山东省部分市2023届高三一模英语试卷阅读理解专题分类汇编（含解析版）

山东省部分市2023届高三一模英语试卷阅读理解专题分类汇编（解析版）
阅读理解专题
2023届山东省菏泽市高三一模英语试题
1．D 2．D 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。《超越身体》是一个以科学为基础的健身和营养计划，是世界上第一本个性化的健康书籍，文章是一篇关于《超越身体》的广告。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The Beyond Body program is for anybody who wants to lose weight by establishing lifelong health and fitness routines, but not ideal for vegetarians.(“超越身体”计划适合任何想要通过建立终身健康和健身习惯来减肥的人，但不适合素食者。)”可知，“超越身体”是用来提供一个计划来减肥的。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The program starts with a quiz, including questions on body type, fitness level, health conditions, food preferences, and more.(该计划从一个小测试开始，包括关于体型、健身水平、健康状况、食物偏好等问题。)”可知，通过完成一个小测验来开始这个计划。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The Beyond Body app helps you follow the program and track your progress.(“超越身体”应用程序可以帮助你遵循该计划并跟踪你的进展。)”可知，“超越身体”应用程序跟踪减肥进度。故选C。
4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍肿瘤学家Monica Bertagnolli为农村癌症患者能够获得医疗资源和医疗保健所作出的努力与贡献。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Growing up in Wyoming, she was well aware of the lack of health care resources in rural areas. Access to in-depth care for cancer patients is hard to get. She’s worked throughout her career to change that.(在Wyoming州长大的她非常清楚农村地区缺乏医疗资源。癌症患者很难获得深入的护理。她的整个职业生涯都在努力改变这种状况。)”可知在Wyoming州农村癌症患者最缺乏的是医疗资源和深入的医疗护理，即他们最需要的是医疗保健。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“And now Monica serves as the vice president of the Coalition (联盟) of Cancer Cooperative Groups (CCCG) — an international network of individuals who work to improve the quality of life and survival of cancer patients by increasing participation in cancer clinical trials.(现在，Monica担任癌症合作组织联盟（CCCG）的副主席。CCCG是一个由个人组成的国际网络，通过增加对癌症临床试验的参与来提高癌症患者的生活质量和生存率。)”以及第四段“She said, ‘One of the really important things is, we’re trying to make sure that cancer clinical trials can get to every single patient who needs them in my own state.’ The coalition set up sites in northern and southern Wyoming that are able to run clinical trials. Before those trials became available, patients would usually go to Denver or Salt Lake City — a three-to-seven-hour drive.(她说：‘真正重要的一件事是，我们正在努力确保癌症临床试验能够惠及我所在州每一位需要的患者。’该联盟在Wyoming州北部和南部设立了能够进行临床试验的站点。在这些试验开始之前，患者通常会去丹佛或盐湖城，车程三到七小时。)”可知，Monica通过提供临床试验来帮助癌症患者。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In addition to the clinical trials, Monica said that technology’s progress like better cell phone and internet service in the mountains of Wyoming, as well as social media, has helped rural residents stay in touch with loved ones and medical professionals despite their distance. She is trying to advocate strongly for those changes to continue.(除了临床试验之外，Monica说，技术的进步，比如Wyoming州山区更好的手机和互联网服务，以及社交媒体，已经帮助农村居民与亲人和医疗专业人员保持联系，尽管他们相隔遥远。她正在努力大力倡导这些改革继续下去。)”以及最后一段“‘I still consider myself part of Wyoming and I am very devoted to making sure that patients can get access to care.’(‘我仍然认为自己是Wyoming州的一员，我非常致力于确保患者能够获得医疗。’)”可知Monica非常敬业，富有责任心。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Monica Bertagnolli is an oncologist (肿瘤学家) at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and a professor of surgery at Harvard Medical School. Growing up in Wyoming, she was well aware of the lack of health care resources in rural areas. Access to in-depth care for cancer patients is hard to get. She’s worked throughout her career to change that.( Monica Bertagnolli是布里格姆妇女医院的肿瘤学家，也是哈佛医学院的外科教授。在怀俄明州长大的她非常清楚农村地区缺乏医疗资源。癌症患者很难获得深入的护理。她的整个职业生涯都在努力改变这种状况。)”以及下文对Monica Bertagnolli的详细介绍可知，本文主要介绍了Monica为改变农村癌症患者缺乏医疗资源和医疗保健所作出的贡献，B选项“Monica：一位帮助癌症患者的人”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为本文标题。故选B。
8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。每年都有大量网购退货造成的垃圾，由此带来的问题非常棘手，对此人们提出了许多建议和可行方案。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Each year, 5 billion pounds of waste is generated through returns in the world. In the US alone, customers return approximately 3.5 billion products, of which only 20% are actually faulty according to Optoro, a company which specializes in tackling the returns.(每年，全世界有50亿磅的垃圾是退货产生的。据专门处理退货问题的Optoro公司称，仅在美国，客户就退货了大约35亿件产品，其中只有20%是有问题的。)”可知，第3段的统计数字是来说明退货产生大量垃圾的。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“Many companies simply don’t have the technology to handle these faults in returned goods,, so it is often most profitable for them to sell them cheaply to discounters via a web of shipping, driving and flying them around the globe, or to simply truck them to the dump.(许多公司根本没有技术来处理退货中的这些错误的技术，因此，对他们来说，最有利可图的方式往往是通过全球运输、驾驶和空运网络，将它们廉价卖给折扣店，或者干脆用卡车把它们运到垃圾场。)”可知，由于相关技术的缺乏，退货成为公司真正头疼的问题。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“Optoro’s software helps retailers (零售商) and manufacturers resell unsold goods more easily.They offer a number of options for retailers, including a website to resell their goods, called Blinq, as well as helping with re-routing goods to donation, store shelves, Amazon or eBay. They estimate their work helps reduce landfill waste by 70%.(Optoro的软件可以帮助零售商和制造商更容易地转售未售出的商品。他们为零售商提供了多种选择，包括一个名为Blinq的转售商品的网站，以及帮助将商品重新安排到捐赠、商店货架、亚马逊或eBay上。他们估计他们的工作有助于减少70%的垃圾填埋。)”可知，第五段主要是讲一个实用的解决退货的办法——Optoro软件。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Ann Starodaj, Senior Director of Sustainability at Optoro, says that while consumer habits might still be harmful, creating a profitable and environmentally friendly fashion model from start to finish is the way forward(Optoro的可持续发展高级总监Ann Starodaj说虽然消费者的习惯可能仍然有害，但从头到尾创造一种有利可图且环保的时尚模式是前进的方向)”和第二句中的“creating a business model where you’re making it easier for them to make sustainable choices is very important(创造一种商业模式，让他们更容易做出可持续的选择是非常重要的)”可知，Ann Starodaj想要传达的是创建一个可持续的有利可图且环保的商业模式是至关重要的。故选D。
12．B 13．B 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一个观点：一个人的幸福通过社交网络传播，因此一个人的幸福和朋友，以及朋友的朋友有关。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段二三句“The researchers found that when an individual becomes happy, a friend living within a mile experiences a 25 percent increased chance of becoming happy. A co-resident spouse (配偶) experiences an 8 percent increased chance, siblings (兄弟姐妹) living within one mile have a 14 percent increased chance, and for next-door neighbors, 34 percent. (研究人员发现，当一个人变得快乐时，住在一英里以内的朋友变得快乐的几率会增加25%。同居配偶的几率增加了8%，住在一英里以内的兄弟姐妹的几率增加14%，而隔壁邻居的几率增加34%。)”可知，一个人开心的时候，最有可能因此变得开心的是他的邻居。故选B项。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句““Imagine a bird’s eye view of a backyard party,” Fowler explains. “You’ll see people in groups at the center, and others on the fringe. The happiest people tend to be the ones in the center…” (福勒解释道：“想象一下后院聚会的鸟瞰图，你会看到一群人在中心，其他人在边缘。最快乐的人往往是中心的人…”)”可知，福勒提出这个聚会的目的是为了解释某个和一个网络中最开心的人的位置相关的概念，上文第三段最后两句“However, becoming happy does not help migrate a person from the network fringe (外围) to the center. Happiness spreads through the network without changing its structure. (然而，变得快乐并不能帮助一个人从网络边缘迁移到中心。幸福通过网络传播而不改变其结构。)”提出了需要解释的观点：因为幸福通过网络传播，不改变网络的结构，因此一个人变得快乐并不会使他从网络的边缘迁移到中心。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段后两句“However, becoming happy does not help migrate a person from the network fringe (外围) to the center. Happiness spreads through the network without changing its structure. (然而，变得快乐并不能帮助一个人从网络边缘迁移到中心。幸福通过网络传播而不改变其结构。)”可知，本研究旨在告诉读者幸福通过网络传播，即社交网络。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Next time, if you’re happy and you know it, thank your friends—and their friends. (下一次，如果你很开心，并且你知道这一点，那就感谢你的朋友和他们的朋友。)”可知，作者建议读者如果开心，那就得感谢朋友和朋友的朋友，可推测这是因为一个人的快乐可能是朋友或者朋友的朋友带来的。故选A项。
2023届山东省潍坊市高考模拟考试（一模）英语试题
1．C 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了刚到澳大利亚的留学生遇到问题的可以帮助解决的应用程序Sonder Australia。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“As a foreign student arriving in Australia, you may feel both excited and anxious. (作为一名刚到澳大利亚的留学生，你可能既兴奋又焦虑。)”可推断，这篇文章可能针对国际学生的。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Check on me中的“If you’re meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination, you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you’re OK. You can set a “Check On Me” duration from30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo—location technology to monitor you. (如果你要认识新朋友或去一个不熟悉的目的地，你可以设定一个时间让我们定期联系你，以确保你没事。你可以设置“Check On Me”的持续时间从30分钟到8小时以上，Sonder将使用地理定位技术来监控你。)”可知，应用程序Check On Me在设定的时间发挥作用。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据24/7 help中的“Sonder immediately geo—locates you, establishing your exact location. (Sonder会立即对你进行地理定位，确定你的确切位置。)”、Check on me中的“You can set a “Check On Me” duration from30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo—location technology to monitor you. (你可以设置“Check On Me”的持续时间从30分钟到8小时以上，Sonder将使用地理定位技术来监控你。)”、Safety alerts中的“If we detect an incident occurring nearby your location, we’ll give you details and ask you to report as “safe” or “not safe”. (如果我们检测到您所在位置附近发生事故，我们会提供详细信息，并要求您报告“安全”或“不安全”。)”和Track my journey中的“The “Track My Journey” app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress, to ensure your safety at all times. (“Track My Journey”应用程序功能可以帮助您到达目的地，同时我们跟踪您的进度，以确保您的安全。)”可知，这四个特性都使用了技术地理定位。故选C。
4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”(Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker刚拿到他们在曼哈顿第22街的新公寓的钥匙，那个即将离开的房客说了些奇怪的话：“告诉你们一声，有个地方，给圣诞老人的信会寄到公寓里。之前的房客也收到了邮件。它已经来了很多年，没有人知道为什么。”)”可知，房客对在公寓里收到这些信感到奇怪，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段的“They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。Glaub当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了。)”可知，这对夫妇已经尽力了。故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’(很多人说，‘我要一封信。我会满足它的。’)”可知，他的客人们都很感兴趣，划线词intrigued的意思是“感兴趣的”，和interested意思相近，故选A。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(Glaub和Parker在新家安顿下来，在头两年里，只有几封来自孩子或父母的来信，要求“圣诞老人”送他们买不起的礼物。在2010年圣诞节前的几个月里，他们的邮箱里每天都塞满了写给圣诞老人的信。他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。格劳布当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了。)”和倒数第二段的“To spread the word, they started a website, , and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.(为了传播这个消息，他们建立了一个网站，和一个Facebook页面。他们与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，邀请全国各地的家庭上网为他们的孩子索要礼物。同样，捐赠者，也被称为“精灵”，可以注册为孩子或家庭购买礼物，并在他们的名字前附上精灵的签名便条，如精灵Jim或精灵Jody。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物，即How a couple deal with the letters to Santa，故选C。
8．D 9．D 10．A 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种被称为“安静招聘”新的职场趋势即将到来。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Quiet hiring is a strategy used to fill the critical gaps in a company without hiring new employees. (“安静招聘”是指在不雇佣新员工的情况下填补公司关键职位空缺的一种策略。)”可知，“安静招聘”策略指的是将现有工作人员调往新岗位。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段“This year it may need to add five more data scientists to its team to meet the strategic goals. As a solution, it may move five employees from another department only for a short time, like data analysts in the human resources and marketing department, into the five open data scientist roles. (今年，该公司可能需要为其团队增加5名数据科学家，以实现战略目标。作为一种解决方案，它可以在短时间内从另一个部门调动5名员工，比如人力资源和营销部门的数据分析师，变成5个开放数据科学家角色。)”和第三段“In this case, the boss is saying, “We’re going to intentionally deprioritize support for HR and marketing for the next six months so that we can increase the productivity of our data science team, and we are saying this sound and clearly. Everyone knows this.”(在这种情况下，老板说，“我们将有意在未来六个月优先支持人力资源和市场营销，这样我们就可以提高数据科学团队的生产力，我们说得很清楚。大家都知道这一点。”)”可推断，公司处理安静招聘的特点是人事变动是事先宣布的。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Meantime you might say, “If it’s not possible to increase my payment, can we make it so that I can work from home five days a week, reducing my commute（通勤）costs Or, could I work flexible hours, making it easier for me to live the rest of my life ” An individual conversation may be ineffective. If you’re part of a department or team being asked to switch roles, employ that power and approach human resources as a group. (与此同时，你可能会说，“如果不可能增加我的工资，我们能不能让我每周在家工作五天，减少我的通勤成本 或者，我是否可以弹性工作时间，让我的余生过得更轻松 ”单独的对话可能是无效的。如果你所在的部门或团队被要求转换角色，那就充分利用这种权力，以团队的形式与人力资源部门接洽。)”可推断，作者建议员工就额外工作进行谈判。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now in 2023, there is a new workplace trend on the horizon, called “quiet hiring”.(如今，在2023年，一种新的职场趋势即将出现，被称为“安静招聘”。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种被称为“安静招聘”新的职场趋势即将到来。所以“Quiet hiring: An upcoming tendency(安静招聘：即将到来的趋势)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
12．B 13．D 14．C 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍光污染正在夺走我们的夜空，使得星星在我们眼前消失。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段“Globe at Night has been gathering data on star visibility since 2006. ”（自2006年以来，“天空辉光”一直在收集恒星能见度的数据。）可知，“天空辉光”的目的是收集星星能见度的数据。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Furthermore, the loss of visible stars is a great loss of human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans throughout history had an impressive view of the starry night sky, and the effect of this nightly spectacle(壮观) is evident in ancient cultures. (此外，可见星星的损失是人类文化遗产的巨大损失。直到最近，历史上的人类都能看到令人印象深刻的星空，这种夜间奇观的影响在古代文化中很明显。)”可知，可见星星的缺失会导致较少的夜间天空文化元素。故选D。
14．主旨大意题。根据第五段“But these sources are significant contributors to sky glow us seen from the ground. (但这些光源是我们从地面看到的天空发光的重要贡献者。)”可推断，作者在第五段中强调了众包数据是无价的。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Globe at Night dataset is necessary in our ongoing evaluation of changes in sky glow, and we encourage whoever can to get involved to help protect the starry night sky. (全球夜间数据集对于我们持续评估天空辉光的变化是必要的，我们鼓励任何可以参与的人来帮助保护星空。)”可推断，Walker期望会有更多的参与者加入。故选C。
2023届山东省枣庄市高三第一次调研英语试卷
1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。从速度、价格、选择三个方面详细论述了鲜花配送服务的好处，来推广线上鲜花配送。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“ In addition, you usually get a much better deal, especially at busy holidays such as Valentine’s Day, Easter, Mother’s Day, Christmas, etc. (此外，你通常会得到更好的折扣，尤其是在繁忙的节日，如情人节、复活节、母亲节、圣诞节等)”可知在节假日买花优惠更多。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段“You simply select the bouquet or arrangement, and enter the delivery and payment information. (您只需选择花束或布置，然后输入送货和付款信息)”可知相对于电话订购，网络订购可以看到鲜花图片并选择自己想要的样式。故选A。
3．推理判断题。文章开门见山，抛出话题中心：鲜花配送服务。之后从速度、价格、选择三个方面详细论述了鲜花配送服务的好处，所以D选项“To promote online flower delivery. (推广线上鲜花配送)”是本篇文章的目的。故选D。
4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过一些例子讲述了文化差异。
4．文章主旨题。根据第一段中的“He had always understood it to mean “OK”, but in Brazil, it meant something different. (他一直理解它的意思是“好”，但在巴西，它的意思有所不同)”和第三段中的“After I replied to a friend’s WeChat message with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting”, another friend told me I used it wrong.(我回复了一个朋友的微信，上面贴着梵高的贴纸，我认为这意味着“继续战斗”，另一个朋友告诉我我用错了)”及第五段中的“In India, you sign to someone to come over with your palm down, not up. And in the Middle East, you never use your left hand for anything public.(在印度，你给某人签字，让他过来时手掌朝下，而不是朝上。在中东，你不在公共场合使用左手)”可知，文章主要讲述了文化差异。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He had always understood it to mean “OK”, but in Brazil, it meant something different. (他一直理解它的意思是“好”，但在巴西，它的意思有所不同)”及第二段中的“My father’s colleague understood that he probably wasn’t yet aware of the local meaning of the gesture.(我父亲的同事明白，他可能还没有意识到这个手势的当地含义)”可推知，作者想通过讲述父亲的故事来表明跨文化错误是常见的。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After I replied to a friend’s WeChat message with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting”, another friend told me I used it wrong.(我回复了一个朋友的微信，上面贴着梵高的贴纸，我认为这意味着“继续战斗”，另一个朋友告诉我我用错了)”可知，作者打算用梵高的贴纸来鼓励他的朋友。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But when context is absent or simply differently understood — especially in the social media — perhaps it is time we all think twice before typing or talking, especially when the consequences can be more severe than the misuse of a WeChat sticker.(但是，当上下文不存在或只是理解不同时——尤其是在社交媒体上——也许是我们在打字或说话之前三思的时候了，尤其是当后果可能比滥用微信贴纸更严重的时候)”可知, 如果没有上下文，可能会导致文化冲突。故选A。
8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍土库曼斯坦积极寻求方法，希望能够熄灭燃烧的火山口。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The ground under the drill collapsed and methane (甲烷) gas began to escape into the air. The geologists decided the safest thing to do was to burn off the gas by lighting it on fire. They thought the fire would burn for only a few weeks.(钻头下的地面塌陷，甲烷气体开始泄漏到空气中。地质学家们认为最安全的办法是用火烧掉这些气体。他们认为大火只会燃烧几个星期)”可知，这些地质学家决定点燃气体，为了把这些地下气体耗尽。故选B。
9．词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Why is the crater on fire (为什么火山口着火了？)”及本段内容可知，这一段虽然在解释这个火山口的形成，但仅仅是一种最流行的理论。由此推知，这位探险家的意思是“没有人真正知道这个大火是如何形成的”。由此可知，划线词inferno指的是上文提到的“大火”。故选C 。
10．细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of the reasons he wants the crater to be put out is that the country can collect the gas that fuels it.(他希望火山口被清除的原因之一是该国可以收集燃料天然气)”可知，这个总统想要收集为其提供燃料的气体，因为它有多种用途，可以开发和使用。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章介绍了火山口的形成，目的是通过对这漫长燃烧过程的强调，引出第三段文章的重点“But, now the crater may finally be extinguished.(但是，现在这个陨石坑可能最终会消失)”，形成一种长时间燃烧与终于被扑灭的对比。由此可知，“The Fire Crater May Soon Be Put Out(火山口可能很快就会被扑灭)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)的研究人员发现，丝光褐林蚁（Formica fusca）的嗅觉非常发达。它能够区分人类的癌细胞和健康细胞。但研究小组表示，在这些发现可以用于医院等临床环境之前，还必须进行更多的临床测试。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“But more clinical tests must be carried out before the findings could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said.(但研究小组表示，在这些发现可以用于医院等临床环境之前，还必须进行更多的临床测试。)”可知，这一研究结果还需要更多的临床试验。故选D。
13．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“In the research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants, smelling cells under a laboratory setting. First, the ants were exposed to the smell of a sample of cancerous human cells. This odor (气味) was then associated with a reward of sugar solution. Then, the researchers exposed the ants to two different odors. One was a new smell and the other was the smell of the cancerous cells. Once this test was successful, the researchers exposed the ants to different cancerous cells.(在这项研究中，科学家们对36只蚂蚁进行了测试，在实验室环境下嗅细胞。首先，将蚂蚁暴露在癌症人类细胞样本的气味中。然后，这种气味与糖浆的奖励联系在一起。然后，研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在两种不同的气味中。一种是新的气味，另一种是癌细胞的气味。一旦测试成功，研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在不同的癌细胞中。)”可知，第二段讲的是研究过程。故选B。
14．细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段“This study shows that ants are capable of learning very quickly, at lower cost, and are efficient, points out CNRS in a news release.(CNRS在一份新闻稿中指出，这项研究表明蚂蚁能够快速、低成本、高效地学习。)”和“Dogs’ noses are well suited for medical diagnosis and used for the detection of cancer-specific. However, training them to do so requires several months to a year.(狗的鼻子非常适合用于医学诊断和癌症特异性检测。然而，训练它们这样做需要几个月到一年的时间。)”可知，这些蚂蚁的优点在于快速、低成本、高效地学习，与狗相比，蚂蚁的优点是训练速度更快（耗时更少）。故选C。
15．推理判断题。这是一篇科普文，主要讲的是法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)的研究人员发现，丝光褐林蚁（Formica fusca）的嗅觉非常发达。它能够区分人类的癌细胞和健康细胞。但研究小组表示，在这些发现可以用于医院等临床环境之前，还必须进行更多的临床测试，是近期最新的研究成果，最可能来源于科学期刊或杂志，故选D。
2023届山东省济南市高三一模英语试题
1．C 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍一些可以帮助燃烧最多卡路里的运动。
1．细节理解题。根据Running中“An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1000 calories in one hour of running.(一个普通人在一小时的跑步中可以消耗500到1000卡路里的热量。)”，Swimming中“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes(游泳是一种对身体影响最小的运动，但在短短30分钟内仍然可以燃烧500到600卡路里)”，Boxing中“Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session (拳击也能帮助你更好地燃烧卡路里，一般人一小时能燃烧400到800卡路里。)” Rowing中“An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average (一小时的划船平均可以燃烧400到600卡路里。)”由此可知，游泳每小时燃烧的卡路里最多，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Swimming中“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body(游泳是一种对身体影响最小的锻炼方式)”可知游泳产生的影响很小。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that fat If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories.(如果你总是在室内坐太久，体重增加可能会成为一个麻烦。厌倦了所有的脂肪 如果是这样的话，这些运动可以帮助你燃烧最多的卡路里。)”可知这篇文章是写给肥胖者的，故选D。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述香港中文大学国家重点实验室主任林汉明和甘肃的农业专家张国宏通过自己的研究成果帮助甘肃农民改善生活，推动甘肃当地农业发展。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Lam Hon-ming, director of the State Key Laboratory at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is a top expert in soybean (大豆) research. Since 1998, Lam’s team has been cooperating with scientists in Chinese mainland. In 2010, he came across Zhang Guohong, an agricultural expert from Gansu, China, at a national soybean conference. With the same major, they hit it off and decided to improve farmers’ lives and promote local agriculture. (香港中文大学国家重点实验室主任林汉明是大豆研究的顶级专家。自1998年以来，林汉明的团队一直与中国大陆的科学家合作。2010年，他在一次全国大豆会议上遇到了来自甘肃的农业专家张国宏。由于专业相同，他们一拍即合，决定改善农民的生活，促进当地农业的发展。)”可知这两位科学家都主修农业，故选B。
5．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词的句子“As the land in Northwest China is not suitable for the growth of common varieties of soybeans, local farmers never planted soybeans, and it became a major problem for spreading new soybeans.(由于西北地区土地不适合种植普通大豆品种，当地农民从不种植大豆，it成为新大豆推广的一大难题。)”由此可知it指代上文的当地农民从不种植大豆，故填D。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“By 2020, the planting area of the three approved soybeans in Gansu had gone beyond 2.4 million square kilometers, covering 46 of the province’s 80-plus counties, and the output had reached 7.71 million kilograms, adding about 30 million yuan to local farmers’ income.(截至2020年，三批大豆在甘肃的种植面积超过240万平方公里，覆盖全省80多个县中的46个，产量达到771万公斤，为当地农民增加收入约3000万元。)”可知当地大豆产量提高了，农民增加了收入，因此两位科学家成功了，故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Zhang said that Professor Lam’s contribution has greatly pushed the poorness relief and agricultural research in Northwest China. “It is hard to keep doing agricultural research with less funding. And it is more difficult to travel from Hong Kong to the poor areas of the Northwest to do agricultural research,” he added. In the future, Lan will continue to work with mainland scientists and lead more “Hong Kong power” into the development of the country’s Northwest. (张国宏说，林教授的贡献极大地推动了中国西北地区的扶贫和农业研究。“在资金减少的情况下，很难继续进行农业研究。从香港到西北的贫困地区做农业研究更加困难。”未来，林教授将继续与内地科学家合作，带领更多“香港力量”参与中国西北地区的开发。)可推测出林汉明具有奉献精神，故选D。
8．B 9．A 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AIDA模式是现代市场营销和广告实践的基础以及它是如何工作的。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“AIDA can channel the customer’s feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale.(AIDA可以引导客户的感受通过每个阶段来达成销售) ”可推知，实践AIDA就是为了增加销售。故选B。
9．词句猜测题。根据上文“Attracting the customer’s attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture.(吸引顾客的注意力是第一个挑战，这可以通过使用一个吸引人的短语或图片来实现) ”可推知，划线句意思为“一旦某人的注意力被抓住了，就必须把它转化为真正的兴趣。”故clutched意为“抓住”，和A选项Seized同义。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段““Call-to-action” is where all of the initial hard work pays off and leads to the action from a potential customer. For example, they might pick up the phone to discuss the idea of a trial of the services or, alternatively, they may just buy that product or service that has been promoted to them all along.(“行动号召”是指所有最初的努力都得到了回报，并导致潜在客户采取行动。例如，他们可能会拿起电话讨论试用服务的想法，或者，他们可能只是购买一直向他们推广的产品或服务)”可知，在AIDA模型的行动阶段，客户可能打电话来尝试服务。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And AIDA is used to great effect in the movie industry. Movie studios begin their marketing campaigns months in advance. The campaigns develop by offering attractive flashes of the movie without giving too much away. Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview which is fully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie, from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue on the opening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie’s release, inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket. (AIDA在电影工业中发挥了巨大的作用。电影制片厂会提前几个月开始营销活动。宣传活动通过提供有吸引力的电影片段而不透露太多信息来发展。Desire的灵感来自于完整预览版的发布，该预览版旨在展示电影的激动人心的时刻，从特效到幽默的对白。报纸和电视上的广告关注电影的上映，邀请消费者去买票)”可推知，作者在最后一段提到了电影行业，以展示AIDA是如何工作的。故选B。
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论压力购物是否能真的减轻压力。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.(该研究的首席研究员Credit Karma调查了1000名消费者，其中超过一半的人表示，他们曾通过购物来缓解压力或抑郁。大约48%的男性和31%的女性在压力下购物，他们说他们在压力下会买酒。大约82%的女性会在服装上花钱，而男性的这一比例为52%。女性购买珠宝的比例为42%，男性为22%)”可推知，这些数字是为了说明很多人通过购物来缓解压力。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping.(无论你是在买圣诞礼物还是买杂货，把你需要的东西写下来都会让你在购物时头脑清醒)”可知，可以记录支出帮助你应对压力购物。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.(然而，对许多人来说，压力购物可能会发展成一种消耗金钱、引起冲突的冲动，因此给生活增加了巨大的压力)”和第四段“Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression.(尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法)”可推知，作者对于压力购物是否定的。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.(根据密歇根大学的一项研究，通过购物来减压能给人40倍的控制感，购物的人比只看东西的人少三倍的悲伤)”和第四段“Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression.(尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法)”可知，本文主要讨论压力购物是否能减轻压力。故选D。
2023届山东省临沂市高三一模英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款学习英语的最佳应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Best for Pronunciation: ELSA Speak下列段落中“The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback, but ELSA also provides mini-training sessions to really perfect your pronunciation. (这款应用最大的优点是它的人工智能反馈，但ELSA还提供小型培训课程，以真正完善你的发音。)”可知，ELSA Speak的特点是能给学习者有用的反馈。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Best for Immersing in English Videos: FluentU下列段落中“FuentU is a language learning app that teaches you English through authentic videos like news reports, movie scenes and interviews, with learner tools for all levels. (FuentU是一款语言学习应用程序，通过新闻报道、电影场景和采访等真实视频教你英语，并为所有级别的学习者提供学习工具。)”可知，FluentU提供视频作为学习资源。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lingodeer’s lessons are arranged according to themes, such as sports, weather, parts of the body and shopping. (Lingodeer的课程是根据主题来安排的，比如运动、天气、身体部位和购物。)”可知，学习者可以使用Lingodeer围绕一个主题学习。故选B项。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。本文主要讲述“无年龄骑行”通过组织人们一起骑自行车把陌生人变成朋友，让陌生人之间在骑行的过程中体会到了幸福感。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““Despite my deceased parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation,” said Lawrence, “and I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.” (劳伦斯说：“尽管我的父母去世了，但这让我与老一辈的人有了联系，我喜欢与他们共度时光，聆听他们的故事。”)”可知，劳伦斯在Cycling Without Age骑行的过程中可以让他与老一辈的人有了联系。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News. “In my friendships—and the ability to form new relationships at any age—are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.” (奥勒·卡斯索（Ole Kassow）创立了“无年龄骑行”（Cycling Without Age），他说这就是该项目的力量所在。他告诉哥伦比亚广播公司：“这些骑自行车的真正强大之处在于，它们将人们和故事联系在一起，创造新的关系。在我的友谊中，以及在任何年龄段建立新关系的能力，都是美好生活的定义，通常也是幸福长寿的定义。”)”可知，卡斯索提到“友谊”是为了体现该项目的价值所在。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Boettner said, “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.” (Boettner说：“当你带着一位101岁的女士骑车时，她紧紧握着你的手，对你说谢谢，并在你的脸颊上吻了一下，什么都不会比这更好。”)”可知，骑行让Boettner感到了满足感。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News. “In my friendships—and the ability to form new relationships at any age—are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.” (奥勒·卡斯索（Ole Kassow）创立了“无年龄骑行”（Cycling Without Age），他说这就是该项目的价值所在。他告诉哥伦比亚广播公司：“这些骑自行车的真正强大之处在于，它们将人们和故事联系在一起，创造新的关系。在我的友谊中，以及在任何年龄段建立新关系的能力，都是美好生活的定义，通常也是幸福长寿的定义。”)”可知，本文主要讲述“无年龄骑行”通过组织人们一起骑自行车把陌生人变成朋友，让陌生人之间在骑行的过程中体会到了幸福感。所以B选项“成为别人云中的彩虹”，符合题意。故选B。
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍减肥并不能解决所有的健康问题。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Hit the right number, and all your health problems will magically resolve, so the logic goes. Yet increasingly, science is revealing that losing weight may not be a silver bullet after all. (按正确的数字，你所有的健康问题都会神奇地解决，这就是逻辑。然而，越来越多的科学表明，减肥可能终究不是a silver bullet。)”可知，上下文是转折关系，减肥不能解决所有的健康问题，所以a silver bullet的意思是指“有效的解决办法”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers conducted experiments on mice that were fed a high-fat diet for 11 weeks, making them gain weight. The mice were then put on a diet of low-fat food for 9 weeks, making them lose weight. Another group of mice only ate the low-fat diet as a control. Researchers shot lasers into the eyes of both the yo-yo dieter mice and the control mice to encourage atypical blood vessel(非典型性血管) growth, a mark of macular degeneration. (研究人员对高脂肪饮食11周的小鼠进行了实验，使它们体重增加。然后，给小鼠喂食低脂食物9周，使其体重减轻。另一组小鼠只吃低脂饮食作为对照。研究人员向溜溜球减肥小鼠和对照小鼠的眼睛发射激光，以促进非典型血管生长，这是黄斑变性的标志。)”可知，研究人员通过对比的方法进行的实验。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain, even if followed by weight loss, leaves an inflammatory mark on mouse macrophages. (研究结果表明，食用高脂肪饮食会导致体重增加，即使随后体重下降，也会在小鼠巨噬细胞上留下炎症标记。)”可知，减肥并不能解决与体重增加相关的炎症。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The research comes during a period of renewed interest in anti-obesity drugs. But medicines that help people shed pounds do not treat inflammation linked to a history of weight gain. “How to engage these findings with medicine interventions is a challenge,” says Bapat, head of the research. (这项研究正值人们对抗肥胖药物重新产生兴趣的时期。但帮助人们减肥的药物并不能治疗与体重增加相关的炎症。研究负责人巴帕特说：“如何将这些发现与医学干预相结合是一个挑战。”)”可知，接下来他们要研究治疗肥胖相关的炎症。故选C。
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。密歇根大学通过模仿自然的光合作用，开发了一种新型太阳能电池板，它能高效地将水转化为氢。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen. This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor, typically the most expensive part of the device. (但最大的好处是降低了可持续氢的成本。这是通过减小半导体的尺寸实现的，半导体通常是设备中最昂贵的部分。)”可知，导致持续氢的低成本的原因是半导体的尺寸更小了。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“The new technology has two advances. (这项新技术有两个进步。 )”和第五段第一句“And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction.(第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。)”可知，这项新技术（新的太阳能电池板）的一个优势是创造性利用太阳光谱。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the semiconductor that traps the light. (首先是在不破坏捕获光的半导体的情况下集中太阳光的能力。)”和第五段第一句“And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. (第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。)”可知，文章提到新型太阳能电池板的两项进步是为了陈述其技术突破。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis.( 密歇根大学开发的一种新型太阳能电池板已经实现了高效地将水转化为氢和氧——模仿了自然光合作用的一个关键步骤(光合作用)。)”和第四段最后一句““Hydrogen produced by our technology could be very cheap.”(“用我们的技术生产氢气可能会非常便宜。”)”可知，本文主要讲了利用太阳能将水转化为氢和氧（本文重点强调了氢），且利用这个技术生产的氢非常便宜。D项“Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power(通过太阳能发电更便宜的氢)”作为标题，可以概括本文主旨。故选D项.山东省部分市2023届高三一模英语试卷阅读理解专题分类汇编原卷版
阅读理解专题
2023届山东省菏泽市高三一模英语试题
一、阅读理解
Beyond Body is a science-based fitness and nutrition program in the shape of the first personalized wellness book in the world. It makes developing sustainable healthy habits easier, while helping to improve mental health. It addresses the main problems that most weight loss programs have, motivating you to bring positive changes in all areas of your life.
The Beyond Body app helps you follow the program and track your progress. It goes beyond simple food ideas to provide meal plans, workouts, and lifestyle tips.
Who Is Beyond Body for
The Beyond Body program is for anybody who wants to lose weight by establishing lifelong health and fitness routines, but not ideal for vegetarians. It can help you drop pounds while enjoying long-lasting changes.
How to Begin with Beyond Body
The program starts with a quiz, including questions on body type, fitness level, health conditions, food preferences, and more. You must also enter your current and target weight. After completing a short quiz, you can choose between the hardcover or e-Book. You can also add the app for further assistance. Next, it creates a personalized meal plan and generates the Beyond Body book in both digital and physical formats. The book outlines your plan and offers advice on nutrition and fitness.
Beyond Body Pricing
The Beyond Body book costs $33. For this price, you get a hard copy and digital version, plus free shipping. For the assistant app, you must pay a monthly subscription fee. Within the app, you’ll find other checkout options, like consultations with a nutritionist.
1．What is Beyond Body used to do
A．Sell a book. B．Introduce an app.
C．Stress the importance of weight loss. D．Provide a program to lose weight.
2．How does the program begin
A．By adding an app. B．By filling a format.
C．By choosing a book. D．By completing a quiz.
3．What do we know about the Beyond Body app
A．It can be used for free. B．It focuses on mental health.
C．It tracks weight losing progress. D．It offers free online consultations.
Monica Bertagnolli is an oncologist (肿瘤学家) at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and a professor of surgery at Harvard Medical School. Growing up in Wyoming, she was well aware of the lack of health care resources in rural areas. Access to in-depth care for cancer patients is hard to get. She’s worked throughout her career to change that.
In Wyoming, there’s a great distance to travel between where people live and where they can find a cancer specialist. “If you need treatments and they have to be administered every day, and if it’s 120 miles from where you live, that ends up being a huge barrier to receiving the kind of care you need.”
And now Monica serves as the vice president of the Coalition (联盟) of Cancer Cooperative Groups (CCCG) — an international network of individuals who work to improve the quality of life and survival of cancer patients by increasing participation in cancer clinical trials.
She said, “One of the really important things is, we’re trying to make sure that cancer clinical trials can get to every single patient who needs them in my own state.” The coalition set up sites in northern and southern Wyoming that are able to run clinical trials. Before those trials became available, patients would usually go to Denver or Salt Lake City — a three-to-seven-hour drive.
Monica’s efforts to increase access to the health care needs of her rural Wyoming patients also include helping to develop new policies that will allow patients to participate in more clinical trials, and linking them with a regional doctor who can get them the access to the care they need.
In addition to the clinical trials, Monica said that technology’s progress like better cell phone and internet service in the mountains of Wyoming, as well as social media, has helped rural residents stay in touch with loved ones and medical professionals despite their distance. She is trying to advocate strongly for those changes to continue.
“I still consider myself part of Wyoming and I am very devoted to making sure that patients can get access to care.”
4．What do rural cancer patients in Wyoming need most
A．Health care. B．Better housing.
C．Further education. D．Public transportation.
5．How has Monica helped the cancer patients
A．By offering clinical trials. B．By advocating financial aid.
C．By improving internet service. D．By training medical professionals.
6．Which of the following can best describe Monica
A．Determined and loyal. B．Honest and generous.
C．Grateful and courageous. D．Devoted and responsible.
7．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Technology: A push for progress B．Monica: A helper for cancer patients
C．CCCG: A pioneer for cancer treatment D．Clinical trials: A hope for cancer patients
You’ve ordered a new pair of shoes online. They arrive; you rush to the front door and carry the box as you open it. You untie the laces, guide them toward your feet and they don’t fit.
So, back in the box they go and an hour later you drop them at the local collections store. It’s disappointing. The shoes have never been worn and they’ll be making their way to a new home soon. Right Wrong.
What does happen to our goods when we order online and then return them The reality is that much of it simply ends up in landfill (垃圾场). Each year, 5 billion pounds of waste is generated through returns in the world. In the US alone, customers return approximately 3.5 billion products, of which only 20% are actually faulty according to Optoro, a company which specializes in tackling the returns.
It turns out that returns create a real headache for companies. Many companies simply don’t have the technology to handle these faults in returned goods, so it is often most profitable for them to sell them cheaply to discounters via a web of shipping, driving and flying them around the globe, or to simply truck them to the dump.
Optoro’s software helps retailers (零售商) and manufacturers resell unsold goods more easily. They offer a number of options for retailers, including a website to resell their goods, called Blinq, as well as helping with re-routing goods to donation, store shelves, Amazon or eBay. They estimate their work helps reduce landfill waste by 70%.
Ann Starodaj, Senior Director of Sustainability at Optoro, says that while consumer habits might still be harmful, creating a profitable and environmentally friendly fashion model from start to finish is the way forward. “I don’t think people are going to stop buying stuff, but creating a business model where you’re making it easier for them to make sustainable choices is very important.”
8．What are the statistics in Paragraph 3 about
A．Waste disposal. B．Goods delivery.
C．Clothing Fashion. D．Waste returns.
9．Why do returns become a real headache for companies
A．Very little profit can be made. B．Related technology is not available.
C．Goods are damaged on purpose. D．No places can be found to bury them.
10．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．A difficult task. B．A marketing plan.
C．A practical solution. D．A producing process.
11．What does Ann Starodaj want to convey
A．Returns are easy to deal with.
B．People should stop buying goods online.
C．Consumer habits bring about harmful results.
D．It is vital to create a sustainable business model.
One person’s happiness causes a chain reaction that benefits not only their friends, but their friends’ friends, and their friends’ friends’ friends. The effect lasts for up to one year. The opposite, interestingly, is not the case: Sadness does not spread through social networks as strongly as happiness. Happiness appears to love company more so than misery.
Focusing on 4,739 individuals, Christakis and Fowler, who co-authored this study, observed more than 50,000 social and family ties and analyzed the spread of happiness throughout this group. The researchers found that when an individual becomes happy, a friend living within a mile experiences a 25 percent increased chance of becoming happy. A co-resident spouse (配偶) experiences an 8 percent increased chance, siblings (兄弟姐妹) living within one mile have a 14 percent increased chance, and for next-door neighbors, 34 percent. But the real surprise came with indirect relationships. Again, while an individual becoming happy increases his friend’s chances, a friend of that friend experiences a nearly 10 percent chance of increased happiness, and a friend of that friend has a 5.6 percent increased chance.
The researchers also found that, contrary to what your parents taught you, popularity does lead to happiness. People in the center of their network groups are the most likely people to become happy, and then there are chances that increase to the extent that the people surrounding them also have lots of friends. However, becoming happy does not help migrate a person from the network fringe (外围) to the center. Happiness spreads through the network without changing its structure.
“Imagine a bird’s eye view of a backyard party,” Fowler explains. “You’ll see people in groups at the center, and others on the fringe. The happiest people tend to be the ones in the center. But someone on the fringe who suddenly becomes happy, say through a particular exchange, doesn’t suddenly move into the center of the group. He simply stays where he is—only now he has a far more satisfying sense of well-being.”
Next time, if you’re happy and you know it, thank your friends—and their friends. And while you’re at it, their friends’ friends. But if you’re sad, hold the blame.
12．Who will be more likely to become happy as a man is happy according to the research
A．His wife. B．His next-door neighbors.
C．His brothers and sisters. D．A friend of his friend.
13．Why does Fowler mention a backyard party in Paragraph 4
A．To explain a rule. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To describe a fact. D．To make a prediction.
14．What does the research aim to tell us
A．Happiness changes social structures.
B．A social network is a double-edged sword.
C．Happiness goes hand in hand with sadness.
D．Happiness spreads through social networks.
15．What do we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Friends’ friends may bring you happiness.
B．Your friends are to blame for your sadness.
C．Your friends decide whether you are happy.
D．The happiest friends at party are on the fringe.
2023届山东省潍坊市高考模拟考试（一模）英语试题
一、阅读理解
Stay safe with Sonder
As a foreign student arriving in Australia, you may feel both excited and anxious. The prospect of arriving in a new country where you may have no friends or family nearby can be discouraging, particularly the thought of what you would do if you were involved in an accident or fell seriously ill.
Sonder Australia aims to lessen that worry by providing an Australia—wide, multilingual rapid response network, available on—demand 24/7 via a mobile app. The Sonder app has following unique features. When required, Sonder can also work with Murdoch to provide further wellbeing support.
24/7 helpIn urgent situations, the Help button automatically sends an alert to the Sonder Support Centre. Sonder immediately geo—locates you, establishing your exact location. You’ll get immediate support and, if required, a Liaison Officer will be sent to you for in—person assistance. Check on meIf you’re meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination, you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you’re OK. You can set a “Check On Me” duration from30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo—location technology to monitor you.
Safety alerts24/7 Sonder Support, Centre monitors minor and major events which could impact your safety. If we detect an incident occurring nearby your location, we’ll give you details and ask you to report as “safe” or “not safe”. If you report as “not safe”, we’ll take immediate action to ensure you get help. Track my journeyThe “Track My Journey” app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress, to ensure your safety at all times. This is particularly useful when travelling alone, late at night, or in an unfamiliar environment.
1．Who may be the text targeted at in Australia A．Taxi drivers. B．New settlers. C．International students. D．Travelers from abroad.
2．Which part of the app functions at a set time
A．24/7 help. B．Check on me. C．Safety alerts. D．Track my journey.
3．What technology is used in all the four features
A．Facial recognition. B．Voice interaction.
C．Geographical positioning. D．Cross—platform communication.
Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”
Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.
But one night, when he and Parker threw a 1960s—themed Christmas party, a solution appeared. Guests noticed the hundreds of letters they’d yet to act upon and asked about them. Glaub told them the story and his guests were intrigued. “A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’” And so was born Miracle on 22nd Street.
To spread the word, they started a website, , and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.
Last year, Glaub and Miracle on 22nd Street helped more than 800 families. Glaub no longer wonders why the letters come to the apartment. Putting in the long hours to help the families is what it’s all about for him. “It’s part of Christmas for me,” he says, “It wouldn’t be Christmas without it.”
4．What did the tenant think of receiving the letters in the apartment
A．Odd. B．Comic. C．Exciting. D．Disturbing.
5．What can be implied about the couple in paragraph 2
A．They got really bothered. B．They had tried their best.
C．They overcame the challenge. D．They were content with their new life.
6．What does the underlined word “intrigued” mean in paragraph 3
A．Interested. B．Relieved. C．Puzzled. D．Surprised.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．How a volunteer organization is formed.
B．How Miracle on 22nd Street is operated.
C．How a couple deal with the letters to Santa.
D．How donors purchase gifts for families in need.
The term “quiet quitting” went viral last year, describing people who stay in their jobs but mentally take a step back for example, working the bare minimum and not making their job the center of their lives. Now in 2023, there is a new workplace trend on the horizon, called “quiet hiring”.
Quiet hiring is a strategy used to fill the critical gaps in a company without hiring new employees. One company has a limited amount of talent and needs to make a call about where it’s going to have the best impact. This year it may need to add five more data scientists to its team to meet the strategic goals. As a solution, it may move five employees from another department only for a short time, like data analysts in the human resources and marketing department, into the five open data scientist roles.
In this case, the boss is saying, “We’re going to intentionally deprioritize support for HR and marketing for the next six months so that we can increase the productivity of our data science team, and we are saying this sound and clearly. Everyone knows this.” The important distinction with quiet hiring is that a company is openly communicating with employees about its priorities and moving employees to areas that serve those priorities, instead of just loading employees with more work or simply hiring more people.
While being assigned to a new role may seem scary, quiet hiring should be beneficial to employees. If you were asked to take on additional responsibilities, it would indicate your value. Meantime you might say, “If it’s not possible to increase my payment, can we make it so that I can work from home five days a week, reducing my commute（通勤）costs Or, could I work flexible hours, making it easier for me to live the rest of my life ” An individual conversation may be ineffective. If you’re part of a department or team being asked to switch roles, employ that power and approach human resources as a group.
8．What does the strategy of quiet hiring refer to
A．Adding more positions. B．Training new employees.
C．Employing new talent secretly. D．Shifting existing staff to new posts.
9．What is the feature of a company’s handling quiet hiring
A．Innovations are highly valued.
B．Employees are burdened with overwork.
C．Roles of departments are changed regularly.
D．Personnel changes are announced beforehand.
10．What suggestion does the author offer to employees
A．Negotiate on extra jobs. B．Take on new roles as a team.
C．Shoulder more duties on work. D．Balance between work and life.
11．Which is a suitable tile for the text
A．Hiring more or less B．Quiet quitting or quiet hiring
C．Quiet hiring: A workplace debate D．Quiet hiring: An upcoming tendency
In the endless sky, the unaided human eye should be able to perceive several thousand stars on a clear, dark night. Unfortunately, growing light pollution has disabled people from the nightly view.
New citizen-science-based research throws alarming light on the problem of “sky glow”—the diffuse illumination(漫射照明) of the night sky that is a form of light pollution. The data came from crowd-sourced observations collected from around the world as part of Globe at Night, a program developed by astronomer Connie Walker.
Light pollution has harmful effects on the practice of astronomy but also on human health and wildlife, since it disturbs the cycle from sunlight to starlight that biological systems have evolved alongside. Furthermore, the loss of visible stars is a great loss of human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans throughout history had an impressive view of the starry night sky, and the effect of this nightly spectacle(壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.
Globe at Night has been gathering data on star visibility since 2006. Anyone can submit observations through the Globe at Night web application. Participants record which one best matches what they can see in the sky without any telescopes or other instruments.
Researchers find that the loss of visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness of 9. 6% per year while roughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are not well suited to measuring sky glow as it appears to humans, because they can not detect wavelengths shorter than 500 nanometers(纳米). White LEDs, with shorter wavelengths under 500 nanometers, now are increasingly commonly used in outdoor lighting. But human eyes are more sensitive to these shorter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments do not measure light from windows, either. But these sources are significant contributors to sky glow us seen from the ground.
“The increase in sky glow over the past decade underlines the importance of redoubling our efforts and developing new strategies to protect dark skies,” said Walker. “The Globe at Night dataset is necessary in our ongoing evaluation of changes in sky glow, and we encourage whoever can to get involved to help protect the starry night sky.”
12．What is a purpose of Globe at Night
A．To develop new light sources. B．To collect data on star visibility.
C．To help astronomers explore space. D．To popularize science among citizens.
13．What does the loss of visible stars lead to
A．Poorer human health. B．Fewer wildlife species.
C．More delicate biological systems. D．Less nightly culture elements of the sky.
14．What does the author stress in paragraph 5
A．Satellites play a vital role. B．White LEDs are widely used.
C．Crowd-sourced data are invaluable. D．Shorter wavelengths are hard to detect.
15．What can be inferred from Walker’s words
A．Their consistent efforts pay off. B．The dataset needs to be updated.
C．More participants are expected to join in. D．The sky glow has been over—emphasized.
2023届山东省枣庄市高三第一次调研英语试卷
一、阅读理解
It’s hard to imagine any gifts more convenient than online flower delivery. There is no driving to the local florist shop, no waiting on hold, and no searching for a phone number for a flower delivery service in the area you need to send. You simply select the bouquet or arrangement, and enter the delivery and payment information. Besides, many offer additional gifts including gift baskets, chocolates, teddy bears and so on.
Fast Flower Delivery Online
When you buy flowers online, you can get flower delivery just as fast as if you place the order in person or over the phone. If you place your order early in the day with an Internet florist, many of the best can deliver on the same day.
Send Flowers for Less
Customers often find better prices when buying on the Internet, because online flower shops typically have lower prices and more discount deals. These shops have less overhead (运营费用) and costs, so they can pass the savings on to the customer. In addition, you usually get a much better deal, especially at busy holidays such as Valentine’s Day, Easter, Mother’s Day, Christmas, etc.
Spectacular Flower Selection
A typical local flower shop does not have a big selection to choose, and also, when you order flowers over the phone you can’t see what you’ll get. Online flower shops have pictures, and still many have a spectacular selection to choose from. Plus, if one Internet florist doesn’t have what you want, it’ll take just a few seconds to buy flowers online from another florist site.
1．What might you get on a special holiday
A．Faster delivery. B．Wider choices. C．More discount. D．Extra gifts.
2．In which aspect is online flower delivery better than over the phone
A．You see pictures of the flowers.
B．You needn’t drive to the shop.
C．You can pay afterwards.
D．You have a faster service.
3．What is the purpose of the text
A．To show the advantages of online shopping.
B．To help run an online floral business.
C．To advertise an online flower shop.
D．To promote online flower delivery.
I still remember my father’s embarrassment the day when he was invited to have dinner at a colleague’s house. Freshly arriving in Brazil, and not being able to look up on the Internet, he offended his hosts by making a hand gesture — a circle with the thumb and index finger. He had always understood it to mean “OK”, but in Brazil, it meant something different.
The episode was swiftly forgotten. My father’s colleague understood that he probably wasn’t yet aware of the local meaning of the gesture. He gently explained it meant something rude, and then it was filed away under “things not to be done in Rio”.
I was reminded myself in China. After I replied to a friend’s WeChat message with a Van Gogh sticker that I thought meant “keep fighting”, another friend told me I used it wrong.
“The Chinese version is a bit different,” she said, taking out her phone and showing to me. “See these characters They mean ‘I will hit you!’”
Life is full of crossed meanings. In India, you sign to someone to come over with your palm down, not up. And in the Middle East, you never use your left hand for anything public.
As adults, we understand that even if it hurts, a mistake is only an insult (侮辱) when it is deliberate. Yet, many conflicts come from misunderstanding, and history is full of the unfortunate outcomes of cross-cultural communication.
My father’s pre-Internet Brazilian mistake was forgiven because of context — he had just arrived and he didn’t know its local meaning. But when context is absent or simply differently understood — especially in the social media — perhaps it is time we all think twice before typing or talking, especially when the consequences can be more severe than the misuse of a WeChat sticker.
4．What is the topic of the text
A．Cultural difference. B．Language and culture.
C．Sign language. D．Good manners.
5．What does the author want to show by telling his father’s story
A．The OK sign means differently in Brazil.
B．Cross-cultural mistakes are common.
C．The Internet helps to avoid mistakes.
D．Misunderstandings lead to bad results.
6．What did the author mean to do by using the Van Gogh sticker
A．To greet his friend. B．To encourage his friend.
C．To threaten his friend. D．To make fun of his friend.
7．What might result in if there is no context
A．Cultural conflicts. B．Forgiveness. C．Cultural gaps. D．Mutual respect.
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia, near Afghanistan and Iran. In Darvaza, one of its villages, there is a very interesting feature. It is a massive hole in the ground-about 20 metres (65 feet) deep and 60 metres (196 feet) across. The enormous pit has been on fire for more than 50 years.
Why is the crater on fire The most popular theory is that in 1971, a team of geologists from the then-Soviet Union were drilling in the country’s Karakum Desert to try to find gas. The ground under the drill collapsed and methane (甲烷) gas began to escape into the air. The geologists decided the safest thing to do was to burn off the gas by lighting it on fire. They thought the fire would burn for only a few weeks. However, it has been burning steadily for more than 50 years.
According to a BBC article, Canadian explorer George Kourounis discovered in 2013 that “no one actually knows how this… inferno came to be.” But, now the crater may finally be extinguished.
Turkmenistan’s president, Mr. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, has asked scientists in the country to figure out how to put out the burning crater. He went on the country’s state-run television station on January 8 to encourage experts to find a way to stop the fire.
One of the reasons he wants the crater to be put out is that the country can collect the gas that fuels it. Gas is a very important and valuable resource and can be used for many purposes. If it’s just burning off, the gas cannot be used or sold. According to the website , the crater sits on the fourth largest reserve of natural gas in the world. Another reason the president may want the crater put out is to stop the harmful effects, to humans and the environment, of the burning gas.
8．Why did the geologists light the crater
A．To test the quality of the gas.
B．To exhaust the underground gas.
C．To prevent explosion of the gas.
D．To stop the escape of the gas.
9．What does the underlined word “inferno” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The article. B．The theory. C．The fire. D．The president.
10．What does Turkmenistan’s president want to do
A．To protect the crater.
B．To find the reason of the fire.
C．To seek help from the public.
D．To exploit and use the gas.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．The Fire Crater May Soon Be Put Out
B．A Peculiar Scenic Spot in Turkmenistan
C．The Crater Burning for Fifty Years
D．The Harmful Effects of the Burning Gas
Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca has a well-developed sense of smell. It was able to distinguish cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans. But more clinical tests must be carried out before the findings could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said.
In the research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants, smelling cells under a laboratory setting. First, the ants were exposed to the smell of a sample of cancerous human cells. This odor (气味) was then associated with a reward of sugar solution. Then, the researchers exposed the ants to two different odors. One was a new smell and the other was the smell of the cancerous cells. Once this test was successful, the researchers exposed the ants to different cancerous cells. As such, the scientists found that “ants discriminate between cancerous and healthy cells and between two cancerous lines.” After training, Formica fusca ants are able to detect volatile organic compounds of cancerous cells.
This study shows that ants are capable of learning very quickly, at lower cost, and are efficient, points out CNRS in a news release. This isn’t the first time that scientists have used animals to locate cancerous cells. Dogs’ noses are well suited for medical diagnosis and used for the detection of cancer-specific. However, training them to do so requires several months to a year.
On the other hand, insects can be easily raised in controlled conditions. They are inexpensive, and have a very well-developed smell system. Hundreds of individuals can be conditioned with very few trials. Ants therefore represent a fast, efficient, inexpensive and highly discriminant detection tool for detection of cancer cell, the team explained.
12．What do we know about the findings
A．They are the first findings in animals.
B．They can be used to treat cancer.
C．They are useful in varieties of fields.
D．They need further experiments.
13．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The research tools and methods.
B．The process of the research.
C．The application of the findings.
D．Formica fusca’s magic power.
14．In which aspect are ants better than dogs according to the research
A．They have a sharper sense of smell.
B．They are more intelligent than dogs.
C．They take less time to be trained.
D．They perform better in laboratory settings.
15．Where is this text most likely from
A．A guidebook. B．A novel. C．A diary. D．A magazine.
2023届山东省济南市高三一模英语试题
一、阅读理解
If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that fat If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories.
Running
“Running is one of the best caloric burners out there,” qualified personal trainer Daniel Saltos says. An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1000 calories in one hour of running. “Speed, pace, and tolerance are all factors that can impact this range. But running uses every muscle group in the body, allowing you to burn more calories.”
Swimming
“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes,” Saltos says. Swimming also improves heart health and increases strength—all great reasons for playing in the water.
Boxing
Not only is boxing a great way to release energy, but it also helps improve balance, builds up tolerance and strengthens the upper body and core. “Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session,” Saltos says.
Rowing
The pushing and pulling motion of rowing machines targets multiple muscle groups including the arms, core, and back, helping you to burn more calories. “An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average,” Saltos says.
1．Which sport can burn the most calories per hour
A．Boxing. B．Running.
C．Swimming. D．Rowing.
2．What is the advantage of swimming according to the text
A．It enhances balance. B．It improves tolerance.
C．It produces low impact. D．It builds muscle groups.
3．Who is the text intended for
A．Great athletes. B．Fitness experts.
C．Sports reporters. D．Overweight persons.
Lam Hon-ming, director of the State Key Laboratory at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is a top expert in soybean (大豆) research. Since 1998, Lam’s team has been cooperating with scientists in Chinese mainland. In 2010, he came across Zhang Guohong, an agricultural expert from Gansu, China, at a national soybean conference. With the same major, they hit it off and decided to improve farmers’ lives and promote local agriculture.
Farmers in Gansu depend largely on the weather for their livelihood, mainly on rainfall, which is also a cause of severe poorness in the area. In 2016, they developed three new soybean varieties suited to salty soil and rare rainfall of Northwest China. All received official government approval.
As the land in Northwest China is not suitable for the growth of common varieties of soybeans, local farmers never planted soybeans, and it became a major problem for spreading new soybeans. Lam and Zhang increased communication with farmers through various ways. To ensure farmers’ income, Lam struck a partnership with a Hong Kong food company that will purchase all soybeans at market price when they are harvested.
By 2020, the planting area of the three approved soybeans in Gansu had gone beyond 2.4 million square kilometers, covering 46 of the province’s 80-plus counties, and the output had reached 7.71 million kilograms, adding about 30 million yuan to local farmers’ income.
Zhang said that Professor Lam’s contribution has greatly pushed the poorness relief and agricultural research in Northwest China. “It is hard to keep doing agricultural research with less funding. And it is more difficult to travel from Hong Kong to the poor areas of the Northwest to do agricultural research,” he added. In the future, Lan will continue to work with mainland scientists and lead more “Hong Kong power” into the development of the country’s Northwest.
4．What can we know about the two scientists from Paragraph 1
A．They are friends since 1998. B．They both major in agriculture.
C．They once served in the same lab. D．They met by chance in Hong Kong.
5．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Rainfall is not enough. B．The locals lived a poor life.
C．Little land is rich in nutrition. D．The farmers never planted soybeans.
6．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A．More work needs to be done. B．All farmers become better-off.
C．The two scientists are successful. D．Soybeans grow throughout Gansu.
7．Which of the following can best describe Lam Hon-ming
A．Dependent. B．Honest. C．Open-minded. D．Devoted.
The AIDA model is the foundation of modern marketing and advertising practice. It outlines the four basic steps used to persuade potentials to make a purchase. The first three steps lie in creating attention (A), decorating interest (I), and building desire (D) for the product, before the fourth step — the “call to action” (A) — tells them exactly how and where to buy. AIDA can channel the customer’s feelings through each stage toward reaching a sale.
Attracting the customer’s attention is the first challenge and this may be achieved by using an attracting phrase or picture. Once someone’s attention has been clutched, it must be turned into real interest. This is best done by providing a brief description of the product’s benefits to the consumer rather than simply listing the product’s main features or problem-solving claims.
Now, it is time to transform that interest into a desire for a product or service. This is where consumers need to believe their lives could be better by possessing the product. It could be a vital step towards turning a potential into a real customer.
“Call-to-action” is where all of the initial hard work pays off and leads to the action from a potential customer. For example, they might pick up the phone to discuss the idea of a trial of the services or, alternatively, they may just buy that product or service that has been promoted to them all along.
And AIDA is used to great effect in the movie industry. Movie studios begin their marketing campaigns months in advance. The campaigns develop by offering attractive flashes of the movie without giving too much away. Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview which is fully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie, from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue on the opening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie’s release, inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket.
8．What is the purpose of practising AIDA
A．To create jobs. B．To increase sales.
C．To research markets. D．To introduce products.
9．What does the underlined word “clutched” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Seized. B．Freed. C．Cheated. D．Affected.
10．In which stage of the AIDA model may a customer call to try the service
A．Action. B．Interest. C．Desire. D．Attention.
11．Why does the author mention the movie industry in the last paragraph
A．To design an AIDA model. B．To display how AIDA works.
C．To show how to make a movie. D．To advertise the movie industry.
According to a study done by University of Michigan, shopping to reduce stress was 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad than those only looking at items.
More than half of the 1,000 consumers surveyed by Credit Karma, head researcher of the study, said they have shopped to deal with feelings of stress or depression. About 48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress shopping said they had purchased alcohol when stressed. About 82 percent of women spend on clothing compared to 52 percent of men. Women also lead shopping for jewellery, 42 percent, compared to 22 percent for men.
In some sense, stress shopping can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. The survey found 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood was long-lasting. However, stress shopping, for many, could grow into a drive that uses up money, causes conflict, and therefore adds great stress to life.
Despite the in-time joy from purchases, stress shopping never proves a long-lasting cure to stress or depression. Actually it needs to be avoided anyhow. Whether you’re purchasing Christmas presents or buying groceries having the items you need written down will provide you with brightness while shopping. Reward yourself for sticking to your list and you’ll be more likely to commit to it.
In addition always think about what you struggle with most financially. Do you spend too much money at the mall Eating out Vacations Make a list of where your money is going and take necessary steps to resist your desire. For example, if you spend too much money on dining out on weekends, stuff your cupboard with food on Friday. So you’ll be more likely to stay in and cook. And you need to give up the need to keep up with others. Everyone’s financial situation is different and comparison may lead to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.
12．Why does the author mention those numbers in Paragraph 2
A．To support an idea. B．To attract readers.
C．To call for actions. D．To introduce a topic.
13．Which of the following may help deal with stress shopping
A．Stimulating desires. B．Recording spendings.
C．Turning to medicines. D．Comparing with others.
14．What is the author’s attitude to stress shopping
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Negative.
15．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Does shopping benefit us B．More stressed, women or men
C．Should we compare with others D．Can stress shopping reduce stress
2023届山东省临沂市高三一模英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As a language learning enthusiast, I’ve come up with the best apps for learning English from the thousands of mobile apps out there.
Best for Pronunciation: ELSA Speak
ELSA Speak is probably the best mobile app around for helping you improve your English pronunciation. The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback, but ELSA also provides mini-training sessions to really perfect your pronunciation. The AI analyzes your recordings based on pronunciation, intonation and fluency then points out exactly which parts sound inaccurate.
Best for Immersing in English Videos: FluentU
FuentU is a language learning app that teaches you English through authentic videos like news reports, movie scenes and interviews, with learner tools for all levels. Each clip has interactive subtitles so if you’re not sure what a word means, you can hover over it and get in explanation. The app also gives video examples for each word so you can learn vocabulary in context.
Best for Practical Topics: Babbel
Babbel has you learn and practice English with realistic conversations that surround things that you’re personally interested in. Lessons are short and consist of written and audio versions of the grammar featured in the lessons. Then you are able to complete practice exercises to solidify your understanding.
Best for Fun Beginner Lessons: Lingodeer
Lingodeer uses games and short exercises to teach beginner and intermediate English learners. Lingodeer takes a gamified approach to language learning with a goal-oriented curriculum consisting of structured lessons and regular reviews. Lingodeer’s lessons are arranged according to themes, such as sports, weather, parts of the body and shopping.
1. What is the feature of ELSA Speak
A. It analyzes learners’ recordings. B. It provides guidance for learners.
C. It gives learners helpful feedback. D. It improves learners’ communication skill.
2. Which app provides videos as learning resources
A. FluentU. B. ELSA Speak. C. Babbel. D. Lingodeer.
3. What can learners do with the app Lingodeer
A. Design games. B. Study around a theme.
C. Structure lessons. D. Take advanced courses.
B
From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves.
Hugh Lyon and David Lawrence, who are roughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding together for years. The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw—a bike with a passenger seat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides. They go for rides about once a week, often discussing the history of their town.
“Despite my deceased parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation,” said Lawrence, “and I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.”
The pair have formed a friendship outside of cycling. Lawrence said he calls Lyon often and goes to the gym with him to help him with exercises he can’t do on his own.
Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News. “In my friendships—and the ability to form new relationships at any age—are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.”
John Boettner started the Santa Barbara chapter. He has one rule for passengers. “They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride ’ I say, ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked. He said he likes when they hit red lights, because it gives them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said, “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.”
4. What did Lawrence benefit from Cycling Without Age
A. Picking up forgotten stories. B. Improving his health condition.
C. Understanding his parents’ love. D. Creating a relationship with seniors.
5. Why did Ole Kassow mention “friendships”
A. To share the pleasure of cycling. B. To state the nature of happiness.
C. To show the value of the program. D. To introduce the definition of a good life.
6. What can we learn from Boettner’s words in the last paragraph
A. The program needs to be advertised. B. Passengers have to pay for their rides.
C. Red lights connect people on the road. D. Bike riders feel fulfilled by offering rides.
7. What message does the passage convey
A. A sweet frienship refreshes the soul. B. Be a rainbow in somebody else’s cloud.
C. Don’t go through life, grow through life. D. Happiness is a journey, not a destination.
C
For anyone trying to lose weight, there’s a truth we can all universally acknowledge that better health is often positioned as a numbers game. Hit the right number, and all your health problems will magically resolve, so the logic goes. Yet increasingly, science is revealing that losing weight may not be a silver bullet after all. In a mouse study published in the journal Science, looking specifically at an inflammatory(炎症的) eye condition linked to obesity called macular degeneration(黄斑退化), researchers found the struggle for better health doesn’t necessarily begin and end with weight loss.
Researchers conducted experiments on mice that were fed a high-fat diet for 11 weeks, making them gain weight. The mice were then put on a diet of low-fat food for 9 weeks, making them lose weight. Another group of mice only ate the low-fat diet as a control. Researchers shot lasers into the eyes of both the yo-yo dieter mice and the control mice to encourage atypical blood vessel(非典型性血管) growth, a mark of macular degeneration.
Among the mice that had gained and then lost weight, there was about 40 percent more atypical blood vessel growth than their stable diet peers. Driving the growth appeared to be macrophages(巨噬细胞). In the yo-yo dieter mice, these cells had been reprogrammed to cause inflammation. Taken together, these cells appeared to have an outsize role in atypical blood vessel growth in the eyes. Meanwhile, in the mice fed only a low-fat diet, inflammatory changes were absent. The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain, even if followed by weight loss, leaves an inflammatory mark on mouse macrophages.
The research comes during a period of renewed interest in anti-obesity drugs. But medicines that help people shed pounds do not treat inflammation linked to a history of weight gain. “How to engage these findings with medicine interventions is a challenge,” says Bapat, head of the research.
8. Which of the following best explains “a silver bullet” underlined in paragraph1
A. A workable solution. B. A tough choice.
C. An ultimate objective. D. A major challenge.
9. How do researchers carry out the experiment
A. By making comparison. B. By listing examples.
C. By controling test methods. D. By analyzing diet components.
10. What can we learn about the research results
A. Stable dieting drives the growth of macrophages.
B Reprogrammed cells are to blame for weight gain.
C. Inflammatory changes are caused by the low-fat diet.
D. Losing weight doesn’t resolve the inflammation tied to weight gain.
11. What will the research focus on next
A. Exploring ways of losing weight. B. Tracking the history of weight loss.
C. Treating obesity-linked inflammation. D. Boosting interest in anti-obesity drugs.
D
A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis(光合作用). The outdoor version of the experiment, with less reliable sunlight and temperature, achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy from the sun into hydrogen fuel. However, indoors, the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen. This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor(半导体), typically the most expensive part of the device. The team’s self-healing semiconductor withstands concentrated light equivalent to 160 suns.
“We believe that artificial photosynthesis devices will be much more efficient than natural photosynthesis, which will provide a path toward carbon neutrality,” said Zetian Mi, U-M professor of electrical and computer engineering who led the study reported in Nature.
The new technology has two advances. The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the semiconductor that traps the light. “We reduced the size of the semiconductor by more than 100 times compared to some semiconductors only working at low light intensity,” said Peng Zhou, U-M research fellow in electrical and computer engineering and first author of the study. “Hydrogen produced by our technology could be very cheap.”
And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. The magic is enabled by a semiconductor catalyst(催化剂) that improves itself with use, resisting the degradation(降解) that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight to drive chemical reactions.
The next challenges the team intends to tackle are to further improve the efficiency and to achieve superhigh purity hydrogen that can be directly fed into fuel cells.
12. What leads to the lower cost of sustainable hydrogen
A. Solar energy. B. Smaller semiconductors.
C. Natural photosynthesis. D. More concentrated light.
13. What is an advantage of the new technology
A. A catalyst easily available. B. Creative use of the solar spectrum.
C. Outstanding ability to reflect light. D. A semiconductor working at low light intensity.
14. Why are the two advances of the new solar panel mentioned
A. To introduce a greener lifestyle. B. To promote its commercial value.
C. To state its technical breakthrough. D. To advertise the potential application.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A.New Trend in Water Usage B. The Future of Sustainable Hydrogen
C. Solar Energy:More Efficient, Greener D. Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power