人教版（新课标）2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次英语月考检测题
英语考试
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第Ⅰ卷 客观题
第Ⅰ卷的注释
阅卷人 一、任务型阅读
得分
1．任务型阅读
Although most parents don't like doing it after a long and exhausting workday, reading bedtime stories does make a positive influence on your child's emotional and mental health.
It helps to develop children's imagination.
Reading bedtime stories can develop your children's ability to form pictures or ideas in their mind. A healthy imagination makes their minds work well and teaches them to think quickly yet effectively.
It improves children's language.
Reading also improves your children's language. They'll most likely use those words in the stories you read right after they hear them. Listening to many stories helps kids to express their opinions better.
Reading books makes people more learned. When children hear the stories you tell, they learn grammar and vocabulary, for example. It helps them be successful in school as they already know a lot from your stories. What's more, every story has its moral aspect and tells them what's good and what's bad.
These reasons leave no chances of doubting whether to read bedtime stories to your children or not. They will thank you in future, I promise.
A. It makes children knowledgeable.
B. It fosters children's affection for reading.
C. Bedtime stories create just unforgettable moments.
D. They remember most words you say and enlarge their vocabulary.
E. Take a look at the best benefits of it and you'll never be lazy to do that.
F. They'll be successful in many aspects thanks to a wonderful imagination.
G. So however tired you are, find time to read bedtime stories to your children.
阅卷人 二、语法填空
得分
2．语法填空
Change is much easier when you have many supporting partners and unlimited resources. But, since it is often the shock of a death, divorce or some other life tragedy that (push) us out of our comfort zone to take care of ourselves, it can mean (force) to start to be independent, which for many of us is the scariest part of all.
Probably the most difficult thing about seeking significant change is doing it you don't have financial or emotional tools available to make the process go (smooth). But sometimes reaching our full potential means working without safety net. For those truly (devote) to their mission, having fewer resources can be a surprising blessing as it forces them to get (create)and explore new paths.
I don't know if it's possible to leave this world zero regrets. Because of the natural life cycles and the fact that sometimes it's the tragedy that causes our awakenings, we often realize it too late to avoid certain painful (outcome).
Please keep in mind that the choice belongs to each of us. We all have the power to change and give more intentional (direct) to the remainder of our lives.
第Ⅱ卷 客观题
第Ⅱ卷的注释
阅卷人 三、阅读理解
得分
3．阅读理解
The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity — roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meal tickets worth $ 36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.
The plan, a world-first, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard，hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I don't think people will take advantage of our programme.”
Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36 % of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen. dk. US environmental website recently voted Copenhagen the world's best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotel's green profile (形象).”
If successful，the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.
（1）What is the main purpose of the free meal programme
A．To promote the hotel's green concept.
B．To make the city known to the world.
C．To attract people to the hotel restaurant.
D．To get guests to stay longer at the hotel.
（2）How can a participant get a free meal
A．By becoming a professional cyclist.
B．By cycling to produce some electricity.
C．By linking a smart phone to a bicycle.
D．By monitoring his or her carbon footprint.
（3）Who are most likely to enter for the programme
A．The poor local people. B．The environment activists.
C．Health-conscious hotel guests. D．Visitors fond of Copenhagen food.
（4）According to Paragraph 3, Copenhagen has one of the world's .
A．best chain hotels
B．greenest natural environments
C．longest bike paths
D．highest rates of people cycling to work
4．阅读理解
Now, I've talked much about education. I've talked about teachers' responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn. I've talked about your parents' responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV .I've talked a lot about your government's responsibility for setting high standards.
But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, the best schools in the world-and none of it will make a difference, none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities, unless you show up to those schools, unless you pay attention to those teachers, unless you listen to your parents and grandparents and other adults and put in the hard work it takes to succeed. That's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.
I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself. Every single one of you has something that you're good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That's the opportunity an education can provide.
And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you'll need an education to do it. You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military You're going to need a good education for every single one of those careers. You cannot drop out of school and just drop into a good job. You've got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.
That's okay. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures. J.K. Rowling's who wrote Harry Potter- her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team. He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that's why I succeed.”
And even when you're struggling, even when you're discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you, don't ever give up on yourself, because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
（1）The passage is probably .
A．a speech B．a report C．news D．a story
（2）The underlined expression “stay on track” in the first paragraph means .
A．run after someone B．act correctly
C．travel by train D．race on the playground
（3）Which of the following statements does the passage tell us
A．Well begun, half done.
B．Never too late to mend.
C．Spare the rod, spoil the child.
D．Achievements rely on people themselves.
（4）The last two paragraphs tell people that .
A．being refused is vital.
B．being discouraged is necessary.
C．love of the country is the most important.
D．failure is the mother of success.
5．阅读理解
Stephen Hawking knew what he wanted to do by the time he was eight years old. His parents lived in London where his father was undertaking research into medicine. He did not want to follow his father as his parents hoped. Mathematics was not available at University College, so he did Physics instead. Stephen was interested in studying the universe.
But when he was 21, he was told that he had ALS—an incurable nerve disease, which affects walking, speaking, breathing, swallowing, etc. The doctors predicted that he had only a few years to live. “The doctors' grim prognosis made me determined to get the most from a life I had previously taken for granted and life was no longer boring for me,” Hawking says today, speaking from his wheelchair through a computerized voice synthesizer.
He didn't die. Instead, as his physical condition worsened, Hawking's reputation in scientific circles grew. Hawking himself acknowledges his disease as being a crucial factor in focusing his attention on what turned out to be his real strength: theoretical research.
In 1988, Stephen Hawking published a book called A Brief History of Time. The book tries to explain many of Hawking's physical and mathematical ideas and calculations without using maths. The book became a best seller and his later books are Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays and most recently in 2001,The Universe in a Nutshell. Of the three, the first one was made into a film in 1991.
Hawking says, “You have to be positive if you're to get much sympathy or help. Nowadays, muscle power is obsolete. What we need is mind power—and disabled people are as good at that as anyone else.”
（1）What career did Hawking's parents wish him to take up
A．To study physics. B．To study the universe.
C．To study medicine. D．To study mathematics.
（2）Which book of Stephen Hawking's was made into a movie
A．The Universe in a Nutshell.
B．Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays.
C．A Brief History of Time.
D．All of the above.
（3）According to Hawking, his disease .
A．stopped him making greater achievements
B．stopped him outweighing other famous scientists
C．caused him to focus his attention on the research
D．caused him to lose the hope of life
（4）What would be the best title of the passage
A．Stephen Hawking and the universe
B．The life story of Stephen Hawking
C．A disabled person worked wonders
D．Disabled people don't lack mind power
6．阅读理解
It's time to teach kids how to play. Play can teach them important life skills. Their imagination will also be inspired.
Play a game. Dig out your board games. Checkers, chess and Monopoly are all great games.
Hands-on fun. Bring out playdough (橡皮泥). Your children may roll their eyes at this one, but you would be surprised at how they will sit down and keep themselves entertained with it.
Build something. Lego, Lincoln Logs and K'NEX. How many of our kids still have these in the back of their closets Try building something using toothpicks and connecting them together with glue. As the things you build dry, they become stronger and you can keep them around for a while.
Go outdoors. Outdoor games like marbles and hopscotch not only interest your kids, they will also improve coordination (协调) skills. Too hot or cold out The garage, basement or kitchen floors will be OK, too.
Become an outdoor artist. Buy a box of colored chalk from the local store and let your kids create their own works on your front or back sidewalks. Take pictures of them for your family album.
Are these new ideas Of course not. But when our kids are given a choice of any of these “offline” activities or the chance to watch TV or play computer games, what are they going to choose When you unplug your kids, they will learn how to play again simply because they have nothing else to do. They will find other activities to keep themselves entertained.
（1）According to the passage, K'NEX _________.
A．is a kind of toys children can use to build something
B．is a book about how to build things you like
C．can be used to join things together
D．can be used to dry things
（2）In the writer's opinion, _________.
A．“offline” activities do more harm than good to kids
B．children today have no interest in outdoor games
C．play is a good way to inspire kids' imagination
D．few children today are interested in play dough
（3）What does the underlined part “unplug your kids” in the last paragraph mean
A．Give them the chance to do things as they please.
B．Make your kids stay away from TVs and computers.
C．Keep your kids away from games or outdoor activities.
D．Keep your kids in a quiet and lonely place for a long time.
（4）The passage is intended for ________.
A．children B．parents C．teachers D．students
7．阅读理解
There are many dangerous sea creatures in the world. The following are some examples.
The needlefish are commonly seen living near the surface of tropical (热带的) waters. But they can also break cover the water，and once in the air they can become dangerous flying swords. Though it is rare，people have been seriously hurt and even killed by the fish．Night fishermen in small boats are at particular risk because their lights may attract the fish.
Saltwater crocodiles are the world's largest crocodiles，sometimes reaching 23 feet in length and topping 2，200 pounds. Yet these crocodiles hunt quietly，lying in wait below shoreline waters to attack turtles and thirsty animals that have come to drink. Saltwater crocodiles kill a number of people each year.
There is no doubt that the great white shark sits atop the ocean food chain. The world's largest fish can weigh at over 5，000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet. Great white sharks have about 3，000 teeth，which they typically sink into sea lions，seals，and sea turtles. These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.
The sea anemone (海葵) may look like the beautiful flower for which it's named，but fish that swim too close may regret it. The sea anemone，which lives on the sea floor，uses its poisonous tentacles (触须) to stab passing creatures with a kind of poison—making them helpless and fit to be eaten.
The surgeonfish (刺尾鱼) is an attractive reef fish that is poisonous. Scientists believe that the world's seas hold some 1, 200 different surgeonfish species and think that they injure about
50，000 people per year. But the surgeonfish poison can also bring great benefit—they are useful in the development of new drugs.
（1）The underlined phrase “break cover” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．jump out of B．break away from
C．get away from D．go back to
（2）How many attacks on humans do great white sharks do every year
A．About 26. B．About 45. C．About 60. D．About 75.
（3）It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A．the saltwater crocodiles are gentle and never hurt people
B．the sea anemone lives near the surface of the sea
C．the great white shark is the largest fish in the world
D．the needlefish live in the sea all around the world
（4）Which of the following can be used to benefit human society
A．The needlefish. B．The sea anemone.
C．The great white shark. D．The surgeonfish.
阅卷人 四、改错题
得分
8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分；
2）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
There were many people on the bus and no vacant seats. When a woman got off, a man near the door attempted to rise, but she had forced him back into his seat. “Thank you,” she said, “but please don't do that. I am perfect able to stand.” “But, madam, let me…” began the man. “I ask you to keep your seat,” interrupted a woman with the hands on her shoulders. So the man tried to rise, and said: “Madam, will you kindly permit me to… ” “No, no,” said the woman and again force him back. At last the man managed to get up, say: “Madam, you have carried me three block beyond my house. I want get off.”
阅卷人 五、书面表达
得分
9．请根据下面的图片，写一篇英语短文，描述图片信息并说出你对图片的理解。词数100左右。
As can be seen in the picture, a boy is rowing a boat trapped in a bottle floating on the surface of the sea. ……
答案解析部分
1．【答案】E；F；D；A；G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。给孩子读睡前故事对孩子的未来发展能起到助力作用。
（1）根据上下文可知,空处应填一个承上启下的句子,故选E项。
（2）根据本段的小标题"It helps to develop children's imagination"可知,本段主要讲的是给孩子读睡前故事有助于培养孩子的想象力，F项中的"imagination"是关键提示。故选F项。
（3）根据本段的小标题及D项中的"most words"与空后的"those words"的对应关系可知,空处讲的应是给孩子读睡前故事在扩大孩子的词汇量方面的作用,故选D项。
（4）根据本段的内容,尤其是第一句"Reading books makes people more learned"可知,本段主要讲的是给孩子读睡前故事可以使孩子更为博学,故选A项。
（5）根据空后的内容可知,空处的内容旨在劝说父母抽出时间给孩子读睡前故事。故选G项。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
2．【答案】pushes；being forced；when；smoothly；a；devoted；creative；with；outcomes；direction
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。选择权就在我们手中,我们都有能力去改变。
（1）句意：但是，因为常常是死亡、离婚或其他生活悲剧使我们走出舒适区照顾自己。考查动词时态和主谓一致。本文的基本时态是一般现在时,此处亦用一般现在时。本句是 强调句,强调的是or连接的并列主语,故谓语动词应与or之后的some other life tragedy保持一致,应用第三人称单数。故答案为pushes。
（2）句意：这可能意味着我们被逼开始变得独立。考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。根据句意可知,mean在此表 示"意味着",其后应接名词、动名词或代词作宾语;又因force与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，故答案为being forced。
（3）句意：当你在没有可用的经济或情感工具以使过程顺利的情况下去寻找改变时，这可能是关于寻求重大变化最困难的事情。考查连词及语境的理解。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导状语从句,且在从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
（4）当你在没有可用的经济或情感工具以使过程顺利的情况下去寻找改变时，这可能是关于寻求重大变化最困难的事情。考查副词及语境的理解。修饰动词go应用smooth的副词形式。故答案为smoothly。
（5）句意：但有时,充分发挥我们的潜能意味着我们要在没有完全网的情况下来付诸努力。考查冠词及语境的理解。net"网"是可数名词,此处表泛指，故答案为a。
（6）句意：对那些真正致力于他们的任务的人来说,有更少的资源可能会是一件出 人意料的好事。考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。devote与those是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。be devoted to...是固定短语,表示"投身于……,致力于……"。故答案为devoted。
（7）句意：因为它能迫使他们变得富有创造力并探索新的道路。考查形容词及语境的理解。分析句子结构可知,get 在句中为系动词,意为"变得",故此处应用形容词creative作表语。此处考生易错填creation。谓语动词get后的确可以用名词作宾语,但是如果填了creation,此处的语义就解释不通了。故答案为creative。
（8）句意：我不知道我们是否有可能毫无遗憾地离开这个世界。考查介词及语境的理解。with表示"带有"，符合语境。故答案为with。
（9）句意：我们总是太晚意识到这而不能避免某些令人痛苦的结果。考查名词及语境的理解。根据outcome 作"结果"讲时是可数名词以及空前无限定词修饰可知，故答案为outcomes。
（10）句意：我们都有能力去改变，并给我们的生活更多的有目的的方向。考查名词及语境的理解。根据空前的"intentional"可知此处填direct的名词形式direction。故答案为direction。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
3．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了哥本哈根一家宾馆推出了一项电动自行车免餐计划，内容是宾馆客人通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电就能得到免费的一餐。这项计划是为了增进人们的健康，推销宾馆的环保理念，如果成功，将会推广到英国所有Crowne Plaza宾馆。
（1） 考查细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.（这个想法是让人们健康，并减少他们的碳排放量。），即促进酒店的绿色理念。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机)可知，通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电的人们才能得到免费的一餐。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part.可知，只有住在酒店的客人才能参加。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world可知，哥本哈根是世界上骑自行车上班的人的比例最高的城市之一，故选D。
【点评】细节题解题技巧：直接信息题如果考查的是直接信息,同学们可以首先从题干中找到关键词（一般为名词、动词等实词）,然后以关键词为定位信息,快速在原文中搜索,找到相关信息作答。
4．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于自我约束，努力奋斗才能成功的演讲，列举了一些成功人士的经历告诫人们失败是成功之母，不要自我放弃。
（1）考查推理判断题。根据文章第一段一系列的I've talked about…我谈了…，可知这是一篇演讲。故选A。
（2）考查词义推测题。根据后边and you get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV完成你们的家庭作业，不要把每一个醒着的时间都花在电视机前，and连接并列的成分，可知前边stay on track走上正轨，也就是要确保继续学习。B项正确，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断题。根据第二段That's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education. 这就是我今天想要强调的：你们每个人对你们的教育都有责任。以及后边作者讲到的一些事例都说明成绩的取得要靠自己。D项符合，故选D。
（4）考查主旨题。文章最后两段讲述了哈利波特系列小说的作者的失败经历，迈克尔乔丹在成功前的多次失败经历，不要放弃自己，失败是成功之母。可知D正确，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意推理题一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的弦外之音。
5．【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章是Stephen Hawking的一篇传记，介绍了霍金对于所研究领域的选择,他何时患病,患病后的态度以及所取得的成就等。
（1）C细节理解题。根据第一段的第二、三句话His parents lived in London where his father w as undertaking research into medicine. He did not want to follow his father as his parents hoped.故答案为C。
（2）C细节理解题。根据第四段可知,霍金写的三本书中的第一本书在1991年被拍成了电影。故答案为C。
（3）C推理判断题。根据第三段的末句可知,霍金认为正是因为他的疾病才使得他把精力放在他擅长的领域。故答案为C。
（4）B主旨大意题。文章中提到了霍金对于所研究领域的选择,他何时患病,患病后的态度以及所取得的成就等,只有B项最能概括文意。故答案为B。
【点评】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
6．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。玩耍可以教给孩子们重要的生活技能。孩子的想象力也会得到激发。文章介绍了家长如何教会孩子们玩耍。
（1）推理判断题。由第四段中的“Build something. Lego, Lincoln Logs and K'NEX. How many of our kids still have these in the back of their closets Try building something using toothpicks and connecting them together with glue”的可知，K'NEX应该是和Lego（乐高），Lincoln Logs（林肯原木）一样的可拼装的玩具，孩子们可以把它建成各种各样的东西。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。由第一段中的“Play can teach them important life skills. Their imagination will also be inspired”可知，玩耍可以教给孩子们重要的生活技能。孩子的想象力也会得到激发。故答案为C。
（3）词义猜测题。由最后一段中的“when our kids are given a choice of any of these “offline” activities or the chance to watch TV or play computer games, what are they going to choose When you unplug your kids, they will learn how to play again simply because they have nothing else to do”可知，孩子们重新学会玩耍的前提是他们没有机会去玩电脑游戏，看电视。当孩子在玩耍，打电脑游戏，看电视中选择时，他们毫无疑问会选择玩游戏或者看电视。所以，只有当你使孩子远离电脑或电视的时候，他们才会重新学会玩耍。故划线部分意思应为B选项。故答案为B。
（4）推理判断题。由文章中反复出现的“your kids, your children”可知，该文是写给家长的。告诉家长如何教会自己的孩子玩耍。故答案为B。
【点评】英语阅读说明文解题技巧
说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
1、数字说明文
在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。
2、解释说明文
解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。
3、比较说明文
比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。
7．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了5种危险的海洋生物。
（1）考查词义猜测题。根据后文“once in the air”可知，needlefish在空中的时候会变成危险的飞剑，由此可以猜测画线短语的意思应该是“跳出(离)”之意。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解题。根据第四段“These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.”可知，大白鲨每年袭击人类次数大约为33～50次左右。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解题。根据第四段“The world's largest fish can weigh at over 5，000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet.”可知，大白鲨是世界上最大的鱼。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“they are useful in the development of new drugs”可知，刺尾鱼的毒可以制造药品，由此可知这种鱼可以造福人类社会。故选D。
【点评】 科普类阅读理解解题技巧：
1、学生需先通读短文，把握文章大意，了解该短文是解释何种科学现象或科学道理的，抓住体现本文主题的关键词和关键句，提高阅读速度。
2、要做好科普类文章试题，考生还要掌握这类文章的特点和结构，真正读懂并理解它。在阅读这类文章时要遵循此类文章的一般结构：导语、背景、主体和结尾。阅读时要注意开头和结尾，往往可以归纳出文中的中心思想。
3、在了解全文大意和结构的基础上，学会解决what/how/why等一类的问题，他们是文章的关键，如果能够带着这些问题去阅读，则会更迅速地抓住文章的主题。
另外，还要通过读书看报等多普及科普知识，比如：太空与海洋、环境与污染、科技与创造发明、医疗卫生，动物世界等。这样长期坚持，既开阔了视野又能正确迅速地做好此类题。
8．【答案】①off→on； ②去掉forced 前的had ；③perfect→perfectly ； ④a→the ；⑤her→his ； ⑥So→But； ⑦force→forced ； ⑧say→saying ； ⑨block→blocks ； ⑩want后加to
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，公共汽车上有很多人，没有空位。本文讲述了在这种境况下所发生的故事。
①考查介词。句意：一位妇女刚上车, 一个男人试图站起来。可知用get on固定短语，“上车”因此off改为on。
②考查时态。 文章记叙的是过去发生的事, 故用一般过去时，因此去掉forced 前的had 。
③考查副词。 修饰形容词应用副词，故把perfect改为perfectly。
④考查冠词。 特指前面提到的妇女, 故用定冠词，故把a改为the 。
⑤ 考查代词。此处指妇女把她的手放在男人的肩膀上(阻止他为自己让座)，因此her改为his 。
⑥考查连词。 男人想站起来, 可是妇女不让, 前后是转折关系, 故用but。因此把So改为But。
⑦考查时态。 动作发生在过去, 故用一般过去时，因此答案把force改为forced。
⑧考查非谓语动词。 say与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系, 故用现在分词作伴随状语，故把say改为saying。
⑨考查名词。 block为可数名词, 此处指三个街区, 所以用复数，故把block改为blocks 。
⑩考查固定短语。 want to do sth. “想要做某事”, 是固定搭配，故填want后加to 。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，时态，副词，冠词，代词，连词，非谓语动词以及固定短语等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
9．【答案】As can be seen in the picture, a boy is rowing a boat trapped in a bottle floating on the surface of the sea. It seems that he won't row his boat any further though he is making great efforts. The picture intends to convey the message that we shouldn't be stubborn to our own ideas when we are trying to reach our goals. In our daily life, we may meet with kinds of problems. We need to find different solutions to them. If we always stand by our opinions, we may get half the results with double the effort. Just like the boy in the picture, no matter how hard he is rowing, he will never row the trapped boat out of the bottle. In my opinion, only by opening our minds, can we solve the problems and reach our goals.
【知识点】图画式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇图画作文，属于开放性作文，写作时注意要点要齐全，重点是要从提示句的关键词出发，围绕关键词开拓思路，发挥联想。可以使用适当的连接词，使上下文行文流畅。此外，写这篇作文时，学生可以采取简单句和复合句结合的方法，使句型变幻多样。同时尽量使用熟悉的词汇及短语，尤其注意不要出现中国式英语，并在力所能及的范围之内使用复合句或者谚语，增加获得高分的可能性。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：It seems that he won't row his boat any further though he is making great efforts.运用了It seem s that句型；The picture intends to convey the message that we shouldn't be stubborn to our own ideas when we are trying to reach our goals. 运用了同位语从句和时间状语从句；If we always stand by our opinions, we may get half the results with double the effort. 运用了条件状语从句；no matter how hard he is rowing, he will never row the trapped boat out of the bottle.运用了让步状语从句；only by opening our minds, can we solve the problems and reach our goals.运用了倒装句。
1 / 1人教版（新课标）2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次英语月考检测题
英语考试
注意事项：
1、填写答题卡的内容用2B铅笔填写
2、提前 xx 分钟收取答题卡
第Ⅰ卷 客观题
第Ⅰ卷的注释
阅卷人 一、任务型阅读
得分
1．任务型阅读
Although most parents don't like doing it after a long and exhausting workday, reading bedtime stories does make a positive influence on your child's emotional and mental health.
It helps to develop children's imagination.
Reading bedtime stories can develop your children's ability to form pictures or ideas in their mind. A healthy imagination makes their minds work well and teaches them to think quickly yet effectively.
It improves children's language.
Reading also improves your children's language. They'll most likely use those words in the stories you read right after they hear them. Listening to many stories helps kids to express their opinions better.
Reading books makes people more learned. When children hear the stories you tell, they learn grammar and vocabulary, for example. It helps them be successful in school as they already know a lot from your stories. What's more, every story has its moral aspect and tells them what's good and what's bad.
These reasons leave no chances of doubting whether to read bedtime stories to your children or not. They will thank you in future, I promise.
A. It makes children knowledgeable.
B. It fosters children's affection for reading.
C. Bedtime stories create just unforgettable moments.
D. They remember most words you say and enlarge their vocabulary.
E. Take a look at the best benefits of it and you'll never be lazy to do that.
F. They'll be successful in many aspects thanks to a wonderful imagination.
G. So however tired you are, find time to read bedtime stories to your children.
【答案】E；F；D；A；G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。给孩子读睡前故事对孩子的未来发展能起到助力作用。
（1）根据上下文可知,空处应填一个承上启下的句子,故选E项。
（2）根据本段的小标题"It helps to develop children's imagination"可知,本段主要讲的是给孩子读睡前故事有助于培养孩子的想象力，F项中的"imagination"是关键提示。故选F项。
（3）根据本段的小标题及D项中的"most words"与空后的"those words"的对应关系可知,空处讲的应是给孩子读睡前故事在扩大孩子的词汇量方面的作用,故选D项。
（4）根据本段的内容,尤其是第一句"Reading books makes people more learned"可知,本段主要讲的是给孩子读睡前故事可以使孩子更为博学,故选A项。
（5）根据空后的内容可知,空处的内容旨在劝说父母抽出时间给孩子读睡前故事。故选G项。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
阅卷人 二、语法填空
得分
2．语法填空
Change is much easier when you have many supporting partners and unlimited resources. But, since it is often the shock of a death, divorce or some other life tragedy that (push) us out of our comfort zone to take care of ourselves, it can mean (force) to start to be independent, which for many of us is the scariest part of all.
Probably the most difficult thing about seeking significant change is doing it you don't have financial or emotional tools available to make the process go (smooth). But sometimes reaching our full potential means working without safety net. For those truly (devote) to their mission, having fewer resources can be a surprising blessing as it forces them to get (create)and explore new paths.
I don't know if it's possible to leave this world zero regrets. Because of the natural life cycles and the fact that sometimes it's the tragedy that causes our awakenings, we often realize it too late to avoid certain painful (outcome).
Please keep in mind that the choice belongs to each of us. We all have the power to change and give more intentional (direct) to the remainder of our lives.
【答案】pushes；being forced；when；smoothly；a；devoted；creative；with；outcomes；direction
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。选择权就在我们手中,我们都有能力去改变。
（1）句意：但是，因为常常是死亡、离婚或其他生活悲剧使我们走出舒适区照顾自己。考查动词时态和主谓一致。本文的基本时态是一般现在时,此处亦用一般现在时。本句是 强调句,强调的是or连接的并列主语,故谓语动词应与or之后的some other life tragedy保持一致,应用第三人称单数。故答案为pushes。
（2）句意：这可能意味着我们被逼开始变得独立。考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。根据句意可知,mean在此表 示"意味着",其后应接名词、动名词或代词作宾语;又因force与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，故答案为being forced。
（3）句意：当你在没有可用的经济或情感工具以使过程顺利的情况下去寻找改变时，这可能是关于寻求重大变化最困难的事情。考查连词及语境的理解。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导状语从句,且在从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
（4）当你在没有可用的经济或情感工具以使过程顺利的情况下去寻找改变时，这可能是关于寻求重大变化最困难的事情。考查副词及语境的理解。修饰动词go应用smooth的副词形式。故答案为smoothly。
（5）句意：但有时,充分发挥我们的潜能意味着我们要在没有完全网的情况下来付诸努力。考查冠词及语境的理解。net"网"是可数名词,此处表泛指，故答案为a。
（6）句意：对那些真正致力于他们的任务的人来说,有更少的资源可能会是一件出 人意料的好事。考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。devote与those是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。be devoted to...是固定短语,表示"投身于……,致力于……"。故答案为devoted。
（7）句意：因为它能迫使他们变得富有创造力并探索新的道路。考查形容词及语境的理解。分析句子结构可知,get 在句中为系动词,意为"变得",故此处应用形容词creative作表语。此处考生易错填creation。谓语动词get后的确可以用名词作宾语,但是如果填了creation,此处的语义就解释不通了。故答案为creative。
（8）句意：我不知道我们是否有可能毫无遗憾地离开这个世界。考查介词及语境的理解。with表示"带有"，符合语境。故答案为with。
（9）句意：我们总是太晚意识到这而不能避免某些令人痛苦的结果。考查名词及语境的理解。根据outcome 作"结果"讲时是可数名词以及空前无限定词修饰可知，故答案为outcomes。
（10）句意：我们都有能力去改变，并给我们的生活更多的有目的的方向。考查名词及语境的理解。根据空前的"intentional"可知此处填direct的名词形式direction。故答案为direction。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
第Ⅱ卷 客观题
第Ⅱ卷的注释
阅卷人 三、阅读理解
得分
3．阅读理解
The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity — roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meal tickets worth $ 36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.
The plan, a world-first, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard，hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I don't think people will take advantage of our programme.”
Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36 % of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen. dk. US environmental website recently voted Copenhagen the world's best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotel's green profile (形象).”
If successful，the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.
（1）What is the main purpose of the free meal programme
A．To promote the hotel's green concept.
B．To make the city known to the world.
C．To attract people to the hotel restaurant.
D．To get guests to stay longer at the hotel.
（2）How can a participant get a free meal
A．By becoming a professional cyclist.
B．By cycling to produce some electricity.
C．By linking a smart phone to a bicycle.
D．By monitoring his or her carbon footprint.
（3）Who are most likely to enter for the programme
A．The poor local people. B．The environment activists.
C．Health-conscious hotel guests. D．Visitors fond of Copenhagen food.
（4）According to Paragraph 3, Copenhagen has one of the world's .
A．best chain hotels
B．greenest natural environments
C．longest bike paths
D．highest rates of people cycling to work
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了哥本哈根一家宾馆推出了一项电动自行车免餐计划，内容是宾馆客人通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电就能得到免费的一餐。这项计划是为了增进人们的健康，推销宾馆的环保理念，如果成功，将会推广到英国所有Crowne Plaza宾馆。
（1） 考查细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.（这个想法是让人们健康，并减少他们的碳排放量。），即促进酒店的绿色理念。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机)可知，通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电的人们才能得到免费的一餐。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part.可知，只有住在酒店的客人才能参加。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world可知，哥本哈根是世界上骑自行车上班的人的比例最高的城市之一，故选D。
【点评】细节题解题技巧：直接信息题如果考查的是直接信息,同学们可以首先从题干中找到关键词（一般为名词、动词等实词）,然后以关键词为定位信息,快速在原文中搜索,找到相关信息作答。
4．阅读理解
Now, I've talked much about education. I've talked about teachers' responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn. I've talked about your parents' responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV .I've talked a lot about your government's responsibility for setting high standards.
But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, the best schools in the world-and none of it will make a difference, none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities, unless you show up to those schools, unless you pay attention to those teachers, unless you listen to your parents and grandparents and other adults and put in the hard work it takes to succeed. That's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.
I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself. Every single one of you has something that you're good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That's the opportunity an education can provide.
And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you'll need an education to do it. You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military You're going to need a good education for every single one of those careers. You cannot drop out of school and just drop into a good job. You've got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.
That's okay. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who've had the most failures. J.K. Rowling's who wrote Harry Potter- her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team. He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that's why I succeed.”
And even when you're struggling, even when you're discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you, don't ever give up on yourself, because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
（1）The passage is probably .
A．a speech B．a report C．news D．a story
（2）The underlined expression “stay on track” in the first paragraph means .
A．run after someone B．act correctly
C．travel by train D．race on the playground
（3）Which of the following statements does the passage tell us
A．Well begun, half done.
B．Never too late to mend.
C．Spare the rod, spoil the child.
D．Achievements rely on people themselves.
（4）The last two paragraphs tell people that .
A．being refused is vital.
B．being discouraged is necessary.
C．love of the country is the most important.
D．failure is the mother of success.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于自我约束，努力奋斗才能成功的演讲，列举了一些成功人士的经历告诫人们失败是成功之母，不要自我放弃。
（1）考查推理判断题。根据文章第一段一系列的I've talked about…我谈了…，可知这是一篇演讲。故选A。
（2）考查词义推测题。根据后边and you get your homework done, and don't spend every waking hour in front of the TV完成你们的家庭作业，不要把每一个醒着的时间都花在电视机前，and连接并列的成分，可知前边stay on track走上正轨，也就是要确保继续学习。B项正确，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断题。根据第二段That's what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education. 这就是我今天想要强调的：你们每个人对你们的教育都有责任。以及后边作者讲到的一些事例都说明成绩的取得要靠自己。D项符合，故选D。
（4）考查主旨题。文章最后两段讲述了哈利波特系列小说的作者的失败经历，迈克尔乔丹在成功前的多次失败经历，不要放弃自己，失败是成功之母。可知D正确，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意推理题一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的弦外之音。
5．阅读理解
Stephen Hawking knew what he wanted to do by the time he was eight years old. His parents lived in London where his father was undertaking research into medicine. He did not want to follow his father as his parents hoped. Mathematics was not available at University College, so he did Physics instead. Stephen was interested in studying the universe.
But when he was 21, he was told that he had ALS—an incurable nerve disease, which affects walking, speaking, breathing, swallowing, etc. The doctors predicted that he had only a few years to live. “The doctors' grim prognosis made me determined to get the most from a life I had previously taken for granted and life was no longer boring for me,” Hawking says today, speaking from his wheelchair through a computerized voice synthesizer.
He didn't die. Instead, as his physical condition worsened, Hawking's reputation in scientific circles grew. Hawking himself acknowledges his disease as being a crucial factor in focusing his attention on what turned out to be his real strength: theoretical research.
In 1988, Stephen Hawking published a book called A Brief History of Time. The book tries to explain many of Hawking's physical and mathematical ideas and calculations without using maths. The book became a best seller and his later books are Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays and most recently in 2001,The Universe in a Nutshell. Of the three, the first one was made into a film in 1991.
Hawking says, “You have to be positive if you're to get much sympathy or help. Nowadays, muscle power is obsolete. What we need is mind power—and disabled people are as good at that as anyone else.”
（1）What career did Hawking's parents wish him to take up
A．To study physics. B．To study the universe.
C．To study medicine. D．To study mathematics.
（2）Which book of Stephen Hawking's was made into a movie
A．The Universe in a Nutshell.
B．Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays.
C．A Brief History of Time.
D．All of the above.
（3）According to Hawking, his disease .
A．stopped him making greater achievements
B．stopped him outweighing other famous scientists
C．caused him to focus his attention on the research
D．caused him to lose the hope of life
（4）What would be the best title of the passage
A．Stephen Hawking and the universe
B．The life story of Stephen Hawking
C．A disabled person worked wonders
D．Disabled people don't lack mind power
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章是Stephen Hawking的一篇传记，介绍了霍金对于所研究领域的选择,他何时患病,患病后的态度以及所取得的成就等。
（1）C细节理解题。根据第一段的第二、三句话His parents lived in London where his father w as undertaking research into medicine. He did not want to follow his father as his parents hoped.故答案为C。
（2）C细节理解题。根据第四段可知,霍金写的三本书中的第一本书在1991年被拍成了电影。故答案为C。
（3）C推理判断题。根据第三段的末句可知,霍金认为正是因为他的疾病才使得他把精力放在他擅长的领域。故答案为C。
（4）B主旨大意题。文章中提到了霍金对于所研究领域的选择,他何时患病,患病后的态度以及所取得的成就等,只有B项最能概括文意。故答案为B。
【点评】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
6．阅读理解
It's time to teach kids how to play. Play can teach them important life skills. Their imagination will also be inspired.
Play a game. Dig out your board games. Checkers, chess and Monopoly are all great games.
Hands-on fun. Bring out playdough (橡皮泥). Your children may roll their eyes at this one, but you would be surprised at how they will sit down and keep themselves entertained with it.
Build something. Lego, Lincoln Logs and K'NEX. How many of our kids still have these in the back of their closets Try building something using toothpicks and connecting them together with glue. As the things you build dry, they become stronger and you can keep them around for a while.
Go outdoors. Outdoor games like marbles and hopscotch not only interest your kids, they will also improve coordination (协调) skills. Too hot or cold out The garage, basement or kitchen floors will be OK, too.
Become an outdoor artist. Buy a box of colored chalk from the local store and let your kids create their own works on your front or back sidewalks. Take pictures of them for your family album.
Are these new ideas Of course not. But when our kids are given a choice of any of these “offline” activities or the chance to watch TV or play computer games, what are they going to choose When you unplug your kids, they will learn how to play again simply because they have nothing else to do. They will find other activities to keep themselves entertained.
（1）According to the passage, K'NEX _________.
A．is a kind of toys children can use to build something
B．is a book about how to build things you like
C．can be used to join things together
D．can be used to dry things
（2）In the writer's opinion, _________.
A．“offline” activities do more harm than good to kids
B．children today have no interest in outdoor games
C．play is a good way to inspire kids' imagination
D．few children today are interested in play dough
（3）What does the underlined part “unplug your kids” in the last paragraph mean
A．Give them the chance to do things as they please.
B．Make your kids stay away from TVs and computers.
C．Keep your kids away from games or outdoor activities.
D．Keep your kids in a quiet and lonely place for a long time.
（4）The passage is intended for ________.
A．children B．parents C．teachers D．students
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。玩耍可以教给孩子们重要的生活技能。孩子的想象力也会得到激发。文章介绍了家长如何教会孩子们玩耍。
（1）推理判断题。由第四段中的“Build something. Lego, Lincoln Logs and K'NEX. How many of our kids still have these in the back of their closets Try building something using toothpicks and connecting them together with glue”的可知，K'NEX应该是和Lego（乐高），Lincoln Logs（林肯原木）一样的可拼装的玩具，孩子们可以把它建成各种各样的东西。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。由第一段中的“Play can teach them important life skills. Their imagination will also be inspired”可知，玩耍可以教给孩子们重要的生活技能。孩子的想象力也会得到激发。故答案为C。
（3）词义猜测题。由最后一段中的“when our kids are given a choice of any of these “offline” activities or the chance to watch TV or play computer games, what are they going to choose When you unplug your kids, they will learn how to play again simply because they have nothing else to do”可知，孩子们重新学会玩耍的前提是他们没有机会去玩电脑游戏，看电视。当孩子在玩耍，打电脑游戏，看电视中选择时，他们毫无疑问会选择玩游戏或者看电视。所以，只有当你使孩子远离电脑或电视的时候，他们才会重新学会玩耍。故划线部分意思应为B选项。故答案为B。
（4）推理判断题。由文章中反复出现的“your kids, your children”可知，该文是写给家长的。告诉家长如何教会自己的孩子玩耍。故答案为B。
【点评】英语阅读说明文解题技巧
说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
1、数字说明文
在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。
2、解释说明文
解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。
3、比较说明文
比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。
7．阅读理解
There are many dangerous sea creatures in the world. The following are some examples.
The needlefish are commonly seen living near the surface of tropical (热带的) waters. But they can also break cover the water，and once in the air they can become dangerous flying swords. Though it is rare，people have been seriously hurt and even killed by the fish．Night fishermen in small boats are at particular risk because their lights may attract the fish.
Saltwater crocodiles are the world's largest crocodiles，sometimes reaching 23 feet in length and topping 2，200 pounds. Yet these crocodiles hunt quietly，lying in wait below shoreline waters to attack turtles and thirsty animals that have come to drink. Saltwater crocodiles kill a number of people each year.
There is no doubt that the great white shark sits atop the ocean food chain. The world's largest fish can weigh at over 5，000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet. Great white sharks have about 3，000 teeth，which they typically sink into sea lions，seals，and sea turtles. These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.
The sea anemone (海葵) may look like the beautiful flower for which it's named，but fish that swim too close may regret it. The sea anemone，which lives on the sea floor，uses its poisonous tentacles (触须) to stab passing creatures with a kind of poison—making them helpless and fit to be eaten.
The surgeonfish (刺尾鱼) is an attractive reef fish that is poisonous. Scientists believe that the world's seas hold some 1, 200 different surgeonfish species and think that they injure about
50，000 people per year. But the surgeonfish poison can also bring great benefit—they are useful in the development of new drugs.
（1）The underlined phrase “break cover” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．jump out of B．break away from
C．get away from D．go back to
（2）How many attacks on humans do great white sharks do every year
A．About 26. B．About 45. C．About 60. D．About 75.
（3）It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A．the saltwater crocodiles are gentle and never hurt people
B．the sea anemone lives near the surface of the sea
C．the great white shark is the largest fish in the world
D．the needlefish live in the sea all around the world
（4）Which of the following can be used to benefit human society
A．The needlefish. B．The sea anemone.
C．The great white shark. D．The surgeonfish.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了5种危险的海洋生物。
（1）考查词义猜测题。根据后文“once in the air”可知，needlefish在空中的时候会变成危险的飞剑，由此可以猜测画线短语的意思应该是“跳出(离)”之意。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解题。根据第四段“These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.”可知，大白鲨每年袭击人类次数大约为33～50次左右。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解题。根据第四段“The world's largest fish can weigh at over 5，000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet.”可知，大白鲨是世界上最大的鱼。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“they are useful in the development of new drugs”可知，刺尾鱼的毒可以制造药品，由此可知这种鱼可以造福人类社会。故选D。
【点评】 科普类阅读理解解题技巧：
1、学生需先通读短文，把握文章大意，了解该短文是解释何种科学现象或科学道理的，抓住体现本文主题的关键词和关键句，提高阅读速度。
2、要做好科普类文章试题，考生还要掌握这类文章的特点和结构，真正读懂并理解它。在阅读这类文章时要遵循此类文章的一般结构：导语、背景、主体和结尾。阅读时要注意开头和结尾，往往可以归纳出文中的中心思想。
3、在了解全文大意和结构的基础上，学会解决what/how/why等一类的问题，他们是文章的关键，如果能够带着这些问题去阅读，则会更迅速地抓住文章的主题。
另外，还要通过读书看报等多普及科普知识，比如：太空与海洋、环境与污染、科技与创造发明、医疗卫生，动物世界等。这样长期坚持，既开阔了视野又能正确迅速地做好此类题。
阅卷人 四、改错题
得分
8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分；
2）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
There were many people on the bus and no vacant seats. When a woman got off, a man near the door attempted to rise, but she had forced him back into his seat. “Thank you,” she said, “but please don't do that. I am perfect able to stand.” “But, madam, let me…” began the man. “I ask you to keep your seat,” interrupted a woman with the hands on her shoulders. So the man tried to rise, and said: “Madam, will you kindly permit me to… ” “No, no,” said the woman and again force him back. At last the man managed to get up, say: “Madam, you have carried me three block beyond my house. I want get off.”
【答案】①off→on； ②去掉forced 前的had ；③perfect→perfectly ； ④a→the ；⑤her→his ； ⑥So→But； ⑦force→forced ； ⑧say→saying ； ⑨block→blocks ； ⑩want后加to
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，公共汽车上有很多人，没有空位。本文讲述了在这种境况下所发生的故事。
①考查介词。句意：一位妇女刚上车, 一个男人试图站起来。可知用get on固定短语，“上车”因此off改为on。
②考查时态。 文章记叙的是过去发生的事, 故用一般过去时，因此去掉forced 前的had 。
③考查副词。 修饰形容词应用副词，故把perfect改为perfectly。
④考查冠词。 特指前面提到的妇女, 故用定冠词，故把a改为the 。
⑤ 考查代词。此处指妇女把她的手放在男人的肩膀上(阻止他为自己让座)，因此her改为his 。
⑥考查连词。 男人想站起来, 可是妇女不让, 前后是转折关系, 故用but。因此把So改为But。
⑦考查时态。 动作发生在过去, 故用一般过去时，因此答案把force改为forced。
⑧考查非谓语动词。 say与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系, 故用现在分词作伴随状语，故把say改为saying。
⑨考查名词。 block为可数名词, 此处指三个街区, 所以用复数，故把block改为blocks 。
⑩考查固定短语。 want to do sth. “想要做某事”, 是固定搭配，故填want后加to 。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，时态，副词，冠词，代词，连词，非谓语动词以及固定短语等多个知识点的考查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
阅卷人 五、书面表达
得分
9．请根据下面的图片，写一篇英语短文，描述图片信息并说出你对图片的理解。词数100左右。
As can be seen in the picture, a boy is rowing a boat trapped in a bottle floating on the surface of the sea. ……
【答案】As can be seen in the picture, a boy is rowing a boat trapped in a bottle floating on the surface of the sea. It seems that he won't row his boat any further though he is making great efforts. The picture intends to convey the message that we shouldn't be stubborn to our own ideas when we are trying to reach our goals. In our daily life, we may meet with kinds of problems. We need to find different solutions to them. If we always stand by our opinions, we may get half the results with double the effort. Just like the boy in the picture, no matter how hard he is rowing, he will never row the trapped boat out of the bottle. In my opinion, only by opening our minds, can we solve the problems and reach our goals.
【知识点】图画式议论文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇图画作文，属于开放性作文，写作时注意要点要齐全，重点是要从提示句的关键词出发，围绕关键词开拓思路，发挥联想。可以使用适当的连接词，使上下文行文流畅。此外，写这篇作文时，学生可以采取简单句和复合句结合的方法，使句型变幻多样。同时尽量使用熟悉的词汇及短语，尤其注意不要出现中国式英语，并在力所能及的范围之内使用复合句或者谚语，增加获得高分的可能性。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：It seems that he won't row his boat any further though he is making great efforts.运用了It seem s that句型；The picture intends to convey the message that we shouldn't be stubborn to our own ideas when we are trying to reach our goals. 运用了同位语从句和时间状语从句；If we always stand by our opinions, we may get half the results with double the effort. 运用了条件状语从句；no matter how hard he is rowing, he will never row the trapped boat out of the bottle.运用了让步状语从句；only by opening our minds, can we solve the problems and reach our goals.运用了倒装句。
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