外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first Developing ideas — Presenting ideas词汇精讲课堂课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本：新外研
单元：必修二 Unit 6 (Developing ideas — Presenting ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. majority：major (adj 主要的) + -ity (名词后缀)，反义词：minority
词块：the majority of, be in the majority
2. false：反义词true
3. amount：a- (加强意义) + -mount- (mountain 山) → 到达山顶 → 到达最顶处 → 总、合
词块：a large amount of; amount to
4. device：词块：digital / mobile devices
熟词生义：手段；策略；方法
5. stand-by：stand + by (联系短语动词stand by 准备行动)
6. mode：词块：stand-by / flight mode
7. electricity：词块：cut off electricity, make / produce / generate electricity, turn on / off electricity
8. leak：一词多义：基本义“漏”水
隐喻：具体的“漏”水 → 抽象的“泄露”消息等
9. appliance：词块：turn on / off appliances, home appliances
10. remove： re- (back / away 回、离开) + move (移动)
一词多义：基本义“移走”；词块：remove … from
派生词：removal, removable
11. plug：熟词生义：插头； 名词动词化：plug in
12. take ... into account = take account of
13. litre：美式英语liter
14. campaign：camp (field 平地) + -aign (古代军队常选择在平坦的旷野中扎营，既便于安营扎寨，又拥有开阔的视野，免遭敌人突袭) campaign原指军队之间的“战役”，后引申为政治、商业或社会目的而进行的 “运动”
同根词：camp, campus
15. urge：一词多义，基本义为“驱赶”
词块：urge sb to do sth, urge that sb (should) do sth; reduce / resist / fight the urge to do sth
16. canteen：音译词；cafeteria, dining hall
17. concerned：concern (v 使担忧) + -ed (分词形容词）
词块：be concerned with / about / for, as far as … be concerned
18. contribute: con- (together 共同) + -tribut- (贡献) + -e
词块：contribute to, contribute (sth) to sth
词族：contribute, contributor, contribution
19. average：词源：在海运活动中，当船只遇到恶劣天气等危险，往往会抛弃一部分货物以减轻载重，避免船只倾覆。海损由相关各方平均分摊，这在古代西方已经形成惯例。average原本指的就是这种海运货物损失，后又引申出“平均的”、“普通的”之意。
词块：an average of, below / above average, on average
重难点词
精讲
remove
concerned
contribute
一词多义
英语释义
一词多义
一词多义
英语释义
搭配义
一词多义
辨析义
urge
amount
搭配义
average
一词多义
搭配义
amount
重要的不是你投入了多少时间，而是你在这段时间里投入了多少。
amount
■ n [C] & [U] 数量；数额；总数：
When you are traveling, don’t display large amounts of cash to others.
A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a huge amount of benefit.
注：amounts of / a large (huge / small) amount of 尤与不可数名词连用。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与amount的数保持一致。
Large amounts of money were spent on building the bridge.
There’s only a small amount of food.
a- (加强意义) + -mount- (mountain 山) → 到达山顶 → 到达最顶处 → 总、合
vi
amount to
达到 (某数量)；合计：
At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million. 2017 浙江
相当于；等于；意味着：
Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing.
remove
你知道“卸妆”用英语怎么表达吗？答案就是remove make-up。即把妆容make-up从脸上“移走”。
remove词源
from re- “back, away” + movere “to move”
此处前缀re-是“回 / 离开 (back和away)”，remove的所有释义都与move away有关联。因此，remove的基本义是“移走”。
移走；移开；搬走 take away：
He was too tired to remove the stone.
He removed a notice from the door.
[正式用语] 摘掉；脱掉 take off：
She removed the diamond ring to cook a meal. 2017 浙江改
日常用语中更常用take off
remove vt
消除；去掉 get rid of：
remove sb’s fear / doubts
remove dark spots
把……免职；撤去 dismiss from：
remove a man from office
【拓展】
removal n [C] & [U] 移走；移去；消除
remove 语义网络图
把……免职；撤去
移走
（基本义）
消除；去掉
移走不好的东西 （抽象）
移走首饰衣物等 （具体）
移走具体的物体
（具体）
摘掉；脱掉
移走；移开；搬走
移走职务岗位等（人）
urge
我们每天都需要去卫生间，那么“急需去卫生间”怎么表达呢？可借用urge的名词来帮忙：the urge to pee (尿急)。
urge
vt
[正式用语] 驱策；驱赶：
I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. 2014 重庆
催促；力劝 to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth：
① urge sb to do sth:
They urged me to eat the strange food.
② urge + that ... (should) do sth:
He urged that we (should) take such steps.
词源义： 推、驱动”(to press hard, drive)，基本义为“驱赶”
大力推荐；极力主张 to recommend sth strongly：
The situation is dangerous and the UN is urging caution.
n [C] 强烈的欲望；迫切的需要 (desire)：
urge to do sth:
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack between meals. 2017 全国
【词汇拓展】
urgent R2 adj 急迫的；迫切的；紧急的：
I was in urgent need of money.
Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.
urge语义网络图
驱赶
urge (v)
基本义
驱赶动物等
驱赶某人做某事
极力把某事物“驱赶”给别人
驱策；驱赶
催促；力劝
大力推荐；极力主张
程度递进
完成句子：
Look, I’m ________________________ (担心的) about her. (2014 湖北听力)
concerned
concerned
worried /
更常用于日常用语
concerned adj
[不用于名词前] 有关的；有关联的：
be concerned with / in:
Her job is something concerned with computers.
People concerned in the event were all punished.
担忧的；关心的 worried about sth, or caring about sb：
be concerned about / for:
I’m a bit concerned about / for her safety.
Parents are all concerned about / for their children.
关注的；关切的 believing that sth is important：
be concerned with:
More people are concerned with the protection of endangered animals.
Many of my students were more concerned with their grades than with the knowledge they gained.
as far as … be concerned 就……而言；关于：
As far as I’m concerned, riding bicycles is a good solution to air pollution. 2011 江西书面表达
I’m doing fine as far as history is concerned, but my math is not good.
concerning [正式用语] prep 关于 (regarding / with regard to)：
various questions concerning pollution and environment
contribute
tribe由tri（three， 三）+ -be构成，来自拉丁语 tribus, 部落、宗族、地区，特指古罗马城邦三个宗族集团 —— Latins (拉丁人)，Sabines (萨宾人)，Etruscans (伊特鲁里亚人) 。
tribe (部落) → tribute 贡品、贡金
con- (一起) + tribute → contribute (一起把贡品献给……) → 贡献
contribute由con- + -tribute构成。
contribute v
vt & vi 贡献；捐助；捐献：
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.
contribute (sth) to sth:
Immigrants have contributed to American culture in many ways.
contribute (money) to the Red Cross
He never contributes (ideas) to the discussion.
vi 造成 / 促使 (某事发生) to help to make sth happen：
Alcohol contributes to 100, 000 deaths a year in the US.
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.
vt & vi 投 (稿)；撰 (稿)：
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.
contribution n [C]
贡献：
I admire Edison a lot because he made a great
contribution to the world.
捐款；捐献物：
I gave a contribution of $100 to / toward the church. 2008 湖南书面表达改
稿件；作品：
This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
contributor n [C] 捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素
同结构：way to sth, key to sth, solution to sth
二者均可表示“捐献”，其后均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。
It is more meaningful to donate / contribute books and sports goods to children in need. 2013 江苏改
donate 还有“献血”之意。
Many people have donated that type of blood. 2012 北京
contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、 物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”、“起作用”、“投稿”的意思。
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.
The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.
辨 donate, contribute
contribute语义网络图
贡献contribute
(基本义)
“贡献”人力、物力、财力等
为某事的发生做“贡献”
“贡献”稿件等
贡献；捐助；捐献
造成 / 促使
(某事发生)
投 (稿)；撰 (稿)
贡献
contribution
捐款；捐献物
稿件；作品
J.K. Rowling’s novel Harry Potter made a great contribution to the world literature. She has contributed a lot of money to the charity since she became rich. To inspire other writers, she shared some rejection letters from the publishers. Those letters related to The Cuckoo’s Calling. J.K. Rowling contributed the novel to a magazine under the name of Galbraith without revealing her true identity. It was rejected by several publishers, and Rowling was even advised to take a writing course. When The Cuckoo’s Calling eventually found a publisher in 2013, it was achieving respectable sales before the secret of its authorship broke, and it contributed to the novel reaching the top of the bestseller lists.
average
如果对自己的英语水平做个评价，你的英语水平如何？
Excellent Very good Good Fairly good 还是 Average 或者 Below average
如果说你的水平中等偏上，该怎么表达？
average 词源
average 源自阿拉伯语 awariya (损坏的货物)。在海运活动中，当船只遇到恶劣天气等危险，往往会抛弃一部分货物以减轻载重，避免船只倾覆。average 原本指的就是这种海运货物损失。海损由相关各方平均分摊，这在古代西方已经形成惯例。average 在17世纪时引申出“平均分摊”之意，又从中引申出“平均的”、“普通的”之意。
average
■ n [C] & [U]
平均；平均数：
The average of 3, 8 and 10 is 7.
I spend an average of about $200 a year on books.
一般水平；平均标准：
below / above average
the national average
on average 平均；一般地：
On average we have five classes a day.
Women, on average, live longer. 2016 四川
■ adj [无比较级]
[只用于名词前] 平均的：
The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. 2018 全国
中等的；适中的 normal or typical：
children of average intelligence
He was in his late twenties and of average height.
平常的；普遍的 not special; ordinary：
Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. 2017 全国
■ vt [不用于被动语态] 平均为
本单元金句汇总
1. A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a huge amount of benefit.
2. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack between meals.
3. I’m a bit concerned about / for her safety.
4. As far as I’m concerned, riding bicycles is a good solution to air pollution.
5. I admire Edison a lot because he made a great
contribution to the world.
6. I spend an average of about $200 a year on books.
7. Freddy was an average student, but not an average person.
随堂检测
amount
一、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语意思。
1. If you add all these amounts together you get a huge figure.
___________
2. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million. (2017 浙江) ___________
二、根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。
1. I was surprised at ____________________ (工作量) I had to do.
2. I spent ____________________ (大量的时间) preparing for the exam.
达到
数目；数量
a large amount of time
the amount of work
remove
一、写出下列句子中remove的汉语释义。
1. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice. (2013 广东) __________
2. This medicine can reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. (2010 上海改) ___________
3. It got so hot that he removed his tie and jacket. ___________
4. These coffee stains (污渍) can be difficult to remove. ___________
拿走
消除；去除
摘下
去除
二、根据所给汉语用remove完成句子。
1. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helps to _______________________________ (把包从她肩膀上摘下). (2013 江苏书面表达)
2. Reference books may _______________________________ (不能从图书馆带走).
remove the bag from her shoulder
not be removed from the library
1. She began urging him towards the front door.
__________
2. Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately.
__________
3. We urge effective action to be taken immediately.
__________
4. He could no longer resist the urge to go and see Amanda. __________
驱赶
催促
主张
抑制冲动
urge
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Make sure you resist the urge __________ (answer) every message you receive. (2011 山东)
2. The Somali robbers’ frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations __________ (call) on all nations to take immediate action. (2009 福建)
3. I’m terribly sorry to interrupt, but may I use your phone It’s rather ________ (urge). (2012 辽宁)
4. He urged that a conference ________________ (hold) by December.
5. I got a note from Moira _______________ (urge) me to get in touch.
to answer
to call
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
urgent
(should) be held
urging
根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。
1. Nowadays people ________________________________ (更关心) the environment where they live. (2013 四川)
2. _____________________ (就我个人而言), riding bicycles is a good solution. (2011 江西书面表达)
3. Parents __________________ (关注) children’s subject selection. (2009 山东)
4. There was no evidence that he _________________________________ (与……有关) any criminal activity.
are more concerned about / for
As far as I’m concerned
are concerned with
was concerned with / in
concerned
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It will contribute to ___________ (create) a good environment to read books in our class. (2015 广东)
2. Speed is a ___________ (contribute) factor in many automobile accidents.
3. Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a ______________ (contribute) is advised to find out the range of the articles in the post. (2011 北京)
4. She continues to contribute ___________ a sports magazine.
creating
contributing
contributor
to
contribute
二、将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 他给那所学校捐了一万元。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2. 他对项目的成功做出了杰出贡献。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
He contributed / donated 10,000 yuan to / toward(s) the school. / He made a contribution / donation of 10,000 yuan to / toward(s) the school.
He made a great contribution to the success of the project. / He contributed a lot to the success of the project.
一、根据句意，选出 average 的最佳释义。
平均的 中等的；适中的 平常的；普遍的
1. Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. (2016 江苏) __________
2. As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. (2016 天津) __________
3. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight. __________



average
二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空。
1. He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects. (2011 天津)
2. Tea is the British national drink. Every man, woman, and child over ten years of age has _________ average over four cups a day. (2015 全国)
3. The library now gets an average _________ five visits a day. (2013 湖南)
above
on
of
谢
谢
观
赏