外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 5 On the road词汇精讲课堂课件(共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本：新外研
单元：必修二 Unit 5
本单元词汇梳理
1. destination：de- (向下) + stin (stand 站) ，下一个立足点，即目的地
词块：reach one’s destination, a holiday / tourist destination
2. gallery：词块：an art gallery
3. quest：词块：the quest for knowledge
4. quit：意为“离开”“停止”时是非正式用语 (对应leave)
词块：quit a job, quit school, quit (doing) sth
过去式、过去分词：quit / quitted, quit / quitted
5. profession：词块：by profession
词族：profession, professional, professionally
6. previous：pre- (before 在前) + via (road 路) → 在路上走在前面→ 先前的；派生词 previously
词块：previous to
7. route：词块：take / follow a route, a bus route
8. aboard：= on board
词源：a- (on 在……上) + board (木板) 。古代小船基本上就是由几块木板构成，所以board也可表示“木船”，aboard就是“在船上” 。后来，随着交通工具的发展，aboard的词义也随之扩展，可以表示“在火车上” “在飞机上”等。
词块：Welcome aboard Flight … All aboard!
9. landscape：land (land 土地) + -scap(e) (condition 状况) → “土地的状况”，原用于绘画术语指自然风景画，后表示风景。
10. dramatic：drama + -tic；
词族：drama, dramatic, dramatically, dramatist
词块：a dramatic increase
11. hike：词块：go hiking；派生词：hiker
12. volcano：派生词：volcanic
13. visa：来自词根vis- (to see 看)，看过的文件 → 签证
同根词：visible (必修一U2)
14. budget：词源： budget的词源义是“小钱包”，后来泛指任何尺寸的钱包，尤其是皮钱包。在过去，英国财政大臣到议会提请审批财政预算时，通常先将预算材料装在皮包中，到议会时再把材料从皮包中掏出来。所以 “open the budget ”（打开皮包拿出预算材料）表示“提出预算”。后来，budget的词义就从“装预算材料的皮包”演变到了“预算” 。
词块：on budget
15. chain：一词多义，基本义“链条”
隐喻：具体的金属“链条” → 抽象事物的“一连串”和商业上的“连锁店”
名词动词化
16. transfer：trans- (into another place) + fer (to carry 带) → 带到另一个地方 → 转移 → 转换另一种交通工具 → 换乘
17. luggage：不可数名词，词块：a piece of luggage
18. currency：来自current；词块：foreign currency
19. credit：词源：来自词根 cred (believe, trust 相信、信任)
词块：credit card；
熟词生义“学分”
20. cash：词块：in cash；派生词：cashier
21. flight：flight 是个同形异义词：
意为“飞行”时，和动词 fly 同源；
意为“一段楼梯”时，来源于法语另外一个词；
意为“逃跑”时，和英语 flee 同源。
词块：a long / short flight, book / catch / miss a flight
22. remote：re- (back 向后) + -mot- (to move 移动) + -e → 向后移动，越来越远 → 遥远的；
同根词：motor
词块：a remote village, a remote control
23. engage：en- (to make 使) + gage (pledge 加入)
基本义为“使加入”
词块：engage in；
派生词：engaged, engagement
24. café：法语词，既可以写作café，也可以写作cafe
25. soccer：英式足球：football；
词块：play soccer / football
26. continent：词块：the Asian / African / American continent
27. vehicle：正式用语
隐喻：具体的“车辆” → 抽象的“手段 / 工具”
28. deer：单复数同形
29. mass：词块：a mass of / masses of = a lot of / lots of, mass production, mass media
engage
flight
重难点词
精讲
chain
一词多义
credit
一词多义
一词多义
搭配义
一词多义
英语释义
quit
一词多义
mass
熟词生义
profession
辨析义
名词动词化
quit
Winners never quit and quitters never win.
成功者永不放弃，放弃者永不胜利。
文斯 隆巴迪（Vince Lombardi），美国职业橄榄球教练员。他曾带领绿湾包装工队获得了第一届和第二届的“超级碗”冠军，是美国职业橄榄球联赛 (NFL) 最成功、最受尊重的教练之一。美国职业橄榄球大联盟，NFL 年度总决赛超级碗比赛的冠军奖杯文斯 隆巴迪杯就是以其名字命名的。
［非正式用语］离开（工作、学校等）：
quit a job / quit school
［非正式用语］停止；戒除 to stop doing sth bad or annoying：
He didn’t quit, and he became a great pianist.
quit doing sth:
My father has quit smoking at last.
关闭 / 退出（计算机程序等）
quit (quit / quitted, quit / quitted) vt & vi
profession n [C] 职业；行业：
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano. 2019 江苏
She was at the very top of her profession.
【温故】
professional (必修一U3)
adj 职业的；专业的：
a professional tennis player
He dealt with the problem in a highly professional way.
n [C] 专业人士；职业选手：
There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.
【知新】
professionalism n [U] 专业水准；专业素质；职业化
work 指工作、职业。
Though I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree, I could not find satisfying work.
vareer 指生涯、职业。
The scandal（丑闻）destroyed his career as a lawyer.
profession 指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。
When he graduated from college, he wanted to enter the medical profession.
trade 指行业，尤指手工职业、工艺、行当。
He learned his trade as a carpenter in the north.
Many teachers are thinking about leaving the profession for more highly paid careers.
辨析work, career, profession, trade
上面两段新闻中的“ human chain”是什么意思呢？chain的基本义是“链子；链条”，衍生义可由基本义推测出来。
chain
chain词源解读
chain的词源义为“金属或其他材料连接成的系列”（即链子），14世纪末期衍生出“脖子上带的装饰物”（如金链子）；16世纪泛指任何连接起来的系列；随着商业的发展，衍生出了“连锁店”之意；随着物理学的发展及核物理的发现，出现了词块“连锁反应”。
chain
n
[C] & [U] 链子；链条；锁链：
a bicycle chain / the food chain
The prisoners are in chains.
[C] 一系列；一连串：
a chain of events / accidents / thoughts / misfortunes
a chain reaction
[C] 连锁店 (chain store)；连锁集团：
a supermarket chain
vt 用链拴住；束缚：
Chain the horse to the tree.
名词动词化
链条
（基本义）
连锁店；
连锁集团
金属“链条”
一系列；
一连串
店铺等构成的“链条”
事件等构成的“链条”
链子；链条；锁链
chain语义网络图
n
v
用链拴住；束缚
credit card在我们的生活中处处可见，你知道TA的故事来源吗？
credit
credit
credit
据说第一张信用卡 (credit card) 是由就餐者俱乐部 (Diners Club)发行的，这张卡的发明者是该俱乐部的创始人——弗兰克 麦克纳马拉 (Frank McNamara)。有一次弗兰克请客吃饭，却偏偏忘了带钱夹，付账时尴尬万分。通达的老板解围说：“我知道你信誉 (credit) 一向非常好，下次来一起付吧。”
这起意外使弗兰克得到了启发，他和朋友施耐德 (Ralph Schneider)合作，在纽约创办了“就餐者俱乐部”，为200名会员发放一张证明身份和支付能力的卡片，他们凭卡片可以在纽约27家饭店用餐而不需带现金 (cash) ，到时只要和就餐者俱乐部一次清账就可以了。信用卡就是一种信贷 (credit) 。
[U] 信用；信誉：
gain / lose credit
It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit. 2016 浙江
[U] 赊账；信贷：
It doesn’t matter whether you pay in cash or by credit card in this store. 2012 山东改
Most new cars are bought on credit.
credit R3 n
credit 来自词根cred (believe, trust 相信、信任)， 基本义为“信任”
[C] & [U] 存款额：
I’ll put a 300-dollar credit on your account. 2010 北京
[U] 赞扬；功劳 praise or approval that you give to
sb for sth they have done well：
I can’t take all the credit for the show’s success — it was a team effort.
They never give me any credit for all the extra work I do.
[C] 学分：
I don’t have enough credits to graduate.
to sb’s credit 为某人增光；值得赞扬：
To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas, but they still have very different institutions.
同义异构：praise
[不用于进行时] 认为是……的功劳；把……归功于：
The company is credited with inventing the industrial robot.
Much of the team’s success can be credited to their manager.
credit v
信任
（基本义）
credit
学分
基于“信任”的延期付款
被“信任”能还款的状态
赞扬；功劳
做出成绩被“信任”
credit语义网络图
被“信任”的学业成绩
基于“信任”的存款
存款额
赊账；信贷
信用；信誉
认为是……的功劳；把……归功于
n
v
flight
动词fly的名词是？
[U] 飞翔；飞行：
a bird in flight
Flight is natural to birds.
[C] 班机；航班；空中旅行：
book / catch / miss a flight
a long / short flight
[U] 逃跑；逃避：
When the alarm sounded, the robbers took flight in a hurry.
[C] (楼梯等的) 一段：
a flight of stairs / steps
词源：flight 是个同形异义词：意为“飞行”时，和动词 fly 同源；意为“一段楼梯”时，来源于法语另外一个词；意为“逃跑”时，来源于日耳曼语，和英语 flee 同源。
flight n
engage
表示“参加；参与”的词块有哪些？
join in
engage in / engage oneself in
take part in
participate in
be involved in / involve oneself in
The Program aims to encourage students to engage themselves in making a difference in society. 2011 天津改
engage v [正式用语]
vt & vi (使) 参加；(使) 参与 to be doing or become involved in an activity：
engage sb in conversation
Only 10% of American adults engage in regular exercise.
词源：en- “in” （make 使） + gage （pledge 加入），基本义为“使加入”； 同前缀词：encourage, enable, ensure。
engage
vt 雇用；聘请 to employ sb to do a particular job：
engage local people as volunteers
Her father engaged a tutor to improve her maths.
vt 吸引 (住) to attract sb’s attention and interest：
engage sb’s interest / attention
It’s a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.
(使) 加入
基本义
engage
雇用；聘请
使某人“加入”注意力
(使) 某人“加入”活动
engage语义网络图
(使) 某人“加入”工作
吸引 (住)
(使) 参加；(使) 参与
engaged adj
[正式用语] 忙于；从事于：
I was totally engaged in my study and seldom paid attention to my mother’s feelings. 2011 江苏书面表达改
I can’t come to dinner on Tuesday — I’m otherwise engaged.
已订婚的：
She was engaged to Peter.
被占用的；使用中的：
She rang a friend but the line was engaged.
engagement n [C] 订婚；约定；(与……的) 亲密关系：
She has broken off her engagement to Charles.
If we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline. 2011 福建
【词汇拓展】
看图猜词
大众传媒
批量生产
大众文化 / 娱乐
大规模灭绝
mass
mass
n [C]
团；块；堆：
a mass of rocks
large masses of clouds
许多；大量：
a mass of / masses of:
I’ve got a mass of things to do this morning.
Wherever the Beatles went, masses of fans would welcome them at the airport.
[the masses] 群众；民众：
The trains provide cheap travel for the masses.
[U] (物理学) 质量
adj [只用于名词前] 民众的；大规模的：
a mass protest
mass production
【词汇拓展】
massive adj 巨大的；大而重的；大规模的：
A massive earthquake hit central Italy in August 2016, killing at least 247 people. 北师新选必①-3
本单元金句汇总
1. He didn’t quit, and he became a great pianist.
2. I can’t take all the credit for the show’s success — it
was a team effort.
3. Only 10% of American adults engage in regular exercise.
4. It’s a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.
5. I was totally engaged in my study and seldom paid attention to my mother’s feelings.
6. I’ve got a mass of things to do this morning.
随堂检测
一、写出句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。
I tried to quit smoking several times before I realised I was addicted.
_____________
二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。
Lauren Bath quit her job as a chef. (changed / left) _____________
三、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
我成功地戒掉了看电视。(quit doing sth)
____________________________________________________________
戒烟
I have successfully quit / quitted watching TV.
quit
left
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. She’s a nurse ___________ profession and now runs a counseling (咨询) service for women.
2. She thought about engaging a ___________ (profession) pianist to work with her father. (2019 江苏改)
3. I would like to know some of the ideas of all you ___________ (profession) out there in the world. (2012 广东)
4. He has doubt about the professor’s _____________ (professional). (2019 全国改)
professionals
profession
by
professional
professionalism
二、从方框中选出适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. Teaching was a ______________ I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. (2011 广东)
2. Most of the men had worked in skilled ____________ such as printing.
3. His father had been a carpenter by ____________.
4. She graduated from college six months ago and she’s still looking for ____________.
5. Like his father, Tom chose a ____________ in the Army.
6. There was a big demand for accountants in the 1980s, and many graduates entered the ____________ at this time.
work, career, profession, trade
profession
trades
trade
work
career
profession
根据句意写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck. ___________
2. Before he started Wagamama, he had tried to set up a Chinese fast-food chain in Britain. ___________
3. Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. ___________
4. The book examines the chain of events that led to the revolution (革命). ___________
5. I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. ___________
6. Volunteers formed a human chain to save things from the burning house. ___________
7. I received a key chain with my initials (名字缩写). ___________
连锁快餐店
金项链
用链子拴住
一连串事件
chain
束缚
钥匙链
排成一条长龙
写出下列句子中credit的汉语释义。
1. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. (2005 广东) __________
2. Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working got around town. A local clothing store offered me credit although I was only in seventh grade. (2003 北京) __________
3. The library has lockers for students to store things. When you have got at least 40 credits, you may rent a locker. (2013 天津改) __________
4. It was hard to credit some of the stories we heard about her. __________
5. He is a great young man who is a credit to his family and to his school. __________
6. What’s the credit limit on your credit card __________
credit
赞扬
赊账
学分
信任；相信
为……增光
信用额度
翻译下列词块。
1. (给某人) 预订航班 ____________________
2. 赶航班 ____________________ 3. 误机 ____________________
4. 取消航班 ____________________ 5. 登机 ____________________
6. 航班起飞 ____________________
7. 航班到达 / 降落 ________________
8. 从北京飞往纽约的航班 ____________________
9. 航班号 ____________________ 10. 返航 ____________________
11. 直达航班 ____________________
12. 国内 / 国际航班 ____________________
13. 长途 / 短途飞行 ____________________
flight
book (sb) a flight
miss a flight
cancel a flight
a flight takes off / leaves
a flight arrives / lands
a domestic / an international flight
catch a flight
a flight from Beijing to New York
the flight number
return flight
board a flight
a direct / non-stop flight
a long / short flight
engage
一、写出下列句子中engage的汉语释义。
1. They never learned skills to engage the attention of the others. __________
2. The company has engaged two male dancers from the Bolshoi (莫斯科大剧院). __________
3. Those who engaged in no physical activity were 26 percent more likely to have symptoms of depression (抑郁的症状) 3 years later than those who exercise regularly. (2014 上海) __________
吸引
参加；参与
雇佣
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. A study shows the students who are __________ (engage) in after-school activities are happier than those who are not. (2019 天津)
2. They tried to engage him __________ conversation.
3. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our ______________ (engage) with that person will decline (减弱) until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.
4. She is engaged __________ an actor.
to
engagement
in
engaged
mass
一、写出下列句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。
1. Henry Ford said: “I will build a motor car for the great mass of people.” (2011 辽宁) ____________
2. This mass extinction is caused by hunting, habitat destruction and pollution. _______________
3. When I washed the sweater, it just turned into a shapeless mass.
_______________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
There were __________ (大量) people in the shops yesterday.
大众
大规模的灭绝
masses of
团
谢
谢
观
赏