2023年中考英语语法专项复习七 数词（含答案）

专题七 数 词
知识概要
数词用来表示人或物的数目多少和顺序。所以数词主要有两种：基数词，用于计数，表示人或物的数目多少。如：one, two…而序数词用于表示位置先后或次序，如：first? second…其构成法如下：
一，基数词的构成和读法
1，1-12的构成为独立单词one , two ， three ，four, five, six,seven, eight, nine, ten ,eleven, twelve.
2, 13-19的构成都以后缀-teen结尾，但thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为不规则变化
3, 20-90的构成都以后缀-ty结尾，但twenty，thirty，forty，eighty为不规则变化
4, 21-99的构成是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符- e.g. 25 twenty-five
5, 21～99的两位数字，在10位和个位之间加连字符构成，如89-eighty-nine.?
6,１０１～９９９的三位数字，由hundred 加and 再加二位数或未位数字，如： 101-one hundred and one, 223-two hundred and twenty-three.?四位以上数字，应从个位起向前数三位加逗号，读作thousand,再数三位加第二个逗号，读作million,再数三位加逗号，读作billion，其读法如下：
1001-one thousand and one５３８６-five thousand, three hundred and eighty－six?要注意的是hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法。
注意：①前面有别的基数词时，即若干个百（hundred）、千(thousand)、百万(million)、十亿(billion)时，其本身都不要加s，如：three hundred students。 ② 若表示成百，成千或数百，数千时，前面不能有基数词，但其本身要用复数形式，然后+of+名词复数。常见短语有：hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of
二，序数词的构成
1，序数词多数由“基数词-th”构成，序数词前一般加定冠词the
2，少数序数词构成属特殊情况
one-first two-second three-third five-fifth eight-eighth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth
3,以y结尾的十位整数，先将y改为i，再加-eth e.g. thirty-thirtieth
4,21以上的多位数，要将末位数改为序数词，前面其他位数仍用基数词
e.g. eighty-three—eighty-third nine hundred and sixty-two—nine hundred and sixty-second
5,序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的后两个字母构成
e.g. first—1st second—2nd
注：有时序数词并不指顺序，而是表示“再一，又一”的意思。此时序数词前要加不定冠词
e.g. I want to make a second try.
三、 数词的用法
1, 编号事物的表示
编号的事物常用“名词+基数词”表示，也可用“序数词+名词”表示；如果数字较大，需用“名词+基数词”表示
the ninth unit\Unit 9 Bus No.103\the No.103 bus
World WarⅡ\the second world war Room 305 76 Chang’an Street
2, 年、月、日、时的写法和读法
① 表示日期用序数词，前面加定冠词 e.g. 3月8日 March the eighth
② 年份一般分为两部分读，先读前两位数，再读后两位数 e.g. 1949 nineteen forty-nine
③ 以上时间合在一起的写法
e.g. 1955年10月1日上午10点 10:00 a.m. October 1st, 1955
3,分数的表示法
分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分数要在序数词上加s，但１／２用one half, 1/ 4 用a quarter. １/３ 读作one third而 ２ /３ 读作two thirds。
4, 小数、百分数的表示
小数的小数点读作point，零读作oh或zero,小数点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。如， e.g. 6.4 six point four 12.409 twelve point four oh nine
百分数(%)，读作per cent (percent),但不论是多少均用作单数形式不能加s。如，50%5，次数，倍数的表示 一倍/次，once，两倍/次twice,而三倍/次以上用序数词加times,如：He has three times as many books as I have.
山东省各地市中考真题
1.（2020 滨州）—I like the number"9"best, because I think it stands for "long lasting".
— Me too. So I choose _____________ floor to live on.
A. nine B. ninth C. the nine D. the ninth
2.（2021.滨州）. —China is a great country with a history of about five ______ years.
—Yes. And ______ of foreigners come to visit it every year.
A. thousand; thousand B. thousands; thousands C. thousand; thousands D. thousands; thousand
3. （2022 东营） Dentist: Madam, twenty-five dollars for pulling your son’s tooth, please.
Madam: Twenty-five dollars! But you told me five dollars each patient.
Dentist: Yes. But your son cried so loud. He scared away (吓跑)________ other patients.
A. four B. five C. twenty D. twenty-five
4. （2022 济南）. The couple have two kids. They are happy that they’ll have the ________ one soon.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
答案 1-4 D C C C
仿真模拟题
1.—Which class won the match in the end
--I’m not quite sure .Perhaps _________did.
A.Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three Class
2.There are ________ people in the supermarket. It's so crowded.
A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundred of D．hundreds of
3.The number of the students in our school is about nine ____. ____ of them are boys.
A. hundred; Two thirds B. hundred; Two third
C.hundreds; Two thirds D. hundreds; Two third
4 girls took part in the Happy Girl Competition but only few of them succeeded.
A. Million of B. Many million of C. One million of D. Millions of
5 trees have been planted near here, so the air is very fresh.
A. Two hundreds B. Hundred of C. Hundreds of D. Hundreds
6. Because of Project Hope,_______children have better lives.
A.thousand B.thousands C.thousand of D.thousands of
7.The river is very long and it is about .
A. 20 metres wide B. 15 metres long C. 30 metres high D. 50 metres tall
8.My father will have a holiday next month. He'll take me to Qingdao.
A. ten days B. ten day's C. ten-days D. ten days'
9... Now, everybody, please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________picture.
A. Fifth; five B. Five; fifth C. Fifth; fifth D. Five; five
10.Today is my father’s ________ birthday. I will buy him a belt.
A. fifty B. fifteen C. fiftieth D. fifteenth
1-5: C D A D C 6-10 D A D B C