing
appealing
arrange & arrangement
range: 范围、范畴；
在一定范围内将人或者物按照一定的次序排列或者不超出某种范围，这就是动词arrange，它的基本义就是 to place things in order
arrange (fresh / artificial) flowers
flower arrangement
插花用英语怎么说？
arrange v
vt 排列；整理 to put sth in a particular order：
You can arrange things from beginning to end, small to large or by some other order. 2012 陕西
vt & vi 安排；筹划：
My dad arranged some swimming lessons to surprise me.
arrange (for sb / sth) to do sth:（重点词块）
Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.
vt 编写 / 改编 (乐曲) to write or change a piece of music：
write and arrange musical compositions
具体
熟词生义
抽象
arrange语义网络图
排列
arrange
(基本义)
安排；筹划
排列；整理
“排列”某物
“排列”事情
编写 / 改编（乐曲）
“排列”音符
arrangement n
[C] [常用复数] 安排；筹备 a plan or preparation：
travel arrangements
Our college is to make arrangements for the meeting.
[C] [常用复数] 安排方式 the way things are done or organized：
The airport is currently reviewing its new security arrangements.
[C] & [U] 排列；布置 a group of things that are put in a particular way：
the seating arrangements
[C] & [U] 商定；约定 sth that has been organized or agreed on (agreement)：
We have come to an arrangement — she gives me a ride to school and I help her with her English.
本单元金句汇总
1. Theory must be combined with practice.
2. If you work hard, you will overcome this problem.
3. When deeply absorbed in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.
4. He’s put on a lot of weight.
5. The government is appealing to everyone to save water.
6. Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women.
7. Harry Potter stories are so appealing that they encourage children to read more.
8. Our college is to make arrangements for the meeting.
随堂检测
transform & transport
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power. (2018 浙江) _____________
2. The car is a convenient means of transport. (2014 天津) _____________
3. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. (2017 全国) _____________
4. The film transports you back to China in the 1980s.
_____________
5. It is easy to go anywhere from the hotel by public transport. (2012 陕西) _____________
使改变
交通方式
运输
使进入某种特定情境
公共交通
edge
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Don’t put that glass so near the edge of the table. _____________
2. He handed me a knife with a sharp edge. _____________
3. Having spent a year in New York, she hoped she would have the edge over the other language students. _____________
4. He edged closer to the telephone, ready to grab it. _____________
5. The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats. _____________
6. Developments in computer chip (芯片) design are at the cutting edge of the technological revolution (革命). _____________
边缘
刀刃
优势
徐徐移动
兴奋不已
最前沿 / 尖端
combine
一、在空白处填入combine的正确形式。
1. — In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
— I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two __________. (2010 福建)
2. In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, ____________ the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”. (2015 福建)
3. The ____________ weight of the earth’s bacteria is 400 billion tons.
4. I know how I achieved my success. It came from good planning and better doing ___________. (2016 浙江)
5. The _____________ of Fox and Disney will lead to billions of dollars in “synergies” (合并).
combined
combined
combined
combining
combination
二、根据所给提示，用combine翻译下列句子。
1. 把工作和娱乐结合起来对你来说是件好事。(it作形式主语, business)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们仍在寻找兼具所有必要品质的人选。(定语从句) ________________________________________________________________________________________________
We are still looking for someone who combines all the necessary qualities.
It will be a good thing for you to combine business and / with pleasure.
overcome
根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 要不是老师们的支持，我无法克服这个困难。(2017 江苏)
Were it not for the support of the teachers, _____________________________________________.
2. 她终于克服了上课时的羞怯。(manage)
______________________________________________________
3. 她激动得难以自持，有好几分钟说不出话来。(emotion)
_____________________________, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes.
I could not overcome the difficulty
Overcome with / by emotion
Eventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class.
absorb
一、选出画线词的正确释义。
a. 理解 b. 吸收 c. 缓冲 d. 吸引
__________ 1. When condors (秃鹰) eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead (铅), they absorb large quantities of lead. (2016 北京)
__________ 2. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). (2015 广东)
__________ 3. The movement and noise of the machines absorbed him completely.
__________ 4. Jump with your knees bent, so they absorb less impact.
b
a
d
c
二、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 由于专注于他的工作，他都没听到人们进来。
__________________________________________________
2. 她坐在椅子上专注地看书。
__________________________________________________
三、选出画线词的正确释义。
承担 b. 消耗 c. 并入
__________ 1. Defence spending absorbs almost 20% of the country’s wealth.
__________ 2. The company is unable to absorb such huge losses.
__________ 3. The surrounding (周围的) small towns have been absorbed into the city.
Absorbed in his work, he didn’t hear people come in.
She sat on the chair, absorbed in her book.
b
a
c
《麦克白》(Macbeth)是英国剧作家莎士比亚创作的戏剧，创作于1606年。讲述了利欲熏心的国王和王后对权力的贪婪及其统治最后被推翻的过程。
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I put on hand cream whenever my hands get dry. __________
2. Firstly, please do remember to put on some comfortable shoes. (2016 全国) ___________
3. The local drama club is putting on Macbeth. ___________
4. She put on some music while they ate. ___________
put on
播放
穿上
上演
涂抹 / 擦
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers’ senses. (2015 重庆) ______________
2. Reality TV seems to appeal much more to the younger audience. (2008 上海) ______________
3. In 1887, she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature (立法机关) to issue a licence (执照) to her but they, too, refused. (2014 山东) ______________
4. What I am eager to do is to raise people’s awareness of animal protection and appeal to more people to care for our earth companies. (2011 重庆) ______________
appeal
启发；激发
吸引
上诉；申诉
呼吁
二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空。
1. Lisa See has written several best-selling novels about Chinese-related subjects. She says those themes have special appeal _________ her.
2. The food especially appeals ________ health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架). (2011 湖南)
3. They have appealed __________ the international community __________ assistance, as more storms are expected to hit soon.
4. Today, WHO has launched an appeal, through the United Nations, ___________ funding to support the emergency response to this outbreak.
for
to
to
for
for
一、写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. The secretary arranged a convenient time and place for the
applicants to have an interview. (2012 天津) __________
2. The children were arranged in lines according to height.
__________
3. He arranged traditional folk songs for the piano. __________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. I’ve ________________________ (安排和一个朋友一起去) to a new Chinese restaurant downtown. (2009 湖南)
2. Beth _________________ (安排了一个会议) with the marketing
director.
arrange & arrangement
arranged to go with a friend
arranged a meeting
安排
排列
改编
3. If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5:00 pm next Thursday so that we will ____________________________ (做出必要的安排). (2009辽宁 书面表达)
4. The school _____________________ (与……有协议) local businesses.
5. There are __________________ (特殊的安排) for people working overseas.
6. The house was always decorated with imaginative __________________ (插花).
make necessary arrangements
has an arrangement with
special arrangements
flower arrangements
谢
谢
观
赏