2023届高三英语复习—— 阅读表达10篇（含解析）
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2023届高三英语复习—— 阅读表达10篇
（2023春·天津武清·高三天津市武清区杨村第一中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc．In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
1．What’s the author’s purpose by writing this passage (No more than 15 words)
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2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “repressing” in Paragraph 2 (No more than 5 words)
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3．According to the passage, what are the common ways for people to express their anger (No more than 20 words)
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4．Why do doctors say anger is dangerous (No more than 15 words)
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5．How can you deal with anger successfully in your daily life (No more than 20 words)
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（2023秋·天津·高三天津二中校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
You can learn a lot sitting in a parking lot. The other day I was sitting in my car with my sons reading a book while my daughter finished grocery shopping. From time to time, I would look up and observe what was going on outside. One of those times I saw a huge, new, bright red, Cadillac SUV pull up in the parking spot beside me. Out of it stepped a well-dressed young woman in high heels. Her face was tight and determined and her eyes hidden behind sunglasses. I watched her as she headed for the store and wondered about her life.
A moment later a 30-year-old station wagon pulled up beside the SUV. It smelled of burning oil and probably didn’t have many months of life left in its engine. Out of it stepped a young mom with 4 little girls all under the age of 12. All were dressed in worn clothes. She gathered them together and they headed to the store laughing and talking all the way.
A while later I saw the Cadillac lady coming out, pushing a cart filled with a new television set. She threw it in the back and pulled out quickly, her eyes still hidden, her face still frowning. Fifteen minutes after her the station wagon mom emerged with her little girls. They had a week’s worth of groceries in their cart. After unloading it, the mom took out two pieces of cookies, broke both in half, and gave each girl a half of cookie. They smiled like it was the most priceless gift in the world. As they pulled out I thought about the two women. I clearly knew which one had the most money, but I wasn’t sure which one really had the most.
In this life there are many kinds of riches but the most valuable one of all is love. The truth is the one who loves the most: learns the most, lives the most, gives the most, and grows the most in this life. It is the real riches of this life.
6．What was the station wagon like (no more than 5 words)
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7．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean (1 word)
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8．What caused the author to think about the real riches (no more than 15 words)
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9．What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the text (no more than 10 words)
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10．What are the real riches in your life Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津一中校考一模）阅读下面短文,并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。
“Mom, look at this LEGO Star Wars set,” my eight-year-old son Nathan said. “Can I get it for my birthday ” I looked at the LEGO set in question.
“Nathan, this isn’t just a regular LEGO set. It’s an Advent calendar(降临历).” Seeing his questioning look, I explained, “An Advent calendar counts down the days until Christmas. Starting on December 1st, you open one box each day, and each box contains one small LEGO toy.”
“I want this really badly, Mom. Can I get it for my birthday ”
“Yes, but here’s the problem with that. It’s August right now, and your birthday is in September. If we bought this for your birthday, you couldn’t start opening the toys until December 1st. That would be a long time for you before playing with a new toy. Are you sure you want it ” He thought for a minute and said, “Yes, Mom, I really want that Advent calendar.” So we bought the calendar.
On Nathan’s birthday in mid-September, he received many presents, including the Advent calendar. He seemed as surprised and pleased with it as he did with other gifts that were actually a surprise. And then he started to open it.
“Remember that’s an Advent calendar. So we can’t open it yet.” His shoulders slumped(垂下来). “Oh, yeah, that’s right,” he said unwillingly.
We put the box in his closet. I hoped he’d forget about it, but that was wishful thinking.
“How many more days should I wait until I can start opening the toys in the calendar ” he asked the day after his birthday. I gave him a pocket calendar, and we counted how many days there were until December 1st.
After waiting for so long, it was December 1st finally. Nathan’s hands were practically shaking as he opened that first box. “I’m so glad I waited, Mom,” he told me.
People say that Christmas starts earlier and earlier every year. I know these complaints are about the over-commercialization of the holiday, and I see their point. But this year, Christmas came to our house very early, and it was so much fun.
11．What is an Advent calendar used to do (no more than 10 words)
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12．Why was the author unwilling to buy the Advent calendar for Nathan at first (no more than 12 words)
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13．How can we understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 (no more than 8 words)
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14．Why do people say Christmas starts earlier and earlier (no more than 10 words)
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15．What do you think of Nathan’s birthday present Why (no more than 20 words)
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（2023秋·天津滨海新·高三大港一中校考一模）阅读表达
Do you scan yourself in your early 20s already dressed in a smart suit as well as using a company phone Currently more and more young people have been looking for internships (实习生职位) rather than Saturday jobs. But should people be expected to do a proper job at all while they’re still young
For many, weekend or evening work is a rite of passage that may involve cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut.
Plentiful teenagers or students aren’t impressive in holding down a part-time job. But it’s a opportunity to try to experience the world of work and take a crucial first step into adulthood.
But the number of young people doing a Saturday job has decreased by a half in 15 years, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills. It’s economic downturn that has kept it rough for young people to find any kind of job. And many enterprises put forward higher requirement, which are associated with this phenomenon as well. For those seeking a career, there is now greater pressure to choose professional jobs and get work experience.
Those who go on to successful careers often mention their days of waiting tables or picking fruit as experiences of growth. Actor Sean Connery may have the 007 role as a protuberance on his CV while he embarked on working as a milkman when only 14. George Clooney once strove for selling women’s shoes.
What is a proper job White collar work is a golden job that a host of people want to obtain and professionals in finance, advertising, journalism and the law often work exceedingly long hours. However, there is a sense that sitting at a desk all one’s life is not always real work in the same way as some other jobs are.
Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. He says that formal qualifications still influence employers’ decision.
16．According to the passage, what are the examples given of Saturday jobs (no more than 15 words)
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17．What’s made it more difficult for young people to find a job (no more than 8 words)
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18．What does the underlined word “protuberance” in Paragraph 5 probably mean (1 word)
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19．According to an expert mentioned in the article, what could be the best way of achieving career success (no more than 5 words)
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20．As a student who will step into the society, how do you plan for your future career (no more than 25 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津一中校考一模）阅读表达
On the morning of my Ph.D qualifying exam, I rolled out of the bed and got dressed. Next I did my make-up and put on my heels. I looked at myself in the mirror, feeling confident that I could face the members of my Ph.D committee and answer whatever questions they threw at me during my presentation. It’s a strategy that I newly developed due to an unexpected inspiration from Lady Gaga.
As a student, I’ve always struggled with being confident at school. I especially feared to give presentations about my research. The breakthrough came during the month before my qualifying exam when I listened to Lady Gaga’s new album titled Joanne. As a committed fan, I noticed that this album differed greatly compared with her past ones. She had quitted her usual dance-pop and tried country music for the first time, and her clothing had changed as well. Obviously, Lady Gaga was taking a huge professional risk. However, she was confident of the music she released, and the fresh image she adopted.
That got me thinking: Could I do something similar before I stepped on stage My naturally shy and quiet personality was not exactly ideal for public speaking, so I thought about the features and the image I wanted my professional self to possess. I wore professional clothing and highlighted my features — bravery, grace and self-assurance — through make-up.
When I walked into the exam room, I was pleased to discover that I had new-found confidence. Sure, I was still nervous, but I had an unfamiliar sense of calm as soon as I began my talk. I was able to reply to questions without the trembling voice, and I took ownership of the work I presented. Thanks to Lady Gaga, I now have a strategy that unlocks the key to my confidence.
21．What was the author scared of at school (No more than 10 words)
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22．What breakthrough did Lady Gaga make in her new album (No more than 15 words)
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23．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3 (One word)
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24．How did the author conquer her shyness and nervousness in the Ph.D qualifying exam (No more than 15 words)
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25．What inspiration do you get from the author Please explain it in your own words.(No more than 20 words)
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（2022·天津·一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. My mother just smiled and said, “They are for the poor people. We’re poor.”
When I was nine, my greatest desire in life was to own a pogo stick (弹簧高跷). But my mother told me that we simply couldn’t afford one. A few days before Christmas, my parents and I went shopping. While my mother and I were paying the money, my dad came with a long box. I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the barn. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. After all the wrapping paper was cleaned up, my dad came back from the barn with a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it, how they were able to get the money for it and how they tricked me with the broom. My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.
Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all, much love. We had love and we had joy.
26．What present did the author receive on Christmas morning at the age of 7 (no more than 10 words)
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27．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean (no more than 5 words)
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28．Why did the author feel disappointed when the author found a broom in the box (no more than 15 words)
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29．Why did the author’s parents put a broom in the box (no more than 15 words)
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30．What is the best present you’ve received from your parents Please give your reasons.(no more than 20 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
On a recent Saturday, I stepped into a MeDonald to use the ladies’ room. There I saw a woman of my age with a concerned look on her face helping her elderly father slowly make his way to the men’s room with his walker.She seemed like a loving,dutiful daughter dealing with the role reversal(逆转)that comes with age—those moments when it feels like you’re talking care of your parents,instead of being taken care of by your parents.
As a member of the sandwich generation,I can relate.I often feel like the peanut butter between two pieced of bread:I’m trying to hold it together for my two teenage daughters,and also meet the needs of my 89-year-old mom,Elinor.
My mother’s day-to-day care became a must after my father passed away last year.My parents cared for each other through Parkinson’s disease,heart disease and cancer.Now mom is living alone, in the same house in Virginia where my elder sister,my younger brother and I grew up. The house is full of 55 years’ memories about my mom and my dad. And the thought of leaving it makes her extremely sad.
But what if something happens to her and no one is there to help What about the hours of loneliness that can’t be alleviated with a phone call I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.
We don’t want to decide for her, of course. And we do have options: We could ensure that the house is safe for her, or bring in someone a couple of hours a day to cook a few meals and do light house-keeping. The most important thing is to keep talking about it as family,and to keep mom involved in the discussion.
Whatever we decide, we’ll do it together.Mom sacrifices her whole life for us,and we want to help her age with dignity.
31．What does the author think of the woman of her age (no more than 10 words)
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32．Why doesn’t the author’s mother want to leave her house (no more than 8 words)
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33．What does the underlined word “alleviated” in Paragraph 4 mean (1 word)
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34．What makes the author think she is lucky (no more than 16 words)
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35．What inspiration do you get from the passage Please express it in your own words.(no more than 25 words)
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（2023秋·天津·高三天津市第四十七中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Roy Austin first experienced an African adventure in 2018. All he wanted to do was get close to some African wildlife. Although Roy did realize this dream, he found something even more meaningful in Africa.
Roy spent time in many countries throughout East Africa. He was most interested in the people of rural Kenya, especially people of the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School.
During his stay, Roy became friends with several students and teachers at the school. He was deeply touched by their positive attitude, even though it was hard for them to get books and other school supplies. Even finding basic stationary was a challenge, not to mention the lack of school buildings.
In rural Kenya, school buildings are not built by the government. Students, their parents, and teachers find materials and build the schools themselves, or they have to raise money to get builders’ help. Without schools, buildings like libraries and classrooms are just dreams. The students and teachers of the schools very much wanted a library or at least some books to read.
After returning home to South Carolina in the United States, the Kenyan students’ yearning for something as seemingly “basic” as books to read still worried Roy. He decided to do whatever he could to help these children. So he started the organization Libraries for Kids International.
Since it was started, Roy has shipped over 11,000 books to 11 schools in African countries, including Kenya and Tanzania. To keep costs down, he uses the post office to send the books instead of a carrier like FedEx. The organization has helped to supply these schools with much-needed books, which brought Roy much happiness. He plans to continue shipping books to Africa.
36．What was the main purpose of Roy’s 2018 trip to Africa (no more than 5 words.)
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37．Who built school buildings in rural Kenya (no more than 15 words)
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38．What can the underlined word “yearning” in paragraph 5 be replaced by (no more than 5 words)
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39．What is the main idea of the passage (no more than 15 words).
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40．What do you think of Roy And why (no more than 25 words).
________________
（2022秋·天津·高三天津市双菱中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
“I wish that in one instant I could tell you of my safe arrival, but we are 3,000 miles apart and must wait for long weeks to hear from each other.” Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. He was in London studying art. She was at the home in Charlestown, Mass, USA, where he had been born. Perhaps it was at the moment of writing the letter that young Morse first had the desire to bridge space with flying words. This desire was later to give the world the electric telegraph.
Samuel returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. Morse completed an oil painting The House of Representatives, expecting that this would bring him fame. But there was hardly any demand in the United Stated for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits. He was often close to poverty during his career as an artist.
During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication.
During the rest of the voyage he worked excitedly on drawings for his plan. After his arrival at home, he abandoned his artistic career to give his full attention to the project.
Morse had an fertile mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. Finally, in 1843 the United States Congress provided 30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore.
In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. Newspapers, railroads, and businesses quickly found use for the telegraph, which for the first time created a global community.
41．What did Morse find after returning from Europe in 1815 (no more than 10 words)
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42．What does the underlined word “fertile” mean (no more than 1 word)
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43．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about (no more than 10 words)
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44．How does the author organize the passage (no more than 5 words)
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45．What do you think can enable a person to succeed in a certain field (no more than 20 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三耀华中学校考一模）阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
I love beautiful scenery as much as others do, but I have always focused downwards wherever I walk. I love finding unexpected treasures—the habit likely goes back to my childhood. Even today, I engage in this obsession while walking the dog up and down the river park, Don Valley.
In January 2019, a few days after an unusually heavy snowfall, I was struggling through the Don Valley as usual with my dog. Snow days are not the best for treasure hunting, so I was surprised to see a shiny gold beneath the snow near the bottom of a hill. I carefully took out a ring decorated with a Cartier logo. I walked into the local coffee shop nearby to see if anybody had reported lost jewelry. Sadly, they had no news, so I headed home to print up flyers (传单) to post around the neighborhood. I also tried a local Facebook group.
I waited and waited but nobody called to lay claim to my small treasure. After putting it on the shelf, I eventually forgot all about it. That is, until many months later when our daughter Katie came back home for holiday. She happened to see the ring when reaching a book. With far better eyesight, she soon noticed the tiny letters on the inside of the ring that read, “Omar and Yoshi.” It was so obviously important to them. I promise to do whatever I could to track down this couple.
We searched through years of wedding notices but there was nothing on record for those two names. Frustrated, I began to give up hope, then had one last thought: why not call Cartier stores in the city I called one store. An understandably confused gentleman listened to my story, went silent for a moment and then stated that the ring was totally untraceable(无迹可寻的). He apologized, and I was about to hang up when he suddenly asked if I had found a name on the ring. I told him just the first name, Omar.
“Omar ” he said excitedly. “Omar and Yoshi ”
After nearly a whole year, I finally made it to return my small treasure to Omar and Yoshi.
46．What does the underlined word in Para 1 mean (1 word)
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47．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us (no more than 15 words)
________________
48．Why didn’t the author find the letters on the ring (no more than 15 words)
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49．What finally helped the author find the ring owner (no more than 10 words)
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50．What do you think of the author Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
________________
参考答案：
1．To give people some advice/tips on how to deal with anger./He wants to tell us anger is dangerous and offers the solutions to anger.
2．Hiding /Preventing/Holding back/To hide./To prevent./To hold back. 3．Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. 4．Because it can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. 5．I will first find the real cause of my anger and then calm down before I express myself reasonably. (Open answers)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种危险的情绪和如何正确地应对愤怒。
1．考查推理判断。根据第一段关键句“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it.(医生说愤怒可能是一种极具破坏性的情绪，除非你学会如何处理它。)”和最后一段关键句“Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.(医生说，处理愤怒的一个好方法是在让你生气的情况中找到幽默。)”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了告诉我们愤怒是危险的和应该如何应对愤怒，并给出了医生的建议。故答案为To give people some advice/tips on how to deal with anger./He wants to tell us anger is dangerous and offers the solutions to anger.
2．考查词句猜测。根据画线单词上句“But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. (但其他人把愤怒藏在心里。他们不能也不会表达出来。)”可知，上文介绍了一些人把愤怒藏在心里，不能也不会表达出来，由此可知，他们在压抑愤怒，repressing意为“压抑”，和hide/prevent/hold back意思相近，故答案为Hiding /Preventing/Holding back/To hide./To prevent./To hold back.
3．考查细节理解。根据第二段关键句“Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.(有些人以冷静合理的方式公开表达愤怒。其他人怒不可遏，尖叫大叫。)”可知，人们表达愤怒的常见方式是有些人以平静合理的方式公开表达愤怒。其他人勃然大怒，大喊大叫。故答案为Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.(医生说愤怒可能是一种极具破坏性的情绪，除非你学会如何处理它。他们警告说，愤怒可能导致心脏病、胃病、头痛、情绪问题，甚至可能导致癌症。)”可知，医生说愤怒是危险的，因为它会导致心脏病、胃病、头痛、情绪问题，还可能导致癌症。故答案为Because it can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
5．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段的“Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger(医生说，解决办法是学习如何处理愤怒。他们说，第一步是承认你很生气，并认识到愤怒的真正原因)”，再结合我个人的想法，我会先找到我生气的真正原因，然后冷静下来，合理地表达自己。故答案为I will first find the real cause of my anger and then calm down before I express myself reasonably. (Open answers).
6．It was old-fashioned. / It was in bad condition. 7．Removing. / Emptying. 8．That the poor family had a happier life than the rich lady. 9．To show the most valuable richness in life. 10．I think a positive attitude and courage are the real riches because they help us overcome any difficulty.
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过在停车场观察贫富差距特别明显的两个女人，得出感悟：你分享的越多，你得到的就越多。
6．考查细节理解。根据第二段“A moment later a 30-year-old station wagon pulled up beside the SUV. It smelled of burning oil and probably didn’t have many months of life left in its engine. (过了一会儿，一辆30年的旅行车停在了SUV旁边。它闻起来有一股烧油的味道，它的发动机可能没有几个月的寿命了。)”可知，旅行车是老式的或它的状况很糟糕。故答案为It was old-fashioned. / It was in bad condition.
7．考查词句猜测。根据划线词前句“They had a week’s worth of groceries in their cart. (她们的购物车里有一周的食品杂货。)”和后半句“the mom took out two pieces of cookies, broke both in half, and gave each girl a half of cookie. (妈妈拿出两块饼干，掰成两半，给了每个女孩半块。)”可知，这里指妈妈和女儿把购物车食品杂货卸下放到旅行车里。所以unloading为“卸下；清空”之意。故答案为Removing. / Emptying.
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段“She threw it in the back and pulled out quickly, her eyes still hidden, her face still frowning.(她把它扔到后面，迅速抽出来，眼睛还是藏着，脸上还是皱着眉头。)”、“As they pulled out I thought about the two women. I clearly knew which one had the most money, but I wasn’t sure which one really had the most. (当他们离开时，我想到了那两个女人。我清楚地知道哪一个最有钱，但我不确定哪一个真正富有。)”可推断，贫穷的家庭比富有的女士过着更幸福的生活，促使作者思考真正的财富。故答案为That the poor family had a happier life than the rich lady.
9．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“In this life there are many kinds of riches but the most valuable one of all is love. The truth is the one who loves the most: learns the most, lives the most, gives the most, and grows the most in this life. It is the real riches of this life. (人生有许多种财富，但其中最有价值的是爱。真理是爱得最多的人：这辈子学得最多，活得最充实，付出最多，成长最多。这是人生真正的财富。)”可推断，作者写文章的主要目的是告诉我们生活中最宝贵的财富是爱。故答案为To show the most valuable richness in life.
10．开放题。要求考生回答生活中真正的财富是什么，并解释。考生言之有理则可。参考答案为I think a positive attitude and courage are the real riches because they help us overcome any difficulty.
11．To count down days from December 1st to Christmas. 12．Because Nathan had to wait long before he could open it. 13．He didn’t forget about it at all. 14．Because businessmen start to advertise Christmas earlier and earlier./ Because of the over commercialization of the holiday. 15．I think it’s a wonderful and meaningful present because it taught Nathan about patience and the power of delayed satisfaction.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在儿子内森的软磨硬泡下，给他买下了一份降临历作为生日礼物。但是当时距离圣诞节还有4个月，内森尽管几次想要提前拆开礼物，但是最终等到了圣诞节，他懂得了延迟快乐的意义。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段“An Advent calendar counts down the days until Christmas. Starting on December 1st, (降临节日历为圣诞节倒计时。从12月1日开始)”可知，降临历以前是用于从12月1日开始，标注圣诞节倒计时。故答案为To count down days from December 1st to Christmas.
12．推理判断题。根据第四段“If we bought this for your birthday, you couldn’t start opening the toys until December 1st. That would be a long time for you before playing with a new toy. Are you sure you want it (如果我们买这个作为你的生日礼物，你要到12月1日才能打开玩具。在玩新玩具之前，你得花很长时间。你确定要吗 )”可知，作者一开始并不想给儿子内森买降临历，是因为他得等四个月漫长的时间才能打开生日礼物。这对一个小孩子来说是煎熬的。故答案为Because Nathan had to wait long before he could open it.
13．句意猜测题。根据倒数第四段““How many more days should I wait until I can start opening the toys in the calendar ” he asked the day after his birthday. I gave him a pocket calendar, and we counted how many days there were until December 1st. (“我还要等多少天才能开始打开日历上的玩具 ”他在生日的第二天问道。我给了他一本袖珍日历，我们数着离12月1日还有多少天)”可知，作者原本希望儿子暂时忘记这份特别的生日礼物，但从他的生日第二天起，内森就心心念念打开礼物的日子，作者起初的想法只能是一厢情愿，故答案为He didn’t forget about it at all。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I know these complaints are about the over-commercialization of the holiday, (我知道这些抱怨是关于节日的过度商业化)”可知，作者认为圣诞节日期越来越提前，是因为早在每年的12月25日以前，商家们早已开始各显神通，使出浑身解数，推广各种节日相关的商业活动，故答案为Because businessmen start to advertise Christmas earlier and earlier./ Because of the over commercialization of the holiday.
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After waiting for so long, it was December 1st finally. Nathan’s hands were practically shaking as he opened that first box. “I’m so glad I waited, Mom,” he told me. (等了这么久，终于到了12月1日。当内森打开第一个盒子时，他的手几乎在颤抖。“我真高兴我等了，妈妈，”他告诉我)”可知，作者认为送给内森的这份礼物非常有意义，这让他明白了耐心等待和延迟快乐的意义，故答案为I think it’s a wonderful and meaningful present because it taught Nathan about patience and the power of delayed satisfaction.
16．Cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut. 17．The economic downturn and the higher requirement. 18．Highlight. 19．Getting eminent grades. 20．Studying hard, getting necessary formal qualifications and trying to get more experiences related to the ideal career.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了兼职，实习和就业相关的一些情况，指出优异成绩和正式的资格证书很重要。
16．考查细节理解。根据第二段“For many, weekend or evening work is a rite of passage that may involve cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut. (对许多人来说，周末或晚上的工作是一种成年仪式，可能包括打扫厕所、挤牛奶或操作将果酱放入甜甜圈的机器)”可知，周六的工作举例包括扫厕所、挤牛奶或操作将果酱放入甜甜圈的机器。故答案为Cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut。
17．考查细节理解。根据第四段二三句“It’s economic downturn that has kept it rough for young people to find any kind of job. And many enterprises put forward higher requirement, which are associated with this phenomenon as well. (经济衰退使年轻人难以找到任何工作。许多企业提出了更高的要求，这也与这一现象有关)”可知，使得年轻人找工作更难的原因有两个：经济衰退和更高的要求。故答案为The economic downturn and the higher requirement。
18．考查词句猜测。根据第五段划线句“have the 007 role as a…on his CV (有007这个角色在他的简历上，作为…)”可知，007是一个经典角色，因此与他其他的经历相比，这绝对是简历上最出彩，最好的内容，故可推测protuberance意为简历里“突出的部分，最好的部分”，可以highlight替换。故答案为Highlight。
19．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. (工作基金会高级研究员保罗·西森博士认为，实现职业胜利的坚实选择可能是获得优异成绩)”可知，获得优异成绩是实现职业成功的最好途径。故答案为Getting eminent grades。
20．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. He says that formal qualifications still influence employers’ decision. (工作基金会高级研究员保罗·西森博士认为，实现职业胜利的坚实选择可能是获得优异成绩。他说，正式的资格证书仍然会影响雇主的决定)”可知，优异的成绩和正式的资格证书很重要，因此作为即将踏足社会的学生必须努力学习，获得资格证书，当然相关实习也很重要。故答案为Studying hard, getting necessary formal qualifications and trying to get more experiences related to the ideal career。
21．She was scared of giving presentations about her research. 22．She quitted/quit her usual dance-pop and tried country music, and her clothing changed as well. 23．Emphasized. 24．She wore professional clothing and presented her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up./By wearing professional clothing and presenting her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up.
25．Her strategy to overcome fear in presentation inspires me to boost confidence and face challenges in life.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者从著名歌手Lady Gaga那里学到的一个在演讲中克服恐惧并提升自信的方法。
21．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“I especially feared to give presentations about my research.(我特别害怕做关于我的研究的报告)”可知，作者害怕对她的研究做报告。故答案为She was scared of giving presentations about her research.。
22．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“She had quitted her usual dance-pop and tried country music for the first time, and her clothing had changed as well.(她放弃了平时的流行舞蹈，第一次尝试乡村音乐，她的衣服也变了)”可知，Lady Gaga在新专辑中放弃了平时的流行舞蹈，而是尝试乡村音乐，她的衣服也变了。故答案为She quitted/quit her usual dance-pop and tried country music, and her clothing changed as well.。
23．考查词义猜测。根据画线词上文“so I thought about the features and the image I wanted my professional self to possess(所以我考虑了我想要的职业形象和特征)”及后文“through make-up(通过化妆)”可知，作者考虑自己想要的职业特点和形象，所以应是通过化妆突出了这些特点，highlighted意为“突出，强调”，故答案为Emphasized.。
24．考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“I wore professional clothing and highlighted my features — bravery, grace, and self-assurance — through make-up.(我穿着职业装，通过化妆突出了我的特点——勇敢、优雅和自信)”可知，作者穿着职业装，通过化妆展现她的勇敢、优雅和自信，以此来克服害羞和紧张。故答案为She wore professional clothing and presented her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up./By wearing professional clothing and presenting her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up.。
25．考查推理判断。根据全文内容，结合文章最后一句“Thanks to Lady Gaga, I now have a strategy that unlocks the key to my confidence.(多亏了Lady Gaga，我现在有了一个打开我自信的钥匙的策略)”可知，作者从著名歌手Lady Gaga那里学到了在演讲中克服恐惧并提升自信的方法，这个策略可以激励我们增强信心，面对生活中的挑战。故答案为Her strategy to overcome fear in presentation inspires me to boost confidence and face challenges in life.。
26．Beautiful doll clothes. 27．Went/Move secretly/quietly. 28．He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box. 29．They wanted to play a trick on his son and bring joy to the family. 30．I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次圣诞节以为会收到渴望已久的礼物———只弹簧高跷，却发现只是一把扫帚，失望至极，然后发现是父母捉弄自己，最终收到了梦寐以求的礼物的故事。
26．考查细节理解。由第一段中的“When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. (当我七岁的时候，我看到妈妈在做洋娃娃衣服。她告诉我他们是为穷人准备的，所以我再也没有想过。圣诞节的早晨，当我打开礼物时，里面有那些漂亮的洋娃娃衣服)”可知，作者7岁那年圣诞节早上收到了漂亮的洋娃娃衣服作为礼物。故答案为：Beautiful doll clothes.
27．考查词句猜测。由第二段中的“I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the bam. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. (我记得那一刻我在想，盒子里是不是一根弹簧高跷。我们回到家后，我爸爸把盒子放在了袋子里。我父母不在的时候，我shuck出去谷仓找盒子)”和“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现)”可知，作者急于知道盒子里的圣诞礼物是不是弹簧高跷，所以当父母不在，就悄悄地跑进爸爸放礼物的谷仓，shuck意为“偷偷溜进”，本段下文中的“I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.”（我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物）也是提示，故答案为：Went/Move secretly/quietly.
28．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现。没有这样的运气！盒子里有一把愚蠢的旧扫帚。所以圣诞节的早晨令人失望)”可知，作者本以为自己爸爸给他买了一根弹簧高跷，所以收到旧扫帚（不是想象的礼物）才会感到失望。故答案为：He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box.
29．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present. (当我的父母捉弄我的时候，他们可能会悄悄地笑，我不知道当我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物时，他们是否在从窗户看着我)”和最后一段中的“We had love and we had joy. (我们有爱，我们有快乐)”可知，作者的父母在盒子里放了一把扫帚，是因为他们想捉弄他的儿子，给全家带来欢乐。故答案为：They wanted to play a trick on his son and brought joy to the family.
30．开放性答题，本题要求写一写自己从父母那里收到的最好的礼物是什么，并解释原因，选中一个礼物即可，例如收到父母送的玩具娃娃，因为你特别喜欢玩具。故答案为I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls.
31．The woman is a loving and dutiful daughter. 32．Because there are too many good memories. 33．Relieved 34．That her bothers and sisters want to share the duty of caring their mother. 35．言之有理即可，参考答案we should be a loving and dutiful daughter/son who ensures our parents can spend the rest of their life in a nice way.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为女儿照料年迈的母亲，让她有尊严地度过晚年的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“There I saw a woman of my age with a concerned look on her face helping her elderly father slowly make his way to the men’s room with his walker.She seemed like a loving,dutiful daughter dealing with the role reversal(逆转)that comes with age—those moments when it feels like you’re talking care of your parents,instead of being taken care of by your parents.(在那里，我看到一个和我同龄的女人，脸上带着担忧的表情，帮助年迈的父亲带着助行器慢慢走向男厕所。她看起来像一个可爱的、尽职尽责的女儿，正在处理随着年龄的增长而来的角色转换——那些感觉你在谈论照顾你的父母，而不是被父母照顾的时刻。)”可知，作者认为和她年龄相仿的这个女人是一个有责任心和爱心的女儿。故答案为The woman is a loving and dutiful daughter.
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“Now mom is living alone, in the same house in Virginia where my elder sister,my younger brother and I grew up. The house is full of 55 years’ memories about my mom and my dad.(现在妈妈一个人住在弗吉尼亚州我姐姐、弟弟和我长大的那个房子里。房子里充满了55年来关于我妈妈和我爸爸的回忆。)”可知，由于房子里有很多过去的美好记忆，所以作者的母亲不愿意离开。故答案为Because there are too many good memories.
33．词句猜测题。根据第四段“What about the hours of loneliness that can’t be alleviated with a phone call I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.(那几个小时的孤独不能通过一个电话来____呢？我很幸运，我和我的兄弟姐妹经常沟通，我们都想尽自己的一份力。)”可知，这里应讲一个电话不能“缓解”孤独的时间，所以alleviated应为“缓解”。故答案为Relieved.
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.(我很幸运，我的兄弟姐妹和我经常沟通，我们都想尽自己的一份力。)”可知，作者认为他很幸运是因为兄弟姐妹帮助她分担照顾妈妈的责任。故答案为That her brothers and sisters want to share the duty of caring for their mother.
35．开放性试题。通读全文可知，作者是一个有爱心、有责任心的人，照顾妈妈晚年生活的女儿，所以我们也应该做这样的子女。故答案可为we should be a loving and dutiful daughter/son who ensures our parents can spend the rest of their life in a nice way.
36．To see local wildlife.
Or: To get close to local wildlife. 37．Students, their parents, and teachers themselves, or they raise money to get builders’ help. 38．Strong needs. 39．Roy Austin brought the pleasure of reading to Africa. 40．He is caring and helpful. He understood that the local people in rural Kenya lived a hard life and managed to help them out.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Roy Austin去非洲旅行时发现了肯尼亚乡村的孩子们缺少基本的学习用品，于是他成立了Libraries for Kids International去帮助这些孩子，送去图书。
36．考查推理判断。根据第一段中“All he wanted to do was get close to some African wildlife.(他想做的就是接近一些非洲野生动物)”可知，Roy去非洲的最初目的是看野生动植物。故答案为To see local wildlife。
37．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“In rural Kenya, school buildings are not built by the government. Students, their parents, and teachers find materials and build the schools themselves, or they have to raise money to get builders’ help. (在肯尼亚农村，学校建筑不是由政府建造的。学生、他们的父母和老师自己寻找材料建造学校，或者他们必须筹集资金获得建筑商的帮助)”可知，肯尼亚的学校由政府、学生以及他们的父母、老师以及通过筹集资金获得建筑商的帮助来建造的。故答案为Students, their parents, and teachers themselves, or they raise money to get builders’ help。
38．考查词意猜测。根据倒数第三段中“The students and teachers of the schools very much wanted a library or at least some books to read.(学校的学生和老师都非常想要一个图书馆，或者至少有一些书可以读)”以及划线词后面的内容“for something as seemingly “basic” as books to read still worried Roy. (像要读的书这样看似“基本”的事情仍然让罗伊担心)”可知，肯尼亚的学生们对于像要读的书这样看似“基本”的事情是非常渴望的，因此可以猜测肯尼亚的学生对于读书有着强烈的需求。故划线词yearning与strong needs为同义词，意为“强烈的需求”。故答案为Strong needs。
39．考查主旨大意。通读全文。文章讲述了Roy Austin去非洲旅行时发现了肯尼亚乡村的孩子们缺少基本的学习用品，于是他成立了Libraries for Kids International去帮助这些孩子，送去图书。故答案为Roy Austin brought the pleasure of reading to Africa。
40．考查推理判断。根据第三段中“He was deeply touched by their positive attitude, even though it was hard for them to get books and other school supplies.(尽管他们很难买到书和其他学习用品，但他们积极的态度深深打动了他)”以及根据倒数第二段“He decided to do whatever he could to help these children. So he started the organization Libraries for Kids International.(他决定尽他所能去帮助这些孩子。所以他成立了国际儿童图书馆组织)”以及最后一段中“Since it was started, Roy has shipped over 11,000 books to 11 schools in African countries, including Kenya and Tanzania.(自创办以来，罗伊已经向包括肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚在内的11所非洲国家的学校运送了1.1万多本书)”可知，Roy了解肯尼亚农村的当地人生活艰难，并设法帮助他们摆脱困境，所以他是非常善良的和愿意帮助人的。故答案为He is caring and helpful. He understood that the local people in rural Kenya lived a hard life and managed to help them out。
41．Americans had little interest in history painting. 42．Creative/Clever/Original/Inventive. 43．How Morse got the idea for his invention. 44．In order of time. 45．To achieve success in a field, one must work hard and have interest in it.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了享有盛誉的美国画家、电报之父——塞缪尔·莫尔斯。
41．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“But there was hardly any demand in the United Stated for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits. (但在美国几乎没有任何历史绘画的需求，他不情愿地开始通过画肖像画来养活自己)”可知，莫尔斯1815年从欧洲回来后发现美国人对历史绘画几乎没有兴趣，故答案为：Americans had little interest in history painting.
42．考查词句猜测。由第五段中的“Morse had an fertile mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. (莫尔斯有一个fertile头脑，但对电知之甚少。他做了多年的工作和研究来完善他的发明。1837年，他申请了《美国电磁电报》的专利)”和最后一段中的“In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. (1844年5月，第一条消息在这条电线上闪现。)”可知，从画家转型为发明家，最后发明成功了，可得出他是一个聪明、有创造精神的人，画线单词意为“聪明的、有创造力的”，故答案为：Creative/Clever/Original/Inventive.
43．考查主旨大意。由第三段“During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication (1832年，在一次从欧洲到美国的航行中，莫尔斯遇到了科学家托马斯·杰克逊，他最近在巴黎参加了关于电的讲座。与杰克逊的对话使这位艺术家相信电流可以用来交流)”可知，第三段主要讲莫尔斯是如何想到他的发明构思的，故答案为：How Morse got the idea for his invention.
44．考查推理判断。由第一段中的“Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. (1811年，20岁的塞缪尔·莫尔斯在给母亲的信中写下这句话)”，第二段中的“Samuel returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. (塞缪尔于1815年回国，从事在欧洲备受推崇的历史绘画)”，第三段中的“During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. (1832年，在一次从欧洲到美国的航行中，莫尔斯遇到了科学家托马斯·杰克逊，他最近在巴黎参加了关于电的讲座)”，第五段中的“In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. Finally, in 1843 the United States Congress provided 30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore. (1837年，他申请了《美国电磁电报》的专利。最后，1843年，美国国会拨款30000英镑修建从华盛顿到巴尔的摩的电线)”和最后一段中的“In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. (1844年5月，第一条消息在这条电线上闪现。)”可知，作者按照时间的先后顺序叙述本文，故答案为：In order of time.
45．考查开放答题。考生可根据塞缪尔·莫尔斯的生活经历合理发表见解，如：要在一个领域取得成功，必须努力工作并对其感兴趣，故答案为：To achieve success in a field, one must work hard and have interest in it.
46．Addiction./Passion./Enthusiasm./Habit. 47．The author picked up a ring and tried his/her best to find the owner. 48．Because of his/her poor eyesight. 49．The help of a gentleman in a Cartier store. 50．He/She is kind-hearted and honest. Because he/she spared no effort to find the owner.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者意外捡到了一枚卡地亚戒指，在不懈努力下找到了失主并归还。
46．考查词句猜测。根据第一段第的“I love finding unexpected treasures—the habit likely goes back to my childhood. (我喜欢发现意想不到的宝藏——这个习惯可能可以追溯到我的童年)”可知，此处是指作者至今在遛狗时也会成迷于这种喜欢发现意想不到的宝藏这个爱好（习惯），所以obsession可解释为addiction/passion/enthusiasm/habit。故答案为Addiction./Passion./Enthusiasm./Habit.
47．考查主旨大意。根据第二段的“I carefully took out a ring decorated with a Cartier logo.(我小心翼翼地拿出一枚饰有卡地亚标志的戒指)”和“I walked into the local coffee shop nearby to see if anybody had reported lost jewelry. Sadly, they had no news, so I headed home to print up flyers (传单) to post around the neighborhood. I also tried a local Facebook group.(我走进附近一家咖啡店，想看看是否有人报告珠宝丢失。不幸的是，他们没有消息，所以我回家打印传单贴在附近。我还尝试了当地的一个Facebook群组)”可知，第二段主要是讲作者捡到了一个戒指并竭尽全力想找到失主。故答案为The author picked up a ring and tried his/her best to find the owner.
48．考查推理判断。根据第三段的“With far better eyesight, she soon noticed the tiny letters on the inside of the ring(她的视力好得多，很快就注意到戒指内侧的小字母)”可知，作者是因为视力不好所以没看到戒指上的字母。故答案为Because of his/her poor eyesight.
49．考查细节理解。根据第四段的“An understandably confused gentleman listened to my story, went silent for a moment and then stated that the ring was totally untraceable(无迹可寻的). He apologized, and I was about to hang up when he suddenly asked if I had found a name on the ring. I told him just the first name, Omar.(一位善解人意的困惑的绅士听了我的故事，沉默了一会儿，然后说戒指完全无法追踪。他道了歉，我正要挂断电话，他突然问我是否在戒指上找到了一个名字。我只告诉了他名字，Omar)”和最后一段“After nearly a whole year, I finally made it to return my small treasture to Omar and Yoshi.(将近一年后，我终于把我的小宝贝还给了Omar和Yoshi)”可知，卡地亚门店一位绅士帮助作者找到了戒指的失主。故答案为The help of a gentleman in a Cartier store.
50．考查开放性问答。根据文章内容可知，作者在发现一枚卡地亚戒指后一直坚持寻找失主，所以作者是一个热心且诚实的人。故答案为He/She is kind-hearted and honest. Because he/she spared no effort to find the owner.
（2023春·天津武清·高三天津市武清区杨村第一中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc．In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
1．What’s the author’s purpose by writing this passage (No more than 15 words)
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2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “repressing” in Paragraph 2 (No more than 5 words)
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3．According to the passage, what are the common ways for people to express their anger (No more than 20 words)
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4．Why do doctors say anger is dangerous (No more than 15 words)
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5．How can you deal with anger successfully in your daily life (No more than 20 words)
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（2023秋·天津·高三天津二中校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
You can learn a lot sitting in a parking lot. The other day I was sitting in my car with my sons reading a book while my daughter finished grocery shopping. From time to time, I would look up and observe what was going on outside. One of those times I saw a huge, new, bright red, Cadillac SUV pull up in the parking spot beside me. Out of it stepped a well-dressed young woman in high heels. Her face was tight and determined and her eyes hidden behind sunglasses. I watched her as she headed for the store and wondered about her life.
A moment later a 30-year-old station wagon pulled up beside the SUV. It smelled of burning oil and probably didn’t have many months of life left in its engine. Out of it stepped a young mom with 4 little girls all under the age of 12. All were dressed in worn clothes. She gathered them together and they headed to the store laughing and talking all the way.
A while later I saw the Cadillac lady coming out, pushing a cart filled with a new television set. She threw it in the back and pulled out quickly, her eyes still hidden, her face still frowning. Fifteen minutes after her the station wagon mom emerged with her little girls. They had a week’s worth of groceries in their cart. After unloading it, the mom took out two pieces of cookies, broke both in half, and gave each girl a half of cookie. They smiled like it was the most priceless gift in the world. As they pulled out I thought about the two women. I clearly knew which one had the most money, but I wasn’t sure which one really had the most.
In this life there are many kinds of riches but the most valuable one of all is love. The truth is the one who loves the most: learns the most, lives the most, gives the most, and grows the most in this life. It is the real riches of this life.
6．What was the station wagon like (no more than 5 words)
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7．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean (1 word)
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8．What caused the author to think about the real riches (no more than 15 words)
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9．What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the text (no more than 10 words)
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10．What are the real riches in your life Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津一中校考一模）阅读下面短文,并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。
“Mom, look at this LEGO Star Wars set,” my eight-year-old son Nathan said. “Can I get it for my birthday ” I looked at the LEGO set in question.
“Nathan, this isn’t just a regular LEGO set. It’s an Advent calendar(降临历).” Seeing his questioning look, I explained, “An Advent calendar counts down the days until Christmas. Starting on December 1st, you open one box each day, and each box contains one small LEGO toy.”
“I want this really badly, Mom. Can I get it for my birthday ”
“Yes, but here’s the problem with that. It’s August right now, and your birthday is in September. If we bought this for your birthday, you couldn’t start opening the toys until December 1st. That would be a long time for you before playing with a new toy. Are you sure you want it ” He thought for a minute and said, “Yes, Mom, I really want that Advent calendar.” So we bought the calendar.
On Nathan’s birthday in mid-September, he received many presents, including the Advent calendar. He seemed as surprised and pleased with it as he did with other gifts that were actually a surprise. And then he started to open it.
“Remember that’s an Advent calendar. So we can’t open it yet.” His shoulders slumped(垂下来). “Oh, yeah, that’s right,” he said unwillingly.
We put the box in his closet. I hoped he’d forget about it, but that was wishful thinking.
“How many more days should I wait until I can start opening the toys in the calendar ” he asked the day after his birthday. I gave him a pocket calendar, and we counted how many days there were until December 1st.
After waiting for so long, it was December 1st finally. Nathan’s hands were practically shaking as he opened that first box. “I’m so glad I waited, Mom,” he told me.
People say that Christmas starts earlier and earlier every year. I know these complaints are about the over-commercialization of the holiday, and I see their point. But this year, Christmas came to our house very early, and it was so much fun.
11．What is an Advent calendar used to do (no more than 10 words)
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12．Why was the author unwilling to buy the Advent calendar for Nathan at first (no more than 12 words)
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13．How can we understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 (no more than 8 words)
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14．Why do people say Christmas starts earlier and earlier (no more than 10 words)
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15．What do you think of Nathan’s birthday present Why (no more than 20 words)
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（2023秋·天津滨海新·高三大港一中校考一模）阅读表达
Do you scan yourself in your early 20s already dressed in a smart suit as well as using a company phone Currently more and more young people have been looking for internships (实习生职位) rather than Saturday jobs. But should people be expected to do a proper job at all while they’re still young
For many, weekend or evening work is a rite of passage that may involve cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut.
Plentiful teenagers or students aren’t impressive in holding down a part-time job. But it’s a opportunity to try to experience the world of work and take a crucial first step into adulthood.
But the number of young people doing a Saturday job has decreased by a half in 15 years, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills. It’s economic downturn that has kept it rough for young people to find any kind of job. And many enterprises put forward higher requirement, which are associated with this phenomenon as well. For those seeking a career, there is now greater pressure to choose professional jobs and get work experience.
Those who go on to successful careers often mention their days of waiting tables or picking fruit as experiences of growth. Actor Sean Connery may have the 007 role as a protuberance on his CV while he embarked on working as a milkman when only 14. George Clooney once strove for selling women’s shoes.
What is a proper job White collar work is a golden job that a host of people want to obtain and professionals in finance, advertising, journalism and the law often work exceedingly long hours. However, there is a sense that sitting at a desk all one’s life is not always real work in the same way as some other jobs are.
Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. He says that formal qualifications still influence employers’ decision.
16．According to the passage, what are the examples given of Saturday jobs (no more than 15 words)
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17．What’s made it more difficult for young people to find a job (no more than 8 words)
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18．What does the underlined word “protuberance” in Paragraph 5 probably mean (1 word)
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19．According to an expert mentioned in the article, what could be the best way of achieving career success (no more than 5 words)
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20．As a student who will step into the society, how do you plan for your future career (no more than 25 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津一中校考一模）阅读表达
On the morning of my Ph.D qualifying exam, I rolled out of the bed and got dressed. Next I did my make-up and put on my heels. I looked at myself in the mirror, feeling confident that I could face the members of my Ph.D committee and answer whatever questions they threw at me during my presentation. It’s a strategy that I newly developed due to an unexpected inspiration from Lady Gaga.
As a student, I’ve always struggled with being confident at school. I especially feared to give presentations about my research. The breakthrough came during the month before my qualifying exam when I listened to Lady Gaga’s new album titled Joanne. As a committed fan, I noticed that this album differed greatly compared with her past ones. She had quitted her usual dance-pop and tried country music for the first time, and her clothing had changed as well. Obviously, Lady Gaga was taking a huge professional risk. However, she was confident of the music she released, and the fresh image she adopted.
That got me thinking: Could I do something similar before I stepped on stage My naturally shy and quiet personality was not exactly ideal for public speaking, so I thought about the features and the image I wanted my professional self to possess. I wore professional clothing and highlighted my features — bravery, grace and self-assurance — through make-up.
When I walked into the exam room, I was pleased to discover that I had new-found confidence. Sure, I was still nervous, but I had an unfamiliar sense of calm as soon as I began my talk. I was able to reply to questions without the trembling voice, and I took ownership of the work I presented. Thanks to Lady Gaga, I now have a strategy that unlocks the key to my confidence.
21．What was the author scared of at school (No more than 10 words)
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22．What breakthrough did Lady Gaga make in her new album (No more than 15 words)
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23．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3 (One word)
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24．How did the author conquer her shyness and nervousness in the Ph.D qualifying exam (No more than 15 words)
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25．What inspiration do you get from the author Please explain it in your own words.(No more than 20 words)
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（2022·天津·一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. My mother just smiled and said, “They are for the poor people. We’re poor.”
When I was nine, my greatest desire in life was to own a pogo stick (弹簧高跷). But my mother told me that we simply couldn’t afford one. A few days before Christmas, my parents and I went shopping. While my mother and I were paying the money, my dad came with a long box. I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the barn. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. After all the wrapping paper was cleaned up, my dad came back from the barn with a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it, how they were able to get the money for it and how they tricked me with the broom. My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.
Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all, much love. We had love and we had joy.
26．What present did the author receive on Christmas morning at the age of 7 (no more than 10 words)
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27．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean (no more than 5 words)
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28．Why did the author feel disappointed when the author found a broom in the box (no more than 15 words)
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29．Why did the author’s parents put a broom in the box (no more than 15 words)
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30．What is the best present you’ve received from your parents Please give your reasons.(no more than 20 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
On a recent Saturday, I stepped into a MeDonald to use the ladies’ room. There I saw a woman of my age with a concerned look on her face helping her elderly father slowly make his way to the men’s room with his walker.She seemed like a loving,dutiful daughter dealing with the role reversal(逆转)that comes with age—those moments when it feels like you’re talking care of your parents,instead of being taken care of by your parents.
As a member of the sandwich generation,I can relate.I often feel like the peanut butter between two pieced of bread:I’m trying to hold it together for my two teenage daughters,and also meet the needs of my 89-year-old mom,Elinor.
My mother’s day-to-day care became a must after my father passed away last year.My parents cared for each other through Parkinson’s disease,heart disease and cancer.Now mom is living alone, in the same house in Virginia where my elder sister,my younger brother and I grew up. The house is full of 55 years’ memories about my mom and my dad. And the thought of leaving it makes her extremely sad.
But what if something happens to her and no one is there to help What about the hours of loneliness that can’t be alleviated with a phone call I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.
We don’t want to decide for her, of course. And we do have options: We could ensure that the house is safe for her, or bring in someone a couple of hours a day to cook a few meals and do light house-keeping. The most important thing is to keep talking about it as family,and to keep mom involved in the discussion.
Whatever we decide, we’ll do it together.Mom sacrifices her whole life for us,and we want to help her age with dignity.
31．What does the author think of the woman of her age (no more than 10 words)
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32．Why doesn’t the author’s mother want to leave her house (no more than 8 words)
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33．What does the underlined word “alleviated” in Paragraph 4 mean (1 word)
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34．What makes the author think she is lucky (no more than 16 words)
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35．What inspiration do you get from the passage Please express it in your own words.(no more than 25 words)
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（2023秋·天津·高三天津市第四十七中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Roy Austin first experienced an African adventure in 2018. All he wanted to do was get close to some African wildlife. Although Roy did realize this dream, he found something even more meaningful in Africa.
Roy spent time in many countries throughout East Africa. He was most interested in the people of rural Kenya, especially people of the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School.
During his stay, Roy became friends with several students and teachers at the school. He was deeply touched by their positive attitude, even though it was hard for them to get books and other school supplies. Even finding basic stationary was a challenge, not to mention the lack of school buildings.
In rural Kenya, school buildings are not built by the government. Students, their parents, and teachers find materials and build the schools themselves, or they have to raise money to get builders’ help. Without schools, buildings like libraries and classrooms are just dreams. The students and teachers of the schools very much wanted a library or at least some books to read.
After returning home to South Carolina in the United States, the Kenyan students’ yearning for something as seemingly “basic” as books to read still worried Roy. He decided to do whatever he could to help these children. So he started the organization Libraries for Kids International.
Since it was started, Roy has shipped over 11,000 books to 11 schools in African countries, including Kenya and Tanzania. To keep costs down, he uses the post office to send the books instead of a carrier like FedEx. The organization has helped to supply these schools with much-needed books, which brought Roy much happiness. He plans to continue shipping books to Africa.
36．What was the main purpose of Roy’s 2018 trip to Africa (no more than 5 words.)
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37．Who built school buildings in rural Kenya (no more than 15 words)
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38．What can the underlined word “yearning” in paragraph 5 be replaced by (no more than 5 words)
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39．What is the main idea of the passage (no more than 15 words).
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40．What do you think of Roy And why (no more than 25 words).
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（2022秋·天津·高三天津市双菱中学校考一模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
“I wish that in one instant I could tell you of my safe arrival, but we are 3,000 miles apart and must wait for long weeks to hear from each other.” Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. He was in London studying art. She was at the home in Charlestown, Mass, USA, where he had been born. Perhaps it was at the moment of writing the letter that young Morse first had the desire to bridge space with flying words. This desire was later to give the world the electric telegraph.
Samuel returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. Morse completed an oil painting The House of Representatives, expecting that this would bring him fame. But there was hardly any demand in the United Stated for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits. He was often close to poverty during his career as an artist.
During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication.
During the rest of the voyage he worked excitedly on drawings for his plan. After his arrival at home, he abandoned his artistic career to give his full attention to the project.
Morse had an fertile mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. Finally, in 1843 the United States Congress provided 30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore.
In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. Newspapers, railroads, and businesses quickly found use for the telegraph, which for the first time created a global community.
41．What did Morse find after returning from Europe in 1815 (no more than 10 words)
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42．What does the underlined word “fertile” mean (no more than 1 word)
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43．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about (no more than 10 words)
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44．How does the author organize the passage (no more than 5 words)
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45．What do you think can enable a person to succeed in a certain field (no more than 20 words)
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（2022秋·天津·高三耀华中学校考一模）阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。
I love beautiful scenery as much as others do, but I have always focused downwards wherever I walk. I love finding unexpected treasures—the habit likely goes back to my childhood. Even today, I engage in this obsession while walking the dog up and down the river park, Don Valley.
In January 2019, a few days after an unusually heavy snowfall, I was struggling through the Don Valley as usual with my dog. Snow days are not the best for treasure hunting, so I was surprised to see a shiny gold beneath the snow near the bottom of a hill. I carefully took out a ring decorated with a Cartier logo. I walked into the local coffee shop nearby to see if anybody had reported lost jewelry. Sadly, they had no news, so I headed home to print up flyers (传单) to post around the neighborhood. I also tried a local Facebook group.
I waited and waited but nobody called to lay claim to my small treasure. After putting it on the shelf, I eventually forgot all about it. That is, until many months later when our daughter Katie came back home for holiday. She happened to see the ring when reaching a book. With far better eyesight, she soon noticed the tiny letters on the inside of the ring that read, “Omar and Yoshi.” It was so obviously important to them. I promise to do whatever I could to track down this couple.
We searched through years of wedding notices but there was nothing on record for those two names. Frustrated, I began to give up hope, then had one last thought: why not call Cartier stores in the city I called one store. An understandably confused gentleman listened to my story, went silent for a moment and then stated that the ring was totally untraceable(无迹可寻的). He apologized, and I was about to hang up when he suddenly asked if I had found a name on the ring. I told him just the first name, Omar.
“Omar ” he said excitedly. “Omar and Yoshi ”
After nearly a whole year, I finally made it to return my small treasure to Omar and Yoshi.
46．What does the underlined word in Para 1 mean (1 word)
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47．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us (no more than 15 words)
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48．Why didn’t the author find the letters on the ring (no more than 15 words)
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49．What finally helped the author find the ring owner (no more than 10 words)
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50．What do you think of the author Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
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参考答案：
1．To give people some advice/tips on how to deal with anger./He wants to tell us anger is dangerous and offers the solutions to anger.
2．Hiding /Preventing/Holding back/To hide./To prevent./To hold back. 3．Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. 4．Because it can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. 5．I will first find the real cause of my anger and then calm down before I express myself reasonably. (Open answers)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种危险的情绪和如何正确地应对愤怒。
1．考查推理判断。根据第一段关键句“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it.(医生说愤怒可能是一种极具破坏性的情绪，除非你学会如何处理它。)”和最后一段关键句“Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.(医生说，处理愤怒的一个好方法是在让你生气的情况中找到幽默。)”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了告诉我们愤怒是危险的和应该如何应对愤怒，并给出了医生的建议。故答案为To give people some advice/tips on how to deal with anger./He wants to tell us anger is dangerous and offers the solutions to anger.
2．考查词句猜测。根据画线单词上句“But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. (但其他人把愤怒藏在心里。他们不能也不会表达出来。)”可知，上文介绍了一些人把愤怒藏在心里，不能也不会表达出来，由此可知，他们在压抑愤怒，repressing意为“压抑”，和hide/prevent/hold back意思相近，故答案为Hiding /Preventing/Holding back/To hide./To prevent./To hold back.
3．考查细节理解。根据第二段关键句“Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.(有些人以冷静合理的方式公开表达愤怒。其他人怒不可遏，尖叫大叫。)”可知，人们表达愤怒的常见方式是有些人以平静合理的方式公开表达愤怒。其他人勃然大怒，大喊大叫。故答案为Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.(医生说愤怒可能是一种极具破坏性的情绪，除非你学会如何处理它。他们警告说，愤怒可能导致心脏病、胃病、头痛、情绪问题，甚至可能导致癌症。)”可知，医生说愤怒是危险的，因为它会导致心脏病、胃病、头痛、情绪问题，还可能导致癌症。故答案为Because it can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
5．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段的“Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger(医生说，解决办法是学习如何处理愤怒。他们说，第一步是承认你很生气，并认识到愤怒的真正原因)”，再结合我个人的想法，我会先找到我生气的真正原因，然后冷静下来，合理地表达自己。故答案为I will first find the real cause of my anger and then calm down before I express myself reasonably. (Open answers).
6．It was old-fashioned. / It was in bad condition. 7．Removing. / Emptying. 8．That the poor family had a happier life than the rich lady. 9．To show the most valuable richness in life. 10．I think a positive attitude and courage are the real riches because they help us overcome any difficulty.
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过在停车场观察贫富差距特别明显的两个女人，得出感悟：你分享的越多，你得到的就越多。
6．考查细节理解。根据第二段“A moment later a 30-year-old station wagon pulled up beside the SUV. It smelled of burning oil and probably didn’t have many months of life left in its engine. (过了一会儿，一辆30年的旅行车停在了SUV旁边。它闻起来有一股烧油的味道，它的发动机可能没有几个月的寿命了。)”可知，旅行车是老式的或它的状况很糟糕。故答案为It was old-fashioned. / It was in bad condition.
7．考查词句猜测。根据划线词前句“They had a week’s worth of groceries in their cart. (她们的购物车里有一周的食品杂货。)”和后半句“the mom took out two pieces of cookies, broke both in half, and gave each girl a half of cookie. (妈妈拿出两块饼干，掰成两半，给了每个女孩半块。)”可知，这里指妈妈和女儿把购物车食品杂货卸下放到旅行车里。所以unloading为“卸下；清空”之意。故答案为Removing. / Emptying.
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段“She threw it in the back and pulled out quickly, her eyes still hidden, her face still frowning.(她把它扔到后面，迅速抽出来，眼睛还是藏着，脸上还是皱着眉头。)”、“As they pulled out I thought about the two women. I clearly knew which one had the most money, but I wasn’t sure which one really had the most. (当他们离开时，我想到了那两个女人。我清楚地知道哪一个最有钱，但我不确定哪一个真正富有。)”可推断，贫穷的家庭比富有的女士过着更幸福的生活，促使作者思考真正的财富。故答案为That the poor family had a happier life than the rich lady.
9．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“In this life there are many kinds of riches but the most valuable one of all is love. The truth is the one who loves the most: learns the most, lives the most, gives the most, and grows the most in this life. It is the real riches of this life. (人生有许多种财富，但其中最有价值的是爱。真理是爱得最多的人：这辈子学得最多，活得最充实，付出最多，成长最多。这是人生真正的财富。)”可推断，作者写文章的主要目的是告诉我们生活中最宝贵的财富是爱。故答案为To show the most valuable richness in life.
10．开放题。要求考生回答生活中真正的财富是什么，并解释。考生言之有理则可。参考答案为I think a positive attitude and courage are the real riches because they help us overcome any difficulty.
11．To count down days from December 1st to Christmas. 12．Because Nathan had to wait long before he could open it. 13．He didn’t forget about it at all. 14．Because businessmen start to advertise Christmas earlier and earlier./ Because of the over commercialization of the holiday. 15．I think it’s a wonderful and meaningful present because it taught Nathan about patience and the power of delayed satisfaction.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在儿子内森的软磨硬泡下，给他买下了一份降临历作为生日礼物。但是当时距离圣诞节还有4个月，内森尽管几次想要提前拆开礼物，但是最终等到了圣诞节，他懂得了延迟快乐的意义。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段“An Advent calendar counts down the days until Christmas. Starting on December 1st, (降临节日历为圣诞节倒计时。从12月1日开始)”可知，降临历以前是用于从12月1日开始，标注圣诞节倒计时。故答案为To count down days from December 1st to Christmas.
12．推理判断题。根据第四段“If we bought this for your birthday, you couldn’t start opening the toys until December 1st. That would be a long time for you before playing with a new toy. Are you sure you want it (如果我们买这个作为你的生日礼物，你要到12月1日才能打开玩具。在玩新玩具之前，你得花很长时间。你确定要吗 )”可知，作者一开始并不想给儿子内森买降临历，是因为他得等四个月漫长的时间才能打开生日礼物。这对一个小孩子来说是煎熬的。故答案为Because Nathan had to wait long before he could open it.
13．句意猜测题。根据倒数第四段““How many more days should I wait until I can start opening the toys in the calendar ” he asked the day after his birthday. I gave him a pocket calendar, and we counted how many days there were until December 1st. (“我还要等多少天才能开始打开日历上的玩具 ”他在生日的第二天问道。我给了他一本袖珍日历，我们数着离12月1日还有多少天)”可知，作者原本希望儿子暂时忘记这份特别的生日礼物，但从他的生日第二天起，内森就心心念念打开礼物的日子，作者起初的想法只能是一厢情愿，故答案为He didn’t forget about it at all。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I know these complaints are about the over-commercialization of the holiday, (我知道这些抱怨是关于节日的过度商业化)”可知，作者认为圣诞节日期越来越提前，是因为早在每年的12月25日以前，商家们早已开始各显神通，使出浑身解数，推广各种节日相关的商业活动，故答案为Because businessmen start to advertise Christmas earlier and earlier./ Because of the over commercialization of the holiday.
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After waiting for so long, it was December 1st finally. Nathan’s hands were practically shaking as he opened that first box. “I’m so glad I waited, Mom,” he told me. (等了这么久，终于到了12月1日。当内森打开第一个盒子时，他的手几乎在颤抖。“我真高兴我等了，妈妈，”他告诉我)”可知，作者认为送给内森的这份礼物非常有意义，这让他明白了耐心等待和延迟快乐的意义，故答案为I think it’s a wonderful and meaningful present because it taught Nathan about patience and the power of delayed satisfaction.
16．Cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut. 17．The economic downturn and the higher requirement. 18．Highlight. 19．Getting eminent grades. 20．Studying hard, getting necessary formal qualifications and trying to get more experiences related to the ideal career.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了兼职，实习和就业相关的一些情况，指出优异成绩和正式的资格证书很重要。
16．考查细节理解。根据第二段“For many, weekend or evening work is a rite of passage that may involve cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut. (对许多人来说，周末或晚上的工作是一种成年仪式，可能包括打扫厕所、挤牛奶或操作将果酱放入甜甜圈的机器)”可知，周六的工作举例包括扫厕所、挤牛奶或操作将果酱放入甜甜圈的机器。故答案为Cleaning toilets, milking cows or operating the machine that puts jam into a doughnut。
17．考查细节理解。根据第四段二三句“It’s economic downturn that has kept it rough for young people to find any kind of job. And many enterprises put forward higher requirement, which are associated with this phenomenon as well. (经济衰退使年轻人难以找到任何工作。许多企业提出了更高的要求，这也与这一现象有关)”可知，使得年轻人找工作更难的原因有两个：经济衰退和更高的要求。故答案为The economic downturn and the higher requirement。
18．考查词句猜测。根据第五段划线句“have the 007 role as a…on his CV (有007这个角色在他的简历上，作为…)”可知，007是一个经典角色，因此与他其他的经历相比，这绝对是简历上最出彩，最好的内容，故可推测protuberance意为简历里“突出的部分，最好的部分”，可以highlight替换。故答案为Highlight。
19．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. (工作基金会高级研究员保罗·西森博士认为，实现职业胜利的坚实选择可能是获得优异成绩)”可知，获得优异成绩是实现职业成功的最好途径。故答案为Getting eminent grades。
20．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Dr Paul Sissons, senior researcher at the Work Foundation, argues that the solid choice to realised occupation triumph could be getting eminent grades. He says that formal qualifications still influence employers’ decision. (工作基金会高级研究员保罗·西森博士认为，实现职业胜利的坚实选择可能是获得优异成绩。他说，正式的资格证书仍然会影响雇主的决定)”可知，优异的成绩和正式的资格证书很重要，因此作为即将踏足社会的学生必须努力学习，获得资格证书，当然相关实习也很重要。故答案为Studying hard, getting necessary formal qualifications and trying to get more experiences related to the ideal career。
21．She was scared of giving presentations about her research. 22．She quitted/quit her usual dance-pop and tried country music, and her clothing changed as well. 23．Emphasized. 24．She wore professional clothing and presented her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up./By wearing professional clothing and presenting her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up.
25．Her strategy to overcome fear in presentation inspires me to boost confidence and face challenges in life.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者从著名歌手Lady Gaga那里学到的一个在演讲中克服恐惧并提升自信的方法。
21．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“I especially feared to give presentations about my research.(我特别害怕做关于我的研究的报告)”可知，作者害怕对她的研究做报告。故答案为She was scared of giving presentations about her research.。
22．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“She had quitted her usual dance-pop and tried country music for the first time, and her clothing had changed as well.(她放弃了平时的流行舞蹈，第一次尝试乡村音乐，她的衣服也变了)”可知，Lady Gaga在新专辑中放弃了平时的流行舞蹈，而是尝试乡村音乐，她的衣服也变了。故答案为She quitted/quit her usual dance-pop and tried country music, and her clothing changed as well.。
23．考查词义猜测。根据画线词上文“so I thought about the features and the image I wanted my professional self to possess(所以我考虑了我想要的职业形象和特征)”及后文“through make-up(通过化妆)”可知，作者考虑自己想要的职业特点和形象，所以应是通过化妆突出了这些特点，highlighted意为“突出，强调”，故答案为Emphasized.。
24．考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“I wore professional clothing and highlighted my features — bravery, grace, and self-assurance — through make-up.(我穿着职业装，通过化妆突出了我的特点——勇敢、优雅和自信)”可知，作者穿着职业装，通过化妆展现她的勇敢、优雅和自信，以此来克服害羞和紧张。故答案为She wore professional clothing and presented her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up./By wearing professional clothing and presenting her bravery, grace, and confidence through make-up.。
25．考查推理判断。根据全文内容，结合文章最后一句“Thanks to Lady Gaga, I now have a strategy that unlocks the key to my confidence.(多亏了Lady Gaga，我现在有了一个打开我自信的钥匙的策略)”可知，作者从著名歌手Lady Gaga那里学到了在演讲中克服恐惧并提升自信的方法，这个策略可以激励我们增强信心，面对生活中的挑战。故答案为Her strategy to overcome fear in presentation inspires me to boost confidence and face challenges in life.。
26．Beautiful doll clothes. 27．Went/Move secretly/quietly. 28．He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box. 29．They wanted to play a trick on his son and bring joy to the family. 30．I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次圣诞节以为会收到渴望已久的礼物———只弹簧高跷，却发现只是一把扫帚，失望至极，然后发现是父母捉弄自己，最终收到了梦寐以求的礼物的故事。
26．考查细节理解。由第一段中的“When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. (当我七岁的时候，我看到妈妈在做洋娃娃衣服。她告诉我他们是为穷人准备的，所以我再也没有想过。圣诞节的早晨，当我打开礼物时，里面有那些漂亮的洋娃娃衣服)”可知，作者7岁那年圣诞节早上收到了漂亮的洋娃娃衣服作为礼物。故答案为：Beautiful doll clothes.
27．考查词句猜测。由第二段中的“I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the bam. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. (我记得那一刻我在想，盒子里是不是一根弹簧高跷。我们回到家后，我爸爸把盒子放在了袋子里。我父母不在的时候，我shuck出去谷仓找盒子)”和“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现)”可知，作者急于知道盒子里的圣诞礼物是不是弹簧高跷，所以当父母不在，就悄悄地跑进爸爸放礼物的谷仓，shuck意为“偷偷溜进”，本段下文中的“I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.”（我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物）也是提示，故答案为：Went/Move secretly/quietly.
28．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现。没有这样的运气！盒子里有一把愚蠢的旧扫帚。所以圣诞节的早晨令人失望)”可知，作者本以为自己爸爸给他买了一根弹簧高跷，所以收到旧扫帚（不是想象的礼物）才会感到失望。故答案为：He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box.
29．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present. (当我的父母捉弄我的时候，他们可能会悄悄地笑，我不知道当我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物时，他们是否在从窗户看着我)”和最后一段中的“We had love and we had joy. (我们有爱，我们有快乐)”可知，作者的父母在盒子里放了一把扫帚，是因为他们想捉弄他的儿子，给全家带来欢乐。故答案为：They wanted to play a trick on his son and brought joy to the family.
30．开放性答题，本题要求写一写自己从父母那里收到的最好的礼物是什么，并解释原因，选中一个礼物即可，例如收到父母送的玩具娃娃，因为你特别喜欢玩具。故答案为I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls.
31．The woman is a loving and dutiful daughter. 32．Because there are too many good memories. 33．Relieved 34．That her bothers and sisters want to share the duty of caring their mother. 35．言之有理即可，参考答案we should be a loving and dutiful daughter/son who ensures our parents can spend the rest of their life in a nice way.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为女儿照料年迈的母亲，让她有尊严地度过晚年的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“There I saw a woman of my age with a concerned look on her face helping her elderly father slowly make his way to the men’s room with his walker.She seemed like a loving,dutiful daughter dealing with the role reversal(逆转)that comes with age—those moments when it feels like you’re talking care of your parents,instead of being taken care of by your parents.(在那里，我看到一个和我同龄的女人，脸上带着担忧的表情，帮助年迈的父亲带着助行器慢慢走向男厕所。她看起来像一个可爱的、尽职尽责的女儿，正在处理随着年龄的增长而来的角色转换——那些感觉你在谈论照顾你的父母，而不是被父母照顾的时刻。)”可知，作者认为和她年龄相仿的这个女人是一个有责任心和爱心的女儿。故答案为The woman is a loving and dutiful daughter.
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“Now mom is living alone, in the same house in Virginia where my elder sister,my younger brother and I grew up. The house is full of 55 years’ memories about my mom and my dad.(现在妈妈一个人住在弗吉尼亚州我姐姐、弟弟和我长大的那个房子里。房子里充满了55年来关于我妈妈和我爸爸的回忆。)”可知，由于房子里有很多过去的美好记忆，所以作者的母亲不愿意离开。故答案为Because there are too many good memories.
33．词句猜测题。根据第四段“What about the hours of loneliness that can’t be alleviated with a phone call I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.(那几个小时的孤独不能通过一个电话来____呢？我很幸运，我和我的兄弟姐妹经常沟通，我们都想尽自己的一份力。)”可知，这里应讲一个电话不能“缓解”孤独的时间，所以alleviated应为“缓解”。故答案为Relieved.
34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I am lucky that my brothers and sisters and I are in regular communication and we all want to do our part.(我很幸运，我的兄弟姐妹和我经常沟通，我们都想尽自己的一份力。)”可知，作者认为他很幸运是因为兄弟姐妹帮助她分担照顾妈妈的责任。故答案为That her brothers and sisters want to share the duty of caring for their mother.
35．开放性试题。通读全文可知，作者是一个有爱心、有责任心的人，照顾妈妈晚年生活的女儿，所以我们也应该做这样的子女。故答案可为we should be a loving and dutiful daughter/son who ensures our parents can spend the rest of their life in a nice way.
36．To see local wildlife.
Or: To get close to local wildlife. 37．Students, their parents, and teachers themselves, or they raise money to get builders’ help. 38．Strong needs. 39．Roy Austin brought the pleasure of reading to Africa. 40．He is caring and helpful. He understood that the local people in rural Kenya lived a hard life and managed to help them out.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Roy Austin去非洲旅行时发现了肯尼亚乡村的孩子们缺少基本的学习用品，于是他成立了Libraries for Kids International去帮助这些孩子，送去图书。
36．考查推理判断。根据第一段中“All he wanted to do was get close to some African wildlife.(他想做的就是接近一些非洲野生动物)”可知，Roy去非洲的最初目的是看野生动植物。故答案为To see local wildlife。
37．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“In rural Kenya, school buildings are not built by the government. Students, their parents, and teachers find materials and build the schools themselves, or they have to raise money to get builders’ help. (在肯尼亚农村，学校建筑不是由政府建造的。学生、他们的父母和老师自己寻找材料建造学校，或者他们必须筹集资金获得建筑商的帮助)”可知，肯尼亚的学校由政府、学生以及他们的父母、老师以及通过筹集资金获得建筑商的帮助来建造的。故答案为Students, their parents, and teachers themselves, or they raise money to get builders’ help。
38．考查词意猜测。根据倒数第三段中“The students and teachers of the schools very much wanted a library or at least some books to read.(学校的学生和老师都非常想要一个图书馆，或者至少有一些书可以读)”以及划线词后面的内容“for something as seemingly “basic” as books to read still worried Roy. (像要读的书这样看似“基本”的事情仍然让罗伊担心)”可知，肯尼亚的学生们对于像要读的书这样看似“基本”的事情是非常渴望的，因此可以猜测肯尼亚的学生对于读书有着强烈的需求。故划线词yearning与strong needs为同义词，意为“强烈的需求”。故答案为Strong needs。
39．考查主旨大意。通读全文。文章讲述了Roy Austin去非洲旅行时发现了肯尼亚乡村的孩子们缺少基本的学习用品，于是他成立了Libraries for Kids International去帮助这些孩子，送去图书。故答案为Roy Austin brought the pleasure of reading to Africa。
40．考查推理判断。根据第三段中“He was deeply touched by their positive attitude, even though it was hard for them to get books and other school supplies.(尽管他们很难买到书和其他学习用品，但他们积极的态度深深打动了他)”以及根据倒数第二段“He decided to do whatever he could to help these children. So he started the organization Libraries for Kids International.(他决定尽他所能去帮助这些孩子。所以他成立了国际儿童图书馆组织)”以及最后一段中“Since it was started, Roy has shipped over 11,000 books to 11 schools in African countries, including Kenya and Tanzania.(自创办以来，罗伊已经向包括肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚在内的11所非洲国家的学校运送了1.1万多本书)”可知，Roy了解肯尼亚农村的当地人生活艰难，并设法帮助他们摆脱困境，所以他是非常善良的和愿意帮助人的。故答案为He is caring and helpful. He understood that the local people in rural Kenya lived a hard life and managed to help them out。
41．Americans had little interest in history painting. 42．Creative/Clever/Original/Inventive. 43．How Morse got the idea for his invention. 44．In order of time. 45．To achieve success in a field, one must work hard and have interest in it.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了享有盛誉的美国画家、电报之父——塞缪尔·莫尔斯。
41．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“But there was hardly any demand in the United Stated for history painting, and he unwillingly started to support himself by painting portraits. (但在美国几乎没有任何历史绘画的需求，他不情愿地开始通过画肖像画来养活自己)”可知，莫尔斯1815年从欧洲回来后发现美国人对历史绘画几乎没有兴趣，故答案为：Americans had little interest in history painting.
42．考查词句猜测。由第五段中的“Morse had an fertile mind but little knowledge of electricity. He did years of work and study to perfect his invention. In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. (莫尔斯有一个fertile头脑，但对电知之甚少。他做了多年的工作和研究来完善他的发明。1837年，他申请了《美国电磁电报》的专利)”和最后一段中的“In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. (1844年5月，第一条消息在这条电线上闪现。)”可知，从画家转型为发明家，最后发明成功了，可得出他是一个聪明、有创造精神的人，画线单词意为“聪明的、有创造力的”，故答案为：Creative/Clever/Original/Inventive.
43．考查主旨大意。由第三段“During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. Conversations with Jackson made the artist believe that an electrical current could be used for communication (1832年，在一次从欧洲到美国的航行中，莫尔斯遇到了科学家托马斯·杰克逊，他最近在巴黎参加了关于电的讲座。与杰克逊的对话使这位艺术家相信电流可以用来交流)”可知，第三段主要讲莫尔斯是如何想到他的发明构思的，故答案为：How Morse got the idea for his invention.
44．考查推理判断。由第一段中的“Samuel Morse was 20 when he wrote this sentence in a letter to his mother in 1811. (1811年，20岁的塞缪尔·莫尔斯在给母亲的信中写下这句话)”，第二段中的“Samuel returned in 1815 to work on history painting much admired in Europe. (塞缪尔于1815年回国，从事在欧洲备受推崇的历史绘画)”，第三段中的“During a voyage from Europe to America in 1832, Morse met Thomas Jackson, a scientist who had recently attended lectures on electricity in Paris. (1832年，在一次从欧洲到美国的航行中，莫尔斯遇到了科学家托马斯·杰克逊，他最近在巴黎参加了关于电的讲座)”，第五段中的“In 1837 he applied for a patent on The American Electromagnetic Telegraph. Finally, in 1843 the United States Congress provided 30,000 to build a line from Washington to Baltimore. (1837年，他申请了《美国电磁电报》的专利。最后，1843年，美国国会拨款30000英镑修建从华盛顿到巴尔的摩的电线)”和最后一段中的“In May 1844 the first message was flashed over this wire. (1844年5月，第一条消息在这条电线上闪现。)”可知，作者按照时间的先后顺序叙述本文，故答案为：In order of time.
45．考查开放答题。考生可根据塞缪尔·莫尔斯的生活经历合理发表见解，如：要在一个领域取得成功，必须努力工作并对其感兴趣，故答案为：To achieve success in a field, one must work hard and have interest in it.
46．Addiction./Passion./Enthusiasm./Habit. 47．The author picked up a ring and tried his/her best to find the owner. 48．Because of his/her poor eyesight. 49．The help of a gentleman in a Cartier store. 50．He/She is kind-hearted and honest. Because he/she spared no effort to find the owner.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者意外捡到了一枚卡地亚戒指，在不懈努力下找到了失主并归还。
46．考查词句猜测。根据第一段第的“I love finding unexpected treasures—the habit likely goes back to my childhood. (我喜欢发现意想不到的宝藏——这个习惯可能可以追溯到我的童年)”可知，此处是指作者至今在遛狗时也会成迷于这种喜欢发现意想不到的宝藏这个爱好（习惯），所以obsession可解释为addiction/passion/enthusiasm/habit。故答案为Addiction./Passion./Enthusiasm./Habit.
47．考查主旨大意。根据第二段的“I carefully took out a ring decorated with a Cartier logo.(我小心翼翼地拿出一枚饰有卡地亚标志的戒指)”和“I walked into the local coffee shop nearby to see if anybody had reported lost jewelry. Sadly, they had no news, so I headed home to print up flyers (传单) to post around the neighborhood. I also tried a local Facebook group.(我走进附近一家咖啡店，想看看是否有人报告珠宝丢失。不幸的是，他们没有消息，所以我回家打印传单贴在附近。我还尝试了当地的一个Facebook群组)”可知，第二段主要是讲作者捡到了一个戒指并竭尽全力想找到失主。故答案为The author picked up a ring and tried his/her best to find the owner.
48．考查推理判断。根据第三段的“With far better eyesight, she soon noticed the tiny letters on the inside of the ring(她的视力好得多，很快就注意到戒指内侧的小字母)”可知，作者是因为视力不好所以没看到戒指上的字母。故答案为Because of his/her poor eyesight.
49．考查细节理解。根据第四段的“An understandably confused gentleman listened to my story, went silent for a moment and then stated that the ring was totally untraceable(无迹可寻的). He apologized, and I was about to hang up when he suddenly asked if I had found a name on the ring. I told him just the first name, Omar.(一位善解人意的困惑的绅士听了我的故事，沉默了一会儿，然后说戒指完全无法追踪。他道了歉，我正要挂断电话，他突然问我是否在戒指上找到了一个名字。我只告诉了他名字，Omar)”和最后一段“After nearly a whole year, I finally made it to return my small treasture to Omar and Yoshi.(将近一年后，我终于把我的小宝贝还给了Omar和Yoshi)”可知，卡地亚门店一位绅士帮助作者找到了戒指的失主。故答案为The help of a gentleman in a Cartier store.
50．考查开放性问答。根据文章内容可知，作者在发现一枚卡地亚戒指后一直坚持寻找失主，所以作者是一个热心且诚实的人。故答案为He/She is kind-hearted and honest. Because he/she spared no effort to find the owner.