-2023届高三英语二轮复习名词性从句课件(40张ppt)

(共40张PPT)
Noun Clause
名词性从句
Where the girl lives is still unknown.
The question is where the girl lives now.
This is the place where the girl lives.
The girl lives where her mother lives.
I have no idea where her mother lives.
主从
表从
定从
状从
同位语从
名词性从句
noun clause
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
1. When we will start is not clear.
2. She won’t believe that her son has become a thief.
3. My idea is that we should do it right now.
4. I had no idea that you were her friend.
5. Pay attention to what the doctor said.
6. Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy
7. He is pleased that he has passed the test.
8. I’m sure that he will come and join us.
判断是名词性从句的哪一类
从属连词
连接代词
连接副词
that（无词义）, whether, if （是否）
as if/as though (好像)
what, who, whom, whose, which,
whoever, whatever, whichever
when, where, how, why
有词义，
但不做成分
有词义，做主，宾，表，定语
有词义，
做状语成分
一 连接词
that
what
whether, if
1
2
3
4
Who whoever /what whatever ……
二.本节重点引导词
1.That they are good at English is known to us all.
2.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
3.She expressed the hope that they would come to China
one day.
结论1： 一般情况下，在______________________从句中，
that不可省略。
主语、同位语、表语
1. that 无意义 不做成分 ？ 可省吗？
I heard(that)he joined the army.结论2：在_________通常可以省略。He said (that) the meeting was very important andthatwe should take part in it.宾语从句但在宾语从句中，有情况that不可省略。I am satisfiedthatwhat should be done has already done.结论3：在由that引导的宾语从句中，宾语从句本身又是复合句，that不可以省略。---What did you tell him yesterday ---That I would go abroad.结论4：在简短回答中，宾语从句中that不可以省略。I don’t doubt, in any case,thathe will succeed.结论5：在主句和从句之间插入了一个时间状语或其他短语时，that不可以省略。2.whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下情况下，只能用whether.Whether he will come is unknown.
2. 表语从句.
The question is whether you should accept it.
3. 同位语从句.
The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided.
1. 主语从句. （主语从句中，it 作形式主语时，可用if )
4. 从句作介词的宾语。
I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not.
It depends on whether we have got enough money.
5. 直接跟不定式连用 (to do )。
She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.
用if 或whether 填空
1. I don’t know __________ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is ______ this book is worth writing.
4. It depends on ______ we will have enough money.
5. ______ they can do it matters little to us.
6._______ you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.
7. ________ you go or stay at home won’t make any differences.
whether/if
whether
whether
whether
Whether
If
Whether
典型例题
我不知道他到底喜欢什么。
I don’t know ______________________.
这个城市不再是它五年前的样子了。
The city today is no longer ______ it was 5 years ago.
what he really likes
what
3. what
1） 区别what与that
例题1
____ we can’t get seems better than ______ we have.
A. what; what B. what; that
C. that; that D. that ; what
例题 2
__________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. That B. what C. how D. where
总结归纳: 引导主，宾，表语从句时，what在句子中做成分，而that只在语法上起连接作用 不做任何成分
1. ___ he will come to the discussion is certain.
2. ___ I like best is a book.
3. ___ I like the book best is known to everyone.
4. ___ she looked after the old patient a whole year
moves us all.
5. ___ puzzled the police specially was how the
murder died.
6. ___ surprised me most was ____ she looked after the old patient a whole year .
the book
That
What
That
That
What
What
that
the old patient
基础过关
2） 区别what与which
A. --Do you know ____ Mr. Black’s address is
---He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______.
B.I read about it in some book or other ; does it matter ______ it was.
what
which
which
总结归纳: what表什么 （无选择范围）
which 表选择 哪一个（有选择范围）
4.Whoever ,whatever, whichever 与no matter whono matter whatno matter which的区别whoever, whatever, whichever即可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句no matter who , no matter what, no matter which只能引导让步状语从句1）Wherever /no matter where you go and whatever/no matter what you do, I’ll be right here waiting for you.
2）Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
思考：第二个句子能用no matter who 吗？为什么？
例题1 It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A. However B. whatever
C. whichever D. whenever
2._______ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. the one C.Anyone D. Whoever
3. Could I speak to _______ is in charge of International Sales please (09全国）
A. Who B. what C. whoever D. whatever
4. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ______ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.（10.川）
A. What B. who C. how D. why
归纳总结：
What/who含特指意义，而whatever/whoever 表泛指，无论什么、无论谁
whatever=anything that;
Whoever= anyone who/whom;
一、语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
三 其它问题分析
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
1. Can you tell me how many students are there
in your class
2. I don't know where has he gone.
3. The owner of the shop came to see what
the matter was.
　　
Can you tell me how many students there are
in your class
I don't know where he has gone.
The owner of the shop came to see what was
the matter.
规律：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！
What’s wrong What’s the matter
What’s happening What happened
注：当从句的原句为以下句子
以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
1.The radio says it _______ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2.The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
3. I hear they __________ (return) it already.
4. He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
5. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)
will be
goes
have returned
had been
rises
二、 时态
1、名词性从句的引导词问题
问题1：
Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped. （05安徽卷）
A. what; when B. that; which
C. what; which D. which; that
前句考查的是 that 与 what 的区别。that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，而 what 可充当名词性的成分。前句的表语从句中还缺少表语，故只能用 what。后句是定语从句，修饰 20 years ago，所以须用 when。
四，刷题巩固
问题2：
1) What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover
from the serious disease soon. (上海2001)
A. when B. if C. whether D. why
2) Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object
and _______it is rough or smooth. （05天津卷）
A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. what
在名词性从句中表示“是否”这一概念时，连词 if 一般只能引导宾语从句，而题1是表语从句，故不能选B；注意doubt 的用法，如果是肯定句，用 whether，如果是否定句，用 that。宾语从句中，以下情况只用 whether 不用 if：① 与 or 连用时；② 后接不定式短语时；③ 在 decide ; be sure 等动词后。
问题3：
______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988)
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
whoever 引导名词性从句时表示“无论哪一个”，相当于 anyone who；who 引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的“谁”。根据该题的意思不难作出选择。选项A, B后都缺少了 who，而引导定语从句的 who 是不能省略的。
同时还需要注意 whoever 与 no matter who; whatever 与 no matter what 等的区别。wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句，而 no matter wh- 只能引导状语从句。
问题4：
1) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___
silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷）
A. what B. that C. how D. which
2) Parents are taught to understand ______ important education
is to their children’s future. （04广东）
A. that B. how C. such D. so
what 与 how 引导感叹句时，what 后加名词，how 后加形容词和副词。其结构为：What + (a) + (adj.) + n. 但要注意在 what 后不能加表示数量的 many; much; few; little 等词。 How + adj. + (a )+ (n.)，要注意的是 how 后的名词只能为单数名词。题1中是复数名词，只能用 what；题2中的正常语序是 …education is important to their …，所以选B。
1、Scientists think that the continents _____ always where they
_____ today. (05北京卷)
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were
C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
2、— Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school
gate.
— Oh! I thought they ______ without me. (05江西卷)
A．went B．are going C．have gone D．had gone
当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。
2、名词性从句中的时态问题
1、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.
(全国2000)
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
2、 The photographs will show you ____．（MET1989）
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like 　　　　　　
名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题1中的干扰项是B，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用 it 而不用人称代词 he, I , you 等。题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了。
3、名词性从句中的语序问题
4. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气　
A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气　
在动词 suggest, order, command, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虚拟语气。
The teacher demanded that the work _____ before 4 o’clock.
A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish
2. --- What did the doctor say about your mother’s illness
--- He suggested that she _____ an operation at once.
A. must have B. had C. have D. had had
B、主语从句中的虚拟语气　
基本句型：
It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do
It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative… that+ (should) do
It is a pity, a shame, no wonder …that + (should) do
1. Is it necessary that he _____ the examination
A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take
2. It is strange that he _____ you this.
A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told
C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气　
在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面
的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动
词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
1.His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable.
A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try
5、 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的问题
问题1：
1、_____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an
international language. (NMET1995)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
2、 I like______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and
bright. （04全国I）
A this B that C it D one
3、The chairman thought ______ necessary to invite Professor
Smith to speak at the meeting. （05全国卷1）
A．that B．it C．this D．him
主语、宾语从句常用先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。但由 whatever, whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。