牛津深圳版八年级下 5.11 Unit 5 单元小结(原卷版+解析版)

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名称 牛津深圳版八年级下 5.11 Unit 5 单元小结(原卷版+解析版)
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更新时间 2023-02-28 13:55:25

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Save the endangered animals
单元小结
(
知识目录
)
学习目标:本单元阅读关于介绍大熊猫的情况,要求学生了解世界濒临灭绝动物的情况,号召人们行动起来保护野生动物,能读懂相关难度的文章。
语法目标:学习it’s+ adj for/of to do 和enough的用法。
听说目标:能听懂关于野生动物对话或短文。
写作目标:能够学会描写一种濒临灭绝的动物。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 endangered的用法 练习
要点2 weigh的用法 练习
要点3 on one’s own的用法 练习
要点4 include用法 练习
要点5 rest和the rest of用法 练习
要点6 as much as...用法 练习
要点7 population的用法 练习
要点8 with的用法 练习
要点9 enough的用法小结 练习
要点10 it’s+ adj for/of to do的用法 练习
要点11 birth 的用法 练习
要点12 face的用法 练习
要点13 behavior的用法 练习
要点14 hear of/hear about/hear from的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1it’s+ adj for/of to do 和enough的用法 13
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 14
要点2 词汇短语积累 15
要点3句式积累 16
要点4实战演练 17
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语和句式
)
【精讲精练】
要点 1:endangered
endangered濒危的
(1) danger n. 危险 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
(2) endanger v. 危及;使遭受危险
(3) dangerous adj. 危险的
【典例分析】
1.The girl is in . 这个女孩处于危险之中。
【答案】danger 名词。In danger 处于危险中。
2.It is to play with fire. 玩火是危险的。
【答案】dangerous
3.Pandas are animals.熊猫是濒危动物
【答案】endangered
4. Nowadays so many animals _______ danger, we should take actions to save them.
A. is in B. are in C. is out of D. are out of
【答案】B be in danger 处于危险中。 Be out of danger 脱离危险。故B符合题意。
5.When one walks in a forest alone at night, he may be______ because there are many______ animals around them.
A. dangerous; in danger B. dangerous; dangerous C. in danger; dangerous D. in danger; in danger;
【答案】C句意: 当一个人晚上独自在森林里行走时,他可能是因为周围有许多危险的动物而有危险。第一个空,in danger,有危险,第二个空,animals是名词,其前是形容词,dangerous,是形容词,危险的 , 故选C。
要点2 weigh
(1) weigh表示“称……的重量”,是及物动词;表示“重(多少)”,是不及物动词。例如:
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
【拓展】
(1)weight是名词,意为“重量,体重”。例如:
What’s your weight 你体重是多少?
(2)比较:by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”,in weight表示“重量上”。例如:
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight. 它体积比较小,但分量比较重。
(3)常用于以下表达中:
①What’s the weight of... 意为“……的重量是多少?”
-What’s the weight of the elephant 大象多重?
-I’ve no idea.我不知道。
②put on/lose weight 意为“长胖/减肥”
You can do more exercise to lose weight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。
【典例分析】
1.用weight 和weigh填空
1)Please____________ the apples.
2)How much does the elephant __________
【答案】weigh weight
2. How heavy are you (同义改写)
=What’s ________ ___________
=_________ _________ do you __________
【答案】your weight How much weigh
3.—How much does a young panda ________
—Its ________ can be 35 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
【答案】A
【解析】第一空前面有助动词does, 后接动词原形weigh, 第二空前面是形容词性物主代词Its, 后接名词weight。故选A。
要点 3:
on one’s own 意为“独自”, 相当于by oneself=without one’s help=alone。
【举例】
You are allowed to drive a car on your own. 允许你独自开车。
【拓展】
(1)of one’s own意为“属于某人自己的”。
He has no house of his own. 他没有属于自己的房子。
(2)with one’s own意为“用某人自己的”,后接名词。
Please write a report with your own opinion. 请用你自己的观点写一份报告。
辨析of one's own与on one's own
of one's own 意为“(某人)自己的”,一般用作定语。
on one's own 意为“独自”,一般用作状语,相当于by oneself。
【典例分析】
1.他有一座自己的房子,这座房子是去年他独自建的,所以他是该房子的主人。
He has a house __________,and the house was built __________last year,so he is the_________ of the house.
【答案】of his own 意为“(某人)自己的” on his own意为“独自” owner “所有权人;主人”
2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.
A. on business   B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top
【答案】你晚上一个人到森林里去散步是很危险的。on one's own意为“独自”,符合题意。
要点4 include
include作动词,意为“包括;包含”。例如:
The price for the hotel includes breakfast. 旅店的费用包括早餐在内。
The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里有一本字典。
【拓展】
including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外,在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用,和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语,意思是“包括……在内”。例如:
There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.
有很多种月饼,包括水果的,咖啡的和火腿月饼。
There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.
班里有40名学生,包括我在内。
【典例分析】
1.我有很多工作要做,包括做饭和打扫房间。
I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.
【点拨】including cooking。including是介词引导的介词短语在句中作状语,起补充说明的作用,前面可用逗号隔开。
2.我的工作包括做饭、打扫房间等。
My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.
【点拨】includes。include是及物动词,在句中作谓语
3. I have to make breakfast for five people,____me.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
【点拨】B 此题用语法判定法。分析句子成分可知,空格前是一个完整的句子,排除A与C两项。including介词,意为“包括”,与后面的代词me构成介词短语。
要点5
1)rest在本句中意为“剩余部分”,用作名词。
(2)rest作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面的名词。some、分数词、百分数作主语时也是同样的用法。
【举例】
The rest of the books were lost. 剩下的书丢失了。
【拓展】
(1)rest作名词时,意为“休息”,常用词组有:have a rest, take a rest。
She needs rest after her long illness. 她在久病之后需要静养。
(2)rest作动词时,意为“休息”。
If you are tired, we’ll stop and rest for a while. 如果你累了,我们就停下来歇一会儿。
【典例分析】
1.The rest of the students ____ in the classroom.
A. is studying B. are studying C. be studying D. is studied
【答案】B
【解析】the rest of...意为 “剩下的/其余的···...”,其后接名词做主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面的名词的单复数。
要点 6
as much as...+不可数名词,表示具体的数量,意为“多达;……之多;整整”,强调“多”。
【举例】
In fact, it cost me as much as 100 dollars. 事实上,它整整花了我100美元。
【拓展】
(1)表示模糊的数量时,as much as意为“与……一样多”。有时much后面可接被修饰的名词(不可数)。
Give me as much as you gave Jane. 给我的要和你给简的一样多。
I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想象的有那么多钱。
(2)表示程度时,as much as意为“尽量;尽最大努力(可能)”,其后常接possible或one can。此外,as much as还可意为“与……一样(的程度)”。
You ought to rest as much as possible. 你应当尽量多休息。
I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you. 我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。
【典例分析】
1.为了比赛,他有时一个星期要跑60英里。
Sometimes she runs _________ _________ _________ 60 miles a week for the race.
【答案】as much as
2.为了学习好英语,你要尽可能多的记单词。
In order to study English well, you should remember English words ________ _________ _______ _________.
【答案】as many as possible
要点7:population
The population of sp is……. 表示sp有多少人。
此外用sp has a population of……也可以表示sp有多少人。
形容人口(population)的多少用big/ large 或 small 当population 作主语时,谓语动词用单数
●询问某地有多少人口有两种表达方法:
1.What’s the population of …
2. How large is the population of …
注意:询问某地有多少人口时不用how many 和 how much
【典例分析】
1._____ the population of China
A.How many is B.How much is C.How many are D.What’s
【答案】D
【解析】句意:中国的人口是多少?
How many 多少,提问数量,修饰可数名词;How much也可以提问数量,修饰不可数名词;What’s是什么。根据句意可知,这里提问人口的数量,不是How many或者How much提问,而是用What或者How large来提问,故应选D。
2. The population of China is __________than that of Japan.
A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. less
【答案】C 形容人口(population)的多少用big/ large 或 small.
要点8
with用法归纳
(1)“用……”表示使用工具,手段等。
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。
(2) “和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如:
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗?
(3)“带有,具有”。例如:
He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。
(4) “随着,与……同时”。例如:
He came into the classroom with some books.
【典例分析】
一、翻译并指出with的在各句中的意义。
1.He writes with a pencil.
【点拨】他用铅笔写字。with 意为“用……”,表示使用某种工具、手段等。
2.Can you see a film with me
【点拨】你能和我一起去看电影吗 with意为“和……一起”;“跟……一起”,表示伴随。
3.What’s wrong with your watch
【点拨】你的手表怎么了 with意为“关于,对于”,表示一种关系或适用范围。
4.With these words, he left the room.
【点拨】说完这些话,他离开了房间。with意为“随着, 与……同时”。
5.Would you like to go to the theatre with us
【点拨】你愿意和我们一起去剧院看戏吗?with意为“和……一起”;“跟……一起”,表示伴随。
要点9 enough
(1)enough是形容词,意为“充足的,充分的,足够的”,可作表语或定语,作定语时,可放在名词的前面或后面。例如:
The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
(2)enough还可作副词,意为“足够地”,这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如:
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
【拓展】
(1)enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如:
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。
(2)…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如:
He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you get the present
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
【点拨】B 句意:——你得到礼品了吗?——没有,我到的足够早,但是没有足够的礼品了。形容词或者副词+enough足够……,固定搭配,early是副词,所以用early enough,排除A、D。enough+名词,固定搭配,presents是名词,所以用enough presents,故选B。
2.As teenagers, we are ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes.
A. enough young B. enough old C. old enough D. young enough
【点拨】C句意: 作为青少年,我们足够大了可以帮助做家务。我们可以帮忙洗碗和洗衣服。enough修饰形容词,位于形容词后,故排除A和B选项,根据 We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes,可知能帮助做家务是年龄足够大了,old,年老的,故选C。
3.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
【点拨】D 形容词/副词+enough for sb”对某人来说足够……. 这里enough修饰副词同样放在副词后面。故用D
4.这个房间已经足够干净了。
The room is ___________________________.
【点拨】clean enough
5.这个男孩足够强壮,他能提起这么重的行李。
The boy is _________strong __________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase.
=The boy is ___________ __________ __________ ___________ such a heavy suitcase.
【点拨】so that strong enough to carry “形容词/副词+enough to do”足够,以致能……可以与so。。。that 进行句式转换。
6.他年龄够大能上学。
He is __________ __________ to go to school.
=He is ________ old ________ he can go to school.
【点拨】old enough so that。“形容词/副词+enough to do”足够,以致能……
要点10
It's really nice of you to agree to talk to us…
你同意跟我们交谈,真是太好了……
在“It's+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”结构中,形容词是描述人物品格的词,如friendly, honest, kind等。
在“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”结构中,形容词是描述事物的词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, (im)possible等。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
【典例分析】
1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question.
A.for; to answer B.of; to answer C.for; answer
【答案】
【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of,否则用for。clever 描述人的性格,品质。故用of。
2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo.
A.for us taking B.of us to take C.of us taking D.for us to take
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of,否则用for。本题中的形容词为dangerous,不是描述人的性格特征的,故答案选D。
3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说,独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。
________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone.
【答案】It’s of to travel
4.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
【答案】dangerous for
5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
【答案】important for
6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。
________ _________ _________ them to kill the wild animals.
【答案】It’s cruel of
7.能设计这么好的计划,他很聪明。
It’s __________ __________ him _________ work out such a good plan.
【答案】clever of to
要点 11 birth
birth出生;诞生
birthday n. 生日
birthplace n. 出生地
be born 出生于……
give birth to 出生;生育
at birth 出生时
【典例分析】
1. The great writer ____________ (birth) in a poor family.
2.她生了一个健康漂亮的女孩。(根据汉语意思补全句子,每空一词)
She __________ __________ __________ a fine healthy girl.
3.那个婴儿出生时有三公斤重。
The baby weighed three kilograms ________ _________.
= The baby weighed three kilograms when it ________ ____________.
【答案】1.was born 2.gave birth to 3.at birth was born
要点 12:face
face v. 面对
1.make faces 做鬼脸
2.face to face 面对面
【典例分析】
1. He turned and _____ her.
A. faces B. faced C. faced to
2.The giant pandas are ____________(face) dangers.
3.我们需要面对面讨论一下这个问题。
We need to discuss the problem .
【解析】1.B face 面对。及物动词。 2.facing 3.face to face
要点12 behavior
(1)behavior作名词,意为“行为,举止;态度”。例如:
He was on his best behavior.
他表现极好。
(2)behavior作名词,意为“(机器等的)运转状态,性能”。例如:
The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight.
那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。
【拓展】
behave
(1)作动词,意为“表现,行为举止”。例如:
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样(待我), 而不像是我的母亲.
It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
(2)作动词,意为“(机器等)开动,运转”。例如:
How is the new machine behaving
新机器运行地怎么样
【典例分析】
1.Students must learn to ______ well in class.
A. behave B. act C. do D. hear
【答案】A
【解析】句意:学生们必须学会在课堂上举止得体。
2. The _____ is the way a person, an animal, a plant, et, behaves in a particular situation.
A. behaviour B. appearance C. amount D. file
【答案】A
【解析】句意:行为是指人、动物、植物等在特定情况下的表现方式。答案选A
3. In my opinion, parents should teach their children to _______ properly in public places. For example, they should be quiet in the library.
A. behave B. disappear C. sense D. develop
【答案】A
【解析】本小题考查动词词义辨析。behave意为“举止”;disappear意为“消失”;sense意为“感觉到;意识到”;develop意为“发展”。根据题干第二句“例如,在图书馆他们应该保持安静”可知,父母应该教育孩子在公共场合要“举止”得体,故选A。
要点13
hear of意为“听说,听到”,相当于hear about。 例如:
I have never heard of him. 我从来没听人说起过他。
【拓展】hear; hear of与hear from的辨析:
(1) hear“听见,听说”。当“听见”讲时,强调结果,可直接带宾语或用于hear sb. / sth. do/ doing sth.意为“听见某人/某物(在)做某事”,当“听说”时,后面常接从句。例如:
Can you hear a bird singing in the tree now 你现在能听见鸟在树上唱歌吗?
I heard that she passed the exam. 我听说她通过考试了。
(2) hear of“听说,得知”,后面接名词或代词,指听到某人或某事的存在或消息。例如:
Jim disappeared and nobody heard of him. Jim不知去向,没有人再听到他的消息。
(3) hear from“收到……来信”,后面常接人作宾语。例如:
Have you ever heard from your pen pal 你是否收到过笔友的来信。
(
知识要点二、语法
)
A. It is+adjective + for + noun / pronoun + to + verb
句型“It is + adjective +for somebody to do something”表示“对某人来说,做某事是……的”。其中的形容词是对所做的事情进行描述,如difficult,easy,hard,important,necessary, dangerous, possible, convenient等。
B. adjective + enough + to + verb
句型“somebody / something + be + adjective + enough to do something”意思是“某人或某物足够……,可以做某事”。注意enough放在形容词后面,表示达到必要的程度
C. It is+adjective + of + noun / pronoun + to + verb
句型“It is + adjective +of somebody to do something”的意思是“某人做某事真是太……了”。其中的形容词是对人的性格、品质进行描述,如kind,good,nice, clever,careless,polite,foolish等。
【典例分析】
1.选择for或of填空。
1. It is possible _______ him to get there on time.
2. It was silly ________ you to leave the keys at home.
3. Is it important _________ us to learn a foreign language
4. It was brave _________ him to save the girl.
5.It is difficult _________ such a little boy to run fast.
【答案】1.for 2.of 3.for 4.of 5.for
2.完成句子。
1. 这个小女孩够年龄去上学了。
The little girl is _______ ________ to go to school.
2.对于我们来说,三天内完成这项工作是不可能的。
________ ________ impossible for us ___________ _____________ the job in three days.
3. 保护环境对我们来说很重要。
_______ _______ very important _______ _______ to protect the environment.
4. 她够勇敢,抓住了小偷。
It is brave ________ ________ to catch the thief.
5. 这个书包太小了,装不下15本书。
The schoolbag is _________ small ________ carry 15 books.
【答案】1.old enough 2.It is to finish 3.It is for us 4.of her 5.too to
(
知识要点三、书面表达
)
【话题分析】
本单元作文是是介绍中国国宝——大熊猫,它的住居地(home),食物,行为习惯及未来发展。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——描写一种动物。(从下面6各方面描写)
【短语积累】
1. 在野生环境中 _______________
2. 出生时 _______________
3. 独自 _______________
4. 几乎;接近 _______________
5. 照顾 _______________
6. 保持健康 _______________
7. 其余的 _______________
8. 多于;超过 _______________
9. ……之多;多达 _______________
10. 失去家园 _______________
11. 纪念 _______________
12. 足够……做某事 ___________________
13.保护濒临灭绝的动物的重要性_________________
【答案】1.in the wild 2.at birth 3.on one’s own 4.close to 5.take care of/look after 6.keep healthy 7.the rest of 8.more than 9.up to 10.lose one’s home 11.in memory of 12.enough to do 13, the importance of protecting endangered animals
【句式积累】
1.我们应该停止过度砍伐树木。
【答案】We should stop cutting down too many trees
2. 一些工厂仍在直接排放污物到空气或河流中。
【答案】Some factories are still pouring dirt directly into the air or rivers.
3. 我们应该建议人们不要捕杀野生动物。
【答案】We should advise people not to kill wild animals.
4. 我们对它们的保护很重要。
【答案】It is important for us to protect them.
5. 熊猫在野外通常以竹子为食。
【答案】Pandas in the wild usually eat bamboo.
6. 她太虚弱了以至于提不动她的箱子。
【答案】She is too weak to carry her box.
7. 它们不够强大以至于无法保护自己。
【答案】They are not strong enough to protect themselves.
【实战演练】
话题五:濒临灭绝的动物 
请以“Saving Tigers”为题,为某中学生英文报专栏写一篇80词左右的征文稿,内容要点如下:
老虎独居,食肉;
濒危动物,现在世界上仅存大约3200只老虎,数目日趋减少;
老虎处境危险的原因;
4. 保护老虎的建议。
Save tigers _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
◆审题:
根据本单元所学到的内容可以按上述四点一一阐述,谈谈世界上的濒危动物老虎。结合所学句型,广泛思考,进行描写,点明老虎的现存数量等。指出老虎处境危险的原因并提出保护老虎的建议,要有条理。文章的时态用现在时就行。
写作方法指导
一、写什么——细审题,列要点
1.介绍一下老虎; 2. 我们面临的关于老虎的问题;
3.老虎处境危险的原因; 4. 保护老虎的建议。
二、怎么写——遣词句,重结构
第一点:介绍一下老虎
1.老虎喜欢独居。
2.老虎食肉。
第二点:我们面临的关于老虎问题
3.老虎现在成为了濒危动物。
4.现在世界上仅存大约3200只老虎。
5.老虎数目日趋减少。
第三点:老虎处境危险的原因
6. 很多森林被砍伐,它们没有生存之地。
7.很多老虎被杀死。
第四点:保护老虎的建议
8.建立自然保护区。
9. 人类必须停止杀害老虎。
【答案】Tigers like living alone. They live on meat. They become the endangered animals now. There are about 3200 tigers in the world, and the number of them is decreasing.
Tigers are in danger. Many forests are cut down and they have no place to live in. Some people also kill tigers. In order to protect tigers, we must build many natural reserves and stop people from hunting them.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Save the endangered animals
单元小结
(
知识目录
)
学习目标:本单元阅读关于介绍大熊猫的情况,要求学生了解世界濒临灭绝动物的情况,号召人们行动起来保护野生动物,能读懂相关难度的文章。
语法目标:学习it’s+ adj for/of to do 和enough的用法。
听说目标:能听懂关于野生动物对话或短文。
写作目标:能够学会描写一种濒临灭绝的动物。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 endangered的用法 练习
要点2 weigh的用法 练习
要点3 on one’s own的用法 练习
要点4 include用法 练习
要点5 rest和the rest of用法 练习
要点6 as much as...用法 练习
要点7 population的用法 练习
要点8 with的用法 练习
要点9 enough的用法小结 练习
要点10 it’s+ adj for/of to do的用法 练习
要点11 birth 的用法 练习
要点12 face的用法 练习
要点13 behavior的用法 练习
要点14 hear of/hear about/hear from的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1it’s+ adj for/of to do 和enough的用法 12
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 13
要点2 词汇短语积累 13
要点3句式积累 14
要点4实战演练 15
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语和句式
)
【精讲精练】
要点 1:endangered
endangered濒危的
(1) danger n. 危险 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
(2) endanger v. 危及;使遭受危险
(3) dangerous adj. 危险的
【典例分析】
1.The girl is in . 这个女孩处于危险之中。
2.It is to play with fire. 玩火是危险的。
3.Pandas are animals.熊猫是濒危动物
4. Nowadays so many animals _______ danger, we should take actions to save them.
A. is in B. are in C. is out of D. are out of
5.When one walks in a forest alone at night, he may be______ because there are many______ animals around them.
A. dangerous; in danger B. dangerous; dangerous C. in danger; dangerous D. in danger; in danger;
要点2 weigh
(1) weigh表示“称……的重量”,是及物动词;表示“重(多少)”,是不及物动词。例如:
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
【拓展】
(1)weight是名词,意为“重量,体重”。例如:
What’s your weight 你体重是多少?
(2)比较:by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”,in weight表示“重量上”。例如:
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight. 它体积比较小,但分量比较重。
(3)常用于以下表达中:
①What’s the weight of... 意为“……的重量是多少?”
-What’s the weight of the elephant 大象多重?
-I’ve no idea.我不知道。
②put on/lose weight 意为“长胖/减肥”
You can do more exercise to lose weight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。
【典例分析】
1.用weight 和weigh填空
1)Please____________ the apples.
2)How much does the elephant __________
2. How heavy are you (同义改写)
=What’s ________ ___________
=_________ _________ do you __________
3.—How much does a young panda ________
—Its ________ can be 35 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
要点 3:
on one’s own 意为“独自”, 相当于by oneself=without one’s help=alone。
【举例】
You are allowed to drive a car on your own. 允许你独自开车。
【拓展】
(1)of one’s own意为“属于某人自己的”。
He has no house of his own. 他没有属于自己的房子。
(2)with one’s own意为“用某人自己的”,后接名词。
Please write a report with your own opinion. 请用你自己的观点写一份报告。
辨析of one's own与on one's own
of one's own 意为“(某人)自己的”,一般用作定语。
on one's own 意为“独自”,一般用作状语,相当于by oneself。
【典例分析】
1.他有一座自己的房子,这座房子是去年他独自建的,所以他是该房子的主人。
He has a house __________,and the house was built __________last year,so he is the_________ of the house.
2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.
A. on business   B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top
要点4 include
include作动词,意为“包括;包含”。例如:
The price for the hotel includes breakfast. 旅店的费用包括早餐在内。
The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里有一本字典。
【拓展】
including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外,在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用,和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语,意思是“包括……在内”。例如:
There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.
有很多种月饼,包括水果的,咖啡的和火腿月饼。
There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.
班里有40名学生,包括我在内。
【典例分析】
1.我有很多工作要做,包括做饭和打扫房间。
I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.
2.我的工作包括做饭、打扫房间等。
My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.
3. I have to make breakfast for five people,____me.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
要点5
1)rest在本句中意为“剩余部分”,用作名词。
(2)rest作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面的名词。some、分数词、百分数作主语时也是同样的用法。
【举例】
The rest of the books were lost. 剩下的书丢失了。
【拓展】
(1)rest作名词时,意为“休息”,常用词组有:have a rest, take a rest。
She needs rest after her long illness. 她在久病之后需要静养。
(2)rest作动词时,意为“休息”。
If you are tired, we’ll stop and rest for a while. 如果你累了,我们就停下来歇一会儿。
【典例分析】
1.The rest of the students ____ in the classroom.
A. is studying B. are studying C. be studying D. is studied
要点 6
as much as...+不可数名词,表示具体的数量,意为“多达;……之多;整整”,强调“多”。
【举例】
In fact, it cost me as much as 100 dollars. 事实上,它整整花了我100美元。
【拓展】
(1)表示模糊的数量时,as much as意为“与……一样多”。有时much后面可接被修饰的名词(不可数)。
Give me as much as you gave Jane. 给我的要和你给简的一样多。
I haven’t got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想象的有那么多钱。
(2)表示程度时,as much as意为“尽量;尽最大努力(可能)”,其后常接possible或one can。此外,as much as还可意为“与……一样(的程度)”。
You ought to rest as much as possible. 你应当尽量多休息。
I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you. 我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。
【典例分析】
1.为了比赛,他有时一个星期要跑60英里。
Sometimes she runs _________ _________ _________ 60 miles a week for the race.
2.为了学习好英语,你要尽可能多的记单词。
In order to study English well, you should remember English words ________ _________ _______ _________.
要点7:population
The population of sp is……. 表示sp有多少人。
此外用sp has a population of……也可以表示sp有多少人。
形容人口(population)的多少用big/ large 或 small 当population 作主语时,谓语动词用单数
●询问某地有多少人口有两种表达方法:
1.What’s the population of …
2. How large is the population of …
注意:询问某地有多少人口时不用how many 和 how much
【典例分析】
1._____ the population of China
A.How many is B.How much is C.How many are D.What’s
2. The population of China is __________than that of Japan.
A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. less
要点8
with用法归纳
(1)“用……”表示使用工具,手段等。
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。
(2) “和……在一起”,表示伴随。例如:
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗?
(3)“带有,具有”。例如:
He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。
(4) “随着,与……同时”。例如:
He came into the classroom with some books.
【典例分析】
一、翻译并指出with的在各句中的意义。
1.He writes with a pencil.
2.Can you see a film with me
3.What’s wrong with your watch
4.With these words, he left the room.
5.Would you like to go to the theatre with us
要点9 enough
(1)enough是形容词,意为“充足的,充分的,足够的”,可作表语或定语,作定语时,可放在名词的前面或后面。例如:
The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
(2)enough还可作副词,意为“足够地”,这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如:
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
【拓展】
(1)enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如:
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。
(2)…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如:
He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you get the present
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
2.As teenagers, we are ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes.
A. enough young B. enough old C. old enough D. young enough
3.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
4.这个房间已经足够干净了。
The room is ___________________________.
5.这个男孩足够强壮,他能提起这么重的行李。
The boy is _________strong __________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase.
=The boy is ___________ __________ __________ ___________ such a heavy suitcase.
6.他年龄够大能上学。
He is __________ __________ to go to school.
=He is ________ old ________ he can go to school.
要点10
It's really nice of you to agree to talk to us…
你同意跟我们交谈,真是太好了……
在“It's+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”结构中,形容词是描述人物品格的词,如friendly, honest, kind等。
在“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”结构中,形容词是描述事物的词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, (im)possible等。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
【典例分析】
1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question.
A.for; to answer B.of; to answer C.for; answer
2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo.
A.for us taking B.of us to take C.of us taking D.for us to take
3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说,独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。
________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone.
4.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。
________ _________ _________ them to kill the wild animals.
7.能设计这么好的计划,他很聪明。
It’s __________ __________ him _________ work out such a good plan.
要点 11 birth
birth出生;诞生
birthday n. 生日
birthplace n. 出生地
be born 出生于……
give birth to 出生;生育
at birth 出生时
【典例分析】
1. The great writer ____________ (birth) in a poor family.
2.她生了一个健康漂亮的女孩。(根据汉语意思补全句子,每空一词)
She __________ __________ __________ a fine healthy girl.
3.那个婴儿出生时有三公斤重。
The baby weighed three kilograms ________ _________.
= The baby weighed three kilograms when it ________ ____________.
要点 12:face
face v. 面对
1.make faces 做鬼脸
2.face to face 面对面
【典例分析】
1. He turned and _____ her.
A. faces B. faced C. faced to
2.The giant pandas are ____________(face) dangers.
3.我们需要面对面讨论一下这个问题。
We need to discuss the problem .
要点12 behavior
(1)behavior作名词,意为“行为,举止;态度”。例如:
He was on his best behavior.
他表现极好。
(2)behavior作名词,意为“(机器等的)运转状态,性能”。例如:
The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight.
那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。
【拓展】
behave
(1)作动词,意为“表现,行为举止”。例如:
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样(待我), 而不像是我的母亲.
It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
(2)作动词,意为“(机器等)开动,运转”。例如:
How is the new machine behaving
新机器运行地怎么样
【典例分析】
1.Students must learn to ______ well in class.
A. behave B. act C. do D. hear
2. The _____ is the way a person, an animal, a plant, et, behaves in a particular situation.
A. behaviour B. appearance C. amount D. file
3. In my opinion, parents should teach their children to _______ properly in public places. For example, they should be quiet in the library.
A. behave B. disappear C. sense D. develop
要点13
hear of意为“听说,听到”,相当于hear about。 例如:
I have never heard of him. 我从来没听人说起过他。
【拓展】hear; hear of与hear from的辨析:
(1) hear“听见,听说”。当“听见”讲时,强调结果,可直接带宾语或用于hear sb. / sth. do/ doing sth.意为“听见某人/某物(在)做某事”,当“听说”时,后面常接从句。例如:
Can you hear a bird singing in the tree now 你现在能听见鸟在树上唱歌吗?
I heard that she passed the exam. 我听说她通过考试了。
(2) hear of“听说,得知”,后面接名词或代词,指听到某人或某事的存在或消息。例如:
Jim disappeared and nobody heard of him. Jim不知去向,没有人再听到他的消息。
(3) hear from“收到……来信”,后面常接人作宾语。例如:
Have you ever heard from your pen pal 你是否收到过笔友的来信。
(
知识要点二、语法
)
A. It is+adjective + for + noun / pronoun + to + verb
句型“It is + adjective +for somebody to do something”表示“对某人来说,做某事是……的”。其中的形容词是对所做的事情进行描述,如difficult,easy,hard,important,necessary, dangerous, possible, convenient等。
B. adjective + enough + to + verb
句型“somebody / something + be + adjective + enough to do something”意思是“某人或某物足够……,可以做某事”。注意enough放在形容词后面,表示达到必要的程度
C. It is+adjective + of + noun / pronoun + to + verb
句型“It is + adjective +of somebody to do something”的意思是“某人做某事真是太……了”。其中的形容词是对人的性格、品质进行描述,如kind,good,nice, clever,careless,polite,foolish等。
【典例分析】
1.选择for或of填空。
1. It is possible _______ him to get there on time.
2. It was silly ________ you to leave the keys at home.
3. Is it important _________ us to learn a foreign language
4. It was brave _________ him to save the girl.
5.It is difficult _________ such a little boy to run fast.
2.完成句子。
1. 这个小女孩够年龄去上学了。
The little girl is _______ ________ to go to school.
2.对于我们来说,三天内完成这项工作是不可能的。
________ ________ impossible for us ___________ _____________ the job in three days.
3. 保护环境对我们来说很重要。
_______ _______ very important _______ _______ to protect the environment.
4. 她够勇敢,抓住了小偷。
It is brave ________ ________ to catch the thief.
5. 这个书包太小了,装不下15本书。
The schoolbag is _________ small ________ carry 15 books.
(
知识要点三、书面表达
)
【话题分析】
本单元作文是是介绍中国国宝——大熊猫,它的住居地(home),食物,行为习惯及未来发展。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——描写一种动物。(从下面6各方面描写)
【短语积累】
1. 在野生环境中 _______________
2. 出生时 _______________
3. 独自 _______________
4. 几乎;接近 _______________
5. 照顾 _______________
6. 保持健康 _______________
7. 其余的 _______________
8. 多于;超过 _______________
9. ……之多;多达 _______________
10. 失去家园 _______________
11. 纪念 _______________
12. 足够……做某事 ___________________
13.保护濒临灭绝的动物的重要性_________________
【句式积累】
1.我们应该停止过度砍伐树木。
2. 一些工厂仍在直接排放污物到空气或河流中。
3. 我们应该建议人们不要捕杀野生动物。
4. 我们对它们的保护很重要。
5. 熊猫在野外通常以竹子为食。
6. 她太虚弱了以至于提不动她的箱子。
7. 它们不够强大以至于无法保护自己。
【实战演练】
话题五:濒临灭绝的动物 
请以“Saving Tigers”为题,为某中学生英文报专栏写一篇80词左右的征文稿,内容要点如下:
老虎独居,食肉;
濒危动物,现在世界上仅存大约3200只老虎,数目日趋减少;
老虎处境危险的原因;
4. 保护老虎的建议。
Save tigers _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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