2023年中考英语总复习--形容词副词知识讲解和巩固练习（含答案）

中考英语总复习--形容词和副词
常见分类
频度副词
always总是 usually通常地 often时常，常常 sometimes有时
seldom很少 hardly几乎不 never从来不 ever曾经
疑问副词
why为什么 where在哪里 when 何时 how 怎样，怎么
连接副词
also也 besides此外，而且 however然而 instead 而不是，代替
moreover而且 otherwise否则 therefore因此 then 于是，那么
程度副词
only仅仅 quite相当，十分 almost差不多 even甚至
rather相当 enough足够 much在很大程度上 so 如此 hardly几乎不 very 非常
时间副词
now现在 soon很快 then 然后 once 曾经，以前
today在今天 still仍然 tomorrow在明天 yesterday 在昨天
early早地 ago以前 before在……之前 already 已经
late晚，迟 just now刚才 from now on从现在起 after在……之后 地点副词
here在这儿 there 在那儿 outside在外面
inside在里面 upstairs在楼上 downstairs在楼下
anywhere在任何地方 everywhere 在每个地方 there 在那儿
home在家里 away 在远处 here and there到处，处处
over there在那里 here and there 到处，处处 here 在这儿
outside在外面 inside 在里面 upstairs在楼上
downstairs在楼下 anywhere在任何地方 everywhere在每个地方
home在家里 away 在远处 over there 在那里
常见考点
同级比较：
①“A＋be/动词＋as＋原级＋as＋B”，意为“A与B一样……”，表示相同或相等。
ex: My brother is as serious as my sister. They both like to study.
“A＋be/动词＋not so/as＋原级＋as＋B”，意为“A不及B……”，表示不如或不相等。
ex: I can’t run as fast as my brother.
② “A＋be/动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B”，表示“A是B的……倍……”
ex: Our school is twice as large as theirs.
比较级（范围=2）
句型结构：
①主语A+谓语动词+比较级+than+比较对象B；(前后比较对象一定要属于同类)
主语A+谓语动词+名词+than+比较对象B.
ex: She is more beautiful than I/me.
ex: She has longer hair tha I (do) /me.
ex: She runs faster than I (do)/ me.
② “the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”表示“越……，越……”。
ex: The more you read，the more you know.
③ “比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。
ex: Our city is more and more beautiful.我们的城市越来越漂亮了。
④主语A+be +the+比较级+of the two (名词).
ex: She is the taller of the two.
⑤“A＋be/动词＋less＋多音节词原级＋than＋B”，表示“A不及B……”
ex: The film was less interesting than the book.
⑥“Which/Who＋be＋比较级，A or B？”句型表示两者之间进行比较
ex: Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth
⑦“倍数＋比较级＋than”结构表示“几倍于……”
ex: The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
⑧修饰比较级可用much，a lot，a little，a bit, even，far等。
b. 比较级构成：
单音节：（规律）
①一般情况：形容词比较级在词尾加er
②以字母e结尾的形容词，比较级在词尾加r
③以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加er
④以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，先将y变i， 再加er
多音节/双音节：（规律）
多音节和部分双音节形容词，在其前加more 构成比较级
不规则变化
good/well→ better many/much →more
ill/bad/badly→worse little →less
最高级（范围>2）
a.句型结构：
①“主语＋be＋the＋形容词最高级＋in/of＋范围”表示“在某范围内最……”。
ex:She is the most beautiful girl in our class.
②“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”。
ex: Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world？
③“the＋序数词(除了first)＋形容词最高级＋可数名词单数”表示“第几(大，长等)……”。
ex: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二长河。
④“Which/Who＋be/动词＋the＋最高级，A, B or C？”表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中选择。
ex: Who jumps highest, Tom, Kate or Bill
⑤“A＋be＋the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋可数名词单数＋范围”表示“第几最……”
ex: She is the second tallest girl in our class.
⑥形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不用再加定冠词the。
ex: She is my best friend.
b.最高级构成：
单音节：（规律）
①一般情况：形容词比较级在词尾加est
②以字母e结尾的形容词，比较级在词尾加 st
③辅元辅结尾的单词，双写辅音字母，再加est。
④以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，先将y变i， 再加est。
多音节/双音节：（规律）
多音节和部分双音节形容词，在其前加most构成最高级
部分不规则:
good/well→best many/much → most
ill/bad/badlyworst little →least
词性转换
a.如何判断空格处使用名词
(1)所有格＋名词
ex: Linda's carelessness (careless) led to the failure of the project.
(2)在固定搭配中.
ex: All of us can make a big difference (different) to our environment if we can play a part in protecting it.
(3)形容词/形容词短语＋名词。
ex: Walking on the moon has been a great success(successful) for all human beings in exploring the space.
词性转换
形容词与副词的转化
(1)一般形容词，词尾直接加 ly，如：
complete→completely quiet→quietly
(2)以“辅音字母＋ y”结尾的，变y为i再加 ly
lucky→luckily　　　　　 happy→happily
(3)以“辅音字母＋ e”结尾的，直接加 ly，如：
polite→politely wide→widely
(4)以“辅音字母＋ le”结尾的，去e加 y，如：
terrible→terribly possible→possibly
(5)以“元音字母＋ e”结尾的，去e加 ly，如：
true→truly
(6)形容词与副词同形的词：daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early等
【注意】
(1)有些以 ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：lovely, lively, friendly, lonely。
(2)有些副词有两种形式，一种与形容词相同，另一种是在形容词后加ly，意义有区别。
close adj./adv.靠近 closely adv.密切地 high adj./adv.高
highly adv.高度地 free adj./adv.免费的(地) freely adv.自由地
late adj./adv.晚，迟 lately adv.近来
b.形容词与名词的转换
(1)adj.＋ ness
happy→happiness blind→blindness
(2)adj.(去t)＋ ce
different→difference important→importance
(3)adj.(去e)＋ ity/y
active→activity difficult→difficulty
(4)adj.＋ er/ r
foreign→foreigner strange→stranger
(5)其他
basic→basis　　 dead→death　　　　 free→freedom
high→height medical→medicine true→truth
常见固定搭配
1. 与of搭配
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪 be true of 对……也一样/适用
be full of 充满 　 be afraid of 害怕
be careful of 对……小心 be short of 缺少；缺乏
be sure of 对……有把握 be tired of 对……感到厌倦
2. 与for搭配
be thirsty for渴望；渴求 be bad/good for对……有坏/好处
be famous/known for因……而著名 be late for迟到
be sorry for对……感到抱歉/遗憾 be suitable/fit for适合……
be thankful for因……而感激 be responsible for对……有责任/负责任
3. 与with搭配
be angry with生某人的气 be born with天生具有
be busy with忙于…… be filled with充满；装满
be good with和……相处得好 be patient with对……有耐心
be pleased with对……感到满意 be strict with对……严格要求
be popular with受……欢迎 be satisfied with对……感到满意
4. 与at搭配
be good at擅长于…… be mad at对……生气
be surprised at对……感到惊讶
5. 与about搭配
be careful about对……小心 be certain/sure about对……有把握
be crazy about对……着迷 be serious about对……是认真的
be excited about对……感到兴奋 be worried about对……感到担心
6. 与to搭配
be able to能够(做某事) be close to接近于
be friendly to对……友好 be good/kind/nice to对……好
be harmful to对……有害 be polite to对……有礼貌
be ready to准备好(做某事) be similar to与……相像/类似
be thankful to对(某人)心存感激 be used to习惯于……；适应于……
be useful to对……有用
7. 与from搭配
be absent from缺席；不在
be different from与……不同；与……有差异
be far from远离……
8. 与in搭配
be interested in对……感兴趣
be weak in在……方面薄弱
9. 常见的系动词与副词构成的固定搭配有：
be away离开 be back回来
be down倒地；下楼 be off离开
be out在外 be over结束
be up到了；结束了；起床
【巩固练习】
1.The flying squirrel might be one of __________ animals you could meet during the trip.
A. strange B. stranger C. strangest D. the strangest
【答案】D
【解析】句意：飞鼠可能是你在旅途中遇到的最奇怪的动物之一。考查形容词最高级辨析。one of其中之一，后面的形容词需用最高级，可排除AB两项。stranger（奇怪的）的最高级是不规则变化，需用most；根据句意语境，可知选D。
2.Could you speak in a loud voice so that I can hear you _______________
A. quickly B. happily C. slowly D. clearly
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你能大声点说话吗，这样我就能听清楚了 考查副词辨析。A. quickly迅速地；B. happily高兴地；C. slowly 缓慢地；D. clearly清晰地。so that以至于，表目的；根据Could you speak in a loud voice可知clearly符合句意，故选D。
3.LeBron James is one of ___________ players in the NBA. He is my hero.
A. better B. the best C. worse D. the worst
【答案】B
【解析】句意：勒布朗·詹姆斯是NBA最好的球员之一。他是我的英雄。考查最高级辨析。one of其中之一，用于最高级，可排除AC两项。B. 最好的；D. 最差的。根据He is my hero.可知选B。
4.To make rivers ______ than before, everybody is supposed to protect them.
A. dirty B. dirtier C. clean D. cleaner
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了使河流比以前更清洁，每个人都应该保护它们。A. dirty脏的；B. dirtier更脏的；C. clean干净的；D. cleaner更干净的。根据than判断，这是一个比较级的句子，排除A,C；根据“everybody is supposed to protect them.”可知，保护河流的目的是让它们更清洁干净，故答案为D。
5.--Who sings __________in your class
--Li Jing does.
A. most beautifully B. most beautiful C. more beautifully D. more beautiful
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——在你的班里谁唱得是最好的？——李静唱得最好。A. most beautifully最好听；副词最高级；B. most beautiful最好听，形容词最高级；C. more beautifully更好听，副词词比较级；D. more beautiful更好听，形容词比较级。根据in your class可知这里知范围，用最高级，排除CD。这里是副词修饰动词，用beautifully的最高级，排除B。根据题意，故选A。
6.The living room becomes ____________as the sunlight comes in through the windows.
A. bigger B. cleaner C. quieter D. brighter
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当阳光透过窗户照进来时，客厅变得更加明亮。考查形容词的比较级。A. bigger更大的；B. cleaner更干净的；C. quieter更安静的；D. brighter更明亮的。根据as the sunlight comes in through the windows.可知，当阳光透过窗户照进来的时候，客厅会变得更加明亮，故答案选D。
7.The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macau Bridge, the world’s ______crosss—sea bridge, won another international prize in December, 2019
A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
【答案】C
【解析】句意：香港-珠海-澳门大桥是世界上最长的跨海大桥，于2018年12月赢得了另一项国际大奖。long长的；longer更长的；longest最长的。在世界上属于最高级的比较范围，形容词的最高级的前面已有world’s来修饰，不能再用定冠词the，故答案为C。
8.—There will be no winner in the trade war between China and the US.
—I agree. If we can't avoid it, the relationship will get ________as time goes on.
A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——中美贸易战没有赢家。——我同意。如果我们不能避免，随着时间的推移，关系会变得更糟。考查形容词比较级辨析。get是表变化系动词，后接形容词，可排除副词badly。本句是if条件句，根据as time goes on可知“关系会变得更糟”符合语境，worse更坏的，形容词bad的比较级，故选C。
9.--Paul, do you prefer weekdays or weekends
--Weekdays, of course. I’m ________ on weekends.
A. busy B. much busier C. more busier D. the busiest
【答案】B
【解析】句意：-Paul，你更喜欢工作日还是周末？-当然是工作日了，我在周末更忙。busy忙碌的；much busier更忙，比较级；more busier形式错误，more后不能再跟比较级形式；the busiest最忙，最高级。根据对话的意思可知，这里是把工作日与周末进行对比，应用比较级，故选B。
10.--Roy never likes junk food.
--Neither do I. That's probably why I'm becoming ____________ now.
A. healthy and healthy B. more and more healthily
C. weaker and weaker D. healthier and healthier
【答案】D
【解析】句意：----罗伊一直不喜欢吃垃圾食品。----我也不喜欢。这可能就是我现在变得越来越健康的原因。考查形容词比较级。比较级+and+比较级：越来越…，more and more healthily越来越健康，副词的比较级；healthier and healthier：越来越健康，形容词的比较级；weaker and weaker越来越弱，形容词的比较级。根据上文“我也不喜欢吃垃圾食品”可知“我现在变得越来越健康”；become：变得，系动词，后面跟形容词做表语，故填healthier and healthier；选D。
11.Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is _______ than her brother.
A. patient B. more patient
C. most patient D. the most patient
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Julie把家里的狗照顾得很好，她比她的弟弟更有耐心。patient耐心的，形容词；more patient更有耐心的；most patient最有耐心的；the most patient最有耐心的，最高级。根据句意和空后的than可知，这里应用形容词的比较级，故选B。
12.--Mum, could you buy me a dress like this, please
--Of course. We can buy ________ one than this, but _______ it.
A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as
C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; not as good as
【答案】C
【解析】句意“-妈妈，请你给我买一个像这样的连衣裙，好吗？-当然，我们能买一个比这个更便宜的，但是和它一样好的连衣裙”。A：我们可以买一个比这个更好的，但是比它更好的，语义不通；B.我们可以买一个比这个更糟糕的，但是和它一样好的，语义不通；D.我们可以买一个比这个更重要的，但是没有它好的，语义不通；应该是比这个便宜，但是和它一样好的，故选C。
13.)Lin Tao, a student of Grade 9, is ________ boy in our school.
A. tall B. taller C. the tallest
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词比较等级用法。句意：林涛，一位九年级学生，是我们学校最高的男生。A. tall高的；B. taller更高的；C. the tallest最高的。根据后面的比较范围in our school在我们学校，可知用最高级the tallest，故选C。
14.Fishing is one of ____ activities among the middle-aged people.
A. popular B. more popular
C. most popular D. the most popular
【答案】D
【解析】句意：钓鱼是最受中年人欢迎的活动之一。popular受欢迎的； more popular比较受欢迎；the most popular最受欢迎的；根据one of the +最高级“最……之一”，形容词最高级前加冠词the；故选D。
15.A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much ____ than the one with 4G.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
【答案】B
【解析】句意：5G手机比4G手机发送录像快得多。fast 快地（原级）；faster更快（比较级）；fastest 最快（最高级）；根据than可知用比较级，much+比较级 意思是“……得多”；故选B。
16.——Do you know that China is one of _____ countries in the world？
——Yes，I do. It's much _______ than the US.
A. the oldest；older B. old；older C. older；older
【答案】A
【解析】句意：— — 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？ — — 是的，我知道。它比美国古老得多。根据in the world可知，第一个空应该用形容词的最高级，排除B/C；由比较连词than可知，第二个空应该用形容词的比较级，故选A。
17.Because of the flood, there are _________ tourists in that ancient town this year than last year.
A. more B. most C. fewer D. fewest
【答案】C
【解析】句意：因为这场洪水，今年那个古镇的游客比去年更少了。more更多；most最多；fewer更少；fewest最少。根据句中的than“比…”可知，这里应用形容词的比较级形式，先排除B和D。再根据句意Because of the flood可知，因为洪水，游客应该更少了。故应选C。
18.Does the dish taste as _______ as it looks
A. well B. best C. good D. better
【答案】C
【解析】句意“这道菜尝起来和看起来一样地好吗？”。A.好地（副词），身体健康的（形容词）；B.最好（形容词和副词的最高级）；C.好的（形容词的原级）；D.较好（形容词和副词的比较级）。根据as...as可知，空处用原级，且根据taste可知，感官动词后加形容词，且指味道好，而不是身体好，用good，故选C。
19.More and more people agree that expressions such as “LOL” and “hahaha” are making our speech more direct but ______ interesting and creative.
A. less B. more C. the least D. the most
【答案】A
【解析】句意：越来越多的人认同“lol”和“hahaha”等表达方式使我们的演讲更直接，但却缺乏趣味性和创造性。A. less更少，比较级；B. more更多，比较级；C. the least最少，最高级；D. the most最多，最高级。but作连词讲，可以连接两个并列成分，意为“但是，然而”。本题but前面的more direct是形容词的比较级，因此but后面的形容词也应该用比较级，排除C/D；又因为but可以表示转折，因此语境是：“lol”和“hahaha”等表达方式虽然使演讲更直接，但却缺乏趣味性和创造性。因此应该选择less，是指缺乏趣味性和创造性。故选A。
20.--Do you know Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge（港珠澳大桥）
--Yes, it is ____cross- sea bridge in the world.
A. the longer B. longest C. the longest D. longer
【答案】C
【解析】句意“-你知道港珠澳大桥吗？-知道，它是世界上最长的跨海大桥”。A.形容词的比较级，比较级前一般不加the，但是在“the+比较级，the+比较级”以及“the+比较级of the two”两个结构中，比较级前加the；B.形容词的最高级；C.形容词的最高级；D.形容词的比较级。根据in the world可知，用最高级，排除A和D；且形容词最高级前必须加the，故选C。
【趁热打铁】
一、单选.
( )1.This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive
( )2. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
( )3. Jack，start exercising before it's too late.Your health is ________ than anything else.
A.important B．more important C．less important D. much important
( )4．—Which season do you like ____，summer or winter
—Summer.
A．well　　　 B．best　　　 C．better　　 D．good
( )5.Liu Li is __ __ than any other ______ in my class.
A.popular; students B．more popular; student
C.the most popular; students D．more popular; students
( )6．__ __ exercise you take，________ you'll be.
A．The fewer；the fatter B．The less；the fatter
C．The less；the more fatter D．The fewer；the more fatter
( )7．—Is Julie as __ __ as her sister
—No.Her sister works much ________ than her.
A．hardworking；hard B．more hardworking；harder
C．more hardworking；hard D．hardworking；harder
( )8.—How are you feeling today？
—I feel __ __ better than yesterday.
A．much　 　 B．more　 　 C．very　 　 D．too
( )9．The weather is getting __ __．
hotter and hotter B．more hot and hot
C．hoter and hoter D．more and more hot
( )10．I'm sorry this coat is not big enough.I want a __ __ one.
A．bigger B．big C．smaller D．small
( )11．—What do you think of Tom's speaking
—No one does __ __ in our class.
good B．better C．well D．best
( )12.—Is Mr Wang ________ teacher in your school
—I think he is.
A.the most busy B.the busy C.the most busiest D.the busiest
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.My father is much _________ than my mother.（busy）
2.He is the ___________ boy in our class.（outgoing）
3.Jeans Corner is a ________ (good) store. It sells the _________ (good) clothes in town .
4. Kitty has the _________ (little) milk of the three.
5. Liu Bing runs __________ of all.（fast）
6. He is as _________ (friend) to us as his sister.
7. Tom is ____________ (tall) of the two.
8.Which one is ______________of all the problems (easy)
9.This radio is not so ________ as that one. (cheap)
10. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______(fat) than before .
11.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken
12. Annie says Sally is the ____________ (help) student in their class.
13. He is one of the _____________ (busy) people in their school.
14.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______(well).
15. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
16. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.