中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Our animal friends
单元小结 (
知识目录
)
学习目标:本单元谈论我们的动物朋友。能掌握描述动物的单词及句式,能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标:学习反身代词和方位介词的用法。
听说目标:能听懂并介绍某个动物小短文,能简单介绍一个小动物。
写作目标:学会写一个小故事。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 helpful的用法 练习
要点2 mean的用法 练习
要点3 allow用法 练习
要点4 apologize的用法 练习
要点5 finally的用法 练习
要点6 some time, sometime, sometimes, some times区别 练习
要点 7 act用法 练习
要点8 appear的用法 练习
要点9 lead的用法 练习
要点10 in front of和in the front of的用法 练习
要点11 between的用法 练习
要点12arrive,get, reach的区别 练习
要点13 had better的用法 练习
要点14重点短语 13
要点15 重点句式 14
知识要点二、语法
要点1反身代词和方位介词的用法 16
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 17
要点2 词汇短语积累 17
要点3句式积累 18
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句。
)要点4实战演练 18
【精讲精练】
要点 1:helpful
(1)helpful adj. 有帮助的; 有用的 be helpful to 对。。。有帮助
(2)unhelpful adj. 无用的
(3)helpless adj. 无助的
help为动词,意为“帮助”,常用的句式有:
help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人
例如:
I helped her (to) find the bus stop. 我帮她找到了公共汽车站。
Mr. Li often helps us with our English. 李老师经常帮我们学习英语。
拓展:help也可作名词,意为“帮助”,常用结构“with one’s help/with the help of…”意为“在的帮助下”。
例如:
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
With the help of my friends, I finished the work very fast.
在朋友们的帮助下,我很快完成了工作。
With the teacher’s help, we passed the exam.
在老师的帮助下,我们通过了考试。
help yourself/yourselves to...“请随便吃/喝……”。
Help yourselves to some apples,boys and girls.
孩子们,请随便吃苹果。
【典例分析】
1.用help的适当变化填空
1)He is _________ (help). I can’t finish the work on time without him.
2)With his _________(help), I can finish the work on time.
3)The girl couldn’t find her mother and she felt _________(help).
4)This book is _________ (help). I can learn nothing from it.
1.Bill does well in English now ________ the help of his teacher.
A.to B.with C.under
2. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!
—Thank you!
A.you B.your C.yourself D.yourselves
3. I often help my mother________ housework after school.
A. do B. doing C. to doing D. does
要点2 mean
mean的用法
(1)作为动词,意为“意思是;意为着”。 常用于:
①mean doing sth. 意为“意味着做某事”
Missing the bus means waiting for another half an hour.
错过了这班公交车意为着再等另外半个小时。
②mean to do sth. 意为“原本打算做某事”
My family meant to go for a picnic today, but it rained heavily suddenly.
我的家人本打算今天出去野餐的,但是突然下起了大雨。
③What does/do...mean 意为“……是什么意思?”,相当于What’s the meaning of... 。
What does the underlined word mean in Chinese
=What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Chinese
拓展
1)过去式:meant 过去分词:meant 第三人称单数:means
(2)mean adj. 吝啬的;小气的;刻薄的
(3) meaning n. 意义;含义;意图
(4)meaningful adj. 有意义的;意味深长的
【典例分析】
1.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1) —What does the red light ________(mean)
—It means ________(stop).
2)The word has two different ________(mean).
3)We should make our life _____________ (mean).
4)We should find out the _________ (mean) of our life.
5)We should know what this word _________ (mean).
2.翻译句子
1)我昨天本来打算来看你的,但是发生了一些事情。
2)错过这辆火车(missing this train)意味着你得再等―小时。
3)这个标志(sign)表示此路不通(be blocked)。
4)要那个单词是什么意思?
5)在我心里,红色意味着好运。
3. Do you mean him the letter
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
要点3:allow
allow作为及物动词,意为“允许,准许”,后接动名词做宾语,通常不接不定式,allow doing sth“允许做某事”常用结构如下:
(1)allow doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(3)allow sb. sth. 让某人拥有某物(尤指钱或时间)
(4)allow + that ... 承认……
【典例分析】
1. Drivers shouldn't be allowed___________ after drinking,or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. drove
2. We don’t allow ________ in the library.
A . make B. making C. to make D. made
3.My mother ______us ______TV after we finished our homework.
A. allow; watch B. allow; watching C. allowed; to watch D. allowed; watching
4.Our teacher doesn’t allow us ________ our mobile phone to school.
A. bring B.to bring C. bringing D. brought
5. 我父母不允许我晚上出去。
My parents don't _______ _______ ________go out at night.
=I ________ _________ _________ ________go out at night by my parents.
要点 4:apologize
apologize v. 道歉
apologize v. 道歉。 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
apology n. 道歉
make an apology to sb. = apologize to sb. = say sorry to sb.向某人道歉
I apologize for being late. 我为迟到道歉。
We received a letter of apology. 我们收到了一封致歉信。
【典例分析】
1. If he knows he was wrong, I will accept his _______ (apologize).
2.You should apologize to him. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)
A. say hello B. say sorry C. say yes
3.He apologized ____ Mary____ being rude to her.
A. to; to B. for; to C. to; for
要点 5:finally
finally adv. 最后;终于
(1)final adj. 最后的 n. 决赛
(2)finally=at last=in the end 最后
【典例分析】
1.最后,他成功了。(完成句子)
_________, he made it.
=________ ________, he made it.
=_______ ________ ________, he made it.
2.从final和finally中选词填空
① , close the door and leave the room.
②This is our ______________ exam.
3.After nine years' work,finally his dream came true.(同义替换)
A.at the end of B.at the moment C.at once D.at last
要点6 some time
some time意为“一些时间”。
sometimes 频度副词 有时 表示动作发生的不经常性,多与一般现在时连用,它可位于句首、句中或句末,对它提问用how often。
some times 名词短语 几次;几倍 其中time是可数名词,对它提问用how many times。
sometime 副词 某个时候 表示某个不确切或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时,对它提问用when。
some time 名词短语 一段时间 表示"一段时间",句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。
Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。
I have read the story some times. 这个故事我读了好几遍。
I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. 下周的某个时间我要去上海。
I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。
【典例分析】
1. I need to spend _____________doing my homework. So I can’t go with you.
A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time
2.________ my mother goes to work by bus.
A.Sometime B.Some time C.Sometimes D.At time
3. Usually, Sally has noodles for breakfast. ________she has hamburgers.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some times D. Some time
4. I hope I will go to the Moon _________. I also hope this day will come soon.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some times D. Some time
5. Maybe our English teacher will ask us to finish the homework______ today, but I guess he will forget it______ because he is too busy.
A. sometime; some times B. sometime; sometimes
C. some time; sometime D. sometimes; some time
要点7
act v. 扮演(角色)
She acted in her first movie when she was 13 years old.
当她13岁时,她出演了她的第一部电影。
【知识拓展】
act的各种形式
act n. 行动v. 行动;扮演(角色) We must act now. 我们必须现在行动。
action n. 行动,行为 He took strong action. 他采取了强硬行动。
actor/actress n. 男/女演员 an actor/actress 一个男/女演员
active adj. 积极的 take an active part in 积极参与
actively adv. 积极地 She was actively looking for a job. 她正在积极地找工作。
activity n. 活动 outdoor activities 户外活动
act out 将……表演出来
act as充当 act for代表某人行事
【典例分析】
1. The boy is going to be an __________(act) when he grows up.
2.What’s your favourite movie I like watching__________(act) movies best.
3. Although he is over 80, he is still very__________.
4.The___________ at the school include sports and dances.
5.Think well before you __________.
6. We should take __________ to protect our environment.
7. He always thinks__________ in class, so he has good grades in his all subjects.
要点 8:appear
appear v. 出现
appearance 外貌,外观;出现,露面
disappear v. 消失
appear用作连系动词,其意为“似乎,好像”,其后的表语可以是:
【典例分析】
1.The man ______________ (appear), and he never came back.
2.We care so much about our _______________ (appear).
3.She is a TV hostess and she appears on TV every night.(选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)
A. takes on B. shows up C. looks up
4.一条蛇突然出现在农民面前,咬了他。
A snake suddenly _________in front of the farmer and bit him.
5.那些云似乎不久会消失的。
The clouds will ___________ ___________ __________.
6.I was surprised that Jim____________ at the party. I heard he went to America last year.
A. won B. appeared C. stopped D. ordered
要点9
lead的用法
(1)作为及物动词,意为“领导;率领;(过)某种生活”。
常用于以下表达中:
①lead sb.to do sth.,意为“带领某人去做某事”。
Our coach led us to beat Class 1 in the basketball match.
我们教练带领我们在篮球赛中击败了一班。
lead a happy life,意为“过上幸福的生活”。
The young couple led a happy life from then on.
从那时起,这对年轻的夫妇过上了幸福的生活。
(2)作为不及物动词,意为“通向”,常用于lead to sp.,意为“通往某地”。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。
【典例分析】
1.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。
My father_________ me __________ people in trouble.
2.这条路通向旅馆。
This road _____________ the hotel.
3. 他的勤奋导致他的成功。
His hard work _________his success.
4.在下一届选举中谁将领导这个政党?
Who will _________the party in the next election?
5.王先生领着我们走出了森林。
Mr. Wang _______ us _____out of the forest.
要点10
in front of…
in front of… 在…(范围之外的) 前面
in the front of… 在…(范围之内的) 前部
【典例分析】
1.我站在你们的前面.
I’m standing _________________you.
2.我站在教室的前面.
I’m standing ________________ the classroom.
3.你前面的那个男孩是谁?
Who is the boy ________________ you
4.The library is _______ the classroom.
A. next B. in front C. in the front of D. next to
要点11
between是一个介词,常和and连用,构成短语between…and…,表示“在……和……之间”,用于两者之间。
between和among 的区别
between指在两者之间。 among指在三者或三者以上的之间。
例如:between the post office and the market
【典例分析】
1.A book is _______ a pen _______ a computer.
A. in; and B. between; and C. in; or D. between; or
2.He is the tallest _________the students in our class.
A.among B. between C. in
要点12
arrive, reach, get
arrive 不及物动词,意为“到达”,后常接介词in或at,in后接大地方如国家、省、市,at后接小地方。如村庄,广场,建筑物等 后若是地点副词(here,there,home),则不需要用介词。 We can arrive in Beijing this afternoon. 今天下午我们能够到达北京。 He arrives at the bus stop at 8 o'clock every morning. 他每天早晨8点到达公共汽车站。 I arrive/get home at 4: 00 in the afternoon. 我下午4点到家。
reach 及物动词,reach+地点 How did your father reach his office 你爸爸是如何到达他的办公室的
get 不及物动词, get to+地点名词 后若是地点副词(here,there,home),则不需要用介词。 We get to school at 8: 00 every morning. 我们每天早晨8点到校。
【典例分析】
1.My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.
A. arrived B. got C. reached D. appeared
2. Jim has _________ China for two years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived in D. been in
3.Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning.
A. reach to B. get to C. arrive at D. go
4. When did your uncle ___ in Shanghai
A. arrive B. get C. reach D. arrived
要点13
(1)had better(常缩写为'd better),意为“最好做”,用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法如下:
①had better do sth. 意为“最好做某事”。
②had better not do sth. 意为“最好不做某事”。
【典例分析】
1. You'd better ________ late for school again.
A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be
2.You had better ________ hair tomorrow. It's too long.
A.cut you B.cut your C.not cut you D.not cut your
3. 你最好不要把孩子单独留在家里。
You _________ _______ _________ __________ your child alone at home.
4.你最好不要制造噪音。
You __________ __________ __________ _________ noise.
5.你最好不要走路去,太远了.
__________ ___________ ___________ ___________ there , it’s too far away .
【重点短语】
1.带领某人到__________________
2.入睡__________________
3.醒来 __________________
4.排在某人的帮助下__________________
5.趴下 __________________
6.过来,顺便来访__________________
7.感到骄傲 __________________
8.在…和…之间 __________________
9. 一..….就__________________
10.救了某人的命__________________
11. 向某人道歉__________________
12. 照顾;照看__________________
【重点句式】
1. 一天,约翰·丹瑟和查利到达一家旅馆。(arrive at)
One day, John Dancer and Charlie arrived at a hotel.
2. 欢迎您的入住,但是很抱歉我们不允许宠物进入。(allow)
You,re welcome to stay, but I,m sorry that we don,t allow pets here.
3. 接待员道歉并把约翰和查利带到他们的房间。(apologize; lead to)
The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room.
4. 约翰很累,很快他就睡着了。(fall asleep)
John was very tired. He soon fell asleep.
5. 过了一会儿,查利开始吠叫。(start doing)
Some time later, Charlie started barking.
6. 约翰醒来并闻到了烟味。(wake up)
John woke up and smelt smoke.
7. 在查利的帮助下,约翰把几条湿毛巾沿着门底下(的缝隙)塞好。(with one’s help)
With Charlie’s help, John put some wet towels along the bottom of the door.
8. 然后他紧挨着查利趴在地上,等待救援。(get down)
Then he got down on the floor next to Charlie and waited.
(
知识要点二、语法
)
一、反身代词构词法
数 人称
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
a. 作动词或介词的宾语。
b. 作主语或宾语的同位语。
C. 含有反身代词的常见短语:
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学
talk / say to oneself 自言自语think
of oneself 考虑自己
help oneself to … 请随便吃点……
lose oneself in … 沉迷于……
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
introduce oneself 介绍自己
make oneself at home 别拘束;随便
hurt oneself 伤到自己
【典例分析】
一、用适当的反身代词或介词完成句子
1. My friends had a nice time in London. They enjoyed ________________ very much.
2. He never thinks about others. He only thinks about __________.
3. She makes all her clothes __________.
4. Simon, did you paint the room __________
5. We cleaned the room ______________.
6.Help ____________ (you) to some vegetables, Jim and Jack.
7. Bad luck! I cut _______ with a knife yesterday.
二、介词
1.方位介词用法
(1)In 表示在……的里面。
如:in the class;in the desk. 注意:在书上,在图画上,虽然我们中文说的是“上”,但英文表达中都需要用 in the book;in the picture.
(2).On 表示在……的上面;通常是与物体接触的上面。
如:on the desk;on the table.
(3).behind 表示在……的后面。
如: behind the door;behind the wall,指的是在整个物体的后面,有时有藏在后面的意思。
如果指在物体内部的后面,表示在……的后部,则不用这个词。
(4).In front of / in the front of表示在……的前面。
注意:加the的短语表示在一个物体内部的前面。
如:he teacher is teaching in the front of the classroom.
(5)in the tree/ on the tree都可以表示在树上。
但如果是长在树上的东西,用介词on,而如果不是树上本身长的东西则用in。
如:There is an apple on the tree. There is a bird in the tree.
(6)in the middle of 在……的中间/中心。
如:There is a boat in the middle of the river.
(7)under 表示在某物垂直的正下方,两者之间不接触。
例如: under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下
(8)above在……上方,高于……;below在……下方,低于……, below和above互为反义词。如:
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
(9) next to紧靠着; beside / by / near在旁边;在附近。如:
The little girl sat next to her mother. 小女孩紧挨着妈妈坐着。
(10) between 在两者之间; among 在……(三者及以上)之间。如:
He is standing between you and me. 他站在你我之间。
He is standing among us. 他站在我们之间。
(11)over在……上方;under在……下方,under和over互为反义词。如:
There is a light over the desk. 书桌上方有一盏灯。
【典例分析】
一、从方框中选择合适的介词或介词短语填空
for;with;about;of;next to;on; in front of;behind;in;like with between
1. This is a photo _____________ Ben's friends.
2. What can I do ____________ you
3. I like books ___________ many pictures.
4. What's the weather __________ in Hangzhou
5. Jim is American. What ___________ you
6. There is an apple tree __________ my house.
7. There are some bags ___________ the door.
8. Class Five is __________ Class Six.
9. —Where are my books —They are _________ the box.
10. There is a map of China ____________ the wall.
11.The woman __________ big eyes is Lingling's mother.
12. He sits__________ Kate and Tom
二、根据后面汉语提示填写方位词
1.My books are _______the table. 我的书在桌子上。
2.My pen is __________the bag. 我的笔在包里。
3.There are some trees _______________our classroom. 我们教室前面有一些树。
4.There is a cat _________the door. 门后面有一只猫。
5.My mum’s parents are___________________.我妈妈的父母在左边。
6.Lucy sit _____________________. Lucy坐在我的右边。
7.There is a library ___________ sports hall __________dining hall.图书馆在体育馆和饭堂之间
8.I sit ___________________________of the classroom.我坐在教室的中间
三、根据句意,用正确的反身代词完成句子或对话。
1. Those girls enjoyed___________ (they) at the park yesterday.
2. The film___________ (it) is very funny.
3. — Does your mother teach you Maths
—No, I teach_________ (I).
4. My father will repair the car by_________ (he).
5. She is looking at_________ (she) in the mirror.
(
知识要点三、书面表达
)
【话题分析】
本单元的话题是“Our animal friends”,介绍的是一则盲人与导盲犬从火灾中互助逃生的故事,加深了动物是人类最好的朋友。而本单元的写作部分则是根据提供信息,完成一则狗狗对人类帮助的英文短文。
写作可以从这几个方面展开:
1、你最喜欢的动物是什么
2、它有什么特征
3、你为什么喜欢它
4、你的个人感受
拓展
在这话题下要学会故事的写作模式:
1.事件发生的时间:when
2.事件发生的人物: who
3.事件发生的地点: where
4.事件发生的过程:what how
5.事件发生的结果:
【短语积累】
1. 照顾____________ 2. 独自__________
3. 对…友善 ______________ 4. 在…的帮助下 ____________
5. 带领、引领______________ 6. 日常生活________________
三、重点句型
【句式积累】
1. 在Tina的帮助下,我通过了考试。
2. Jim的行为(behaviors)使他妈妈很伤心。
3. 我们应该善待动物。
4. 这位好心人带领盲人过马路。
5. 蔬菜对我们的健康很有帮助。
【实战演练】
话题三 我们的动物朋友
Dogs Can Be Helpful
请以“Dogs Can Be Helpful”为题写一篇英文短文,词数80词左右。应包括以下信息点:
1.狗一直以来都是人类的好朋友。现在,它们不仅仅是宠物,更是家庭的一员。
2.狗在很多方面帮助人们:
a. 有了狗狗的陪伴,现在又很多独居老人不再感到孤独。
b. 狗是孩子们的朋友,能使孩子们快乐。
c. 警犬可以帮助警察找到东西并抓获坏人。
d. 导盲犬能帮助盲人生活与出行。
3. 我们应该善待它们并照顾好它们。
Dogs Can Be Helpful
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21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Our animal friends
单元小结 (
知识目录
)
学习目标:本单元谈论我们的动物朋友。能掌握描述动物的单词及句式,能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标:学习反身代词和方位介词的用法。
听说目标:能听懂并介绍某个动物小短文,能简单介绍一个小动物。
写作目标:学会写一个小故事。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 helpful的用法 练习
要点2 mean的用法 练习
要点3 allow用法 练习
要点4 apologize的用法 练习
要点5 finally的用法 练习
要点6 some time, sometime, sometimes, some times区别 练习
要点 7 act用法 练习
要点8 appear的用法 练习
要点9 lead的用法 练习
要点10 in front of和in the front of的用法 练习
要点11 between的用法 练习
要点12arrive,get, reach的区别 练习
要点13 had better的用法 练习
要点14重点短语 15
要点15 重点句式 16
知识要点二、语法
要点1反身代词和方位介词的用法 17
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 21
要点2 词汇短语积累 21
要点3句式积累 22
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句。
)要点4实战演练 22
【精讲精练】
要点 1:helpful
(1)helpful adj. 有帮助的; 有用的 be helpful to 对。。。有帮助
(2)unhelpful adj. 无用的
(3)helpless adj. 无助的
help为动词,意为“帮助”,常用的句式有:
help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人
例如:
I helped her (to) find the bus stop. 我帮她找到了公共汽车站。
Mr. Li often helps us with our English. 李老师经常帮我们学习英语。
拓展:help也可作名词,意为“帮助”,常用结构“with one’s help/with the help of…”意为“在的帮助下”。
例如:
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
With the help of my friends, I finished the work very fast.
在朋友们的帮助下,我很快完成了工作。
With the teacher’s help, we passed the exam.
在老师的帮助下,我们通过了考试。
help yourself/yourselves to...“请随便吃/喝……”。
Help yourselves to some apples,boys and girls.
孩子们,请随便吃苹果。
【典例分析】
1.用help的适当变化填空
1)He is _________ (help). I can’t finish the work on time without him.
2)With his _________(help), I can finish the work on time.
3)The girl couldn’t find her mother and she felt _________(help).
4)This book is _________ (help). I can learn nothing from it.
【答案】1.helpful 有帮助的。形容词 2.help with one’s help 在某人帮助下
3.helpless adj. 无助的 4. unhelpful adj. 无用的
1.Bill does well in English now ________ the help of his teacher.
A.to B.with C.under
【答案】B 此题考查固定搭配。with the help of sb.“在某人的帮助下”。
2. Help ______ to some desserts and fruit, Julie and Marc!
—Thank you!
A.you B.your C.yourself D.yourselves
【答案】D 此题考查固定搭配。help oneself to“请随便吃/喝……”。因Julie and Marc是两个人,所以用yourselves。故选D。
3. I often help my mother________ housework after school.
A. do B. doing C. to doing D. does
【答案】A本题考查固定搭配。help sb. (to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事。故选A。
要点2 mean
mean的用法
(1)作为动词,意为“意思是;意为着”。 常用于:
①mean doing sth. 意为“意味着做某事”
Missing the bus means waiting for another half an hour.
错过了这班公交车意为着再等另外半个小时。
②mean to do sth. 意为“原本打算做某事”
My family meant to go for a picnic today, but it rained heavily suddenly.
我的家人本打算今天出去野餐的,但是突然下起了大雨。
③What does/do...mean 意为“……是什么意思?”,相当于What’s the meaning of... 。
What does the underlined word mean in Chinese
=What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Chinese
拓展
1)过去式:meant 过去分词:meant 第三人称单数:means
(2)mean adj. 吝啬的;小气的;刻薄的
(3) meaning n. 意义;含义;意图
(4)meaningful adj. 有意义的;意味深长的
【典例分析】
1.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1) —What does the red light ________(mean)
—It means ________(stop).
2)The word has two different ________(mean).
3)We should make our life _____________ (mean).
4)We should find out the _________ (mean) of our life.
5)We should know what this word _________ (mean).
【答案】1)mean stopping 2)meanings 3)meaningful 4)meaning 5)means
2.翻译句子
1)我昨天本来打算来看你的,但是发生了一些事情。
【答案】I meant to come to see you yesterday, but sth happened to me.
2)错过这辆火车(missing this train)意味着你得再等―小时。
【答案】Missing this train means waiting for another hour.
3)这个标志(sign)表示此路不通(be blocked)。
【答案】The sign means that the road is blocked.
4)要那个单词是什么意思?
【答案】What does that word mean
=What's the meaning of that word?
5)在我心里,红色意味着好运。
【答案】 In my mind, red means good luck.
3. Do you mean him the letter
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
【答案】C
【解析】固定搭配。mean sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事,故选C。
要点3:allow
allow作为及物动词,意为“允许,准许”,后接动名词做宾语,通常不接不定式,allow doing sth“允许做某事”常用结构如下:
(1)allow doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(3)allow sb. sth. 让某人拥有某物(尤指钱或时间)
(4)allow + that ... 承认……
【典例分析】
1. Drivers shouldn't be allowed___________ after drinking,or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. drove
【答案】C。allow sb to do 允许某人做某事。其被动形式。Be allowed to do sth. 故答案选C。
2. We don’t allow ________ in the library.
A . make B. making C. to make D. made
【答案】B。allow doing sth. 允许做某事。故答案选B
3.My mother ______us ______TV after we finished our homework.
A. allow; watch B. allow; watching C. allowed; to watch D. allowed; watching
【答案】C解析:句意: 我们做完作业后,妈妈允许我们看电视。根据 after we finished our homework,可知时态是一般过去时,allow sb to do,固定搭配,允许某人做某事,故选C。
4.Our teacher doesn’t allow us ________ our mobile phone to school.
A. bring B.to bring C. bringing D. brought
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我们的老师不允许我们把手机带到学校。
本题考查固定用法。A. bring动词原形;B. to bring动词不定式;C. bringing 动名词或现在分词;D. brought过去式或过去分词。根据固定用法allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事;准许某人做某事。可知,此空故填to bring。故选B。
5. 我父母不允许我晚上出去。
My parents don't _______ _______ ________go out at night.
=I ________ _________ _________ ________go out at night by my parents.
【答案】allow me to am not allowed to
要点 4:apologize
apologize v. 道歉
apologize v. 道歉。 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
apology n. 道歉
make an apology to sb. = apologize to sb. = say sorry to sb.向某人道歉
I apologize for being late. 我为迟到道歉。
We received a letter of apology. 我们收到了一封致歉信。
【典例分析】
1. If he knows he was wrong, I will accept his _______ (apologize).
2.You should apologize to him. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)
A. say hello B. say sorry C. say yes
3.He apologized ____ Mary____ being rude to her.
A. to; to B. for; to C. to; for
【答案】1.apology 道歉 名词。 2. B apologize to sb. = say sorry to sb向某人道歉.
3.C apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
要点 5:finally
finally adv. 最后;终于
(1)final adj. 最后的 n. 决赛
(2)finally=at last=in the end 最后
【典例分析】
1.最后,他成功了。(完成句子)
_________, he made it.
=________ ________, he made it.
=_______ ________ ________, he made it.
【答案】1.Finally, At last, In the end
2.从final和finally中选词填空
① , close the door and leave the room.
②This is our ______________ exam.
【答案】1.finally 副词,修饰句子。 2,final 形容词修饰名词。
3.After nine years' work,finally his dream came true.(同义替换)
A.at the end of B.at the moment C.at once D.at last
【答案】finally最后,终于。与at last 是同义词。答案选D。
要点6 some time
some time意为“一些时间”。
sometimes 频度副词 有时 表示动作发生的不经常性,多与一般现在时连用,它可位于句首、句中或句末,对它提问用how often。
some times 名词短语 几次;几倍 其中time是可数名词,对它提问用how many times。
sometime 副词 某个时候 表示某个不确切或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时,对它提问用when。
some time 名词短语 一段时间 表示"一段时间",句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long。
Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。
I have read the story some times. 这个故事我读了好几遍。
I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. 下周的某个时间我要去上海。
I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。
【典例分析】
1. I need to spend _____________doing my homework. So I can’t go with you.
A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我需要花点时间做作业。所以我不能和你一起去。Some time 一段时间,符合句意。
2.________ my mother goes to work by bus.
A.Sometime B.Some time C.Sometimes D.At time
【解析】C
【解析】此题用正确把握语境法。根据此句的句意“________我妈妈乘公交车上班。”可知,只有sometimes“有时候”符合句子的语境。
3. Usually, Sally has noodles for breakfast. ________she has hamburgers.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some times D. Some time
【答案】A
【解析】句意:通常,萨莉早餐吃面条。有时她吃汉堡包。考查副词辨析题。本句缺副词状语,CD选项都是名词短语,不可做状语,可排除。sometimes有时,表频率;sometime在某时,表不确定时间。根据句意语境,可知sometime不合句意,故选A。
4. I hope I will go to the Moon _________. I also hope this day will come soon.
A. Sometimes B. Sometime C. Some times D. Some time
【答案】B
【解析】Sometime 某时,可以用于一般过去时态,也可以用于将来时态中。表示某个时候,有朝一日等意思。句意:我希望有一天我能去月球。我也希望这一天会很快到来。
5. Maybe our English teacher will ask us to finish the homework______ today, but I guess he will forget it______ because he is too busy.
A. sometime; some times B. sometime; sometimes
C. some time; sometime D. sometimes; some time
【答案】B
【解析】句意:也许我们的英语老师今天会要求我们某个时候完成作业,但我想他有时会忘了,因为他太忙了。答案B符合题意。
要点7
act v. 扮演(角色)
She acted in her first movie when she was 13 years old.
当她13岁时,她出演了她的第一部电影。
【知识拓展】
act的各种形式
act n. 行动v. 行动;扮演(角色) We must act now. 我们必须现在行动。
action n. 行动,行为 He took strong action. 他采取了强硬行动。
actor/actress n. 男/女演员 an actor/actress 一个男/女演员
active adj. 积极的 take an active part in 积极参与
actively adv. 积极地 She was actively looking for a job. 她正在积极地找工作。
activity n. 活动 outdoor activities 户外活动
act out 将……表演出来
act as充当 act for代表某人行事
【典例分析】
1. The boy is going to be an __________(act) when he grows up.
【答案】actor 演员。名词。
2.What’s your favourite movie I like watching__________(act) movies best.
【答案】action 行动,行为 名词。
3. Although he is over 80, he is still very__________.
【答案】active.积极的。形容词。
4.The___________ at the school include sports and dances.
【答案】activities活动.名词。
5.Think well before you __________.
【答案】act 行动.动词
6. We should take __________ to protect our environment.
【答案】take action 采取行动。
7. He always thinks__________ in class, so he has good grades in his all subjects.
【答案】actively.副词。
要点 8:appear
appear v. 出现
appearance 外貌,外观;出现,露面
disappear v. 消失
appear用作连系动词,其意为“似乎,好像”,其后的表语可以是:
【典例分析】
1.The man ______________ (appear), and he never came back.
2.We care so much about our _______________ (appear).
3.She is a TV hostess and she appears on TV every night.(选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)
A. takes on B. shows up C. looks up
【解析】1.appeared 动词。出现。 2. appearance 名词,外貌,外观 3.B show up出现
4.一条蛇突然出现在农民面前,咬了他。
A snake suddenly _________in front of the farmer and bit him.
【答案】appeared
5.那些云似乎不久会消失的。
The clouds will ___________ ___________ __________.
【答案】appear to disappear
6.I was surprised that Jim____________ at the party. I heard he went to America last year.
A. won B. appeared C. stopped D. ordered
【答案】 B
【解析】句意:我很惊奇吉姆出现在聚会上,我听说他去年去美国了。win赢;获胜;appear出现;stop停止;order命令;订购。根据句意,故答案为B。
要点9
lead的用法
(1)作为及物动词,意为“领导;率领;(过)某种生活”。
常用于以下表达中:
①lead sb.to do sth.,意为“带领某人去做某事”。
Our coach led us to beat Class 1 in the basketball match.
我们教练带领我们在篮球赛中击败了一班。
lead a happy life,意为“过上幸福的生活”。
The young couple led a happy life from then on.
从那时起,这对年轻的夫妇过上了幸福的生活。
(2)作为不及物动词,意为“通向”,常用于lead to sp.,意为“通往某地”。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。
【典例分析】
1.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。
My father_________ me __________ people in trouble.
【答案】leads to help. lead sb.to do sth.,意为“带领某人去做某事”
2.这条路通向旅馆。
This road _____________ the hotel.
【答案】leads to lead to 意为“通向”
3. 他的勤奋导致他的成功。
His hard work _________his success.
【答案】lead s to lead to 意为“导致”
4.在下一届选举中谁将领导这个政党?
Who will _________the party in the next election?
【答案】lead
5.王先生领着我们走出了森林。
Mr. Wang _______ us _____out of the forest.
【答案】led to
要点10
in front of…
in front of… 在…(范围之外的) 前面
in the front of… 在…(范围之内的) 前部
【典例分析】
1.我站在你们的前面.
I’m standing _________________you.
【点拨】in front of 在…(范围之外的) 前面
2.我站在教室的前面.
I’m standing ________________ the classroom.
【点拨】in the front of 在…(范围之内的) 前部.
3.你前面的那个男孩是谁?
Who is the boy ________________ you
【点拨】in front of 在…(范围之外的) 前面
4.The library is _______ the classroom.
A. next B. in front C. in the front of D. next to
【点拨】D句意:图书馆挨着教室。in the front of,在内部的前面。next to,挨着,图书馆不可能在教室内部,故答案是D。
要点11
between是一个介词,常和and连用,构成短语between…and…,表示“在……和……之间”,用于两者之间。
between和among 的区别
between指在两者之间。 among指在三者或三者以上的之间。
例如:between the post office and the market
【典例分析】
1.A book is _______ a pen _______ a computer.
A. in; and B. between; and C. in; or D. between; or
【点拨】B句意:一本书在钢笔和计算机间。between...and,在……和……之间,固定搭配,故选B。
2.He is the tallest _________the students in our class.
A.among B. between C. in
【点拨】句意:在我们班学生中他个头最高。among指在三者或三者以上的之间。
要点12
arrive, reach, get
arrive 不及物动词,意为“到达”,后常接介词in或at,in后接大地方如国家、省、市,at后接小地方。如村庄,广场,建筑物等 后若是地点副词(here,there,home),则不需要用介词。 We can arrive in Beijing this afternoon. 今天下午我们能够到达北京。 He arrives at the bus stop at 8 o'clock every morning. 他每天早晨8点到达公共汽车站。 I arrive/get home at 4: 00 in the afternoon. 我下午4点到家。
reach 及物动词,reach+地点 How did your father reach his office 你爸爸是如何到达他的办公室的
get 不及物动词, get to+地点名词 后若是地点副词(here,there,home),则不需要用介词。 We get to school at 8: 00 every morning. 我们每天早晨8点到校。
【典例分析】
1.My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.
A. arrived B. got C. reached D. appeared
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。A. arrived是不及物动词,后接宾语时要用介词at或in;B. got是不及物动词,后接宾语时要用介词to;C. reached是及物动词,后直接接宾语;D. appeared出现。句子My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.中的the airport前,没有任何介词,因此用动词reach。语境是:我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。故选C。
2. Jim has _________ China for two years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived in D. been in
【答案】D
【解析】arrive in 到达。非延续性动词。不能于一段时间连用。
3.Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning.
A. reach to B. get to C. arrive at D. go
【答案】B
【解析】句意:苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。A. reach是及物动词,后直接接宾语,不需要要to;B. get是不及物动词,后接宾语时要用介词to;C. arrive是不及物动词,后接宾语时要用介词at或in;达到Beijing 用in D. go后面跟宾语要用to。句子Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning. 中的Beijing前,没有任何介词,因此用动词reach。语境是:苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。故选A。
4. When did your uncle ___ in Shanghai
A. arrive B. get C. reach D. arrived
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你叔叔什么时候到上海的?A. arrive“到达”,与介词in/at连用;B. get“得到”,与to连用是到达的意思;C. reach“到达”,及物动词,不与介词连用。由句意可知选A。
要点13
(1)had better(常缩写为'd better),意为“最好做”,用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法如下:
①had better do sth. 意为“最好做某事”。
②had better not do sth. 意为“最好不做某事”。
【典例分析】
1. You'd better ________ late for school again.
A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你最好不要再上学迟到了。短语had better (not) do sth.:最好(不)做某事;结合选项和句意可知选B。
2.You had better ________ hair tomorrow. It's too long.
A.cut you B.cut your C.not cut you D.not cut your
【答案】B
【解析】句意:你最好明天剪头发,它太长了。
根据It's too long 可知是剪头发,排除C/D;had better最好,可看作是情态动词,用于一切人称,没有词形变化,后接不带to的不定式,,意思是最好做某事;根据hair可知用形容词性的物主代词来修饰;故选B。
3. 你最好不要把孩子单独留在家里。
You _________ _______ _________ __________ your child alone at home.
【答案】had better not leave
4.你最好不要制造噪音。
You __________ __________ __________ _________ noise.
【答案】had better not make
5.你最好不要走路去,太远了.
__________ ___________ ___________ ___________ there , it’s too far away .
【答案】You’d better not walk (注意空和缩写)
【重点短语】
1.带领某人到__________________
2.入睡__________________
3.醒来 __________________
4.排在某人的帮助下__________________
5.趴下 __________________
6.过来,顺便来访__________________
7.感到骄傲 __________________
8.在…和…之间 __________________
9. 一..….就__________________
10.救了某人的命__________________
11. 向某人道歉__________________
12. 照顾;照看__________________
【答案】1.lead sb to….. 2.fall asleep 3.wake up 4.with one’s help 5.get down 6.come over 7.feel proud of 8.between…and 9.as soon as 10.save one’s life 11.apologize to sb 12.look after
【重点句式】
1. 一天,约翰·丹瑟和查利到达一家旅馆。(arrive at)
One day, John Dancer and Charlie arrived at a hotel.
2. 欢迎您的入住,但是很抱歉我们不允许宠物进入。(allow)
You,re welcome to stay, but I,m sorry that we don,t allow pets here.
3. 接待员道歉并把约翰和查利带到他们的房间。(apologize; lead to)
The receptionist apologized and led John and Charlie to their room.
4. 约翰很累,很快他就睡着了。(fall asleep)
John was very tired. He soon fell asleep.
5. 过了一会儿,查利开始吠叫。(start doing)
Some time later, Charlie started barking.
6. 约翰醒来并闻到了烟味。(wake up)
John woke up and smelt smoke.
7. 在查利的帮助下,约翰把几条湿毛巾沿着门底下(的缝隙)塞好。(with one’s help)
With Charlie’s help, John put some wet towels along the bottom of the door.
8. 然后他紧挨着查利趴在地上,等待救援。(get down)
Then he got down on the floor next to Charlie and waited.
(
知识要点二、语法
)
一、反身代词构词法
数 人称
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
a. 作动词或介词的宾语。
b. 作主语或宾语的同位语。
C. 含有反身代词的常见短语:
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
by oneself 独自
teach oneself 自学
talk / say to oneself 自言自语think
of oneself 考虑自己
help oneself to … 请随便吃点……
lose oneself in … 沉迷于……
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
introduce oneself 介绍自己
make oneself at home 别拘束;随便
hurt oneself 伤到自己
【典例分析】
一、用适当的反身代词或介词完成句子
1. My friends had a nice time in London. They enjoyed ________________ very much.
2. He never thinks about others. He only thinks about __________.
3. She makes all her clothes __________.
4. Simon, did you paint the room __________
5. We cleaned the room ______________.
6.Help ____________ (you) to some vegetables, Jim and Jack.
7. Bad luck! I cut _______ with a knife yesterday.
【答案】1. themselves 2.himself 3.herself 4.yourself 5.ourselves 6.yourselves 7.myself
二、介词
1.方位介词用法
(1)In 表示在……的里面。
如:in the class;in the desk. 注意:在书上,在图画上,虽然我们中文说的是“上”,但英文表达中都需要用 in the book;in the picture.
(2).On 表示在……的上面;通常是与物体接触的上面。
如:on the desk;on the table.
(3).behind 表示在……的后面。
如: behind the door;behind the wall,指的是在整个物体的后面,有时有藏在后面的意思。
如果指在物体内部的后面,表示在……的后部,则不用这个词。
(4).In front of / in the front of表示在……的前面。
注意:加the的短语表示在一个物体内部的前面。
如:he teacher is teaching in the front of the classroom.
(5)in the tree/ on the tree都可以表示在树上。
但如果是长在树上的东西,用介词on,而如果不是树上本身长的东西则用in。
如:There is an apple on the tree. There is a bird in the tree.
(6)in the middle of 在……的中间/中心。
如:There is a boat in the middle of the river.
(7)under 表示在某物垂直的正下方,两者之间不接触。
例如: under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下
(8)above在……上方,高于……;below在……下方,低于……, below和above互为反义词。如:
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞。
(9) next to紧靠着; beside / by / near在旁边;在附近。如:
The little girl sat next to her mother. 小女孩紧挨着妈妈坐着。
(10) between 在两者之间; among 在……(三者及以上)之间。如:
He is standing between you and me. 他站在你我之间。
He is standing among us. 他站在我们之间。
(11)over在……上方;under在……下方,under和over互为反义词。如:
There is a light over the desk. 书桌上方有一盏灯。
【典例分析】
一、从方框中选择合适的介词或介词短语填空
for;with;about;of;next to;on; in front of;behind;in;like with between
1. This is a photo _____________ Ben's friends.
2. What can I do ____________ you
3. I like books ___________ many pictures.
4. What's the weather __________ in Hangzhou
5. Jim is American. What ___________ you
6. There is an apple tree __________ my house.
7. There are some bags ___________ the door.
8. Class Five is __________ Class Six.
9. —Where are my books —They are _________ the box.
10. There is a map of China ____________ the wall.
11.The woman __________ big eyes is Lingling's mother.
12. He sits__________ Kate and Tom
【点拨】1. of 2. for 3. with 4. like 5. about 6. in front of 7. behind 8. next to
9. in 10. on 11.with 12.between
二、根据后面汉语提示填写方位词
1.My books are _______the table. 我的书在桌子上。
【点拨】on。表示在……的上面;通常是与物体接触的上面。
2.My pen is __________the bag. 我的笔在包里。
【点拨】in In 表示在……的里面。
3.There are some trees _______________our classroom. 我们教室前面有一些树。
【点拨】In front of表示在……的前面(外部)。
4.There is a cat _________the door. 门后面有一只猫。
【点拨】behind表示在……的后面。
5.My mum’s parents are___________________.我妈妈的父母在左边。
【点拨】on the left
6.Lucy sit _____________________. Lucy坐在我的右边。
【点拨】on the right
7.There is a library ___________ sports hall __________dining hall.图书馆在体育馆和饭堂之间
【点拨】between and between是一个介词,常和and连用,构成短语between…and…,表示“在……和……之间”,用于两者之间。
8.I sit ___________________________of the classroom.我坐在教室的中间
【点拨】in the middle
三、根据句意,用正确的反身代词完成句子或对话。
1. Those girls enjoyed___________ (they) at the park yesterday.
【答案】themselves
【解析】昨天那些女孩在公园玩得很开心。反身代词作宾语。
2. The film___________ (it) is very funny.
【答案】itself
【解析】这部电影本身很有趣。反身代词做主语同位语。
3. — Does your mother teach you Maths
—No, I teach_________ (I).
【答案】myself
【解析】-你妈妈教你数学吗? -不,我自学。反身代词作宾语。
4. My father will repair the car by_________ (he).
【答案】himself
【解析】我父亲将独自修理汽车。by himself 独自地
5. She is looking at_________ (she) in the mirror.
【答案】herself
【解析】她正在照镜子。反身代词作宾语。
(
知识要点三、书面表达
)
【话题分析】
本单元的话题是“Our animal friends”,介绍的是一则盲人与导盲犬从火灾中互助逃生的故事,加深了动物是人类最好的朋友。而本单元的写作部分则是根据提供信息,完成一则狗狗对人类帮助的英文短文。
写作可以从这几个方面展开:
1、你最喜欢的动物是什么
2、它有什么特征
3、你为什么喜欢它
4、你的个人感受
拓展
在这话题下要学会故事的写作模式:
1.事件发生的时间:when
2.事件发生的人物: who
3.事件发生的地点: where
4.事件发生的过程:what how
5.事件发生的结果:
【短语积累】
1. 照顾____________ 2. 独自__________
3. 对…友善 ______________ 4. 在…的帮助下 ____________
5. 带领、引领______________ 6. 日常生活________________
【答案】1.take care of 2.by oneself 3.be kind to 4.with one’s help 5.lead to 6.daily life
三、重点句型
【句式积累】
1. 在Tina的帮助下,我通过了考试。
【答案】 with Tina’s help, I passed the exam.
2. Jim的行为(behaviors)使他妈妈很伤心。
【答案】Jim’s behaviors made his mother very sad.
3. 我们应该善待动物。
【答案】we should be friendly to animals.
4. 这位好心人带领盲人过马路。
【答案】The kind-hearted man led the blind to cross the road.
5. 蔬菜对我们的健康很有帮助。
【答案】Vegetables are helpful for our health.
【实战演练】
话题三 我们的动物朋友
Dogs Can Be Helpful
请以“Dogs Can Be Helpful”为题写一篇英文短文,词数80词左右。应包括以下信息点:
1.狗一直以来都是人类的好朋友。现在,它们不仅仅是宠物,更是家庭的一员。
2.狗在很多方面帮助人们:
a. 有了狗狗的陪伴,现在又很多独居老人不再感到孤独。
b. 狗是孩子们的朋友,能使孩子们快乐。
c. 警犬可以帮助警察找到东西并抓获坏人。
d. 导盲犬能帮助盲人生活与出行。
3. 我们应该善待它们并照顾好它们。
Dogs Can Be Helpful
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Dogs are always good friends of human beings. Now, they are not just our pets, but they are also our family members. Dogs are helpful to us in many ways. With dogs’ help, many old people living by themselves will not
fell lonely. Dogs are kids' friends and make them happy. The police dogs can help the police find things and catch bad people. The guide dogs take care of blind people in their daily life and lead them to the place they want to go. We should be kind to dogs and take good care of them.
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