2023年初中英语中考语法讲解--形容词副词基本用法课件（共28张PPT）

(共28张PPT)
形容词/副词
基本用法
Grammar
CONTENTS
02
副词的基本概念
定义
句法功能
分类与位置关系
副词的构成
01
形容词的基本概念
定义
句法功能
位置关系
常见辨析
形容词的基本概念
01
1.1 定义
主要修饰名词
或部分代词
“…的”
01 用于描述人或事物的性质
They are beautiful flowers.
He is a handsome boy.
02 用于描述人或事物的状态
She is afraid of tigers.
03 用于描述人或事物的特征
There is something important.
置于系动词之后，表示主语的特征.
I am beautiful.
01 作表语
放在名词之前
I have a cute dog.
放在复合不定代词之后
I have something important to tell you.
02 作定语
起补充说明作用 make/let/keep+宾+ adj.
We keep our classroom clean and tidy
03 作宾补
1.2 句法功能
01
02
03
04.形容词作状语
通常说明主语情况，可位于句中或句末
作方式状语
作原因状语
作结果状语
We arrived home very late, safe and sound.
Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest.
The man lying on the floor, dead.
1．Please be ___________. There’s an important meeting in the next room.
A．quickly B．quick C．quietly D．quiet
2．Nicole is a ___________teacher. We love her very much.
A．very beautifully B．very beautiful C．beauty
3．Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _________and
more __________have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.
A．easily; efficient B．easier; efficient C．easy; efficiently D．easily; efficiently
4．After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ___________
A．hungry and tiredly B．hungry and tired
C．hungrily and tired D．hungrily and tiredly
单项选择
1.3 位置关系
1. 形容词前置
形容词作定语一般置于被修饰词前
He is a successful businessman.
01
02
03
2. 形容词后置
复合不定代词+形容词
There is something important.
“形容词+介词+名词” 构成短语作定语，置于被修饰名词后
I want to find a job suitable for me.
tall, long, wide, high等与数词短语连用，置于被修饰名词后
We need a building 50 meters high. The river is 50 meters wide.
My English teacher has long straight black hair.
县(限定) 官(观点) 大(大小长短高低矮) 行(形状)
令(年龄) 宴(颜色) 国(国籍) 材(材料）
A beautiful big new red Chinese paper cup.
描述头发的形容词排序为长度、弯直、颜色
1.4 多个形容词修饰名词
1．Mrs. Smith has ____________hair.
A．brown long beautiful B．beautiful brown long
C．beautiful long brown D．a brown long beautiful
2．One day they crossed the ____________bridge behind the palace.
A．old Chinese stone B．Chinese old stone
C．old stone Chinese D．Chinese stone old
3．It’s a ____________clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.
A．charming French small B．French small charming
C．small French charming D．charming small French
单项选择
1.5 常见辨析
02-ed结尾形容词，描述人的感受
excited 感到兴奋的
relaxed 感到放松的
surprised 感到惊奇的
01 -ing结尾形容词,描述人或事物的性质
exciting 令人兴奋的
relaxing 令人放松的
surprising 令人惊奇的
1. 以-ing和-ed结尾形容词
1．It’s believed that if a book is ___________, it will surely ___________the reader.
A．interested; interest B．interesting; be interested
C．interested; be interesting D．interesting; interest
2．The stranger said something in a ___________voice and the little girl was very much ___________.
A．frightened; frightened B．frightening; frightening
C．frightening; frightened D．frightened; frightening
3．His failure made his father think him a ___________boy.
A．disappoint B．disappointed C．disappointing D．disappointment
单项选择
01 lonely
adj. 孤单的(情感,内心) She feels lonely.
adj. 偏僻的(名前做定语) It’s a lonely cabin.
02 alone
adj. 独自的(形式上) She is alone in the room.
adv. 单独,独自
She lives alone but she doesn’t feel lonely.
2. lonely和alone
Adv.副词的基本概念
02
2.1定义
副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词
She runs quickly in the race.
My mother can sing the song beautifully.
修饰形容词
I am very beautiful.
修饰整个句子Luckily, you come back
修饰动词
I like this book much.
修饰副词
I like this book very much.
2.2 句法功能
1. 作状语
2. 作表语
3. 作定语
When will you be back
Life here is full of joy.
1．Elephants eat ___________, but they can move ___________when necessary.
A．noisy; silent B．noisily; silently C．noisily; silence D．noisy; silence
2．She stays up ___________late every night for her work.
A．quite B．real C．well D．good
3．___________, the boy lost his life in the accident because of his carelessness.
A．Unfortunately B．Lucky C．Luckily D．Unfortunate
4．The ___________instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick. They explain
___________whether the medicine is out of date.
A．clear; clearly B．clearly; clear C．clearly; clearly
单项选择
时间副词
疑问副词
地点副词
程度副词
方式副词
01
02
05
04
03
2.3 副词分类
放动词后或句末
today, often, always …
What will you do tomorrow
介词加地点副词时要省略介词 here, there, home, anywhere…
I often go home at 17:00.
多用于修饰形容词和副词；放在实前助后much, little, a bit, very, so, too, quite …
常用于回答“怎么样”；常放在所修饰词的前面badly, rather…
It is a rather difficult job.
how, when, where, why …
2.4 形容词 副词
直接在adj. 后加 ly
polite politely
以辅音字母+y 结尾的adj.,变y为 i, 再加 ly
happy happily; lucky luckily
以 l+e 结尾的adj., 直接变e为 y
possible possibly
probable probably;
able (有能力的) ably(精明能干地)
以 元音字母+e 结尾的adj, 去 e+ ly true truly
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
1.规则变化
1．Although he didn’t want to go with Rose, he refused her ____________(polite).
2．He is a kind-hearted man, so we can get along with him ___________(easy).
3．As soon as they arrived at the railway station, it began to rain ___________(heavy).
4．To be a parent is a ___________(terrible) difficult thing.
politely
easily
heavily
terribly
正确形式填空
good well
many much
pretty pretty
no not
such so
fast fast
2.例外变化
early early
05
lively
0 1
07
friendly
be friendly to
3.特殊adj.
0 2
03
lovely
08
daily
06
deadly
（致命的；死一般的）
0 4
likely
be likely to do 可能…
curly
lonely
lonely: 孤独的(情感)
alone: 单独的/地(形式)
deep
adj. 深的 adv. 深(具体)
deeply
adv. 深深地(抽象）
04
wide
adj. 宽的 adv. 宽(抽象）
widely
adv. 广泛地(抽象）
read widely
05
close
adj. 亲密的,接近的 adv. 靠近
closely
adv.密切地, 仔细地
01
high
adj. 高的 adv. 高(具体)
highly
adv. 高度地(抽象）
speak/ think highly of…
02
4.形副同形不同义
hard
adj. 坚硬的,艰苦的,
困难的=difficult
adv. 努力地,猛烈地
She always study hard.
It’s raining hard/heavily.
hardly = seldom
adv. 几乎不
08
near
adj. 接近的 adv. 接近
nearly
adv. 几乎
06
late
adj.迟到的 adv. 迟到
lately
adv. 最近
07
1．——What was the weather like yesterday
——It was terrible. It rained so ___________that people could ___________go out.
A．hardly; hard B．hard; hard C．hard; hardly D．hardly; hardly
2．She doesn’t feel ___________though she is ___________.
A．alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely C．lonely; alone
3．——Many of us in our company have a ___________opinion of him.
——But he is ___________thought of by most of the leaders.
A．bad; highly B．bad; high C．badly; high D．badly; highly
4．The farmer’s ____________work is planting corns.
A．likely B．ugly C．deadly D．daily
5．He has not been sending me any books ___________.
A．lately B．late C．later D．latest
单项选择
Thanks
Grammar