牛津深圳版七年级下 5.11 Unit 5 单元小结(原卷版+解析版)

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名称 牛津深圳版七年级下 5.11 Unit 5 单元小结(原卷版+解析版)
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更新时间 2023-02-28 14:23:48

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 water
单元小结 (
知识目录
)
学习目标:本单元谈论水的旅行及重要用途。能掌握描述水的单词及句式,能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标:学习表达名词数量用法。
听说目标:能听懂并介绍水的小短文。
写作目标:学会用first,next ,then, finally来描述一个过程。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 on的用法 练习
要点2 drop的用法 练习
要点3 a bit用法和a little区别 练习
要点4 journey的用法 练习
要点5 voice的用法 练习
要点6 at the end of/ in the end的用法 练习
要点 7 waste的用法 练习
要点8 remember的用法 练习
要点9 add的用法 练习
要点10 through across和over的用法 练习
要点11 valuable及短语的用法 练习
要点12 turn的用法及短语 练习
要点13重点短语 14
要点14 重点句式 15
知识要点二、语法
要点1 名词的数量 15
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 17
要点2 词汇短语积累 18
要点3句式积累 18
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句。
)要点4实战演练 18
【精讲精练】
要点 1 on
The tap was on. 水龙头开着。
The TV is on. 电视机开着。
on 表示已连接、处于工作状态或使用中
off 表示不在工作状态或使用中
Don’t keep the lights on all the time. 不要一直开着灯。
The fan is off. 风扇关着。
【典例分析】
1.Don't leave the lights________ in your room. It's too dark to see anything clearly.
A. on B. off C.in D. up
【答案】B
【解析】句意:不要让你房间里的灯关着。太暗了看不清任何东西。leave sb./sth.+adj./adv.意为“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。leave...off意为“让……关着”。由句意可知选B。
要点 2 drop
drop n. 滴
v.掉下;落下
drop, fall与sink辨异
(1)drop指物体从一定高度落下。
The fruit dropped from the tree. 果实从树上落下。
(2)fall与drop同义,指突然或猛烈地降落,但fall可指任何下落,同高度或形式无关。
If I fall down, what should I do 如果我摔倒了,我该怎么办?
(3)sink指在空气或水中垂直下降、下沉。
【典例分析】
1、我感到有两滴雨落在了我的脸颊上。
I felt _________ _________ _________ rain _________ on my face
2、桌上有一滴水。
There is________ _________ _________ _________ on the table.
3、雨从云层里滴落下来。
Rain ________ _________ from clouds.
【答案】1.a drop of dropping 2.a drop of water 3.drops down
要点3
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
二者的主要用法如下:
1. a bit 和 a little 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、 副词及其比较级, 可以换用, 表示“一点儿”。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little loudly so as to make himself heard more clearly.
演讲者把嗓音提高一点,以便使别人听得清楚。
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
2. a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, 而a bit则要在后面加of 构成短语才能作定语, 两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
There’s only a little / a bit of food left for lunch.
午餐只剩一点儿食品了
【典例分析】
1. The new student is ______ shy.
A. a little bit B. little C. a bit of D. bit
【点拨】A。a little bit 等于a little 或者a bit ,可以修饰形容词。a bit of 只能修饰不可数名词。little 和bit 都不可以修饰形容词。本题空格后是形容词shy,故选A。
用a little, a bit或a bit of填空. (1-3题)
2.He feels ________________ better today.
【点拨】a little/a bit . a bit ; a little都可以用作程度副词,修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
3.She is ________________ tired.
【点拨】a little/ a bit a bit ; a little都可以用作程度副词,修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
4.There is ________________ milk in the bottle.
【点拨】a little/a bit of a bit ; a little都可以修饰不可数名词数量,而a bit必须与of连用。
5. His younger brother feels _____________ better today.
A. more B. a bit of C. a little D. too
【点拨】C句意:他的小弟弟今天感觉有点好了。考查副词辨析。根据句中的better为形容词最高级,判断应该使用可以修饰形容词及其比较级形式的程度副词。而供选答案中只有a little可以。供选C。
6. There is ____________ water in the bottle. You can drink it.
A. a bit B. little C. a bit of D. a little of
【点拨】C句意:在瓶子里还有一点水。你可以把它喝掉。考查易混词辨析。根据句中你可以喝掉,判断瓶子里应该还有水,而供选答案中可以用来修饰不可数名词water肯定意义的只有 a bit of;a little修饰不可数名词数量不与of连用。供选C。
要点 4:journey
journey n.旅行;旅程
【辨析】journey, trip, travel与tour
(1)journey 为普通用语,指陆地上的远程旅行。
(2)trip 指有特定目的的短距离旅行,强调在路上所花的时间和所走的路程。
(3)travel 惯用复数形式,泛指到各地旅行,表示旅行的路途远、时间长。
(4)tour 指途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览。
【典例分析】
用journey, trip, travel或tour填空
1. At first I was afraid the long ___________ would be too much for her.
2. We went on a guided ___________ of Italy that included stops at Milan, Venice, Florence and Rome.
3. I go to work by train, and the ___________ takes me 40 minutes.
4. The ___________ of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.
【答案】1.journey 2.tour 3.trip 4.travels
要点5:voice
voice n. 嗓音;说话声
(1)in a low/loud voice 小声说/大声说
(2)at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地;大声地
noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音,一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。
voice 表示优美的声音,也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副优美的嗓音。
sound “声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound,该词还可以用作感官动词,意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city. 在城市你能听到各种声音。 This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。
There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his voice, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
教室外面一片嘈杂声,物理老师只得提高了声音说:“光的传播速度比声音快得多。”
【典例分析】
1.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.
A.shout  B.noise C.voice  D.sound
【答案】D
【解析】A.shout 喊声。  B.noise不好听的声音。噪音 C.voice 人的声音,
D.sound自然界所发出的声音。流动小溪的声音。故答案选D。
2. Don’t make so much _______. My baby is sleeping.
A. voice  B. sound  C. noise  D. choice
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。voice嗓音; sound声音; noise噪音; choice选择。根据句意“不要制造这么多噪音, 我的孩子在睡觉。”可知选noise。
3.用noise sound 和voice填空。
1.Don’t make any _________!
2.At midnight he heard a strange __________
3.The girl has a beautiful __________.
4.They are talking in low ___________
5.I heard the__________ of running water
6.The children often get _________(noise) in the classroom after class.
【答案】1.noise 2.sound/noise 3.voice 4.voices 5.sound 6.noisy
要点 6 at the end of
at the end of...在……的结尾;在……的末端
Children put stockings at the end of their beds before they go to sleep.
孩子们睡觉前将长筒袜放在他们的床尾。
辨析at the end of, in the end和by the end of
短语 用法 例句
at the end of 意为“在……的结尾;在……的末端”,后面常常跟表示时间、地点的名词。 Go along the road, and you'll see the school at the end of it. 沿着这条路走,你将在路的尽头看到那所学校。
in the end 意为“最后;最终”,指时间,相当于at last或finally。 He worked out the problem in the end 他最终解决了这个难题。
by the end of 意为“到……为止”,其后常跟表示时间的词,常用于完成时态。 I will have been in the company for two years by the end of this year. 到今年年底,我就在这个公司呆了两年了。  
【典例分析】
1.史密斯先生的家在这条路的尽头。
Are there any exams ___________ this term
【答案】at the end of 在……的结尾 接时间。
2.这个学期期末有考试吗?
My room is ______________ the corridor.
【答案】 at the end of 在……的末端 接地点。
3.到本学期末为止,我已经学了2000个英语单词。
__________________ this term, we_____________ 2000 English words.
【答案】By the end of have learned
4.他终走到达这条街道的尽头。
__________, he reached_________________ the street.
【答案】 In the end at the end of
4. We usually have a final exam ______________________ June every year.
A. in the end of B. at the end of C. by the end of D. to the end of
【答案】B句意:我们通常在每一年的六月底又一次期末考试。考查易混短语辨析。根据:in the end:最终,最后;强调时间顺序上的最后,强调结果一般不与of连用。at the end:在……的末端;在……的后期;既指某一段时间的后期,也指某一地点的末端。一般与of连用。by the end:到……末时为止;强调时间概念,一般也与of连用。故选B。
5.__________, He succeeded in getting the job.
A.in the end B.at the end of C.by the end of D.to the end
【答案】A句意,最后他得到这个工作。in the end:最终,最后;强调时间顺序上的最后。故答案选A
要点7 waste
(1)waste 作不可数名词,意为“浪费,废物,垃圾”。a waste of意为“浪费……”。
例如:
I hate waste. 我讨厌浪费。
It’s a waste of time. 这就是浪费时间。
(2)waste 作形容词,意为“无用的,浪费的,荒废的”。例如:
We shouldn’t throw waste paper about. 我们不应该乱扔废纸。
A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工厂正在向河里倾倒废水。
(3)waste 作及物动词,意为“浪费”。 waste time / money (in)doing / on sth. 表示“在做某事上浪费时间 / 金钱”。
Don’t waste water! 不要浪费水。
【典例分析】
1. After dinner Mum asked me to throw the _______ in the bowls in the bag on the ground.
A. fly B. waste C. sand D. scarf
【答案】B。本题考查名词辨析。fly意为“苍蝇”,waste意为“废料;废弃物”,sand 意为“沙;沙子”,scarf
意为“围巾”,结合语境可知应选B。
2.We all need a healthy environment, but we produce     every day and it is harmful to our environment.                   
A. dreams B. trouble C. problems D. waste
【答案】 D 本题考查名词辨析。句意:我们都需要一个健康的环境,但是我们每天产生垃圾,它对我们的环境有害。dream梦想;trouble麻烦;problem问题;waste垃圾。根据“它对我们的环境有害”可知选D。
3. 妈妈认为玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
Mum thinks it __________ __________ __________ __________ to play computer games.
【答案】a waste of time
4. 这条河流被从工厂流出的废物严重污染。
The river was ___________ __________ __________ __________ from the factory
【答案】badly polluted by waste
5. —The latest style of Huawei mobile phones will be on sale. I want to buy one.
—I think you shouldn’t ________ too much money on new mobile phones you don’t need.
A. waste B. put C. share D. give
【答案】A
【解析】词义辨析法。A浪费; B放; C分享; D给。结合句意“—最新款式的华为手机即将上市, 我想买一个。—我认为你不应该______太多的钱在你不需要的新手机上。”可知, 应该是“浪费”。故选A。
要点8 remember
remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事
【例句】I remember meeting her before.我记得以前见过她。
【拓展】remember to do sth.意为“记住要做某事”,表示事情尚未做。
Please remember to close the windows when you leave the room.
当你离开房间的时候,请记住关窗。
【注意】stop的用法同remember
stop doing sth.停止做某事(doing作宾语)
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事(to do表示停下来的目的,作状语)
We stopped talking .我们停止说话。
We stopped to talk.我们停下来说话。
forget v.忘记
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 (事情还没做) Don't forget to buy some fruit.别忘了买一些水果。(水果还没买)
Forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事 (事情已经做了) I forgot borrowing some money from you. 我忘了从你那儿借了一些钱了。(钱已借过)
【典例分析】
1.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
【答案】此题用固定搭配法。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”,forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事”。
2.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
【答案】borrowing forget doing sth.忘了做过某事。
3.—Do you still remember ________ Yao Ming in Beijing
—Yes, of course, three years ago.
A. to meet B. meeting
C. meet D. met
【答案】B句意:-你还记得在北京见过姚明吗?-是的,当然记得,是在三年前。to meet动词不定式,遇见;meeting动名词形式;meet遇见,动词原形;met遇见,是meet的过去式。句中谓语动词是remember意思是“记得”,常用于句型remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还没做);或者remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已经做过了)。根据对话的意思可知,这里说的是三年前的事情,是做过的事情,故应选B。
4 —Will she forget ______ dinner for us
—No, she won’t.
A.cooks B.to cook C.cooking D.cooked
【答案】B 她会忘记给我们做饭吗?forget to do sth 忘了要做某事。
要点9 add
add作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构:
(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如:
  Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如:
  Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
  把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
【典例分析】
1.如果你认为这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。
________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.
【答案】Add to
2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste better
A. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds
【答案】A
【解析】句意:如果汤里再多加点盐尝起来会更好。根据句意及题干分析此题应用被动语态,其基本结构是be+动词的过去分词,根据主将从现原则,if从句中应用一般现在时态,故选A。
3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.
A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to
【答案】B
【解析】句意“请把数字全部加起来,看看合计有多少”。add填加;add up加起来;add up to合计。根据句意,故选B。
4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.
A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他向咖啡里加了一些糖。
put…in…意为“把……放入……”;add…to…意为“向……里加……”;根据句意及固定搭配,故选B。
要点 10:through
要点9
through & across & over
through 表示“从物体内部穿过”,如穿过隧道,森林,窗户,门等;
across 表示“穿过、横穿”,强调从物体表面通过,如穿过河道,街道等;
over 表示“越过”,强调从物体上方翻越,如翻过围墙,栅栏。
through 意为“穿过,通过”,它和介词in有关,表示动作是从某一物体内部或某一空间内部通过的。其后常接forest, city等。 One day, the little girl walked alone through the forest.有一天,小女孩儿独自一人步行穿过森林。
across 意为“穿过,横过”,它和介词on有关,表示动作是从物体表面通过的。其后常接road, bridge, river等。 Go across the road and you’ll find the ABC is on your right. 穿过马路,你会发现中国农业银行在你的右手边。
over 意为“横跨,跨越”,表示从某物上方翻过。其后常接wall, fence【篱笆;围栏】等。 The thief climbed over the wall and ran away.小偷翻墙跑了。
【典例分析】
1.用through across and over填空
1).We have to walk__________ a big forest to get there.
2)Be careful when you go__________ the road.
3)He climbed ___________the wall.
【答案】1)through 2)across 3)over
2. 1.—Can a plane fly __________ the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes, but it needs to go __________ the clouds for hours.
A. across; through B. through; across
C. across; across D. through; through
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析:句意:-飞机能飞跃大西洋吗 -能,但是它得穿越好几个小时的云层.across介词,穿过(表面);through介词,穿过(内部)。所以选A。
3. The bird’s singing came into our room________ the window and woke me up in the early morning.  
A. down B. from C. through D. across
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意: 大清早, 鸟儿的叫声透过窗户传进屋子里, 把我唤醒了。down“在……下面”; from“从……”; through“透过; 穿过”; across“从表面穿过”。故选C。
4.The moonlight is shining in _________ the window. Everything in the room looks so nice.
A.over B.across C.through D.past
【答案】C
【解析】句意:月光通过窗户照射进来,房间里每件东西看上去如此美好。
考查介词的用法。over在……上面; across从表面通过; through从内部通过; past超过,根据句意是月光穿过窗户,所以用through,故选C。
5.We have to go___________ the crowds when I go to work or come back home every day.
【答案】through
6.They live _________ the Central Plaza.
【答案】across (在。。。对面)
7.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily    the windows.
A. against B. across C. above D. below
【答案】A
【解析】句意:当雨点开始猛烈地拍打窗户时,本正在帮助他的妈妈。against意为“反对,倚着”;across意为“穿过,横穿”;above意为“在……上面”;below意为“在……下面”。beat against意为“拍打”,故选A。
要点11
valuable词性形容词,意为:贵重的;很有用的;宝贵的,用作表语时,可与介词to连用,常用短语be valuable to sb.“对某人来说很有价值”。
This is a valuable painting. 这是一幅很珍贵的画。
The book is valuable to me. 这本书对我来说很有价值。
valuable adj. 有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的
用法 例句
valuable形容词意为“有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的 ” His wife put on valuable ring and necklace.
value作为名词时意为“价值”;作为动词意为“重视;珍惜” His work has no value. I value the opinion of my husband and we agree on most things.
【典例分析】
1. You’d better go to the Science Museum because there is ________ on show.
A. something valuable B. anything valuable
C. important things D. nothing special
【答案】A
【解析】句意:你最好去科学博物馆,因为那里有有价值的东西在展出。
考查不定代词。something某事,一般用于肯定句;anything任何事情,用于否定句或疑问句中;things事情;nothing 没什么事,用在肯定句中表示否定意思;valuable有价值的;important重要的;special特殊的。根据“You’d better go to the Science Museum”,可知是科学博物馆里有有价值的东西在展出,本句为肯定句,因此用something,形容词修饰不定代词应置其后;故选A。
3. Your advice is very     to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful.
A. terrible B. comfortable C. impossible D. valuable
【答案】D 
【解析】考查形容词辨析。terrible意为“可怕的”;comfortable意为“舒服的”;impossible意为“不可能的”;valuable意为“有价值的”。由下句句意“我确信我们的活动将更有意义”可知,建议非常有价值。故选D。
要点 11:
1.turn on=switch on,意为“拧开(电器);打开(水源、煤气、电源等)”。
2.turn off=switch off,意为“关掉(电器);关上(水源、煤气、电源等)”。
3.turn up 意为“调高(音量或热度)”
4.turn down 意为“调低(音量或热度)”。
5.turn… into… 使……变成……
【典例分析】
1.新闻时间到了,请打开电视机。
It’s time for the news. Please ______ _________ the TV.
2.你能把电视声音调低一点吗?
Can you _______ _______ the TV a bit
3.当你离开房间时要关灯。
_______ _______ the lights when you leave the room.
4.第二天,小溪里的水变成了褐色的水。
The water in the brook _______ ________ brown water the next day.
【答案】1.turn on 2.turn down 3.turn off 4.turns into
要点13:
continue to do sth与continue doing sth 都表示继续做某事。
dry up 干涸,用光;耗尽;把……擦干
work out 找出,想出
(be) made up of 由……组成
【典例分析】
1.I did my homework for 2 hours. After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued ___________ (do) my homework.
2.像那样花钱,你的积蓄很快就会花光的。
Your saving will _______ ________if you spend your money like that
3.我算不出这个数学题。
I can’t _______ ________ this math questions.
4.这部机器由三部分组成。
This machine _______ ________ ________ three parts.
【解析】1.to do/doing 2.dry up 3.work out 4.is made up of
【重点短语】
1.关掉 2.把……加入……
3.有点;一点 4.……的一部分
5.(父母给孩子的)零花钱 6.来自
7.捡起 8.由……组成
9.干涸 10.绰绰有余的;充裕的
11.顺便说说;顺便问问 12.变成
13.泡澡;洗澡 14.淋浴
15.代替;而不是
【答案】1.turn off 2.add ... to ... 3.a bit 4.part of ... 5.pocket money 6.come from
7.pick up 8.(be) made up of ... 9.dry up 10.more than enough 11.by the way
12.turn into 13.have a bath 14.take a shower 15.instead of
【重点句式】
1.水龙头是开着的。
The tap was on.
2.多拉环顾四周,但是那儿一个人都没有。
Dora looked around, but there was no one there.
3.他们将我清理干净并且加入一些化学物质。
They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.
4.我将会进入河里,并再一次进入海里。
I’ll go into the river and then into the sea again.
5.多拉关上了水龙头,离开了浴室。
Dora turned the tap off and came out of the bathroom.
6.水对我们的日常生活是很重要的。
Water is important for our daily lives.
7.水是生命之源。
Water is the symbol of life.
8.节约用水对我们来说是非常重要的。
It is very important for us to save water.
9.在使用完水后要及时关闭水龙头。
Please turn off the tap after using it.
10.尽量用淋浴代替盆浴。
Please take the shower instead of bathing
(
知识要点二、语法
)
名词的数量
1. 我们可以用a lot of, a little, a few, many, much 以及no 来谈论名词的数量。具体来说:
(1)a few 意为“几个;一些”,many 意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰可数名词。
(2)a little 意为 “一点儿;少量”,much意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰不可数名词。
(3)few, little意为“很少的;几乎没有的”,具有否定意义,分别修饰可数名词与不可数名词
(4)a lot of/lots of和no都可用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词,分别表示“许多”和“没有”
(5)我们还可以用too much, too many, too little, too few和(not) enough等来谈论名词的数量。
2. 在对数量提问时,用“How many+可数名词的复数形式”或“How much+不可数名词
【典例分析】
一、选择填空
1. There______ too_________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon.
A. is; much B. was; many C. was; much D. is; many
【答案】C
【解析】句意:云中的水太多了,很快就开始下雨了。Water 不可数名词。从后一句可知要用一般过去时。
2. We'll try our best to do the work with _______money and ________ people.
A. few; little B. a few; a little C. less; fewer D. fewer; less
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们会尽量用更少的钱和更少的人来做这项工作。few修饰可数名词,其比较级为fewer。People可数名词。little修饰不可数名词,其比较级为less 。Money 不可数名词。
3. Don't spend______ time on computer games.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
【答案】A
【解析】A. too much 修饰不可数名词。太多。 B. much too 修饰形容词。 C. too many 太多。修饰可数名词。Time不可数名词,故答案选A
4. Paul has___ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.
A. many B. some C. more D. few
【答案】D
【解析】根据句意:Paul 有时感到孤独。说明Paul几乎没有朋友。Few表示几乎没有。故答案选D
5. --Shall we leave now
--Don't hurry. We still have___ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
【答案】B
【解析】a little和little修饰不可数名词.a few和few修饰可数名词;a little和a few表示肯定,little和few表示否定;不着急,我还有点时间剩下。表示肯定故选B。
6. --Shall we leave now
--Hurry up! We have________ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
【答案】A
【解析】a little和little修饰不可数名词.a few和few修饰可数名词;a little和a few表示肯定,little和few表示否定;句意:快点!说明没时间剩下。故用否定。Little。表示几乎没有。故选A。
二、选用适当形式填空
1. —Did you buy ___________(many, some) books
—Yes. They were so heavy that I had to find somebody to help me carry them.
2. —Did you buy ____________(too much, too many)food
—Yes. We couldn’t eat it up.
3. My uncle drinks ______(a lot of, a little) tea every day. He really likes it.
4. There is _________ (little, few, a little, a few)milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.
5. We have __________(too few, too little)cups. There are ten children coming but we have only 8 cups.
6. —I want to wash my hair. Is there ______(any, some)shampoo
—Yes, there is still ______(any, some)in the bottle.
7. You bought __________ (too many, some)apples. We just need two.
8. —Can you speak English
—Yes. But just __________(a little, little).
【答案】1.many 2.too much 3.a lot of 4.little 5.too few 6.any 7.too many 8.a little
(
知识要点三、书面表达
)
【话题分析】
本单元的话题是“water”,介绍的水的旅程及水的一些基本事实。让我们对水资源有充分的了解。从而号召大家保护水资源,节约用水。而本单元的写作部分则是介绍一个实验操作的步骤,学会用first,next,then ,finally进行描述。
【短语积累】
1.关掉 2.把……加入……
3.来自 4.捡起
5.由……组成 6.干涸
7.变成 8.泡澡;洗澡
9.淋浴 10.代替;而不是
【答案】1.turn off 2.add ... to ... 3.come from 4.pick up 5.(be) made up of ...
6.dry up 7.turn into 8.have a bath 9.take a shower 10.instead of
【句式积累】
1.地球上大部分的水是海水,海水里有太多的盐,不能直接饮用;只有少量淡水可供饮用。
【答案】However, most of the water on Earth is sea water. We cannot drink it because there is too much salt in it. Only a little water is fresh and drinkable. So it is important for us to save water.
2.众所周知, 植物和动物需要水。我们也需要水。(as we all know)
【答案】As we all know, plants and animals need water. We need water, too.
3.俗话说,水是生命的象征。(as the saying goes)
【答案】As the saying goes, water is the symbol of life.
4.为了净化江河湖泊,我们必须做一些事情来阻止各种污染。
【答案】In order to make rivers and lakes clean, we must do something to stop all kinds of pollution.
5.如果我们为保护水做贡献,世界将变得越来越好。
【答案】If we make a contribution to protecting the water, the world will be better and better.
【实战演练】
 谈论水资源
俗话说,水是生命的象征。水对生物非常重要。没有水,地球上就没有生命。但是,现在我们人类却在用不同的方式去污染水资源、浪费水等。请根据下面的内容提示,写一篇60词左右的短文,呼吁大家从身边的小事做起,共同保护水资源。
提示:
1. 众所周知,植物和动物需要水,我们人类也需要水。
2. 俗话说,水是生命的象征。没有水, 地球上将没有生命。
3. 为了净化江河湖泊,我们必须尽力去阻止各种污染。
4. 在日常生活中,记着不要浪费水或污染水。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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As we all know, plants and animals need water. We human beings need water, too. As the saying goes, water is the symbol of life. Without water,there will be no life on Earth. So in order to make rivers and lakes clean, we must try our best to stop all kinds of pollution. What’s more, we should remember not to waste or pollute water in our daily lives.
  If we can do these things, I think water will become cleaner and cleaner and the world will be more and more beautiful.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 water
单元小结 (
知识目录
)
学习目标:本单元谈论水的旅行及重要用途。能掌握描述水的单词及句式,能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标:学习表达名词数量用法。
听说目标:能听懂并介绍水的小短文。
写作目标:学会用first,next ,then, finally来描述一个过程。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 on的用法 练习
要点2 drop的用法 练习
要点3 a bit用法和a little区别 练习
要点4 journey的用法 练习
要点5 voice的用法 练习
要点6 at the end of/ in the end的用法 练习
要点 7 waste的用法 练习
要点8 remember的用法 练习
要点9 add的用法 练习
要点10 through across和over的用法 练习
要点11 valuable及短语的用法 练习
要点12 turn的用法及短语 练习
要点13重点短语 12
要点14 重点句式 12
知识要点二、语法
要点1 名词的数量 13
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 15
要点2 词汇短语积累 15
要点3句式积累 15
(
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句。
)要点4实战演练 16
【精讲精练】
要点 1 on
The tap was on. 水龙头开着。
The TV is on. 电视机开着。
on 表示已连接、处于工作状态或使用中
off 表示不在工作状态或使用中
Don’t keep the lights on all the time. 不要一直开着灯。
The fan is off. 风扇关着。
【典例分析】
1.Don't leave the lights________ in your room. It's too dark to see anything clearly.
A. on B. off C.in D. up
要点 2 drop
drop n. 滴
v.掉下;落下
drop, fall与sink辨异
(1)drop指物体从一定高度落下。
The fruit dropped from the tree. 果实从树上落下。
(2)fall与drop同义,指突然或猛烈地降落,但fall可指任何下落,同高度或形式无关。
If I fall down, what should I do 如果我摔倒了,我该怎么办?
(3)sink指在空气或水中垂直下降、下沉。
【典例分析】
1、我感到有两滴雨落在了我的脸颊上。
I felt _________ _________ _________ rain _________ on my face
2、桌上有一滴水。
There is________ _________ _________ _________ on the table.
3、雨从云层里滴落下来。
Rain ________ _________ from clouds.
要点3
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
二者的主要用法如下:
1. a bit 和 a little 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、 副词及其比较级, 可以换用, 表示“一点儿”。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little loudly so as to make himself heard more clearly.
演讲者把嗓音提高一点,以便使别人听得清楚。
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
2. a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, 而a bit则要在后面加of 构成短语才能作定语, 两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
There’s only a little / a bit of food left for lunch.
午餐只剩一点儿食品了
【典例分析】
1. The new student is ______ shy.
A. a little bit B. little C. a bit of D. bit
用a little, a bit或a bit of填空. (1-3题)
2.He feels ________________ better today.
3.She is ________________ tired.
4.There is ________________ milk in the bottle.
5. His younger brother feels _____________ better today.
A. more B. a bit of C. a little D. too
6. There is ____________ water in the bottle. You can drink it.
A. a bit B. little C. a bit of D. a little of
要点 4:journey
journey n.旅行;旅程
【辨析】journey, trip, travel与tour
(1)journey 为普通用语,指陆地上的远程旅行。
(2)trip 指有特定目的的短距离旅行,强调在路上所花的时间和所走的路程。
(3)travel 惯用复数形式,泛指到各地旅行,表示旅行的路途远、时间长。
(4)tour 指途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览。
【典例分析】
用journey, trip, travel或tour填空
1. At first I was afraid the long ___________ would be too much for her.
2. We went on a guided ___________ of Italy that included stops at Milan, Venice, Florence and Rome.
3. I go to work by train, and the ___________ takes me 40 minutes.
4. The ___________ of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.
要点5:voice
voice n. 嗓音;说话声
(1)in a low/loud voice 小声说/大声说
(2)at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地;大声地
noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音,一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。
voice 表示优美的声音,也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副优美的嗓音。
sound “声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound,该词还可以用作感官动词,意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city. 在城市你能听到各种声音。 This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。
There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his voice, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
教室外面一片嘈杂声,物理老师只得提高了声音说:“光的传播速度比声音快得多。”
【典例分析】
1.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.
A.shout  B.noise C.voice  D.sound
2. Don’t make so much _______. My baby is sleeping.
A. voice  B. sound  C. noise  D. choice
3.用noise sound 和voice填空。
1.Don’t make any _________!
2.At midnight he heard a strange __________
3.The girl has a beautiful __________.
4.They are talking in low ___________
5.I heard the__________ of running water
6.The children often get _________(noise) in the classroom after class.
要点 6 at the end of
at the end of...在……的结尾;在……的末端
Children put stockings at the end of their beds before they go to sleep.
孩子们睡觉前将长筒袜放在他们的床尾。
辨析at the end of, in the end和by the end of
短语 用法 例句
at the end of 意为“在……的结尾;在……的末端”,后面常常跟表示时间、地点的名词。 Go along the road, and you'll see the school at the end of it. 沿着这条路走,你将在路的尽头看到那所学校。
in the end 意为“最后;最终”,指时间,相当于at last或finally。 He worked out the problem in the end 他最终解决了这个难题。
by the end of 意为“到……为止”,其后常跟表示时间的词,常用于完成时态。 I will have been in the company for two years by the end of this year. 到今年年底,我就在这个公司呆了两年了。  
【典例分析】
1.史密斯先生的家在这条路的尽头。
Are there any exams ___________ this term
2.这个学期期末有考试吗?
My room is ______________ the corridor.
3.到本学期末为止,我已经学了2000个英语单词。
__________________ this term, we_____________ 2000 English words.
4.他终走到达这条街道的尽头。
__________, he reached_________________ the street.
4. We usually have a final exam ______________________ June every year.
A. in the end of B. at the end of C. by the end of D. to the end of
5.__________, He succeeded in getting the job.
A.in the end B.at the end of C.by the end of D.to the end
要点7 waste
(1)waste 作不可数名词,意为“浪费,废物,垃圾”。a waste of意为“浪费……”。
例如:
I hate waste. 我讨厌浪费。
It’s a waste of time. 这就是浪费时间。
(2)waste 作形容词,意为“无用的,浪费的,荒废的”。例如:
We shouldn’t throw waste paper about. 我们不应该乱扔废纸。
A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工厂正在向河里倾倒废水。
(3)waste 作及物动词,意为“浪费”。 waste time / money (in)doing / on sth. 表示“在做某事上浪费时间 / 金钱”。
Don’t waste water! 不要浪费水。
【典例分析】
1. After dinner Mum asked me to throw the _______ in the bowls in the bag on the ground.
A. fly B. waste C. sand D. scarf
2.We all need a healthy environment, but we produce     every day and it is harmful to our environment.                   
A. dreams B. trouble C. problems D. waste
3. 妈妈认为玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
Mum thinks it __________ __________ __________ __________ to play computer games.
4. 这条河流被从工厂流出的废物严重污染。
The river was ___________ __________ __________ __________ from the factory
5. —The latest style of Huawei mobile phones will be on sale. I want to buy one.
—I think you shouldn’t ________ too much money on new mobile phones you don’t need.
A. waste B. put C. share D. give
要点8 remember
remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事
【例句】I remember meeting her before.我记得以前见过她。
【拓展】remember to do sth.意为“记住要做某事”,表示事情尚未做。
Please remember to close the windows when you leave the room.
当你离开房间的时候,请记住关窗。
【注意】stop的用法同remember
stop doing sth.停止做某事(doing作宾语)
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事(to do表示停下来的目的,作状语)
We stopped talking .我们停止说话。
We stopped to talk.我们停下来说话。
forget v.忘记
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 (事情还没做) Don't forget to buy some fruit.别忘了买一些水果。(水果还没买)
Forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事 (事情已经做了) I forgot borrowing some money from you. 我忘了从你那儿借了一些钱了。(钱已借过)
【典例分析】
1.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
2.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
3.—Do you still remember ________ Yao Ming in Beijing
—Yes, of course, three years ago.
A. to meet B. meeting
C. meet D. met
4 —Will she forget ______ dinner for us
—No, she won’t.
A.cooks B.to cook C.cooking D.cooked
要点9 add
add作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构:
(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如:
  Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如:
  Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
  把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
【典例分析】
1.如果你认为这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。
________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.
2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste better
A. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds
3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.
A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to
4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.
A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/
要点 10:through
要点9
through & across & over
through 表示“从物体内部穿过”,如穿过隧道,森林,窗户,门等;
across 表示“穿过、横穿”,强调从物体表面通过,如穿过河道,街道等;
over 表示“越过”,强调从物体上方翻越,如翻过围墙,栅栏。
through 意为“穿过,通过”,它和介词in有关,表示动作是从某一物体内部或某一空间内部通过的。其后常接forest, city等。 One day, the little girl walked alone through the forest.有一天,小女孩儿独自一人步行穿过森林。
across 意为“穿过,横过”,它和介词on有关,表示动作是从物体表面通过的。其后常接road, bridge, river等。 Go across the road and you’ll find the ABC is on your right. 穿过马路,你会发现中国农业银行在你的右手边。
over 意为“横跨,跨越”,表示从某物上方翻过。其后常接wall, fence【篱笆;围栏】等。 The thief climbed over the wall and ran away.小偷翻墙跑了。
【典例分析】
1.用through across and over填空
1).We have to walk__________ a big forest to get there.
2)Be careful when you go__________ the road.
3)He climbed ___________the wall.
2. 1.—Can a plane fly __________ the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes, but it needs to go __________ the clouds for hours.
A. across; through B. through; across
C. across; across D. through; through
3. The bird’s singing came into our room________ the window and woke me up in the early morning.  
A. down B. from C. through D. across
4.The moonlight is shining in _________ the window. Everything in the room looks so nice.
A.over B.across C.through D.past
5.We have to go___________ the crowds when I go to work or come back home every day.
6.They live _________ the Central Plaza.
7.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily    the windows.
A. against B. across C. above D. below
要点11
valuable词性形容词,意为:贵重的;很有用的;宝贵的,用作表语时,可与介词to连用,常用短语be valuable to sb.“对某人来说很有价值”。
This is a valuable painting. 这是一幅很珍贵的画。
The book is valuable to me. 这本书对我来说很有价值。
valuable adj. 有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的
用法 例句
valuable形容词意为“有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的 ” His wife put on valuable ring and necklace.
value作为名词时意为“价值”;作为动词意为“重视;珍惜” His work has no value. I value the opinion of my husband and we agree on most things.
【典例分析】
1. You’d better go to the Science Museum because there is ________ on show.
A. something valuable B. anything valuable
C. important things D. nothing special
3. Your advice is very     to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful.
A. terrible B. comfortable C. impossible D. valuable
要点 11:
1.turn on=switch on,意为“拧开(电器);打开(水源、煤气、电源等)”。
2.turn off=switch off,意为“关掉(电器);关上(水源、煤气、电源等)”。
3.turn up 意为“调高(音量或热度)”
4.turn down 意为“调低(音量或热度)”。
5.turn… into… 使……变成……
【典例分析】
1.新闻时间到了,请打开电视机。
It’s time for the news. Please ______ _________ the TV.
2.你能把电视声音调低一点吗?
Can you _______ _______ the TV a bit
3.当你离开房间时要关灯。
_______ _______ the lights when you leave the room.
4.第二天,小溪里的水变成了褐色的水。
The water in the brook _______ ________ brown water the next day.
要点13:
continue to do sth与continue doing sth 都表示继续做某事。
dry up 干涸,用光;耗尽;把……擦干
work out 找出,想出
(be) made up of 由……组成
【典例分析】
1.I did my homework for 2 hours. After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued ___________ (do) my homework.
2.像那样花钱,你的积蓄很快就会花光的。
Your saving will _______ ________if you spend your money like that
3.我算不出这个数学题。
I can’t _______ ________ this math questions.
4.这部机器由三部分组成。
This machine _______ ________ ________ three parts.
【重点短语】
1.关掉 2.把……加入……
3.有点;一点 4.……的一部分
5.(父母给孩子的)零花钱 6.来自
7.捡起 8.由……组成
9.干涸 10.绰绰有余的;充裕的
11.顺便说说;顺便问问 12.变成
13.泡澡;洗澡 14.淋浴
15.代替;而不是
【重点句式】
1.水龙头是开着的。
The tap was on.
2.多拉环顾四周,但是那儿一个人都没有。
Dora looked around, but there was no one there.
3.他们将我清理干净并且加入一些化学物质。
They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.
4.我将会进入河里,并再一次进入海里。
I’ll go into the river and then into the sea again.
5.多拉关上了水龙头,离开了浴室。
Dora turned the tap off and came out of the bathroom.
6.水对我们的日常生活是很重要的。
Water is important for our daily lives.
7.水是生命之源。
Water is the symbol of life.
8.节约用水对我们来说是非常重要的。
It is very important for us to save water.
9.在使用完水后要及时关闭水龙头。
Please turn off the tap after using it.
10.尽量用淋浴代替盆浴。
Please take the shower instead of bathing
(
知识要点二、语法
)
名词的数量
1. 我们可以用a lot of, a little, a few, many, much 以及no 来谈论名词的数量。具体来说:
(1)a few 意为“几个;一些”,many 意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰可数名词。
(2)a little 意为 “一点儿;少量”,much意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰不可数名词。
(3)few, little意为“很少的;几乎没有的”,具有否定意义,分别修饰可数名词与不可数名词
(4)a lot of/lots of和no都可用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词,分别表示“许多”和“没有”
(5)我们还可以用too much, too many, too little, too few和(not) enough等来谈论名词的数量。
2. 在对数量提问时,用“How many+可数名词的复数形式”或“How much+不可数名词
【典例分析】
一、选择填空
1. There______ too_________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon.
A. is; much B. was; many C. was; much D. is; many
2. We'll try our best to do the work with _______money and ________ people.
A. few; little B. a few; a little C. less; fewer D. fewer; less
3. Don't spend______ time on computer games.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
4. Paul has___ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.
A. many B. some C. more D. few
5. --Shall we leave now
--Don't hurry. We still have___ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
6. --Shall we leave now
--Hurry up! We have________ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
二、选用适当形式填空
1. —Did you buy ___________(many, some) books
—Yes. They were so heavy that I had to find somebody to help me carry them.
2. —Did you buy ____________(too much, too many)food
—Yes. We couldn’t eat it up.
3. My uncle drinks ______(a lot of, a little) tea every day. He really likes it.
4. There is _________ (little, few, a little, a few)milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.
5. We have __________(too few, too little)cups. There are ten children coming but we have only 8 cups.
6. —I want to wash my hair. Is there ______(any, some)shampoo
—Yes, there is still ______(any, some)in the bottle.
7. You bought __________ (too many, some)apples. We just need two.
8. —Can you speak English
—Yes. But just __________(a little, little).
(
知识要点三、书面表达
)
【话题分析】
本单元的话题是“water”,介绍的水的旅程及水的一些基本事实。让我们对水资源有充分的了解。从而号召大家保护水资源,节约用水。而本单元的写作部分则是介绍一个实验操作的步骤,学会用first,next,then ,finally进行描述。
【短语积累】
1.关掉 2.把……加入……
3.来自 4.捡起
5.由……组成 6.干涸
7.变成 8.泡澡;洗澡
9.淋浴 10.代替;而不是
【句式积累】
1.地球上大部分的水是海水,海水里有太多的盐,不能直接饮用;只有少量淡水可供饮用。
2.众所周知, 植物和动物需要水。我们也需要水。(as we all know)
3.俗话说,水是生命的象征。(as the saying goes)
4.为了净化江河湖泊,我们必须做一些事情来阻止各种污染。
5.如果我们为保护水做贡献,世界将变得越来越好。
【实战演练】
 谈论水资源
俗话说,水是生命的象征。水对生物非常重要。没有水,地球上就没有生命。但是,现在我们人类却在用不同的方式去污染水资源、浪费水等。请根据下面的内容提示,写一篇60词左右的短文,呼吁大家从身边的小事做起,共同保护水资源。
提示:
1. 众所周知,植物和动物需要水,我们人类也需要水。
2. 俗话说,水是生命的象征。没有水, 地球上将没有生命。
3. 为了净化江河湖泊,我们必须尽力去阻止各种污染。
4. 在日常生活中,记着不要浪费水或污染水。
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