外研版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 学案Unit 4 Stage and screen阅读导读备课资料（素材）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 学案Unit 4 Stage and screen阅读导读备课资料（素材） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-27 14:27:42 | ||
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Unit 4 阅读导读备课资料
I
Peking Opera
导读：
京剧是中国五大戏曲剧种之一，腔调以西皮、二黄为主，用胡琴和锣鼓等伴奏。京剧作为国粹，已经成为介绍、传播中国传统艺术文化的重要媒介。在2010年11月16日，京剧被列入“世界非物质文化遗产代表作名录”。
Peking Opera is the quintessence of China. The largest Chinese opera form, it is praised as ‘Oriental Opera’. Having a history of 160 years, it has created many ‘firsts’ in Chinese dramas: the abundance of repertoires, the number of artists, opera troupes and spectators.
Peking Opera is developed from absorbing many other dramatic forms, mostly from the local drama. ‘Huiban’, which was popular in South China during the 18th century. It is a scenic art integrating music, performance, literature, and face-painting. Certain rules are set up and regulations are standardized during many artists’ long practice on stage. Different from regional plays, it is stricter on the variety of the workmanship. The combination of virtual and reality—a special technique of expression, keeps it largely free from the restriction of time and space on stage performance. Peking Opera has had many interesting names since it came into being, such Jinghuang, Daxi, Pingju, Jingxi.
Main Roles in Peking Opera Performance
Sheng: It’s a common name of male characters and composed of Lao Sheng and Xiao Sheng. Lao Sheng refers to the middle-aged man with a beard who acts as the decent figure; for example, Zhugeliang in ‘Empty City Scheme’. Xiao Sheng means young man without a beard. Zhangsheng in The Story of the West Room is a representative of Xiao Sheng.
Dan: The general name for female characters can be divided into Zhengdan, Huadan, Laodan, Wudan. Zhengdan is also called ‘Qingyi’, who mainly plays the part of the strong-minded middle-aged woman who behaves elegantly. Huadan refers to little girls who often live in the bottom of society. Laodan refers to the senior woman and Wudan indicates the female who is good at fighting.
Jing: Painted face often refers to male characters with unique appearance or personality, such as Baozheng and Caocao. Besides, Chou is a comic role or villainous character or righteous person. The actor’s nose is painted by a piece of white powder, making him or her easily recognisable.
Facial Painting (Lianpu)
Facial painting in Peking Opera, Lianpu is formed through dramatic artists long-term practice and their understanding and judgment of the roles in plays. It is the colourful dressing on actors’ faces. By using transformative and exaggerated figures, professional spectators would easily tell the characteristic of a role. In this way, it is called ‘the picture of hearts’. There are certain formats of the facial painting in the aspect of colour, type and shape. Usually, eyes, foreheads and cheeks are painted like wings of butterflies, swallows and bats.
Colours of Lianpu are varied with each representing characteristic. For example, red symbolises loyalty, such as Guanyu, a great general during Three Kingdoms Period (220-280). Black signifies honesty and frankness, such as Lord Bao, a righteous official during Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127). White stands for cattiness and cunning, with Caocao as its representative, a famous politician in the late Eastern Han Dynasty（25-220）.
Peking Opera contains the soul of Chinese national culture. Its unique charm inspires ethos of Chinese people. There is no doubt that it is really the treasure of Chinese culture. If you want to taste the real Peking Opera, Liyuan Theatre in Beijing will be a good choice for you.
注解：
1.quintessence n.典范，精华
2.regulation n.章程，规章制度
3.decent adj.正派的，体面的
4.villainous adj.邪恶的，可憎的
5.ethos n.（某团体或社会的）道德思想，道德观
II
The Peony Pavilion
导读：
《牡丹亭》（The Peony Pavilion）又名《还魂记》，由明代戏曲作家汤显祖作。该剧文辞优美典雅，富有浪漫主义色彩，为中国四大古典戏剧之一，是舞台常演剧目。
The Peony Pavilion is a masterpiece by Tang Xianzu, the greatest poet playwright of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644). In a completely refined and poetic style, the play reveals romantic afflictions of love endured by the young in the feudalistic society of China. Its central theme proclaims the significance of an ultimate triumph of ‘love’ over ‘reason’. This daring and avant-garde subject, which is an outcry against the suppressive tradition, together with the moving poetics of the language, makes the poet’s freedom of love between the two young persons a lasting force in the history of Chinese literature and theater.
In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty (1127—1279), a beautiful young lady named Du Liniang daughter of the Governor of Nanan, was strictly educated and could not step out of her chambers without her parents’ permission. One day without her parents’ knowledge Du went into the garden with her maid. Watching the splendor of the spring at its peak, she was overcome with deep feelings. In a drowsy trance, she dreamt that she had a secret appointment with a young scholar under a tree by the side of the Peony Pavilion. Ever since returning from the garden, she was haunted by memories of her dream lover and, after seeking the dream in vain, fell ill and soon died of a broken heart. After her death, Du’ s spirit kept searching for the young scholar. Her persistence won over the Judge of the Netherworld and she was allowed to be reincarnated.
Three years later, a young scholar named Liu Mengmei stayed at the temple where Du was buried. He wandered in the garden and came across Du’ s portrait. The young lady in the portrait looked familiar and he could not help calling her. In response to his calling, the young lady came out of the picture. He fell in love with her even though he learnt that she was a ghost. On the following day, Liu dug up Du’ s grave and opened the coffin. Du came back to life and married Liu. The couple lived happily thereafter.注解：
1.refined adj.精炼的，提纯的
2.proclaim v.宣布，宣告
3.suppressive adj.压抑的，抑制的
4.chamber n.房间，室
5.haunt v.萦绕于脑际，难以忘却
6.reincarnate v.使投胎，转世，使再生
III
Glastonbury Festival
导读：
格拉斯顿伯里音乐节（Glastonbury Music Festival）是世界上规模最大的音乐节之一，也是世界上规模最大的露天音乐节，位于英国阿瓦隆岛。由农场主迈克尔·艾维斯和吉恩·艾维斯于1970年创办。在40多年的历史中，它始终以积极、热情的状态和独特的音乐氛围深得摇滚乐迷的喜爱。
Glastonbury Festival has gained approval to increase capacity next year.
The music festival has received permission to allow some 210,000 punters in 2020, after a new resolution was passed by Mendip City Council’s Licensing Board. The capacity would be a 3.4 percent increase on 2019’s attendance figure of 203, 000, although it’s yet to be confirmed if Glastonbury will take up the expansion.
If they do, it’s thought that the 7, 000 new tickets will be set aside for festival-goers who travel on public transit to Worthy Farm.
Although headliners are yet to be confirmed, Michael Eavis previously told BBC Somerset that Paul McCartney would be coming to Glastonbury.
Hopefully for the 50th. Don’t make a big thing of it though, will you he said.
McCartney himself has now said a headline slot could be a “distinct possibility”.
Glastonbury 2020: all you need to know about dates, line-up rumours, registering for tickets, and beating the rush for the 50th anniversary festival.
The 1975’s Matt Healy has also confirmed that the band will be at the festival in 2020, and speaking earlier this year, added that they feel “ready” for the top spot next summer. “Whether we headline it or not, who knows ” he told Matt Wilkinson on Beatsl.
Emily Eavis later responded to the frontman’s comments, telling Beats 1’s Matt Wilkinson “Oh really That’s good. Interesting. They’re great. Obviously we’d love to have The1975.”
There’s also speculation about a potential headline spot for Fleetwood Mac—who are yet to play Worthy Farm. Mick Fleetwood told fans at their Wembley show last summer that they still “had a big field to play”, and in an interview with The Independent the band reiterated their desire to play Glastonbury.
注解：
1.permission n.许可，允许
2.attendance n.参加
3.confirm v.证实
4.speculation n.推测，猜测
IV
导读：
随着电影越来越受人们欢迎，更多的文学作品被改编成电影。很多人都选择通过看电影来获取书中的故事或者历史知识。
As movies are prevailing, more and more literature works are adapted to movies. Most people will choose to watch a movie to get the knowledge of a story or our history. Some people, however, prefer to read books to obtain knowledge. For me, I think that watching a movie will be my priority for I can get easily what I want by watching a movie.
First of all, watching a movie can be time-saving. If you read a book, you may need several days to read through it. But if you see a movie, then you just need less than 2 hours to know what have happened.
Second, see a movie can be more interesting. In a movie, we can see not only celebrities we love, but also can enjoy the fun of wonderful scene and sound effect.
Besides, we are impressed deeply by seeing a movie. You may forget what have happened after a short period through reading. However, you can remember deeply by seeing a movie because scenes and dialogues are so easier to keep in mind.
All in all, I think watching a movie would be the fast way to know what have happened. And also, it is interesting for people to see a movie rather than read a book. Moreover, movie will impress us deeply.
V
导读：
许多电影制作人以书为基础制作电影。有些人喜欢在看电影之前看这本书，而另一些人喜欢在看这本书之前看电影。你喜欢哪一个？
Many filmmakers make movies based on books. Some people prefer to read the book before they watch the movie, while other people prefer to watch the movie before they read the book. Which one do you prefer
As we all know, some movies are adaptations of novels or other books, such as Twilight. When it comes to whether people should watch movies before they read the book or not, people have different opinions or even come into conflict based on their divergent values, backgrounds and experiences. As for me, I would rather watch movies at first than read the books at first.
Movie scene is a better way to convey the charming feeling without any words than the words in the book. Because human’s brain can more easily process image messages than word messages. Additionally, the beauty cannot be entirely depicted by words. So the beautiful movie scene is more attractive than words in the books. For example, I used to read some novels for my little sister when she wanted to play with me. But she always got bored quickly and started to cry loudly. Until one day, I was watching a movie when my sister rushed into my room. Then she got very interested in the movie and kept watching the movie quietly. Up till then, she has asked me to play some cartoon movies for her everyday. Therefore, the baby is willing to watch the movie which can let her more interested in it. So charm is easily conveyed by movie scene.
Movie can be helpful to read the book. Due to the visual scenes, you can easily capture subtle emotion and expressions on the actor’s face, which cannot be seen in the book so that you maybe ignore that. Take Harry Potter for example. In the battle between Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort, the scene of Harry Potter killed by Lord Voldemort convey mixture of kinds of emotion including relief, resentment, sadness and other things, which can be easily conveyed to audience but the book cannot have the same effect. So after you watch the movie, the book is much easier to understand.
However, someone hold that people ought to choose to read the book before watching the movie, for the reason that so many details in the book cannot be entirely seen in the movie. But in the contrast, compared with the ambiguous details in the book, the expressions of characters and the beautiful scenes can be seen visually. Therefore, the details in the book can be well depicted in the movie or even better. Believe it or not，it is a better choice to watch the movie before reading the book.
As is mentioned above, you can perceive the charming feeling in the movie without any words and watching the movie is very helpful to understand the book. So it’s quite clear that watching the movie before reading the book is much better.
注解：
1.adaptation n.改编
2.divergent adj.有分歧的，不同的
3.visual adj.视觉的
4.resentment n.怨恨
5 / 8
I
Peking Opera
导读：
京剧是中国五大戏曲剧种之一，腔调以西皮、二黄为主，用胡琴和锣鼓等伴奏。京剧作为国粹，已经成为介绍、传播中国传统艺术文化的重要媒介。在2010年11月16日，京剧被列入“世界非物质文化遗产代表作名录”。
Peking Opera is the quintessence of China. The largest Chinese opera form, it is praised as ‘Oriental Opera’. Having a history of 160 years, it has created many ‘firsts’ in Chinese dramas: the abundance of repertoires, the number of artists, opera troupes and spectators.
Peking Opera is developed from absorbing many other dramatic forms, mostly from the local drama. ‘Huiban’, which was popular in South China during the 18th century. It is a scenic art integrating music, performance, literature, and face-painting. Certain rules are set up and regulations are standardized during many artists’ long practice on stage. Different from regional plays, it is stricter on the variety of the workmanship. The combination of virtual and reality—a special technique of expression, keeps it largely free from the restriction of time and space on stage performance. Peking Opera has had many interesting names since it came into being, such Jinghuang, Daxi, Pingju, Jingxi.
Main Roles in Peking Opera Performance
Sheng: It’s a common name of male characters and composed of Lao Sheng and Xiao Sheng. Lao Sheng refers to the middle-aged man with a beard who acts as the decent figure; for example, Zhugeliang in ‘Empty City Scheme’. Xiao Sheng means young man without a beard. Zhangsheng in The Story of the West Room is a representative of Xiao Sheng.
Dan: The general name for female characters can be divided into Zhengdan, Huadan, Laodan, Wudan. Zhengdan is also called ‘Qingyi’, who mainly plays the part of the strong-minded middle-aged woman who behaves elegantly. Huadan refers to little girls who often live in the bottom of society. Laodan refers to the senior woman and Wudan indicates the female who is good at fighting.
Jing: Painted face often refers to male characters with unique appearance or personality, such as Baozheng and Caocao. Besides, Chou is a comic role or villainous character or righteous person. The actor’s nose is painted by a piece of white powder, making him or her easily recognisable.
Facial Painting (Lianpu)
Facial painting in Peking Opera, Lianpu is formed through dramatic artists long-term practice and their understanding and judgment of the roles in plays. It is the colourful dressing on actors’ faces. By using transformative and exaggerated figures, professional spectators would easily tell the characteristic of a role. In this way, it is called ‘the picture of hearts’. There are certain formats of the facial painting in the aspect of colour, type and shape. Usually, eyes, foreheads and cheeks are painted like wings of butterflies, swallows and bats.
Colours of Lianpu are varied with each representing characteristic. For example, red symbolises loyalty, such as Guanyu, a great general during Three Kingdoms Period (220-280). Black signifies honesty and frankness, such as Lord Bao, a righteous official during Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127). White stands for cattiness and cunning, with Caocao as its representative, a famous politician in the late Eastern Han Dynasty（25-220）.
Peking Opera contains the soul of Chinese national culture. Its unique charm inspires ethos of Chinese people. There is no doubt that it is really the treasure of Chinese culture. If you want to taste the real Peking Opera, Liyuan Theatre in Beijing will be a good choice for you.
注解：
1.quintessence n.典范，精华
2.regulation n.章程，规章制度
3.decent adj.正派的，体面的
4.villainous adj.邪恶的，可憎的
5.ethos n.（某团体或社会的）道德思想，道德观
II
The Peony Pavilion
导读：
《牡丹亭》（The Peony Pavilion）又名《还魂记》，由明代戏曲作家汤显祖作。该剧文辞优美典雅，富有浪漫主义色彩，为中国四大古典戏剧之一，是舞台常演剧目。
The Peony Pavilion is a masterpiece by Tang Xianzu, the greatest poet playwright of the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644). In a completely refined and poetic style, the play reveals romantic afflictions of love endured by the young in the feudalistic society of China. Its central theme proclaims the significance of an ultimate triumph of ‘love’ over ‘reason’. This daring and avant-garde subject, which is an outcry against the suppressive tradition, together with the moving poetics of the language, makes the poet’s freedom of love between the two young persons a lasting force in the history of Chinese literature and theater.
In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty (1127—1279), a beautiful young lady named Du Liniang daughter of the Governor of Nanan, was strictly educated and could not step out of her chambers without her parents’ permission. One day without her parents’ knowledge Du went into the garden with her maid. Watching the splendor of the spring at its peak, she was overcome with deep feelings. In a drowsy trance, she dreamt that she had a secret appointment with a young scholar under a tree by the side of the Peony Pavilion. Ever since returning from the garden, she was haunted by memories of her dream lover and, after seeking the dream in vain, fell ill and soon died of a broken heart. After her death, Du’ s spirit kept searching for the young scholar. Her persistence won over the Judge of the Netherworld and she was allowed to be reincarnated.
Three years later, a young scholar named Liu Mengmei stayed at the temple where Du was buried. He wandered in the garden and came across Du’ s portrait. The young lady in the portrait looked familiar and he could not help calling her. In response to his calling, the young lady came out of the picture. He fell in love with her even though he learnt that she was a ghost. On the following day, Liu dug up Du’ s grave and opened the coffin. Du came back to life and married Liu. The couple lived happily thereafter.注解：
1.refined adj.精炼的，提纯的
2.proclaim v.宣布，宣告
3.suppressive adj.压抑的，抑制的
4.chamber n.房间，室
5.haunt v.萦绕于脑际，难以忘却
6.reincarnate v.使投胎，转世，使再生
III
Glastonbury Festival
导读：
格拉斯顿伯里音乐节（Glastonbury Music Festival）是世界上规模最大的音乐节之一，也是世界上规模最大的露天音乐节，位于英国阿瓦隆岛。由农场主迈克尔·艾维斯和吉恩·艾维斯于1970年创办。在40多年的历史中，它始终以积极、热情的状态和独特的音乐氛围深得摇滚乐迷的喜爱。
Glastonbury Festival has gained approval to increase capacity next year.
The music festival has received permission to allow some 210,000 punters in 2020, after a new resolution was passed by Mendip City Council’s Licensing Board. The capacity would be a 3.4 percent increase on 2019’s attendance figure of 203, 000, although it’s yet to be confirmed if Glastonbury will take up the expansion.
If they do, it’s thought that the 7, 000 new tickets will be set aside for festival-goers who travel on public transit to Worthy Farm.
Although headliners are yet to be confirmed, Michael Eavis previously told BBC Somerset that Paul McCartney would be coming to Glastonbury.
Hopefully for the 50th. Don’t make a big thing of it though, will you he said.
McCartney himself has now said a headline slot could be a “distinct possibility”.
Glastonbury 2020: all you need to know about dates, line-up rumours, registering for tickets, and beating the rush for the 50th anniversary festival.
The 1975’s Matt Healy has also confirmed that the band will be at the festival in 2020, and speaking earlier this year, added that they feel “ready” for the top spot next summer. “Whether we headline it or not, who knows ” he told Matt Wilkinson on Beatsl.
Emily Eavis later responded to the frontman’s comments, telling Beats 1’s Matt Wilkinson “Oh really That’s good. Interesting. They’re great. Obviously we’d love to have The1975.”
There’s also speculation about a potential headline spot for Fleetwood Mac—who are yet to play Worthy Farm. Mick Fleetwood told fans at their Wembley show last summer that they still “had a big field to play”, and in an interview with The Independent the band reiterated their desire to play Glastonbury.
注解：
1.permission n.许可，允许
2.attendance n.参加
3.confirm v.证实
4.speculation n.推测，猜测
IV
导读：
随着电影越来越受人们欢迎，更多的文学作品被改编成电影。很多人都选择通过看电影来获取书中的故事或者历史知识。
As movies are prevailing, more and more literature works are adapted to movies. Most people will choose to watch a movie to get the knowledge of a story or our history. Some people, however, prefer to read books to obtain knowledge. For me, I think that watching a movie will be my priority for I can get easily what I want by watching a movie.
First of all, watching a movie can be time-saving. If you read a book, you may need several days to read through it. But if you see a movie, then you just need less than 2 hours to know what have happened.
Second, see a movie can be more interesting. In a movie, we can see not only celebrities we love, but also can enjoy the fun of wonderful scene and sound effect.
Besides, we are impressed deeply by seeing a movie. You may forget what have happened after a short period through reading. However, you can remember deeply by seeing a movie because scenes and dialogues are so easier to keep in mind.
All in all, I think watching a movie would be the fast way to know what have happened. And also, it is interesting for people to see a movie rather than read a book. Moreover, movie will impress us deeply.
V
导读：
许多电影制作人以书为基础制作电影。有些人喜欢在看电影之前看这本书，而另一些人喜欢在看这本书之前看电影。你喜欢哪一个？
Many filmmakers make movies based on books. Some people prefer to read the book before they watch the movie, while other people prefer to watch the movie before they read the book. Which one do you prefer
As we all know, some movies are adaptations of novels or other books, such as Twilight. When it comes to whether people should watch movies before they read the book or not, people have different opinions or even come into conflict based on their divergent values, backgrounds and experiences. As for me, I would rather watch movies at first than read the books at first.
Movie scene is a better way to convey the charming feeling without any words than the words in the book. Because human’s brain can more easily process image messages than word messages. Additionally, the beauty cannot be entirely depicted by words. So the beautiful movie scene is more attractive than words in the books. For example, I used to read some novels for my little sister when she wanted to play with me. But she always got bored quickly and started to cry loudly. Until one day, I was watching a movie when my sister rushed into my room. Then she got very interested in the movie and kept watching the movie quietly. Up till then, she has asked me to play some cartoon movies for her everyday. Therefore, the baby is willing to watch the movie which can let her more interested in it. So charm is easily conveyed by movie scene.
Movie can be helpful to read the book. Due to the visual scenes, you can easily capture subtle emotion and expressions on the actor’s face, which cannot be seen in the book so that you maybe ignore that. Take Harry Potter for example. In the battle between Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort, the scene of Harry Potter killed by Lord Voldemort convey mixture of kinds of emotion including relief, resentment, sadness and other things, which can be easily conveyed to audience but the book cannot have the same effect. So after you watch the movie, the book is much easier to understand.
However, someone hold that people ought to choose to read the book before watching the movie, for the reason that so many details in the book cannot be entirely seen in the movie. But in the contrast, compared with the ambiguous details in the book, the expressions of characters and the beautiful scenes can be seen visually. Therefore, the details in the book can be well depicted in the movie or even better. Believe it or not，it is a better choice to watch the movie before reading the book.
As is mentioned above, you can perceive the charming feeling in the movie without any words and watching the movie is very helpful to understand the book. So it’s quite clear that watching the movie before reading the book is much better.
注解：
1.adaptation n.改编
2.divergent adj.有分歧的，不同的
3.visual adj.视觉的
4.resentment n.怨恨
5 / 8