热点五 必背核心词汇整理
必背核心词汇 A篇 thrilling adj.令人激动的，惊险的，紧张的 spectacular adj.壮观的，令人惊叹的；惊人的 tournament n.锦标赛，联赛 kick off 开球；开始干某事 intend for 打算成为…；打算使
B篇 carnival n.狂欢节，嘉年华；激动人心的事物 inspirational adj.启发灵感的，鼓舞人心的 status n.地位，身份 criticize v.批评，指责；评论
C篇 score n.得分，比分，分数 v.（在运动、比赛中）得分；打分数 sustainable adj.可持续的，持续性的 appoint v.任命，指派；约定，安排 host n.主人；主持人；主办方，东道主 v.主办，做…的东道主 symbolize v.象征，用符号代表
D篇 league n.联盟，同盟；社团；联赛 unfold v.打开，展开；呈现，逐渐明朗 dispute n.争论，辩论，纠纷 v.对…提出质疑，否认；辩论
E篇 manufacture v.（用机器大量）生产，制造 n.大量制造，批量生产 innovate v.革新，创新热点五 聚焦卡塔尔世界杯
（原卷版）
题型 语篇类型 主题语境
阅读理解A 应用文 人与社会-卡塔尔世界杯直播事宜
阅读理解B 说明文 人与社会-卡塔尔世界杯准备工作
阅读理解C 说明文 人与社会-卡塔尔世界杯中的中国元素
七选五D 说明文 人与社会-卡塔尔世界杯指南
语法填空E 应用文 人与社会-卡塔尔世界杯中的中国制造
A
（2023秋·浙江宁波·高二统考期末）
All about the FIFA World Cup: a thrilling festival of football
Get ready for the spectacular sporting event with our fact-packed tournament guide. On 20th November, the FIFA World Cup tournament kicks off in Qatar. Around five billion football fans around the world are expected to watch live on TV as the best men’s teams battle it out for football’s ultimate prize.
Who are some of the star players to watch
From Son Hueng-min to Gareth Bale, there are more top talent on show than ever in this tournament. It’s the first time teams can take a squad of 26 players, rather than the usual 23. Sadly, it’s likely to be the last World Cup for two of the greatest players in the game: Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo. It’s also a chance for some fresh talent to shine, however, look out for younger players such as England’s Jude Bellingham, Germany’s Jamal Musiala and Pedri from Spain.
Which teams are at the World Cup
Thirty-two teams compete for the trophy. For the first time ever, Qatar takes part in the tournament. As hosts, they qualified automatically but the other 31 teams had to win a number of qualifying matches. The next World Cup in 2026 will be even bigger-forty-eight teams will be in competition.
How does the tournament work
The 32 teams have been drawn into eight groups of four. The teams in each group play against each other once in a mini-league, and the top two from each group progress to the knockout stage. Teams must win that game, then a quarter-final and a semi-final to reach the final on 18 December. As well as the World Cup trophy for the winning team, there are individual trophies for the best player (Golden Ball) and top scorer (Golden Boot). England’s Captain Harry Kane won the Golden Boot in 2018.
What conditions does players face in this World Cup
Since the first men’s World Cup in 1930, the tournament has been played in June and July. However. Qatar is so hot in the summer that the 2022 competition was moved to November and December, when it’s cooler. It’s still warm, though, and each of the eight stadiums has air-conditioning. It takes the equivalent of 100 bathtubs of water a day just to keep the pitches in the stadiums green. As well as a brand-new city and airport, seven spectacular new stadiums were built for this World Cup.
1．What’s special about the Qatar World Cup
A．The number of fans watching the live on TV is about five billion.
B．The squad for each country can be made up of 26 players.
C．Some fresh talent players shine in the football game
D．It cost much water to keep the pitches green.
2．Which of the following statement is correct according to the passage
A．Qatar had to win a number of qualifying matches to participate.
B．Messi and Ronaldo will take part in the 2026 World Cup.
C．It’s the first time the World Cup is held in November
D．England’s Harry Kane was the best player in 2018.
3．Who is the passage intended for
A．Football enthusiasts.
B．Travel lovers.
C．Pop star fans.
D．Sports trainers.
B
（2023秋·湖南岳阳·高二统考期末）
FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 is now a hot blooded carnival for fans around the world for 28 days. It’s the first World Cup held by a country that has not participated in the World Cup before, and also the first time to be held in a Middle Eastern country.
First let’s talk about its mascot, La’eeb, shaped like a walking headscarf, is an avatar (化身)with no fixed shape. This Arabic word means a highly skilled player. The mascot wears a rope and is soft, whose body can make various and difficult movements at will-it gives fans full imagination. The design of the mascot is very novel and this playful image is loved by many fans. Its facial expression is full of determination with an inspirational, upward and positive attitude, just like a strong-willed athlete who never gets discouraged in the face of difficulties.
Considering the high temperature of about 50 degrees in Qatar in summer will affect the athletes’ competitive status, this World Cup is the first time to be held in the northern hemisphere in winter. To successfully hold this World Cup, Qatar has invested heavily in the construction of venues and supporting transportation, communication, accommodation, even with over 1,000 luxurious Bedouin-style tents in the desert, etc. Service facilities, with a total investment of 220bn US dollars, make it the most expensive World Cup game at present.
This World Cup will even be the very first carbon-neutral tournament, and the organizer has prepared a total of 8 stadiums, all built to be energy efficient. One of our favorites is Stadium 974， the first fully demountable (可拆卸的) stadium, built using 974 shipping containers, whose number also happens to be Qatar’s country code. The opening game and the final match will be held in the same stadium-Lusail Stadium. Moreover, thanks to Qatar’s efficient public transportation, football fans will need just under one hour of traveling time between stadiums. So if you want to, you can watch more than two games in one day and experience the World Cup like never before.
And the World Cup finale will take place on December the 18th, also Qatar’s National Day. So expect fireworks all around. And let’s have a blast together!
4．What makes the host country so special
A．Diverse religions. B．Extremely high temperature.
C．Richness in oil. D．First participation in the World Cup.
5．Which of the following is TRUE about the mascot
A．It is named after a sport. B．It looks inspiring and encouraging.
C．It is a traditional Arabic design. D．It could not be transformed at all.
6．Why is the huge investment mentioned in this passage
A．To attract visitors all over the world.
B．To criticize the giant waste by the host.
C．To show off the great wealth of the host.
D．To highlight its commitment to the event.
7．What does the underlined word “blast” in paragraph 5 refer to
A．Criticism. B．Explosion.
C．Good time. D．Loud noise.
C
（2023秋·广东深圳·高二统考期末）
The FIFA World Cup 2022 kicks off on Sunday with a ceremony before the host Qatar and Ecuador’s opening Group A match at the Al Bayt Stadium in the city of Al Khor, 50 kilometres outside of Qatar’s capital Doha.
Enner Valencia scored two first-half goals as Ecuador beat hosts Qatar 2-0 in the opening match of the FIFA World Cup on Sunday. The result marked the first time that a host team has lost the opening game of the World Cup.
Even without a home team to cheer for, Chinese fans and enterprises (企业) remain enthusiastic about the Qatar World Cup.
Support from China has also come in a more concrete way, with most of the tournament’s stadiums, its official transportation system and its accommodation facilities featuring contributions from Chinese builders and providers. The 80,000-seat Lusail Stadium, which is scheduled to host the eye-catching final game, was designed and built by China Railway International Group with advanced energy-saving technologies and sustainable materials.
Doha’s first ever Panda House officially opened to the public on Thursday. Located at Al Khor Park near the Al Bayt Stadium, the Panda House is home to Chinese giant pandas, three-year-old female Si Hai and four-year-old male Jing Jing.
Chinese referee Ma Ning and two assistant referees, Cao Yi and Shi Xiang, have been appointed to judge at the 2022 FIFA World Cup, according to a list released by FIFA．
More than 1,500 buses from China’s leading bus maker Yutong are running through the streets of Qatar. From national flags to ornaments (装饰)and pillows emblazoned with images of the World Cup trophy, products made in Yiwu, China, have enjoyed nearly 70 percent of the market share of World Cup merchandise (商品).
8．What does the author intend to tell about the opening match
A．Enner Valencia scored one in each half game.
B．Ecuador won the opening game by two to zero.
C．The Qatar team has never lost games in the opening match.
D．The host Qatar and Ecuador’s opening game was held in Doha.
9．What is Chinese business men’s attitude towards the Qatar World Cup
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent. C．Doubtful. D．Encouraging.
10．What does the underlined word “emblazoned” in the last paragraph mean
A．Covered. B．Brought. C．Decorated. D．Closed.
11．What is the passage mainly about
A．Products made in China are popular in the world.
B．China has become more powerful in world’s games.
C．Pandas symbolize friendship in the Qatar World Cup.
D．Many Chinese elements appear in the Qatar World Cup.
D
（2023秋·湖南郴州·高二统考期末）
How the 2022 World Cup Works
The World Cup is nearly here. The schedule is complete. The leagues have stopped. The players have arrived. Yet even as the teams know where they are meant to be and who they are meant to play, there are still plenty of questions about how things will unfold as soccer moves center stage over the month in Qatar. ____12____
Where is it being held
This year’s host is Qatar, which in 2010 beat the United States and Japan to win the right to hold the tournament. Whether that was an honest competition remains in dispute. ____13____ The World Cup has never been held on the Arabian Peninsula before.
When is it
The tournament will open on Nov.20, when Qatar plays Ecuador. That counts as a slow day; over the two weeks that follow, four games will be played on most days. ____14____ when the winner gets a very heavy (and surprisingly small) gold trophy.
____15____
No. The World Cup usually takes place in July or it did, until Qatar won the right to host it. Considering the fact that its temperatures can reach 120 degrees (48.8℃), FIFA, soccer’s world governing body, agreed to move the tournament to the relatively bearable months of November and December.
Qatar is so small. How can it accommodate all these matches
____16____ At 4,416 square miles, it is 0.12 percent of the size of the United States and by far the smallest nation ever to host the World Cup. All the games will take place in a tight circle of eight stadiums in and around the capital, Doha, making it the smallest-sized World Cup in history.
A．That is unusual.
B．Here’s a primer (入门指南).
C．It is true that Qatar is tiny.
D．Why is it being held in winter
E．Is a winter World Cup normal
F．The tournament ends with the final on Dec.18,
G．It can accommodate 31 teams and an audience of 60,000.
E
（2023秋·河南三门峡·高二统考期末）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
From manufacturing, brand marketing to cultural derivatives(衍生品), Chinese elements abound(大量存在) ____17____ on and off the field of the FIFA World Cup Qalar 2022, the Shanghai Securities News reported on Monday.
China Railvay Construction Corporation ____18____ (design)and built one of the Qatar World Cup’s main stadiums. Lusail Stadium, which is the ____19____ (large)and most advanced one among professional soccer stadiums ____20____ (build) by Chinese enterprises. Jiang Xiaoxiao, consultancy director at CIC said that, in recent years, Chinese companies ____21____ (explore) eagerly the overseas market. ____22____ (specific)speaking, China’s international engineering industry saw rapid ____23____ (grow) with a broad connection to the world economy,
The Al-Qasar 800-megawatt photovoltaic plant(800兆瓦光伏电站)designed and built by the Power Construction Corporation of China has been put into operation, ____24____ (provide) green energy to the World Cup. China Energy Engineering Corporation and China Gezhouba Group took part in constructing the super large impounding reservoir(蓄水池), offering clear drinking water to the World Cup. China’s new energy industry is taking a leading position in____25____ (innovate) and production. The small products made in China are popular in the world _____26_____ their higher quality and lower price.热点五 聚焦卡塔尔世界杯
（解析版）
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了卡塔尔世界杯即将直播的事宜及其他相关介绍。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It’s the first time teams can take a squad of 26 players, rather than the usual 23.(这是球队第一次可以选择26人的阵容，而不是通常的23人)。”可知，卡塔尔世界杯的特别之处在于每个国家的大名单可以由26名球员组成。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“For the first time ever, Qatar takes part in the tournament. As hosts, they qualified automatically but the other 31 teams had to win a number of qualifying matches.(这是卡塔尔有史以来第一次参加世界杯。作为东道主，他们自动晋级，但其他31支球队必须赢得多场预选赛。)”可知A选项是错误的；根据第二段“Sadly, it’s likely to be the last World Cup for two of the greatest players in the game: Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo.(遗憾的是，这可能是足坛两位最伟大球员的最后一届世界杯:莱昂内尔·梅西和克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多。)”可知B选项是错误的；根据第一大段第二句“On 20th November, the FIFA World Cup tournament kicks off in Qatar. (11月20日，国际足联世界杯在卡塔尔拉开帷幕。)”以及常识可知，本届世界杯是该赛事史上首次在11月举行，C选项正确，根据第四段“England’s Captain Harry Kane won the Golden Boot in 2018. (2018年，英格兰队长哈里·凯恩获得金靴奖。)”，可知D选项错误。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段第二句“Around five billion football fans around the world are expected to watch live on T’V as the best men’s teams battle it out for football’s ultimate prize.(全球约有50亿球迷将通过电视直播观看最优秀的男子足球队为足球的最终奖项而战。)”和第二段第三句“Sadly, it’s likely to be the last World Cup for two of the greatest players in the game: Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo.(遗憾的是，这可能是足坛两位最伟大球员的最后一届世界杯：莱昂内尔·梅西和克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多。)”本文是写给球星粉丝的。故选C项。
4．D 5．B 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯准备工作。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s the first World Cup held by a country that has not participated in the World Cup before, and also the first time to be held in a Middle Eastern country.(这是第一次世界杯由一个从未参加过世界杯的国家举办，也是第一次在中东国家举办)”可知，卡塔尔在此之前从未参加过世界杯。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Its facial expression is full of determination with an inspirational, upward and positive attitude, just like a strong-willed athlete who never gets discouraged in the face of difficulties.(它的面部表情充满了决心，充满了鼓舞人心、向上、积极向上的态度，就像一个意志坚强的运动员，在困难面前从不气馁)”可知，吉祥物看起来很鼓舞人心。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“This World Cup will even be the very first carbon-neutral tournament, and the organizer has prepared a total of 8 stadiums, all built to be energy efficient.(这届世界杯甚至将是第一届碳中和比赛，组织者总共准备了8个体育场，所有场馆都是节能的)”、“Moreover, thanks to Qatar’s efficient public transportation, football fans will need just under one hour of traveling time between stadiums.(此外，由于卡塔尔高效的公共交通，球迷在体育场之间的旅行时间只需不到一个小时)”和第三段“To successfully hold this World Cup, Qatar has invested heavily in the construction of venues and supporting transportation, communication, accommodation, even with over 1,000 luxurious Bedouin-style tents in the desert, etc.(为成功举办本届世界杯，卡塔尔在场馆建设及配套交通、通讯、住宿等方面投入巨资，甚至在沙漠中搭建了1000多顶豪华贝都因帐篷等)”可推断，文章中提到巨大的投资，以此表明卡塔尔是非常重视此次世界杯的，强调其对活动的承诺。故选D。
7．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“And the World Cup finale will take place on December the 18th, also Qatar’s National Day. So expect fireworks all around.(世界杯决赛将在12月18日举行，这天也是卡塔尔的国庆日。所以期待周围的烟花吧)”可知，12月18日这一天很精彩，所以让我们一起开心快乐吧。由此推知，划线词blast与Good time(美好时光)意思接近。故选C。
8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯中的中国元素，有中国的建筑、高铁、来自中国的裁判等，尤其还有一对国宝熊猫。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Enner Valencia scored two first-half goals as Ecuador beat hosts Qatar 2-0 in the opening match of the FIFA World Cup on Sunday.(在周日举行的世界杯揭幕战中，埃纳·瓦伦西亚在上半场梅开二度，帮助厄瓜多尔2-0击败东道主卡塔尔。)”可知，作者想说明厄瓜多尔以二比零在揭幕战中赢得比赛。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Even without a home team to cheer for, Chinese fans and enterprises (企业) remain enthusiastic about the Qatar World Cup.(即使没有主队，中国球迷和企业仍然对卡塔尔世界杯充满热情。)”以及第四段“Support from China has also come in a more concrete way, with most of the tournament’s stadiums, its official transportation system and its accommodation facilities featuring contributions from Chinese builders and providers. (来自中国的支持也以更具体的方式提供，大多数赛事场馆、官方交通系统和住宿设施都由中国建筑商和供应商提供。)”可知，中国企业家们对卡塔尔世界杯非常支持。故选A。
10．词句辨析题。根据划线单词上一句“From national flags to ornaments (装饰)(从国旗到装饰品)”可推测，这里应该和印刷或装饰相关；再根据划线单词后的“with images of the World Cup trophy(世界杯奖杯图案)”可推断出，这里指的是印有世界杯奖杯图案的枕头。选项A“Covered (覆盖)”；选项B“Brought (带来)”；选项C“Decorated (装饰)”；选项D“Closed (关闭)”。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Even without a home team to cheer for, Chinese fans and enterprises (企业) remain enthusiastic about the Qatar World Cup.(即使没有主队，中国球迷和企业仍然对卡塔尔世界杯充满热情。)”以及第四段“Support from China has also come in a more concrete way, with most of the tournament’s stadiums, its official transportation system and its accommodation facilities featuring contributions from Chinese builders and providers. (来自中国的支持也以更具体的方式提供，大多数赛事场馆、官方交通系统和住宿设施都由中国建筑商和供应商提供。)”、第五段“Doha’s first ever Panda House officially opened to the public on Thursday. (多哈的第一家熊猫馆于周四正式向公众开放。)”、第六段“Chinese referee Ma Ning and two assistant referees, Cao Yi and Shi Xiang, have been appointed to judge at the 2022 FIFA World Cup, according to a list released by FIFA.(根据国际足联发布的一份名单，中国主裁判马宁和两名助理裁判曹毅、石翔被任命为2022年世界杯的裁判。)”以及最后一段各种中国产品可知，文章主要告诉我们，中国队虽然未能参加世界杯，可是世界杯上有很多中国元素。故选D。
12．B 13．A 14．F 15．E 16．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章解答了一些关于卡塔尔世界杯的问题。
12．上文“there are still plenty of questions about how things will unfold as soccer moves center stage over the month in Qatar(随着足球在卡塔尔这个月成为焦点，事情将如何发展仍有很多问题)”提到还有很多问题，结合下文对几个问题进行解释推知，空处指出有可以提供帮助的东西。故B项“这里有入门指南”承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
13．根据上文“Whether that was an honest competition remains in dispute.(这是否是一场诚实的竞争仍存在争议)”及下文“The World Cup has never been held on the Arabian Peninsula before.(世界杯从未在阿拉伯半岛举行过)”可知，卡塔尔赢得世界杯的举办权存在争议，世界杯从未在阿拉伯半岛举行过，所以这应是很不寻常，A项“这很不寻常”符合语境。故选A。
14．根据本段小标题“When is it (什么时候？)”可知，本段主要讲述卡塔尔世界杯的时间，上文“The tournament will open on Nov.20, when Qatar plays Ecuador.(世界杯将于11月20日开幕，届时卡塔尔将对阵厄瓜多尔)”讲述了世界杯的开始时间，此处应是讲述结束的时间，F项“决赛将于12月18日举行”符合语境。故选F。
15．根据“No. The World Cup usually takes place in July or it did, until Qatar won the right to host it.(不。世界杯通常在7月举行，或者说确实在7月举行，直到卡塔尔赢得举办权)”可知，空处应是一个一般疑问句，且是谈论世界杯的季节，E项“冬季举行世界杯正常吗？”符合语境。故选E。
16．根据空后“At 4,416 square miles, it is 0.12 percent of the size of the United States and by far the smallest nation ever to host the World Cup.(它的面积是4416平方英里，只有美国面积的0.12%，是迄今为止举办世界杯的最小国家)”可知，卡塔尔是个小国家，C项“的确，卡塔尔非常小”符合语境。故选C。
17．both 18．designed 19．largest 20．built 21．have explored 22．Specifically 23．growth 24．providing 25．innovation 26．for
【导语】这是一篇应用文。这篇新闻介绍了在卡塔尔2022年国际足联世界杯的赛场内外中国制造随处可见的现象。
17．考查连词。句意：从制造业、品牌营销到文化衍生品，中国元素存在于卡塔尔2022年国际足联世界杯的赛场内外，《上海证券报》周一报道。both…and…是固定结构，意为“……和……”用来连接两个并列成分。故填both。
18．考查动词时态。句意：中国铁路建设公司设计和建造了卡塔尔世界杯的主要场馆之一。空格处和built作并列谓语，应用一般过去时。故填designed。
19．考查形容词最高级。句意：Lusail体育场也是中国企业所建造的专业足球体育馆中最大和最先进的一个。由and并列结构可知，空格处应填形容词最高级做定语。故填largest。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：Lusail体育场也是中国企业所建造的专业足球体育馆中最大和最先进的一个。分析句子结构，is是谓语动词，空格处作后置定语修饰名词stadiums，stadiums和build之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填built。
21．考查动词时态。句意：中投公司咨询总监蒋潇潇表示，近年来中国企业已经渴望开发国外市场。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时，且主语为名词的复数。故填have explored。
22．考查副词。句意：具体而言，中国的国际工程业的发展见证了与世界经济产生广泛联系的快速成长。specifically speaking是固定搭配，意为“具体而言”。故填Specifically。
23．考查名词。句意：具体而言，中国的国际工程业的发展见证了与世界经济产生广泛联系的快速成长。根据空格前的形容词rapid可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，growth为不可数名词。故填growth。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：被中国电力建设集团公司设计和建设的Al-Qasar 800兆瓦光伏电站已经投入运营，给世界杯提供了绿色能源。分析句子结构，谓语为has been put into，空格处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故填providing。
25．考查名词。句意：中国的新能源产业在创新和生产方面处于领先地位。由and并列结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，innovation为不可数名词。故填innovation。
26．考查介词。句意：中国制造的小商品，因为它更高的质量和更低的价格在世界上受到欢迎。介词for表示理由或原因，意为“因为”，符合句意。故填for。
