外研版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit6 Earth first Using language 能力提升练(有答案)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit6 Earth first Using language 能力提升练(有答案) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-28 19:36:57 | ||
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Unit6 Using language 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
（2020黑龙江鹤岗一中高一上期末）
Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1998, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,4000 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, and never completely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifespans greatly.
The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. It's a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical lines are put inside, the plastic walls will be covered with concrete （混凝土）-both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house17℃ cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside.
The village is the idea of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, in which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process.
The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals around the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize（使无效）the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving you’re your "footprints".
1. What do the figures in the first paragraph show
A. The reason for buying fewer drinks.
B. The seriousness of plastic pollution.
C. The amount of plastic waste.
D. The difficult situation of wildlife.
2. Why are the homes in the village special
A. They' re green buildings.
B. They' re 17C warmer inside.
C. They stop plastic pollution.
D. They' re entirely made of plastic bottles.
3. What can we know from the passage
A. Plastic bottles are difficult to break down so they are liked by fish and birds.
B. Robert Bezeau is the leader of a community in Panama responsible for the project.
C. The project of the Plastic Bottle Village can raise people's environmental awareness.
D. Individuals can learn how to produce plastic bottles without polluting the environment.
4. What would be the best title of the passage
A. An Eco-Friendly Plastic Bottle Village
B. The Negative Effects of Plastic Bottles
C. How to Collect Deserted Plastic Bottles
D. How to Popularize the Use of Plastic Bottles
B
Record fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change a and threaten biodiversity（生物多样性）.
As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called "the lungs of the Earth". It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and 1 million local people. The vast lands of rainforest play an important role in the world's ecosystem because t they take in heat instead of reflecting it back into the atmosphere. They also store carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.
"Any destruction of forests is a threat to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity," Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. "The shocking threat is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere," he stressed. "Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected," the U. N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.
Data from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year. A total of 71,497 forest fires were recorded in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018. "It's reported that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months," Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose drop could have severe results for the global climate and rainfall. The size of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has transcended（超出）Brazil's border, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian a areas.
5. What is the second paragraph mainly talking about
A. The effects of climate change.
B. The role of the Amazon rainforest.
C. The results of the Amazon rainforest fires.
D. The causes of the decreasing biodiversity.
6. Which of the following best explains "mitigating underlined in Paragraph 2
A. Easing.
B. Causing.
C. Worsening.
D. Benefiting.
7. What can we learn from Thomas's and Antonio's words
A. The biodiversity makes the rainforest unique.
B. The rainforest fires result in serious consequences.
C. The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.
D. The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.
8. Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A. Sports and music.
B. Science and technology.
C. Nature and geography.
D. Business and culture.
二、语法填空
（2021福建宁德高一上期末质量检测）
As we all know, it is often 1 big challenge to keep the right balance between development and the protection of cultural sites. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile 2 (control) floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal 3 (lead) to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics 4 were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage. After 5 (listen) to the scientists who had studied the problem and the nearby citizens, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee 6 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. The group asked for 7 (contribution) from different departments and raised funds within the 8 (globe) community. They completed the project 9 (successful) by taking down temples and other cultural relics piece 10 piece and putting them together again in a place where they were safe.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塑料污染及巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶社区的相关情况。
1.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子，这些瓶子需要几百年才能分解成细小的塑料碎片，并且永远不会完全消失，这种废弃物对鱼和鸟类的寿命会产生消极影响。由此可知，第一段中的这些数字旨在说明塑料污染的严峻性，故选B项。这些数字在讲人消耗塑料瓶的数量，并没有说明A项“买更少饮料的原因”和C项“塑料废物的数量”。第一段最后一句中虽然提到鱼类和鸟类在吃掉废弃物后寿命会缩短，但D项“野生动物的困难处境”与第一段中的数字并无直接关系，故不选。
2.A推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，这个村庄房子的主要建筑材料是用过的塑料瓶。由此可推断出，这些房子的特殊之处在于它们都是环保建筑，故选A项。根据第二段中the material will keep the house 17℃ cooler than the outside知塑料瓶房屋的材料可以使屋子比户外要冷17℃，故B项不正确。C项“它们阻止塑料污染”这一表述过于绝对，故不正确。第二段中提到塑料瓶社区中房屋的建造材料有钢铁、电线和混凝土等，故D项“它们完全用塑料瓶制造”不正确。
3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment.可知，此项目想让人们意识到这些瓶子制造的垃圾，这样他们就会为环保做得更多，即提高人们的环保意识，故选C项。
4.A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上百年时间才能分解而且不会完全消失，还会让鱼类和鸟类缩短寿命，对环境有害。为了能让我们不被塑料所掩埋，巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶房屋，这种房子非常环保。故选A项。B项“塑料瓶的消极影响”和C项“如何收集被丢弃的塑料瓶”在文中有所涉及，但不能概括整个文章大意，D项“如何推广塑料瓶的使用”偷换概念，文中讲的是如何减少塑料瓶带来的不良影响，而不是推广其使用方法，故不选。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，亚马孙森林火灾会加剧气候变化，威胁生物多样性。亚马孙雨林的退化可能对全球气候和降雨量造成严重影响。
5.B主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called "the lungs of the Earth".可知，本段主要介绍了亚马孙雨林的重要作用，故选B项。由第二段最后一句可知，亚马孙雨林的存在会减轻气候
变化的影响，但与A项“气候变化的影响”不是同一层面的概念，故不选。C项“亚马孙雨林火灾的影响”以及D项“生物多样性减少的原因”在第二段均未提及。
6.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的第二段最后一句They also store carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.可推知，画线词mitigating意为“减轻”。ease“减轻，缓解”，故选A项。B项“引起，导致”，C项“恶化”和D项“有益于”均不符合题意。
7.B推理判断题。根据第三段中“Any destruction of forests is a t threat to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity" 及 "The shocking threat is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere, "he stressed. "Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected," 可推知，热带雨林火灾会造成严重的后果，故选B项。在第三段Thomas和Antonio的话中均未谈到引起热带雨林火灾的原因，故C、D两项不选。A项“生物多样性使热带雨林与众不同”在第三段也未提及，故不选。
8.C推理判断题。根据第一段可推知，这篇文章极可能取自杂志的自然和地理版块，故选C项。A项“体育和音乐”，B项“科学和技术”以及D项“商业和文化”均与文章主题不相关。
二、语法填空
语篇解读：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了埃及政府的水利工程由于会造成对文物的破坏，遭到群众的抵制后，政府成立了一个委员会，筹募资金，最终成功保护了文物。
1.a考查冠词。句意：我们都知道，在发展和保护文化遗址之间保持适当的平衡常常是一个巨大的挑战。challenge为可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一个巨大的挑战”，应用不定冠词，而big以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.to control考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪50年代，埃及政府想要在尼罗河上修建一座新的大坝，以控制洪水、发电，并向该地区更多的农民供水。此处为动词不定式，表目的。故填to control。
3.led考查动词时态。句意：但是这项提议引起了抗议。根据上下文可知，此处是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填led。
4.which/that考查定语从句。句意：大坝的水可能会破坏大量的庙宇和文物，而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词是cultural relics，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。故填which或that。
5.listening考查非谓语动词。句意：在听取了研究过这个问题的科学家和附近居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。空格前为介词After，设空处应用动名词。故填listening。
6.was established考查动词的时态及语态。句意：为限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物流失，（政府）成立了一个委员会。主语A committee与动词establish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据语境可知，应使用一般过去时。故填was established。
7.contributions考查名词复数。句意：该组织向不同部门寻求捐款，并在全球社区内筹集资金。设空处contribution意为“捐款”，为可数名词。根据下文中 "different departments and raised funds" 可知，此处contribution应用复数形式。故填contributions。
8.global考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词community，应用形容词作定语。故填global。
9.successfully考查副词。句意：他们把寺庙和其他文物一点一点地拆了下来，并把它们重新组合在一个安全的地方，从而成功地完成了工程。此处修饰动词completed，作状语，应用副词形式。故填successfully。
l0.by考查介词。句意同上。固定短语piece by piece意为“一点一点地”。故填by。
2 / 2
一、阅读理解
（2020黑龙江鹤岗一中高一上期末）
Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1998, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,4000 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, and never completely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifespans greatly.
The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. It's a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical lines are put inside, the plastic walls will be covered with concrete （混凝土）-both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house17℃ cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside.
The village is the idea of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, in which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process.
The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals around the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize（使无效）the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving you’re your "footprints".
1. What do the figures in the first paragraph show
A. The reason for buying fewer drinks.
B. The seriousness of plastic pollution.
C. The amount of plastic waste.
D. The difficult situation of wildlife.
2. Why are the homes in the village special
A. They' re green buildings.
B. They' re 17C warmer inside.
C. They stop plastic pollution.
D. They' re entirely made of plastic bottles.
3. What can we know from the passage
A. Plastic bottles are difficult to break down so they are liked by fish and birds.
B. Robert Bezeau is the leader of a community in Panama responsible for the project.
C. The project of the Plastic Bottle Village can raise people's environmental awareness.
D. Individuals can learn how to produce plastic bottles without polluting the environment.
4. What would be the best title of the passage
A. An Eco-Friendly Plastic Bottle Village
B. The Negative Effects of Plastic Bottles
C. How to Collect Deserted Plastic Bottles
D. How to Popularize the Use of Plastic Bottles
B
Record fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change a and threaten biodiversity（生物多样性）.
As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called "the lungs of the Earth". It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and 1 million local people. The vast lands of rainforest play an important role in the world's ecosystem because t they take in heat instead of reflecting it back into the atmosphere. They also store carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.
"Any destruction of forests is a threat to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity," Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. "The shocking threat is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere," he stressed. "Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected," the U. N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.
Data from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year. A total of 71,497 forest fires were recorded in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018. "It's reported that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months," Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose drop could have severe results for the global climate and rainfall. The size of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has transcended（超出）Brazil's border, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian a areas.
5. What is the second paragraph mainly talking about
A. The effects of climate change.
B. The role of the Amazon rainforest.
C. The results of the Amazon rainforest fires.
D. The causes of the decreasing biodiversity.
6. Which of the following best explains "mitigating underlined in Paragraph 2
A. Easing.
B. Causing.
C. Worsening.
D. Benefiting.
7. What can we learn from Thomas's and Antonio's words
A. The biodiversity makes the rainforest unique.
B. The rainforest fires result in serious consequences.
C. The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.
D. The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.
8. Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A. Sports and music.
B. Science and technology.
C. Nature and geography.
D. Business and culture.
二、语法填空
（2021福建宁德高一上期末质量检测）
As we all know, it is often 1 big challenge to keep the right balance between development and the protection of cultural sites. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile 2 (control) floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal 3 (lead) to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics 4 were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage. After 5 (listen) to the scientists who had studied the problem and the nearby citizens, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee 6 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. The group asked for 7 (contribution) from different departments and raised funds within the 8 (globe) community. They completed the project 9 (successful) by taking down temples and other cultural relics piece 10 piece and putting them together again in a place where they were safe.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塑料污染及巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶社区的相关情况。
1.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子，这些瓶子需要几百年才能分解成细小的塑料碎片，并且永远不会完全消失，这种废弃物对鱼和鸟类的寿命会产生消极影响。由此可知，第一段中的这些数字旨在说明塑料污染的严峻性，故选B项。这些数字在讲人消耗塑料瓶的数量，并没有说明A项“买更少饮料的原因”和C项“塑料废物的数量”。第一段最后一句中虽然提到鱼类和鸟类在吃掉废弃物后寿命会缩短，但D项“野生动物的困难处境”与第一段中的数字并无直接关系，故不选。
2.A推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，这个村庄房子的主要建筑材料是用过的塑料瓶。由此可推断出，这些房子的特殊之处在于它们都是环保建筑，故选A项。根据第二段中the material will keep the house 17℃ cooler than the outside知塑料瓶房屋的材料可以使屋子比户外要冷17℃，故B项不正确。C项“它们阻止塑料污染”这一表述过于绝对，故不正确。第二段中提到塑料瓶社区中房屋的建造材料有钢铁、电线和混凝土等，故D项“它们完全用塑料瓶制造”不正确。
3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment.可知，此项目想让人们意识到这些瓶子制造的垃圾，这样他们就会为环保做得更多，即提高人们的环保意识，故选C项。
4.A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上百年时间才能分解而且不会完全消失，还会让鱼类和鸟类缩短寿命，对环境有害。为了能让我们不被塑料所掩埋，巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶房屋，这种房子非常环保。故选A项。B项“塑料瓶的消极影响”和C项“如何收集被丢弃的塑料瓶”在文中有所涉及，但不能概括整个文章大意，D项“如何推广塑料瓶的使用”偷换概念，文中讲的是如何减少塑料瓶带来的不良影响，而不是推广其使用方法，故不选。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，亚马孙森林火灾会加剧气候变化，威胁生物多样性。亚马孙雨林的退化可能对全球气候和降雨量造成严重影响。
5.B主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called "the lungs of the Earth".可知，本段主要介绍了亚马孙雨林的重要作用，故选B项。由第二段最后一句可知，亚马孙雨林的存在会减轻气候
变化的影响，但与A项“气候变化的影响”不是同一层面的概念，故不选。C项“亚马孙雨林火灾的影响”以及D项“生物多样性减少的原因”在第二段均未提及。
6.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的第二段最后一句They also store carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.可推知，画线词mitigating意为“减轻”。ease“减轻，缓解”，故选A项。B项“引起，导致”，C项“恶化”和D项“有益于”均不符合题意。
7.B推理判断题。根据第三段中“Any destruction of forests is a t threat to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity" 及 "The shocking threat is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere, "he stressed. "Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected," 可推知，热带雨林火灾会造成严重的后果，故选B项。在第三段Thomas和Antonio的话中均未谈到引起热带雨林火灾的原因，故C、D两项不选。A项“生物多样性使热带雨林与众不同”在第三段也未提及，故不选。
8.C推理判断题。根据第一段可推知，这篇文章极可能取自杂志的自然和地理版块，故选C项。A项“体育和音乐”，B项“科学和技术”以及D项“商业和文化”均与文章主题不相关。
二、语法填空
语篇解读：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了埃及政府的水利工程由于会造成对文物的破坏，遭到群众的抵制后，政府成立了一个委员会，筹募资金，最终成功保护了文物。
1.a考查冠词。句意：我们都知道，在发展和保护文化遗址之间保持适当的平衡常常是一个巨大的挑战。challenge为可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一个巨大的挑战”，应用不定冠词，而big以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.to control考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪50年代，埃及政府想要在尼罗河上修建一座新的大坝，以控制洪水、发电，并向该地区更多的农民供水。此处为动词不定式，表目的。故填to control。
3.led考查动词时态。句意：但是这项提议引起了抗议。根据上下文可知，此处是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填led。
4.which/that考查定语从句。句意：大坝的水可能会破坏大量的庙宇和文物，而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词是cultural relics，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。故填which或that。
5.listening考查非谓语动词。句意：在听取了研究过这个问题的科学家和附近居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。空格前为介词After，设空处应用动名词。故填listening。
6.was established考查动词的时态及语态。句意：为限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物流失，（政府）成立了一个委员会。主语A committee与动词establish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据语境可知，应使用一般过去时。故填was established。
7.contributions考查名词复数。句意：该组织向不同部门寻求捐款，并在全球社区内筹集资金。设空处contribution意为“捐款”，为可数名词。根据下文中 "different departments and raised funds" 可知，此处contribution应用复数形式。故填contributions。
8.global考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词community，应用形容词作定语。故填global。
9.successfully考查副词。句意：他们把寺庙和其他文物一点一点地拆了下来，并把它们重新组合在一个安全的地方，从而成功地完成了工程。此处修饰动词completed，作状语，应用副词形式。故填successfully。
l0.by考查介词。句意同上。固定短语piece by piece意为“一点一点地”。故填by。
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