(共60张PPT)
Unit 3
Grammar Focus
pass v.
borrow v.
lend v.
finger n.
hate v.
chore n.
while conj.
给；递；走过；通过
借；借用
借给；借出
手指
厌恶；讨厌
杂务；乏味无聊的工作
与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
If you need help, what should you say politely
1. Sweep the floor, Peter!
2. Can you sweep the floor, Peter
3. Could you please sweep the floor
Which is the most polite one
Could I stay out late
Could I use the car
Sorry, you can’t. I have to go to a meeting.
Could I get a ride
No, you have a test tomorrow.
Yes, you can.
Could you please clean your room
Yes, sure.
Could you please do the dishes
Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.
Could I go to the movies
Yes, you can.
Could I use the car
No, you can’t. I have to go out.
could
can 的过去时
礼貌的请求
提出建议
推测
I could run fast when I was a child.
Could you help me
You could talk to your teacher now.
He couldn’t be at the school then.
Could you please clean your room
你能打扫一下你的房间吗？
在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，我们常用could代替can， 以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，而can 则不具有这些语气。这样用时，不能把could 看作为can 的过去式。
Could you please … 请你……好吗
这里的could 不是表示一般的过去式，而是用来表示委婉地提出请求。
Could you please do sth
Yes, I can.
All right.
“Yes” Sure.
No problem.
Certainly.
No , I can’t…
I have to ---
“No”
Sorry, I can’t…
I have to ---
1. could表示请求，语气委婉，显得有礼貌
Could you please clean your room
你可以打扫你的房间吗？
肯定回答：Yes, I can.
是的，我可以。
Yes, sure. / Yes, of course.
否定回答：
Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.
对不起，我不得不做作业。
2. could表示请求许可，希望得到允许。
Could I go to the movies
我能去看电影吗？
肯定回答：Yes, you can.
Yes, sure.
当然可以。
否定回答：No, you can’t.
不，不行。
Now make sentences using could and the following phrases.
（1）go to the movies 去看电影
（2）stay out late 在外面待得很晚
（3）use the car 使用汽车
（4）get a ride 去骑车
（5）use your computer 使用你的电脑
（6）borrow some money 借些钱
（7）invite my friends to a party 邀请我的朋友参加晚会
（8）go to the store 去商店
（9）use your CD player 使用你的CD播放器
3. could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同。
can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合；
Can you tell us your story, Tony
你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？
could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
—Could you tell us if it snows in winter in
Australia
请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？
—Sure.
当然可以。
—Excuse me, could you help me carry the heavy box
— _______.
A. Yes, I could B. With pleasure
C. It doesn’t matter D. Don’t mention it
B
【点拨】Could you ... 表示客气地征求意见或请求许可的询问方式，不能用could 回答。with pleasure 表示同意，意为“乐意效劳；愿意帮助”。C、D是对感谢的回答，不符合语境。
—Hi, Jack. Could you come to our English party
—Sorry, I ____. I have to look after my little sister at home.
A. must B. could C. can’t
Could you please …
—Could you please …？
Yes, I can.
All right.
“Yes” Sure.
No problem.
Certainly.
No , I can’t…
I have to …
“No”
Sorry, I can’t…
I have to …
4a
Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response.
1. ___ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
2. ___ Could you please pass me the salt
3. ___ Could I borrow that book
a. Yes, here you are.
b. Hmm. How much
do you need
c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night.
P
R
P
P20
4. ___ Could you help me do the dishes
5. ___ Could you lend me some money
d. Yes, but don’t come back too late.
e. No, I can’t. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
R
R
Match:1—__; 2 —__; 3 —___; 4 —___; 5 —___.
d
a
c
e
b
borrow v. 借；借用
May I borrow your bike
我可以借用你的自行车吗？
borrow和lend都可译为“借”，但用法不同。
（1）borrow “借，借入；借用”，从主语的角度讲，指“借入”或“借用他人的东西供自己使用”。常用结构为：borrow sth. from sb. 或borrow one’s sth. 意为“向某人借某物”。
borrow / lend
（2）lend “借出；借给”，从主语的角度讲，表示把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。常用结构为：lend sb. sth. 或lend sth. to sb. 意为“借给某人某物”。
（3）borrow和lend均为非延续性动词，若表达借某物多长时间时，不能用borrow 或lend，而要用keep，意为“保存；保留”。
Could you _______ your dictionary to me
A. borrow B. lend
C. keep D. use
【点拨】选B。句意为：你能借给我你的字典吗？对主语“你”来说是借出，lend“借出”，lend sth. to sb. “把某物借给某人”, 其反义词是“borrow”。
用borrow或lend的正确形式填空：
1. He _________ a book from me, and never
returned it.
2. Can I _________ your bicycle
3. Joe ________ this car to us for the weekend.
4. I __________ two books from the library.
5. English has __________ many words from French.
borrowed
borrow
lent
borrowed
borrowed
6. Can I __________ your car on Saturday
7. Can you _________ me $10
8. __________ me your car.
9. ___________ your car to me.
borrow
lend
Lend
Lend
单项选择：
1. I ______ some books from my friend and I ______ them to my cousin this morning.
A. lent; kept B. kept; lent
C. lent; borrowed D. borrowed; lent
2. --- Can I _______ your rubber
--- Sorry. Lily ______ it already.
A. lend, has lent B. borrow, has lent
C. lend, has borrowed
D. borrow, has borrowed
D
D
3. A：How long can she _____ the book B：Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend
C. keep D. return
C
—Could you please ______ me your notebook, Grace
—Certainly. Here you are.
A. borrow B. to borrow
C. lend D. to lend
C
4b
Fill in the blanks in the conversation.
A: I hate to _________ chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like
other chores.
A: Really Great! ______ I ask you to
______ me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: _______ you please _______ my clothes
for me
B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!
do
Could
help
Could
fold
P20
A: OK. Then ________ you _______ do
the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But _______ we go
to the movies after that
A: Sure. I’ll finish my homework while
you help me with the dishes. Then we
can go to the movies.
could
please
could
hate v. 厌恶；讨厌
I hate rainy days, and I hate going / to go out on rainy days.
我讨厌雨天，更讨厌雨天外出。
The underlined words in the sentence “ I hate to play soccer. ” can be replaced by _____.
A. not like to play B. not like playing
C. dislike play D. dislike playing
【点拨】选D。hate的同义词为dislike“不喜欢”，dislike跟动词-ing形式或不定式。
+ n. / pron. 不喜欢/憎恨某人/某物
+ to do sth. 不喜欢做某事（表示具体的动作或行为）
+ doing sth. 不喜欢做某事（表示经常性的动作或行为）
to do sth.
doing sth.
+sb. 不喜欢 / 憎恨
某人做某事
hate
B: I don’t like doing the dishes because it’s boring.
The chores Like or dislike Why
Make a list of the chores you do.
clean the bike
do the dishes
clean the rooms
fold the clothes
take out the trash
sweep the floor
cook the dinner
like
be outside
don’t like
boring
A: I like cleaning the bike because I can be outside.
4c
Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart.
To-do list Name
bring a tent Liu Chang
P20
常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语：
委婉请求：Could you please+ do sth.
Could you+ do sth.
Would you please + do sth.
Would you + do sth.
肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to.
否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but …
I’m wondering if you could …
Could you possibly …
Would you be able to …
Would you mind …
Do you know any other requests
1. I was wondering if you could do
something for me ...
不知你能否帮个忙...
2. Would you be able to print out a file for me
不知你能不能帮我打印一份材料
3. Could I have it within ten minutes please
请在十分钟之内给我好吗
4. Could you possibly help me with the
printer
你能帮我查看一下这个打印机出了什 么问题吗
5. Would you mind writing your email later
你介意等一会儿再写你的电子邮 件吗
向别人提出请求或建议的常用句型有:
Would (Do) you mind + v.-ing + ...
做……你介意吗？
2. Can / Could / May / I (you) ...
我/ 你可以……吗？
3. Will / Would / Can / Could you please ...？
请你……好吗？
4. Would you like + to do + ... 你愿意/想……吗
5. Let’s +动词原形 ... 让我们……吧。
Summary
Could you do me a favor
表示请求获得帮助，意思和Can / Could you help me 一样。
2. Would you mind + v.-ing的否定形式是在mind后面加not，即Would you mind not ... 结构。
Would you mind not standing in front of me
请你不要站在我的前面好吗？
[注意]
表达“不介意”：
No, certainly not.
Of course not.
Not at all.
表达“介意”：
Yes, you’d better not.
Yes, please don’t.
I’m sorry, but I do.
Sorry, but ...
3. 对于请求或提建议的句型常用的应答语有:
肯定回答:
Sure. / Certainly. / All right. / Of course, you can. / Yes, please. / No problem. / I’d be glad to. / Good idea ...
否定回答:
No, thanks. / I’m afraid you can’t. / You’d better not ...
(2020 北京)
— _______ you give me a hand I can’t move the box by myself.
— No problem.
A. Could
B. Should
C. Must
D. Need
A
(2020 连云港)
— What a sunny day! Why not go cycling
— ________.
A. No, I don’t mind B. You’d better not
C. That sounds great D. It’s my pleasure
C
(2020 孝感)
— Helen, could you please water the flowers in my garden
— ______. They are so lovely.
A. That’s too bad B. With pleasure
C. You’re welcome D. I’m afraid not
B
(2020 安徽)
— Would you mind handing me a pair of serving chopsticks
— _________. Here you are.
A. Of course not
B. Yes, I’d love to
C. I don’t agree
D. That’s all right
A
(2019 安徽)
—Sorry. I took the wrong seat.
—_____. I will take yours instead.
A. No way B. Better not
C. Excuse me D. That’s all right
D
(2019 黄石)
— It’s nearly lunch time. How about having some noodles and dumplings
—_____.
A. You’re welcome
B. That’s alright
C. That’s nice of you
D. That sounds good
D
(2019 武汉)
—May I help you, young lady
—_____.
A. Good for you
B. Well done
C. Yes, please
D. Take it easy
C
(2019 自贡)
—Mum. I don’t have anybody to play with. Can I have a pet
—_____Our apartment is too small.
A. Why not
B. I hope so.
C. I’m afraid not.
C
（2018·山东滨州）
—Would you please come to my birthday party with me tonight
— _______. I suppose we will have a wonderful night!
A. No way
B. Have a good time
C. Not exactly
D. My pleasure
D
1. Sweep the floor, Peter!
2. Can you sweep the floor, Peter
3. Could you please sweep the floor
Which is the most polite one
从各题所给的三个选项中，选择一个最佳答案。
( )1. —Excuse me, could you help me
with the heavy box
—__________.
A. Yes, I do
B. It doesn’t matter
C. Of course
C
( )2. —Could I have your name, please
—_____________.
A. Sorry, I’m not B. Yes, you could
C. You can call me Jenny
( )3. —Could I use your bike
—Sure, you _________.
A. might B. can C. should
C
B
( ) 4. Could you please ________ me look
for my dog
A. help B. helped C. to help
( ) 5. My brother is ________ his homework
and my mother is ________ dinner.
A. making; making B. doing; making
C. making; doing
A
B
