湖南省部分学校2022-2023学年高三一轮复习联考（四）英语试题（含答案）
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湖南省部分学校2022-2023学年高三一轮复习联考（四）英语试题
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
If you love talking about vacations as much as you love going on vacation, then this card game Destination Anywhere from TableTopics is for you.
There aren’t any rules—it’s just you, your friend, and 135 cards printed with conversation starters that all relate to travel. The questions are open enough. They might inspire you to share the funniest stories from your previous travels. “What do you always forget when you’re packing for a trip ” may, for example, remind you of the time when you forgot to bring your tent on a week-long hike. And “Do you prefer making tours or seeing sites on your own ” is practically begging your sister to talk about the time she got lost on a self-guided tour through the Tuscan countryside and was rescued by a kindly old sheepherder. The game is recommended to ages 12 and up, and you can get it on Amazon for $25.
If the Destination Anywhere version doesn’t sit well with you, there are plenty of other TableTopics versions to choose from. The “Geek Pop!” edition ($22) could encourage a lively debate. “Not Your Mom’s Dinner Party” edition ($25) will keep your guests entertained with questions like “Have you ever been accompanied by security ” The “Family” edition ($25) is a great way to get silent kids to come out of their shells a little. “Would you rather know how to fly a plane, drive a race car, or rock climb ” pretty much guarantees an answer that isn’t “Yes”, “No”, or “Good”.
You can browse all the TableTopics card set on Amazon.
1、What do we know about the game Destination Anywhere
A. It is only suitable for adults to play.
B. It requires players to follow certain rules.
C. It prompts people to start talking about travel.
D. It is the cheapest of all the TableTopics card games.
2、Which of the following edition can help introverted children to talk more
A. Family B. Geek Pop!
B. C. Destination Anywhere D. Not Your Mom’s Dinner Party
3、What’s the purpose of the text
A. To show how to play the card games.
B. To give suggestions on holding parties.
C. To encourage people to go on vacation.
D. To recommend the TableTopics card set.
The waste management park at Water Beach in Cambridge-shire handles 400,000 tons of recycling every year.
Fran Hawes is standing on the edge of a mountain of dry recycling. She says, “Some think it’s a discouraging thing, but for me personally, it is a huge responsibility.” Fran, who started to do the job at the age of 26, takes her job very seriously. “I am that annoying person at a party who will get everyone’s recycling and make sure everything goes in the right bin,” she admits. “That’s my job. That’s my mission. That’s what I need to do. It allows me to find my leadership style.”
Bin loader Richard Hughes and his colleagues clock on at the waste service garage in Peter-borough at 6:30 and are out emptying bins within half an hour. Richard works four 12-hour days and admits the pay and the condition are not great—but there are three days off which he can spare to his partner and children. His colleague Crystal Teal has been working as a bin loader for two and a half months. “I didn’t feel my last job gave me self-worth and general happiness, so I decided to change and do something completely different,” she says. “I decided to be a binman. It doesn’t bother me that men are mainly doing it,” Crystal adds. “It can be smelly some days, but go home and have a shower, you’ll be all right.”
“When householders put the wrong material in the recycling bins, it makes me feel angry that they are just putting it out there. We’re doing our job to serve them. We are providing service to take their rubbish away and they can’t do their part to put the right things in,” said Richard.
“Any problem has a solution—therefore I’m not afraid of a pile of waste,” Fran says. “To any normal person, this might be intimidating (令人生畏的). It’s a challenge. But this will be gone by Monday morning.”
4、Why does Fran Hawes make others annoyed at a party
A.She asks everyone to be responsible for their jobs.
B.She still performs her task of waste sorting.
C.She hosts the party in a leadership way.
D.She might be smelly at parties.
5、Why did Crystal choose to be a bin loader
A.She needed a well-paid job. B.She preferred the three-day-off holiday.
C.It’s meaningful for her to do the job. D.All the colleagues were friendly to her.
6、What made Richard sometimes angry
A.People didn’t take out their rubbish.
B.People threw away rubbish everywhere.
C.People didn’t sort their rubbish out rightly.
D.People picked out useful things from the bins.
7、Which of the following can best describe Fran
A.Honest and determined. B.Humorous and confident.
C.Sensitive and talented. D.Responsible and optimistic.
The State of the World’s Birds—report from conservation group Bird Life is the latest critical survey that highlight the scale of the current biodiversity crisis. It says, more than half the world’s bird species are in decline, as human activities including agriculture and expansion into habitats continue to wreak havoc on bird populations.
“We have already lost over 160 bird species in the last 500 years, and the rate of extinction is accelerating,” said Lucy Haskell, who is lead author of the report. “Historically, most extinctions were on islands, but worryingly there is a growing wave of continental extinctions, driven by landscape-scale habitat loss.”
The report reviewed data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. Analysis showed that 5,412 of bird species worldwide, or 49 percent, have declining populations, while 38 percent are stable, 6 percent are increasing, and 6 percent have unknown trends. One in eight species is threatened with extinction, and also highlighted the massive scale of population loss in several well-surveyed areas.
The expansion and intensification (集约化) in agriculture is the leading threat to birds, the report said, impacting at least 73 percent of threatened species. Unsustainable logging and management of forests is another significant threat, impacting nearly half of threatened bird species.
Birds play an essential role in the health of ecosystems around the world. They are predators, pollinators, seed dispensers, and scavengers, and help to move and cycle nutrients across wide ranges. “Birds tell us about the health of our natural environment—we ignore their messages at our peril,” Lucy said.
Authors of the report said that governments must prioritize more sustainable agriculture practices and the protection of natural habitats in order to slow population decline in bird species. There are numerous examples of populations bouncing back with the help of well-coordinated conservation programs. “If we give nature a chance, it can recover,” said. But chart, who is chief scientist for Bird Life. “There is no denying that the situation is terrible, but we know how to reverse these declines.”
8、What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Gradually change. B.Sharply increase.
C.Slightly disturb. D.Seriously damage.
9、How did the report show the state of the world’s birds
A.By listing causes. B.By making comparisons.
C.By analyzing data. D.By answering questions.
10、What is the major threat to birds according to the report
A.Illegal hunting for birds. B.The development of agriculture.
C.Poor management of forests. D.The loss of landscape-scale habitats.
11、What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Birds play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity.
B.Governments have protected natural habitats greatly.
C.Conservation programs need to be updated more frequently.
D.Scientists are confident about slowing population decline of birds.
Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid (甲酸)—a stable fuel that can either be used directly or be changed into hydrogen, without requiring any additional components or electricity. The device, developed by a team from the University of Cambridge, is a significant step toward achieving artificial photosynthesis (光合作用).
Harvesting solar energy to turn carbon dioxide into fuels is a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. However, it is challenging to produce these clean fuels without unwanted by-products. “In addition, storage of gaseous fuels can be complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported,” said Professor Eisner, senior author of the study.
In 2019, researchers from Eisner’s group developed a solar reactor based on an “artificial leaf” design, which also uses sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce a fuel, known as syn-gas. The new technology is quite similar to the artificial leaf but works in a different way and produces formic acid, which can be chemically converted into different types of fuel.
The artificial leaf used components from solar-cells, while the new device doesn’t require these components and relies entirely on photo-catalysts (光催化剂) placed on a sheet. The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively. In addition, this new technology produces clean fuels that are easier to store.
“We were surprised how well it worked—it produced almost no by-products,” said Eisner. “Sometimes things don’t work as well as you expected, but this was a rare case where it actually worked better.”
The researchers are now working to further improve efficiency. Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels. “We hope this technology will pave the way toward sustainable and practical solar fuel production,” said Eisner.
12、What was a problem with artificial photosynthesis
A.It consumes too much electricity.
B.It produces too many by-products.
C.The energy it produces is not easy to store.
D.The energy it produces cannot be used directly.
13、What advantage does the new device have over the artificial leaf
A.It is more environment-friendly.
B.It is lighter and easier to carry.
C.It is more economical and efficient.
D.It uses less energy-demanding solar cells.
14、What do the researchers focus on doing now
A.Trying out new catalysts. B.Making full use of by-products.
C.Exploring other sustainable fuels. D.Mass-producing their new device.
15、What can be the best title for the text
A.The prospect of artificial photosynthesis
B.A new device for artificial photosynthesis
C.Opportunities and challenges of photo-catalysts
D.Artificial leaf: great progress on making clean energy
二、七选五
16、 Working on ships is not an easy task and dissatisfaction and deactivation can easily be developed among seafarers as a result of various kinds of stresses. ①_____ Therefore, captain should take additional steps as mentioned below to ensure that all team members are comfortable with each other both on and off work.
The morning meeting, which is conducted to assign work to team members, is the best time to get all the crew members together. It is necessary that crew members talk to each other during such meetings. ②_____ This activity gives members a sense of responsibility and importance. It also works a great deal in improving their performance and interpersonal relationship.
On-board training program is yet another important opportunity to get crew members together to instruct important working knowledge or conduct safety committee meetings. ③_____ Spend free time together. It is often seen that post working hours, officers and crew members spend time in their own rooms instead of getting together in offices or crew lounge. Watching movies and playing games in free time is a solid way to know each other and build great relationships both on and off work.
④_____ Party is a great method to bond people together and improve scarred relationships on board ships. However, it is necessary that they are arranged in such a way that maximum crew is able to participate. Festival celebrations are also a great way to enhance interpersonal relationships between people onboard.
The above-mentioned methods are some of the main ones that are used onboard to strengthen relationships on board ships. ⑤_____ And it would also improve productivity and employment satisfaction.
A.During such situation, it is up to captain.
B.A “one-man-show” cannot run the whole ship.
C.Everyone likes to party and unwind once in a while.
D.Each member should be given a chance to provide suggestions.
E.Doing this would ensure smooth and safe operations of the ship.
F.Captain should arrange the training for maximum crew members to participate.
G.This is the most important step towards developing interpersonal relationship on board ships.
三、完形填空（15空）
This happened when I was 11. On Mother’s Day, I made a Bundt cake and 1 slices of it away. Many moms began asking me to bake them cakes straight away.
I’m interested in baking and 2 watching baking shows. So when I heard about their 3 , I realized I could just 4 it. Then I started my cake business.
5 , the cakes would fall apart. So not every cake was perfectly baked the first time I 6 . But I knew that it was OK to make 7 and that you just kept going until it was right. Success came after many failures. Now I’m a (an) 8 baker. I’d let my Bundt cakes cook for less than an hour before my dad would take them out of the oven and give them to me. I offer 9 like cream cheese, lemon and chocolate, and I will do special cakes on 10 , too.
So far I have sold nearly 300 cakes. I donated some money I 11 to a charity, so that I could provide 12 for some families.
My friends have said that I am a great entrepreneur. I am glad that I have been able to do my business during the pandemic. I was 13 before this, and this has 14 me to do something meaningful 15 just sitting down and watching TV.
17、A.brought B.threw C.gave D.moved
18、A.favor B.suggest C.consider D.finish
19、A.ambition B.kindness C.wisdom D.demand
20、A.apply for B.go for C.account for D.prepare for
21、A.Gradually B.Regularly C.Originally D.Suddenly
22、A.learned B.received C.submitted D.tried
23、A.mistakes B.complaints C.efforts D.predictions
24、A.curious B.advanced C.intelligent D.skilled
25、A.discounts B.collections C.selections D.meals
26、A.request B.purpose C.hand D.average
27、A.appreciated B.withdrew C.earned D.raised
28、A.relief B.courage
C.surprise D.accommodation
29、A.shocked B.bored C.satisfied D.embarrassed
30、A.persuaded B.promised C.appointed D.enabled
31、A.regardless of B.instead of
C.in addition to D.by comparison with
四、语法填空
32、 Sanfutie, or Sanfu medicinal patch, is a bandage with traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believe that ①_____(receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is an effective way ②_____(prevent) and treat diseases occurring or being worse in winter, such as coughs, asthma and arthritis.
The treatment is based on the TCM principle of yin and yang, ③_____ believes the balance of both elements in the body ④_____(be) vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbal ⑤_____(extract) that are “hot” in nature, and when ⑥_____(apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the lack and neck, they replenish (补充) the yang elements.
These patches ⑦_____(use) in TCM since the earliest recorded times of Chinese history, as it is found in the Huangdi Neijing (The Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor), ⑧_____ must-learn textbook for TCM practitioners, compiled at least 2,000 years ago. Sanfutie treatment became ⑨_____(extreme) popular in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and has enjoyed a revival in recent years as more patients turn ⑩_____ TCM treatment.
五、书面表达
33、假如你是李华，在英国做交换生时曾患病住院，寄宿家庭房东Eric给予你悉心照料，并经常辅导你功课。你现已回国，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾帮助；
3. 邀请来中国游玩。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Eric,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Beautiful Group Painting
The art class was over in a blink of an eye. When the recess bell (下课铃) rang, Lisa sighed. At her old school, she used to play with her friends. Now she sat in the corner of the field and watched the other kids play without her.
As she cleared her table, Lisa noticed a box of chalk by the window. She put it in her pockets. Then she took her usual place at the end of the recess line.
As she and her classmates walked down the hall and out into the yard, Lisa remembered how she and her mother used to draw chalk designs on the long driveway leading to the old apartment. The patterns were called rangoli (印度传统地画), and they looked like stars and roses. Lisa’s mother said that the drawings were to welcome guests to their home. Lisa missed the early mornings she and her mother would spend drawing those colorful patterns.
Lisa walked to the basketball court and sat on the sidewalk. She took chalk out of her pocket and began to draw her favorite rangoli pattern. She drew flowers with huge petals (花瓣) and stars with eight points.
“That’s pretty,” a voice said. She turned around and saw that Eric, a boy in her class, was watching her.
“It’s called rangoli,” she said.
“The floor of my grandmother’s house has patterns like that,” Eric said.
“What do you mean ” Lisa asked. “Hand me a piece of chalk,” Eric said. Eric sat down on the pavement and began to draw. He drew flowers that were more detailed than Lisa’s, but still had huge petals. Then he drew circles inside circles, and surrounded them with small diamonds. Lisa kept drawing too.
“What are you guys doing ” a voice asked. Lisa and Eric had been so absorbed in drawing that they hadn’t noticed that their classmate Emma had been watching them.
“Hey,” Emma said, sitting down beside them, “that looks like the rugs (小地毯) in my uncle’s house. Except on the rugs, the shapes are bigger, and aren’t as curly (卷曲的).”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
“Show us,” said Eric, handing Emma a piece of chalk.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Having heard the teacher’s praise, many students gathered around.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“135 cards printed with conversation starters that all relate to travel”可知Destination Anywhere这个游戏会启发人们开始谈论有关旅行的话题。故选C。
2、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The ‘Family’ edition ($25) is a great way to get silent kids to come out of their shells a little.”可知“Family”这个游戏可以帮助沉默寡言的孩子多说话。故选A。
3、答案：D
解析：目的意图题。本文介绍了TableTopics系列产品的相关信息,最后一段还提供了销售渠道,故其目的在于向人们推荐TableTopics的系列产品。故选D。
4、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"I am that annoying person at a party who will get everyone's recycling and make sure everything goes in the right bin," she admits. "That's my job. That's my mission. That's what I need to do. It allows me to find my leadership style."(她承认: "我是聚会上那个讨厌的人,会把每个人的垃圾都收起来,并确保所有东西都放在正确的垃圾桶里。这是我的工作。这就是我的使命。这就是我需要做的。它让我找到了自己的领导风格。")可知,在聚会时,Fran会收起每个人的垃圾,并做好垃圾分类的工作,这让聚会中的人感到不舒服。故选B项。
5、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"I didn't feel my last job gave me self-worth and general happiness, so I decided to change and do something completely different," she says. "I decided to be a binman. It doesn't bother met hat men are mainly doing it," Crystal adds.("我觉得上一份工作并没有给我带来自我价值和快乐,所以我决定改变,做一些完全不同的事情。"她说, "我决定当一名清洁工。主要是男性在做这件事,我并不介意这一点,"克里斯托补充道。)可知,Crystal认为自己的上一份工作没有让她感受到快乐和自我价值的实现,而离职后她选择当一个垃圾倾倒工,可推知,这是一份能使她感受到自我价值和快乐的工作,对她来说,这是一份有意义的工作。故选C项。
6、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"When householders put the wrong material in there cycling bins, it makes me feel angry that they are just putting it out there. We're doing our job to serve them. We are providing service to take their rubbish away and they can't do their part to put the right things in," said Richard.("当住户们把错误的材料放入回收箱时,我感到愤怒,因为他们只是把它放在那里。我们在尽我们的职责为他们服务。我们提供服务把他们的垃圾运走,而他们却不能尽自己的一份力把正确的东西放进去。"理查德说道。)可知,住户们不把垃圾正确地分类,放在正确的地方,这让Richard很生气。故选C项。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段She says, "Some think it's a discouraging thing, but for me personally, it is a huge responsibility." Fran, who started to do the job at the age of 26, takes her job very seriously.(她说: "有些人认为这是一件令人沮丧的事情,但对我个人来说,这是一项巨大的责任。"弗兰从26岁开始做这份工作,她非常认真地对待她的工作。)可知,Fran对工作很负责;根据最后一段“Any problem has a solution—therefore I’m not afraid of a pile of waste,” Fran says. “To any normal person, this might be intimidating (令人生畏的). It’s a challenge. But this will be gone by Monday morning.”("任何问题都有解决的办法,所以我不怕一堆垃圾。"Fran说,"对于任何一个正常人来说,这可能令人生畏。这是一个挑战。但到周一早上就会没了。")可知,尽管垃圾很多,但Fran对于这个挑战能很乐观地面对。故选D项。
8、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词组所在的句子It says, more than half the world's bird species are in decline, as human activities including agriculture and expansion into habitats continue to wreak havoc on bird populations.(报告称,由于包括农业和栖息地扩张在内的人类活动继续对鸟类种群造成严重破坏,世界上一半以上的鸟类物种正在减少。)及第二段We have already lost over 160 bird species in the last 500 years, and the rate of extinction is accelerating(在过去的500年里,我们已经失去了160多种鸟类,灭绝的速度正在加快)可知,农业和向栖息地扩张的人类活动继续对鸟类种群造成严重破坏。由此推知,划线词组wreak havoc on与seriously damag(严重损坏)意义接近。A.Gradually change.逐渐改变;B.Sharply increase.急剧增加;C.Slightly disturb.轻微打扰;D.Seriously damage.严重破坏。故选D项。
9、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Analysis showed that 5,412 of bird species worldwide, or 49 percent, have declining populations, while 38 percent are stable,6 percent are increasing, and 6 percent have unknown trends. One in eight species is threatened with extinction, and also highlighted the massive scale of population loss in several well-surveyed areas.(分析显示,全球5412种鸟类(即49%)的种群数量在下降,38%的种群数量稳定,6%的种群数量正在增加,6%的鸟类数量呈未知趋势。每八个物种中就有一个面临灭绝的威胁,这也突显了在几个调查良好的地区,人口的大规模流失)可推知,该报告通过分析数据显示了世界鸟类的状况。故选C项。
10、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段The expansion and intensification (集约化) in agriculture is the leading threat to birds, the report said, impacting at least 73 percent of threatened species.(报告称,农业的扩张和集约化是鸟类面临的主要威胁,至少影响了73%的受威胁物种)可知,根据报告,鸟类面临的主要威胁是农业的发展。故选B项。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"If we give nature a chance, it can recover," said But chart, who is chief scientist for Bird Life. "There is no denying that the situation is terrible, but we know how to reverse these declines."("如果我们给大自然一个机会,它可以恢复,"鸟类生命的首席科学家布特·查特说。"无可否认,情况很糟糕,但我们知道如何扭转这种下滑。")可知,从最后一段可以推断出科学家们对减缓鸟类数量的下降充满信心。故选D项。
12、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In addition, storage of gaseous fuels can be complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported(此外,气体燃料的储存可能很复杂 我们希望达到这样一种程度,即我们可以清洁地生产出一种液体燃料,同时也可以方便地储存和运输)”可知,人工光合作用的一个问题就是产生的气态燃料不易储存。故选C。
13、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The artificial leaf used components from solar-cells, while the new device doesn't require these components and relies entirely on photo-catalysts (光催化剂) placed on a sheet. The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively. In addition, this new technology produces clean fuels that are easier to store.(人造叶子使用了太阳能电池的组件,而新设备不需要这些组件,完全依赖于放置在薄片上的光催化剂。该薄片由半导体粉末组成,可以轻松且经济有效地大量制备。此外,这项新技术还能生产更容易储存的清洁燃料)”可知,与人造叶子相比,新设备既经济又高效。故选C。
14、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels.(此外,他们正在探索其他催化剂以获得不同的太阳能燃料)”可知,研究人员现在专注于试验新的催化剂。故选A。
15、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid(甲酸)—a stable fuel that can either be used directly or be changed into hydrogen, without requiring any additional components or electricity. The device, developed by a team from the University of Cambridge, is a significant step toward achieving artificial photosynthesis(光合作用).(研究人员开发了一种装置,可以将阳光、二氧化碳和水转化为氧气和甲酸—一种既可以直接使用也可以转化为氢气的稳定燃料,而不需要任何额外的组件或电力。该装置由剑桥大学的一个团队开发,是实现人工光合作用的重要一步)”可知,文章主要介绍了研究人员发明的一种可用于人工光合作用的新设备。由此可知,B.A new device for artificial photosynthesis(人工光合作用的新装置)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
16、答案：ADFCE
解析：①上文“Working on ships is not an easy task and dissatisfaction and demotivation can easily be developed among seafarers as a result of various kinds of stresses.(在船上工作并非易事,由于各种压力,海员很容易产生不满和消极情绪。)”中的during such situation指的是上文船员的情况。根据下文“Therefore, captain should take additional steps...(因此,船长应该采取额外的步骤……)”可知,船员产生的这种状况,归根结底是由船长负责的。A选项“During such situation, it is up to captain.(在这种情况下,该由船长负责。)”引出下文,符合题意。故选A项。
②由上文“It is necessary that crew members talk to each other during such meetings.(在此类会议期间,全体船员有必要相互交谈。)”可知,全体船员都要相互交谈。由此推知,通过这种方式,他们就可以有机会提出自己的建议。D选项“Each member should be given a chance to provide suggestions.(每个成员都应该有机会提出建议。)”符合题意。故选D项。
③由上文“On-board training program is yet another important opportunity to get crew members together to instruct important working knowledge or conduct safety committee meetings.(船上培训计划是另一个重要的机会,让机组人员聚在一起指导重要的工作知识或举行安全委员会会议。)”可知,船上的船员应该参加船长安排的训练,F选项“Captain should arrange the training for maximum crew members to participate.(船长应安排训练以使最多的船员能够参加。)”切题。故选F项。
④本空在段首,是主旨句。根据下文“Party is a great method to bond people together and improve scarred relationships onboard ships.(聚会是将人们联系在一起并改善船上伤痕累累的关系的好方法。)”可知,本段以聚会和节日庆祝为例说明在船上偶尔聚会和放松一下也可以确保所有的团队成员能和睦相处,C选项“Everyone likes to party and unwind once in a while.(每个人都喜欢偶尔聚会和放松一下。”切题。故选C项。
⑤由上文“The above-mentioned methods are some of the main ones that are used onboard to strengthen relationships on board ships.(上述方法是船上用于加强船上关系的一些主要方法。)”和下文“And it would also improve productivity and employment satisfaction.(它还将提高生产力和就业满意度。)”可知,E选项“Doing this would ensure smooth and safe operations of the ship.(这样做可以确保船舶的平稳和安全运行。)”承接上文,点明这些方法益处的一方面。同时与下文构成并列关系,引出这些方法益处的另一方面。故选E项。
17、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:母亲节那天,我做了一个蛋糕,把它切成几片送人。A.brought带来;B.threw扔掉;C.gave给,送给;D.moved移动。根据后文“Many moms began asking me to bake them cakes straight away.”可知,作者把蛋糕切成片分发给其他妈妈们。故选C项。
18、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我对烘焙很感兴趣,喜欢看烘焙节目。A.favor赞成,喜爱;B.suggest建议;C.consider考虑;D.finish完成。根据前文“I'm interested in baking”可知,作者喜爱烘焙节目。故选A项。
19、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以当我听到她们的需求时,我意识到我可以放手去做。A.ambition雄心;B.kindness善良;C.wisdom智慧;D.demand需要,需求。根据前文“Many moms began asking me to bake them cakes straightaway.”可知,许多妈妈有需求。故选D项。
20、答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:所以当我听到他们的需求时,我意识到我可以放手去做。A.apply for申请;B.go for为……而去,争取得到;C.account for对……负责任;D.prepare for为……作准备。根据前文"when I heard about their 3 "及后文"Then I started my cake business."可知,作者为此放手去做。故选B项。
21、答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:最初,蛋糕会散架。A.Gradually逐渐地;B.Regularly有规律地;C.Originally最初;D.Suddenly突然。根据后文“the cakes would fall apart”及“the first time”可知,初做蛋糕,经验不足,蛋糕会散架的。故选C项。
22、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以我第一次尝试的时候,并不是每个蛋糕都烤得很完美。A.learned学习;B.received收到;C.submitted提交;D.tried尝试。根据语境和前文“not every cake was perfectly baked”及“the first time”可知,作者是第一次尝试,并不完美。故选D项。
23、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但我知道犯错误是不要紧的,你只要坚持下去,直到正确为止。A.mistakes错误;B.complaints抱怨;C.efforts努力;D.predictions预言。根据前文“not every cake was perfectly baked”及后文“Success came after many failures.”可知,作者知道失败是成功之母,起初的错误不要紧。故选A项。
24、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在我是一名熟练的面包师。A.curious好奇的;B.advanced先进的;C.intelligent智能的;D.skilled熟练的。根据前文“Success came after many failures.”及后文“I'd let my Bundt cakes cook for less than an hour before my dad would take them out of the oven and give them to me.”可知,经过多次失败之后,作者成功地成为一名熟练的面包师。故选D项。
25、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有奶油乳酪、柠檬和巧克力等可供选择,还会按客人要求做特别的蛋糕。A.discounts折扣;B.collections收藏;C.selections选择;D.meals饭餐。根据后文“like cream cheese, lemon and chocolate”可知,有这些材料可供选择。故选C项。
26、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有奶油乳酪、柠檬和巧克力等可供选择,还会按客人要求做特别的蛋糕。A.request请求,要求;B.purpose目的;C.hand手;D.average平均。根据常识和前文“I offer 9 like cream cheese, lemon and chocolate”可知,作者可以根据客户要求做各种特制的蛋糕。故选A项。
27、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我把我挣的一些钱捐给了慈善机构,这样我就可以为一些家庭提供救济。A.appreciated赞赏;B.withdrew撤回;C.earned挣得;D.raised提高。根据前文“So far I have sold nearly 300 cakes”可知,作者挣了一些钱。故选C项。
28、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我把我挣的一些钱捐给了慈善机构,这样我就可以为一些家庭提供救济。A.relief宽慰,救济;B.courage勇气;C.surprise惊讶;D.accommodation住处。根据前文“I donated some money I 11 to a charity”可知,作者为一些家庭提供了救助。故选A项。
29、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在这之前我很无聊,这让我可以做一些有意义的事情,而不是只是坐着看电视。A.shocked震惊的;B.bored厌烦的,无聊的;C.satisfied满意的;D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“just sitting down and watching TV”可知,作者在开始蛋糕生意以前,是非常无聊的。故选B项。
30、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:在这之前我很无聊,这让我可以做一些有意义的事情,而不是只是坐着看电视。A.persuaded说服;B.promised许诺;C.appointed任命,指定;D. enabled使能够。根据后文“do something meaningful”可知,作者的蛋糕生意让作者可以做一些有意义的事情。故选D项。
31、答案：B
解析：考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:在这之前我很无聊,这让我可以做一些有意义的事情,而不是只是坐着看电视。A.regardless of不管;B.instead of而不是;C.in addition to除……以外;D.by comparison with与……相比。根据前文“do something meaningful”及后文“just sitting down and watching TV”可知,蛋糕生意可以让作者做一些有意义的事情,而不是坐下来看电视。故选B项。
32、答案：①receiving②to prevent③which④is⑤extracts⑥applied⑦have been used⑧a⑨extremely⑩to
解析：①考查动名词。句意:中医从业者认为,在最热的夏天服用三伏贴是预防和治疗中国咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎等冬季疾病的有效方法。此处为非谓语动词中的动名词receiving在句中作主语。故填receiving。
②考查动词不定式。句意:中医从业者认为,在最热的夏天服用三伏贴是预防和治疗中国咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎等冬季疾病的有效方法。way后通常用动词不定式作定语。故填to prevent。
③考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这种疗法基于中医的阴阳原理,认为体内两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the TCM principle of yin and yang,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
④考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这种疗法基于中医的阴阳原理,认为体内两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词,主语是the balance,故谓语动词用单数,结合上下文时态可知,此处为一般现在时。故填is。
⑤考查可数名词的复数。句意:三伏贴含有一种草药成分的膏状成分,本质上是"热"的,当应用于特定的穴位时,通常是在背部、肩部和颈部,它们可以补充阳气。ingredient在that引导的定语从句中作主语成分,因从句谓语动词为are,所以此处为名词复数形式。故填ingredients。
⑥考查状语从句的省略。句意:三伏贴含有一种草药成分的膏状成分,本质上是"热"的,当应用于特定的穴位时,通常是在背部、肩部和颈部,它们可以补充阳气。此处为when引导时间状语从句的省略用法,完整的从句为when they are applied,此处省略了和主句相同的主语和are。故填applied。
⑦考查动词时态语态。句意:根据至少2000年前编撰的中医必读教材《黄帝内经》的记载,早在有记载的最早时期,中医就开始使用这些贴片了。根据空后的since...时间状语可知,该空动词要使用现在完成时,patches(复数名词)和use为被动关系,所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故填have been used。
⑧考查冠词。句意:根据至少2000年前编撰的中医必读教材《黄帝内经》的记载,早在有记载的最早时期,中医就开始使用这些贴片了。根据句意以及空后的单数名词textbook可知,此处为泛指"必学的一本书",结合must为首音节辅音单词。故填a。
⑨考查副词。句意:三伏贴疗法在清朝(1644-1911年)极为流行,近年来随着越来越多的患者转向中医治疗,三伏贴疗法又重新流行起来。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词extremely修饰形容词popular。故填extremely。
⑩考查动词短语。句意:三伏贴疗法在清朝(1644-1911年)极为流行,近年来随着越来越多的患者转向中医治疗,三伏贴疗法又重新流行起来。此处为动词短语turn to"转向",满足句意要求。故填to。
33、答案：
Dear Eric,
I've returned to China, and your kindness has always warmed me. So I'm writing to express my gratitude to you for your great help with my exchange program.
What impressed me most was what you did for me when I was in hospital. In my life, you attended to me like my parents, which soon eased my anxiety and made me feel at home. In my study, you patiently tutored me. Without you, I couldn't have made great progress in my courses.
Many thanks again. I do hope you will come to China to have a nice trip where you can witness the perfect combination of culture and nature in person.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给寄宿家庭房东Eric写一封电子邮件，表示对他给予你的照顾的感谢。
1.词汇积累
感谢：gratitude→thanks
照顾：attend to→ look after
减轻：ease→lighten
旅行：trip→ journey
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Without you, I couldn't have made great progress in my courses.
拓展句：If you had not helped me, I couldn't have made great progress in my courses.
【高分句型1】What impressed me most was what you did for me when I was in hospital.(运用了what引导的主语从句，what引导的表语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】In my life, you attended to me like my parents, which soon eased my anxiety and made me feel at home.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
34、答案：
“Show us,” said Eric, handing Emma a piece of chalk. Emma took the chalk and began drawing. She drew shapes that were full of straight lines and bright colors. They were bigger than the shapes Lisa and Eric had drawn, covering each other to form new shapes. She colored the drawings purple, blue, and white. “Wow!” The art teacher showed up at some point and said, “It’s a nice drawing.” The three students stood up and looked at their masterpiece, their heart swelling with pride.
Having heard the teacher’s praise, many students gathered around. They expressed their views on the drawings freely. Some said it looked like a universe, with many planets and stars. Some said it looked like a coral reef full of tropical fish. Some said it looked like a welcoming home. After listening to the students’ comments, the teacher said, “You are all right. But if you ask me, it is a beautiful group painting!” As soon as the teacher finished speaking, the other students joined in the painting.
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
If you love talking about vacations as much as you love going on vacation, then this card game Destination Anywhere from TableTopics is for you.
There aren’t any rules—it’s just you, your friend, and 135 cards printed with conversation starters that all relate to travel. The questions are open enough. They might inspire you to share the funniest stories from your previous travels. “What do you always forget when you’re packing for a trip ” may, for example, remind you of the time when you forgot to bring your tent on a week-long hike. And “Do you prefer making tours or seeing sites on your own ” is practically begging your sister to talk about the time she got lost on a self-guided tour through the Tuscan countryside and was rescued by a kindly old sheepherder. The game is recommended to ages 12 and up, and you can get it on Amazon for $25.
If the Destination Anywhere version doesn’t sit well with you, there are plenty of other TableTopics versions to choose from. The “Geek Pop!” edition ($22) could encourage a lively debate. “Not Your Mom’s Dinner Party” edition ($25) will keep your guests entertained with questions like “Have you ever been accompanied by security ” The “Family” edition ($25) is a great way to get silent kids to come out of their shells a little. “Would you rather know how to fly a plane, drive a race car, or rock climb ” pretty much guarantees an answer that isn’t “Yes”, “No”, or “Good”.
You can browse all the TableTopics card set on Amazon.
1、What do we know about the game Destination Anywhere
A. It is only suitable for adults to play.
B. It requires players to follow certain rules.
C. It prompts people to start talking about travel.
D. It is the cheapest of all the TableTopics card games.
2、Which of the following edition can help introverted children to talk more
A. Family B. Geek Pop!
B. C. Destination Anywhere D. Not Your Mom’s Dinner Party
3、What’s the purpose of the text
A. To show how to play the card games.
B. To give suggestions on holding parties.
C. To encourage people to go on vacation.
D. To recommend the TableTopics card set.
The waste management park at Water Beach in Cambridge-shire handles 400,000 tons of recycling every year.
Fran Hawes is standing on the edge of a mountain of dry recycling. She says, “Some think it’s a discouraging thing, but for me personally, it is a huge responsibility.” Fran, who started to do the job at the age of 26, takes her job very seriously. “I am that annoying person at a party who will get everyone’s recycling and make sure everything goes in the right bin,” she admits. “That’s my job. That’s my mission. That’s what I need to do. It allows me to find my leadership style.”
Bin loader Richard Hughes and his colleagues clock on at the waste service garage in Peter-borough at 6:30 and are out emptying bins within half an hour. Richard works four 12-hour days and admits the pay and the condition are not great—but there are three days off which he can spare to his partner and children. His colleague Crystal Teal has been working as a bin loader for two and a half months. “I didn’t feel my last job gave me self-worth and general happiness, so I decided to change and do something completely different,” she says. “I decided to be a binman. It doesn’t bother me that men are mainly doing it,” Crystal adds. “It can be smelly some days, but go home and have a shower, you’ll be all right.”
“When householders put the wrong material in the recycling bins, it makes me feel angry that they are just putting it out there. We’re doing our job to serve them. We are providing service to take their rubbish away and they can’t do their part to put the right things in,” said Richard.
“Any problem has a solution—therefore I’m not afraid of a pile of waste,” Fran says. “To any normal person, this might be intimidating (令人生畏的). It’s a challenge. But this will be gone by Monday morning.”
4、Why does Fran Hawes make others annoyed at a party
A.She asks everyone to be responsible for their jobs.
B.She still performs her task of waste sorting.
C.She hosts the party in a leadership way.
D.She might be smelly at parties.
5、Why did Crystal choose to be a bin loader
A.She needed a well-paid job. B.She preferred the three-day-off holiday.
C.It’s meaningful for her to do the job. D.All the colleagues were friendly to her.
6、What made Richard sometimes angry
A.People didn’t take out their rubbish.
B.People threw away rubbish everywhere.
C.People didn’t sort their rubbish out rightly.
D.People picked out useful things from the bins.
7、Which of the following can best describe Fran
A.Honest and determined. B.Humorous and confident.
C.Sensitive and talented. D.Responsible and optimistic.
The State of the World’s Birds—report from conservation group Bird Life is the latest critical survey that highlight the scale of the current biodiversity crisis. It says, more than half the world’s bird species are in decline, as human activities including agriculture and expansion into habitats continue to wreak havoc on bird populations.
“We have already lost over 160 bird species in the last 500 years, and the rate of extinction is accelerating,” said Lucy Haskell, who is lead author of the report. “Historically, most extinctions were on islands, but worryingly there is a growing wave of continental extinctions, driven by landscape-scale habitat loss.”
The report reviewed data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. Analysis showed that 5,412 of bird species worldwide, or 49 percent, have declining populations, while 38 percent are stable, 6 percent are increasing, and 6 percent have unknown trends. One in eight species is threatened with extinction, and also highlighted the massive scale of population loss in several well-surveyed areas.
The expansion and intensification (集约化) in agriculture is the leading threat to birds, the report said, impacting at least 73 percent of threatened species. Unsustainable logging and management of forests is another significant threat, impacting nearly half of threatened bird species.
Birds play an essential role in the health of ecosystems around the world. They are predators, pollinators, seed dispensers, and scavengers, and help to move and cycle nutrients across wide ranges. “Birds tell us about the health of our natural environment—we ignore their messages at our peril,” Lucy said.
Authors of the report said that governments must prioritize more sustainable agriculture practices and the protection of natural habitats in order to slow population decline in bird species. There are numerous examples of populations bouncing back with the help of well-coordinated conservation programs. “If we give nature a chance, it can recover,” said. But chart, who is chief scientist for Bird Life. “There is no denying that the situation is terrible, but we know how to reverse these declines.”
8、What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Gradually change. B.Sharply increase.
C.Slightly disturb. D.Seriously damage.
9、How did the report show the state of the world’s birds
A.By listing causes. B.By making comparisons.
C.By analyzing data. D.By answering questions.
10、What is the major threat to birds according to the report
A.Illegal hunting for birds. B.The development of agriculture.
C.Poor management of forests. D.The loss of landscape-scale habitats.
11、What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Birds play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity.
B.Governments have protected natural habitats greatly.
C.Conservation programs need to be updated more frequently.
D.Scientists are confident about slowing population decline of birds.
Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid (甲酸)—a stable fuel that can either be used directly or be changed into hydrogen, without requiring any additional components or electricity. The device, developed by a team from the University of Cambridge, is a significant step toward achieving artificial photosynthesis (光合作用).
Harvesting solar energy to turn carbon dioxide into fuels is a promising way to reduce carbon emissions. However, it is challenging to produce these clean fuels without unwanted by-products. “In addition, storage of gaseous fuels can be complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported,” said Professor Eisner, senior author of the study.
In 2019, researchers from Eisner’s group developed a solar reactor based on an “artificial leaf” design, which also uses sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce a fuel, known as syn-gas. The new technology is quite similar to the artificial leaf but works in a different way and produces formic acid, which can be chemically converted into different types of fuel.
The artificial leaf used components from solar-cells, while the new device doesn’t require these components and relies entirely on photo-catalysts (光催化剂) placed on a sheet. The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively. In addition, this new technology produces clean fuels that are easier to store.
“We were surprised how well it worked—it produced almost no by-products,” said Eisner. “Sometimes things don’t work as well as you expected, but this was a rare case where it actually worked better.”
The researchers are now working to further improve efficiency. Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels. “We hope this technology will pave the way toward sustainable and practical solar fuel production,” said Eisner.
12、What was a problem with artificial photosynthesis
A.It consumes too much electricity.
B.It produces too many by-products.
C.The energy it produces is not easy to store.
D.The energy it produces cannot be used directly.
13、What advantage does the new device have over the artificial leaf
A.It is more environment-friendly.
B.It is lighter and easier to carry.
C.It is more economical and efficient.
D.It uses less energy-demanding solar cells.
14、What do the researchers focus on doing now
A.Trying out new catalysts. B.Making full use of by-products.
C.Exploring other sustainable fuels. D.Mass-producing their new device.
15、What can be the best title for the text
A.The prospect of artificial photosynthesis
B.A new device for artificial photosynthesis
C.Opportunities and challenges of photo-catalysts
D.Artificial leaf: great progress on making clean energy
二、七选五
16、 Working on ships is not an easy task and dissatisfaction and deactivation can easily be developed among seafarers as a result of various kinds of stresses. ①_____ Therefore, captain should take additional steps as mentioned below to ensure that all team members are comfortable with each other both on and off work.
The morning meeting, which is conducted to assign work to team members, is the best time to get all the crew members together. It is necessary that crew members talk to each other during such meetings. ②_____ This activity gives members a sense of responsibility and importance. It also works a great deal in improving their performance and interpersonal relationship.
On-board training program is yet another important opportunity to get crew members together to instruct important working knowledge or conduct safety committee meetings. ③_____ Spend free time together. It is often seen that post working hours, officers and crew members spend time in their own rooms instead of getting together in offices or crew lounge. Watching movies and playing games in free time is a solid way to know each other and build great relationships both on and off work.
④_____ Party is a great method to bond people together and improve scarred relationships on board ships. However, it is necessary that they are arranged in such a way that maximum crew is able to participate. Festival celebrations are also a great way to enhance interpersonal relationships between people onboard.
The above-mentioned methods are some of the main ones that are used onboard to strengthen relationships on board ships. ⑤_____ And it would also improve productivity and employment satisfaction.
A.During such situation, it is up to captain.
B.A “one-man-show” cannot run the whole ship.
C.Everyone likes to party and unwind once in a while.
D.Each member should be given a chance to provide suggestions.
E.Doing this would ensure smooth and safe operations of the ship.
F.Captain should arrange the training for maximum crew members to participate.
G.This is the most important step towards developing interpersonal relationship on board ships.
三、完形填空（15空）
This happened when I was 11. On Mother’s Day, I made a Bundt cake and 1 slices of it away. Many moms began asking me to bake them cakes straight away.
I’m interested in baking and 2 watching baking shows. So when I heard about their 3 , I realized I could just 4 it. Then I started my cake business.
5 , the cakes would fall apart. So not every cake was perfectly baked the first time I 6 . But I knew that it was OK to make 7 and that you just kept going until it was right. Success came after many failures. Now I’m a (an) 8 baker. I’d let my Bundt cakes cook for less than an hour before my dad would take them out of the oven and give them to me. I offer 9 like cream cheese, lemon and chocolate, and I will do special cakes on 10 , too.
So far I have sold nearly 300 cakes. I donated some money I 11 to a charity, so that I could provide 12 for some families.
My friends have said that I am a great entrepreneur. I am glad that I have been able to do my business during the pandemic. I was 13 before this, and this has 14 me to do something meaningful 15 just sitting down and watching TV.
17、A.brought B.threw C.gave D.moved
18、A.favor B.suggest C.consider D.finish
19、A.ambition B.kindness C.wisdom D.demand
20、A.apply for B.go for C.account for D.prepare for
21、A.Gradually B.Regularly C.Originally D.Suddenly
22、A.learned B.received C.submitted D.tried
23、A.mistakes B.complaints C.efforts D.predictions
24、A.curious B.advanced C.intelligent D.skilled
25、A.discounts B.collections C.selections D.meals
26、A.request B.purpose C.hand D.average
27、A.appreciated B.withdrew C.earned D.raised
28、A.relief B.courage
C.surprise D.accommodation
29、A.shocked B.bored C.satisfied D.embarrassed
30、A.persuaded B.promised C.appointed D.enabled
31、A.regardless of B.instead of
C.in addition to D.by comparison with
四、语法填空
32、 Sanfutie, or Sanfu medicinal patch, is a bandage with traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believe that ①_____(receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is an effective way ②_____(prevent) and treat diseases occurring or being worse in winter, such as coughs, asthma and arthritis.
The treatment is based on the TCM principle of yin and yang, ③_____ believes the balance of both elements in the body ④_____(be) vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbal ⑤_____(extract) that are “hot” in nature, and when ⑥_____(apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the lack and neck, they replenish (补充) the yang elements.
These patches ⑦_____(use) in TCM since the earliest recorded times of Chinese history, as it is found in the Huangdi Neijing (The Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor), ⑧_____ must-learn textbook for TCM practitioners, compiled at least 2,000 years ago. Sanfutie treatment became ⑨_____(extreme) popular in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and has enjoyed a revival in recent years as more patients turn ⑩_____ TCM treatment.
五、书面表达
33、假如你是李华，在英国做交换生时曾患病住院，寄宿家庭房东Eric给予你悉心照料，并经常辅导你功课。你现已回国，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾帮助；
3. 邀请来中国游玩。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Eric,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Beautiful Group Painting
The art class was over in a blink of an eye. When the recess bell (下课铃) rang, Lisa sighed. At her old school, she used to play with her friends. Now she sat in the corner of the field and watched the other kids play without her.
As she cleared her table, Lisa noticed a box of chalk by the window. She put it in her pockets. Then she took her usual place at the end of the recess line.
As she and her classmates walked down the hall and out into the yard, Lisa remembered how she and her mother used to draw chalk designs on the long driveway leading to the old apartment. The patterns were called rangoli (印度传统地画), and they looked like stars and roses. Lisa’s mother said that the drawings were to welcome guests to their home. Lisa missed the early mornings she and her mother would spend drawing those colorful patterns.
Lisa walked to the basketball court and sat on the sidewalk. She took chalk out of her pocket and began to draw her favorite rangoli pattern. She drew flowers with huge petals (花瓣) and stars with eight points.
“That’s pretty,” a voice said. She turned around and saw that Eric, a boy in her class, was watching her.
“It’s called rangoli,” she said.
“The floor of my grandmother’s house has patterns like that,” Eric said.
“What do you mean ” Lisa asked. “Hand me a piece of chalk,” Eric said. Eric sat down on the pavement and began to draw. He drew flowers that were more detailed than Lisa’s, but still had huge petals. Then he drew circles inside circles, and surrounded them with small diamonds. Lisa kept drawing too.
“What are you guys doing ” a voice asked. Lisa and Eric had been so absorbed in drawing that they hadn’t noticed that their classmate Emma had been watching them.
“Hey,” Emma said, sitting down beside them, “that looks like the rugs (小地毯) in my uncle’s house. Except on the rugs, the shapes are bigger, and aren’t as curly (卷曲的).”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
“Show us,” said Eric, handing Emma a piece of chalk.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Having heard the teacher’s praise, many students gathered around.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“135 cards printed with conversation starters that all relate to travel”可知Destination Anywhere这个游戏会启发人们开始谈论有关旅行的话题。故选C。
2、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The ‘Family’ edition ($25) is a great way to get silent kids to come out of their shells a little.”可知“Family”这个游戏可以帮助沉默寡言的孩子多说话。故选A。
3、答案：D
解析：目的意图题。本文介绍了TableTopics系列产品的相关信息,最后一段还提供了销售渠道,故其目的在于向人们推荐TableTopics的系列产品。故选D。
4、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"I am that annoying person at a party who will get everyone's recycling and make sure everything goes in the right bin," she admits. "That's my job. That's my mission. That's what I need to do. It allows me to find my leadership style."(她承认: "我是聚会上那个讨厌的人,会把每个人的垃圾都收起来,并确保所有东西都放在正确的垃圾桶里。这是我的工作。这就是我的使命。这就是我需要做的。它让我找到了自己的领导风格。")可知,在聚会时,Fran会收起每个人的垃圾,并做好垃圾分类的工作,这让聚会中的人感到不舒服。故选B项。
5、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"I didn't feel my last job gave me self-worth and general happiness, so I decided to change and do something completely different," she says. "I decided to be a binman. It doesn't bother met hat men are mainly doing it," Crystal adds.("我觉得上一份工作并没有给我带来自我价值和快乐,所以我决定改变,做一些完全不同的事情。"她说, "我决定当一名清洁工。主要是男性在做这件事,我并不介意这一点,"克里斯托补充道。)可知,Crystal认为自己的上一份工作没有让她感受到快乐和自我价值的实现,而离职后她选择当一个垃圾倾倒工,可推知,这是一份能使她感受到自我价值和快乐的工作,对她来说,这是一份有意义的工作。故选C项。
6、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"When householders put the wrong material in there cycling bins, it makes me feel angry that they are just putting it out there. We're doing our job to serve them. We are providing service to take their rubbish away and they can't do their part to put the right things in," said Richard.("当住户们把错误的材料放入回收箱时,我感到愤怒,因为他们只是把它放在那里。我们在尽我们的职责为他们服务。我们提供服务把他们的垃圾运走,而他们却不能尽自己的一份力把正确的东西放进去。"理查德说道。)可知,住户们不把垃圾正确地分类,放在正确的地方,这让Richard很生气。故选C项。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段She says, "Some think it's a discouraging thing, but for me personally, it is a huge responsibility." Fran, who started to do the job at the age of 26, takes her job very seriously.(她说: "有些人认为这是一件令人沮丧的事情,但对我个人来说,这是一项巨大的责任。"弗兰从26岁开始做这份工作,她非常认真地对待她的工作。)可知,Fran对工作很负责;根据最后一段“Any problem has a solution—therefore I’m not afraid of a pile of waste,” Fran says. “To any normal person, this might be intimidating (令人生畏的). It’s a challenge. But this will be gone by Monday morning.”("任何问题都有解决的办法,所以我不怕一堆垃圾。"Fran说,"对于任何一个正常人来说,这可能令人生畏。这是一个挑战。但到周一早上就会没了。")可知,尽管垃圾很多,但Fran对于这个挑战能很乐观地面对。故选D项。
8、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词组所在的句子It says, more than half the world's bird species are in decline, as human activities including agriculture and expansion into habitats continue to wreak havoc on bird populations.(报告称,由于包括农业和栖息地扩张在内的人类活动继续对鸟类种群造成严重破坏,世界上一半以上的鸟类物种正在减少。)及第二段We have already lost over 160 bird species in the last 500 years, and the rate of extinction is accelerating(在过去的500年里,我们已经失去了160多种鸟类,灭绝的速度正在加快)可知,农业和向栖息地扩张的人类活动继续对鸟类种群造成严重破坏。由此推知,划线词组wreak havoc on与seriously damag(严重损坏)意义接近。A.Gradually change.逐渐改变;B.Sharply increase.急剧增加;C.Slightly disturb.轻微打扰;D.Seriously damage.严重破坏。故选D项。
9、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Analysis showed that 5,412 of bird species worldwide, or 49 percent, have declining populations, while 38 percent are stable,6 percent are increasing, and 6 percent have unknown trends. One in eight species is threatened with extinction, and also highlighted the massive scale of population loss in several well-surveyed areas.(分析显示,全球5412种鸟类(即49%)的种群数量在下降,38%的种群数量稳定,6%的种群数量正在增加,6%的鸟类数量呈未知趋势。每八个物种中就有一个面临灭绝的威胁,这也突显了在几个调查良好的地区,人口的大规模流失)可推知,该报告通过分析数据显示了世界鸟类的状况。故选C项。
10、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段The expansion and intensification (集约化) in agriculture is the leading threat to birds, the report said, impacting at least 73 percent of threatened species.(报告称,农业的扩张和集约化是鸟类面临的主要威胁,至少影响了73%的受威胁物种)可知,根据报告,鸟类面临的主要威胁是农业的发展。故选B项。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"If we give nature a chance, it can recover," said But chart, who is chief scientist for Bird Life. "There is no denying that the situation is terrible, but we know how to reverse these declines."("如果我们给大自然一个机会,它可以恢复,"鸟类生命的首席科学家布特·查特说。"无可否认,情况很糟糕,但我们知道如何扭转这种下滑。")可知,从最后一段可以推断出科学家们对减缓鸟类数量的下降充满信心。故选D项。
12、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In addition, storage of gaseous fuels can be complicated—we want to get to the point where we can cleanly produce a liquid fuel that can also be easily stored and transported(此外,气体燃料的储存可能很复杂 我们希望达到这样一种程度,即我们可以清洁地生产出一种液体燃料,同时也可以方便地储存和运输)”可知,人工光合作用的一个问题就是产生的气态燃料不易储存。故选C。
13、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The artificial leaf used components from solar-cells, while the new device doesn't require these components and relies entirely on photo-catalysts (光催化剂) placed on a sheet. The sheets are made up of semiconductor powders, which can be prepared in large quantities easily and cost-effectively. In addition, this new technology produces clean fuels that are easier to store.(人造叶子使用了太阳能电池的组件,而新设备不需要这些组件,完全依赖于放置在薄片上的光催化剂。该薄片由半导体粉末组成,可以轻松且经济有效地大量制备。此外,这项新技术还能生产更容易储存的清洁燃料)”可知,与人造叶子相比,新设备既经济又高效。故选C。
14、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts to get different solar fuels.(此外,他们正在探索其他催化剂以获得不同的太阳能燃料)”可知,研究人员现在专注于试验新的催化剂。故选A。
15、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers have developed a device that turns sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid(甲酸)—a stable fuel that can either be used directly or be changed into hydrogen, without requiring any additional components or electricity. The device, developed by a team from the University of Cambridge, is a significant step toward achieving artificial photosynthesis(光合作用).(研究人员开发了一种装置,可以将阳光、二氧化碳和水转化为氧气和甲酸—一种既可以直接使用也可以转化为氢气的稳定燃料,而不需要任何额外的组件或电力。该装置由剑桥大学的一个团队开发,是实现人工光合作用的重要一步)”可知,文章主要介绍了研究人员发明的一种可用于人工光合作用的新设备。由此可知,B.A new device for artificial photosynthesis(人工光合作用的新装置)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
16、答案：ADFCE
解析：①上文“Working on ships is not an easy task and dissatisfaction and demotivation can easily be developed among seafarers as a result of various kinds of stresses.(在船上工作并非易事,由于各种压力,海员很容易产生不满和消极情绪。)”中的during such situation指的是上文船员的情况。根据下文“Therefore, captain should take additional steps...(因此,船长应该采取额外的步骤……)”可知,船员产生的这种状况,归根结底是由船长负责的。A选项“During such situation, it is up to captain.(在这种情况下,该由船长负责。)”引出下文,符合题意。故选A项。
②由上文“It is necessary that crew members talk to each other during such meetings.(在此类会议期间,全体船员有必要相互交谈。)”可知,全体船员都要相互交谈。由此推知,通过这种方式,他们就可以有机会提出自己的建议。D选项“Each member should be given a chance to provide suggestions.(每个成员都应该有机会提出建议。)”符合题意。故选D项。
③由上文“On-board training program is yet another important opportunity to get crew members together to instruct important working knowledge or conduct safety committee meetings.(船上培训计划是另一个重要的机会,让机组人员聚在一起指导重要的工作知识或举行安全委员会会议。)”可知,船上的船员应该参加船长安排的训练,F选项“Captain should arrange the training for maximum crew members to participate.(船长应安排训练以使最多的船员能够参加。)”切题。故选F项。
④本空在段首,是主旨句。根据下文“Party is a great method to bond people together and improve scarred relationships onboard ships.(聚会是将人们联系在一起并改善船上伤痕累累的关系的好方法。)”可知,本段以聚会和节日庆祝为例说明在船上偶尔聚会和放松一下也可以确保所有的团队成员能和睦相处,C选项“Everyone likes to party and unwind once in a while.(每个人都喜欢偶尔聚会和放松一下。”切题。故选C项。
⑤由上文“The above-mentioned methods are some of the main ones that are used onboard to strengthen relationships on board ships.(上述方法是船上用于加强船上关系的一些主要方法。)”和下文“And it would also improve productivity and employment satisfaction.(它还将提高生产力和就业满意度。)”可知,E选项“Doing this would ensure smooth and safe operations of the ship.(这样做可以确保船舶的平稳和安全运行。)”承接上文,点明这些方法益处的一方面。同时与下文构成并列关系,引出这些方法益处的另一方面。故选E项。
17、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:母亲节那天,我做了一个蛋糕,把它切成几片送人。A.brought带来;B.threw扔掉;C.gave给,送给;D.moved移动。根据后文“Many moms began asking me to bake them cakes straight away.”可知,作者把蛋糕切成片分发给其他妈妈们。故选C项。
18、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我对烘焙很感兴趣,喜欢看烘焙节目。A.favor赞成,喜爱;B.suggest建议;C.consider考虑;D.finish完成。根据前文“I'm interested in baking”可知,作者喜爱烘焙节目。故选A项。
19、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以当我听到她们的需求时,我意识到我可以放手去做。A.ambition雄心;B.kindness善良;C.wisdom智慧;D.demand需要,需求。根据前文“Many moms began asking me to bake them cakes straightaway.”可知,许多妈妈有需求。故选D项。
20、答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:所以当我听到他们的需求时,我意识到我可以放手去做。A.apply for申请;B.go for为……而去,争取得到;C.account for对……负责任;D.prepare for为……作准备。根据前文"when I heard about their 3 "及后文"Then I started my cake business."可知,作者为此放手去做。故选B项。
21、答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:最初,蛋糕会散架。A.Gradually逐渐地;B.Regularly有规律地;C.Originally最初;D.Suddenly突然。根据后文“the cakes would fall apart”及“the first time”可知,初做蛋糕,经验不足,蛋糕会散架的。故选C项。
22、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以我第一次尝试的时候,并不是每个蛋糕都烤得很完美。A.learned学习;B.received收到;C.submitted提交;D.tried尝试。根据语境和前文“not every cake was perfectly baked”及“the first time”可知,作者是第一次尝试,并不完美。故选D项。
23、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但我知道犯错误是不要紧的,你只要坚持下去,直到正确为止。A.mistakes错误;B.complaints抱怨;C.efforts努力;D.predictions预言。根据前文“not every cake was perfectly baked”及后文“Success came after many failures.”可知,作者知道失败是成功之母,起初的错误不要紧。故选A项。
24、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在我是一名熟练的面包师。A.curious好奇的;B.advanced先进的;C.intelligent智能的;D.skilled熟练的。根据前文“Success came after many failures.”及后文“I'd let my Bundt cakes cook for less than an hour before my dad would take them out of the oven and give them to me.”可知,经过多次失败之后,作者成功地成为一名熟练的面包师。故选D项。
25、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有奶油乳酪、柠檬和巧克力等可供选择,还会按客人要求做特别的蛋糕。A.discounts折扣;B.collections收藏;C.selections选择;D.meals饭餐。根据后文“like cream cheese, lemon and chocolate”可知,有这些材料可供选择。故选C项。
26、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我有奶油乳酪、柠檬和巧克力等可供选择,还会按客人要求做特别的蛋糕。A.request请求,要求;B.purpose目的;C.hand手;D.average平均。根据常识和前文“I offer 9 like cream cheese, lemon and chocolate”可知,作者可以根据客户要求做各种特制的蛋糕。故选A项。
27、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我把我挣的一些钱捐给了慈善机构,这样我就可以为一些家庭提供救济。A.appreciated赞赏;B.withdrew撤回;C.earned挣得;D.raised提高。根据前文“So far I have sold nearly 300 cakes”可知,作者挣了一些钱。故选C项。
28、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我把我挣的一些钱捐给了慈善机构,这样我就可以为一些家庭提供救济。A.relief宽慰,救济;B.courage勇气;C.surprise惊讶;D.accommodation住处。根据前文“I donated some money I 11 to a charity”可知,作者为一些家庭提供了救助。故选A项。
29、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在这之前我很无聊,这让我可以做一些有意义的事情,而不是只是坐着看电视。A.shocked震惊的;B.bored厌烦的,无聊的;C.satisfied满意的;D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“just sitting down and watching TV”可知,作者在开始蛋糕生意以前,是非常无聊的。故选B项。
30、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:在这之前我很无聊,这让我可以做一些有意义的事情,而不是只是坐着看电视。A.persuaded说服;B.promised许诺;C.appointed任命,指定;D. enabled使能够。根据后文“do something meaningful”可知,作者的蛋糕生意让作者可以做一些有意义的事情。故选D项。
31、答案：B
解析：考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:在这之前我很无聊,这让我可以做一些有意义的事情,而不是只是坐着看电视。A.regardless of不管;B.instead of而不是;C.in addition to除……以外;D.by comparison with与……相比。根据前文“do something meaningful”及后文“just sitting down and watching TV”可知,蛋糕生意可以让作者做一些有意义的事情,而不是坐下来看电视。故选B项。
32、答案：①receiving②to prevent③which④is⑤extracts⑥applied⑦have been used⑧a⑨extremely⑩to
解析：①考查动名词。句意:中医从业者认为,在最热的夏天服用三伏贴是预防和治疗中国咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎等冬季疾病的有效方法。此处为非谓语动词中的动名词receiving在句中作主语。故填receiving。
②考查动词不定式。句意:中医从业者认为,在最热的夏天服用三伏贴是预防和治疗中国咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎等冬季疾病的有效方法。way后通常用动词不定式作定语。故填to prevent。
③考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这种疗法基于中医的阴阳原理,认为体内两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the TCM principle of yin and yang,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
④考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这种疗法基于中医的阴阳原理,认为体内两种元素的平衡对身体健康至关重要。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词,主语是the balance,故谓语动词用单数,结合上下文时态可知,此处为一般现在时。故填is。
⑤考查可数名词的复数。句意:三伏贴含有一种草药成分的膏状成分,本质上是"热"的,当应用于特定的穴位时,通常是在背部、肩部和颈部,它们可以补充阳气。ingredient在that引导的定语从句中作主语成分,因从句谓语动词为are,所以此处为名词复数形式。故填ingredients。
⑥考查状语从句的省略。句意:三伏贴含有一种草药成分的膏状成分,本质上是"热"的,当应用于特定的穴位时,通常是在背部、肩部和颈部,它们可以补充阳气。此处为when引导时间状语从句的省略用法,完整的从句为when they are applied,此处省略了和主句相同的主语和are。故填applied。
⑦考查动词时态语态。句意:根据至少2000年前编撰的中医必读教材《黄帝内经》的记载,早在有记载的最早时期,中医就开始使用这些贴片了。根据空后的since...时间状语可知,该空动词要使用现在完成时,patches(复数名词)和use为被动关系,所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故填have been used。
⑧考查冠词。句意:根据至少2000年前编撰的中医必读教材《黄帝内经》的记载,早在有记载的最早时期,中医就开始使用这些贴片了。根据句意以及空后的单数名词textbook可知,此处为泛指"必学的一本书",结合must为首音节辅音单词。故填a。
⑨考查副词。句意:三伏贴疗法在清朝(1644-1911年)极为流行,近年来随着越来越多的患者转向中医治疗,三伏贴疗法又重新流行起来。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词extremely修饰形容词popular。故填extremely。
⑩考查动词短语。句意:三伏贴疗法在清朝(1644-1911年)极为流行,近年来随着越来越多的患者转向中医治疗,三伏贴疗法又重新流行起来。此处为动词短语turn to"转向",满足句意要求。故填to。
33、答案：
Dear Eric,
I've returned to China, and your kindness has always warmed me. So I'm writing to express my gratitude to you for your great help with my exchange program.
What impressed me most was what you did for me when I was in hospital. In my life, you attended to me like my parents, which soon eased my anxiety and made me feel at home. In my study, you patiently tutored me. Without you, I couldn't have made great progress in my courses.
Many thanks again. I do hope you will come to China to have a nice trip where you can witness the perfect combination of culture and nature in person.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给寄宿家庭房东Eric写一封电子邮件，表示对他给予你的照顾的感谢。
1.词汇积累
感谢：gratitude→thanks
照顾：attend to→ look after
减轻：ease→lighten
旅行：trip→ journey
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Without you, I couldn't have made great progress in my courses.
拓展句：If you had not helped me, I couldn't have made great progress in my courses.
【高分句型1】What impressed me most was what you did for me when I was in hospital.(运用了what引导的主语从句，what引导的表语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】In my life, you attended to me like my parents, which soon eased my anxiety and made me feel at home.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
34、答案：
“Show us,” said Eric, handing Emma a piece of chalk. Emma took the chalk and began drawing. She drew shapes that were full of straight lines and bright colors. They were bigger than the shapes Lisa and Eric had drawn, covering each other to form new shapes. She colored the drawings purple, blue, and white. “Wow!” The art teacher showed up at some point and said, “It’s a nice drawing.” The three students stood up and looked at their masterpiece, their heart swelling with pride.
Having heard the teacher’s praise, many students gathered around. They expressed their views on the drawings freely. Some said it looked like a universe, with many planets and stars. Some said it looked like a coral reef full of tropical fish. Some said it looked like a welcoming home. After listening to the students’ comments, the teacher said, “You are all right. But if you ask me, it is a beautiful group painting!” As soon as the teacher finished speaking, the other students joined in the painting.
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