外研版（2019）必修第三册 Unit4 Amazing art Using language — Developing ideas 词汇精讲课堂(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研
册别单元：必修三 Unit 4 (Using language — Developing ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. neighbourhood neighbour (n 邻居) + -hood (名词后缀：表示“集体”)
词块：in the neighbourhood
2. seal seal1 (海豹)：来自中古英语selk (拉、划) 。比喻用法，由动作代指动物本身。因海豹两条前肢较后腿为短，在陆地上活动时，总是拖着累赘的后肢将身体弯曲爬行，并在地面上留下一行形如沟垄的痕迹。
seal2 (印记)：词源义是“书信上的封蜡标记”，词源同sign
名词动词化
词块：seal cutting
3. calligraphy calli- (beauty 漂亮) + -graph- (to write 写) + -y (名词后缀) → 写的漂亮的字 → 书法
4. demonstrate de- (entirely 完全地) + monstr (to point out, show 指出、显示) + -ate (动词后缀) → 完全指出 → 证明
5. vividly vivid (adj 生动的) + -ly
6. contemporary co- (with 和……一起、共同) + tempor (time 时间) + -ary (形容词后缀) → 同时间的 → 当代的
7. lack 词块：(a) lack of, for lack of, lack (for) nothing
派生词：lacking
8. stimulate stimul (to prick 刺) + -ate (动词后缀) → 刺激
基本义：刺激
词块：stimulate one’s interest, stimulate economy
9. magnificent 近义词：splendid
10. dirt 派生词：dirty
11. sponsor spons (允诺、承诺) + -or (名词后缀)
12. fond 词块：be fond of
13. frequent frequ- (regular 经常的) + -ent (形容词后缀)
形容词动词化：vt［正式用语］常去 / 常到 (某处)
词族：frequent, frequently, frequency, infrequent
14. mostly most + -ly
近义词：mainly
15. shade 词源义：遮盖、树荫
熟词生义：（色彩的）浓淡；深浅；色度
词块：in the shade
frequent
重难点词精讲
搭配义
shade
lack
话题词汇
art
一词多义
demonstrate
一词多义
辨析义
stimulate
一词多义
neighbourhood
搭配义
词族
n
[C] 社区；街坊；（某特定的）地段：
I live in a quiet neighbourhood.
The houses in that neighbourhood are expensive.
［集体名词，用 the neighbourhood，谓语动词用单数］附近地区（的居民）：
All the neighbourhood is aware of it.
I want to live in the neighbourhood of my office.
neighbo(u)rhood
neighbour (n 邻居) + -hood (名词后缀：表示“集体”)
根据 -hood 的含义，说出画线部分的汉语释义。
表示“时期”：
I start telling stories of my childhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.（2011 全国改） __________
表示“状态”：
Because of their wickedness and falsehood, they had to spend the rest of their days blind.（2014 福建） 　 __________
表示“集体” ：
The boy cried so loudly that the whole neighbourhood could hear him. __________
孩童时期
错误
所在地区（的居民）/ 街坊
名词后缀 -hood
后缀 -hood 常加在名词后面（有时也加在形容词后面），构成抽象名词
demonstrate v
vt 证明；论证：
Researchers have demonstrated how effective the fit-for-life model of gym class can be. 2010 上海改
vt 示范；演示；显示：
demonstrate the use of the machine
vt 表达；表现；显露 (display)：
In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down
when talking to an older person.
vi 示威；示威游行：
demonstrate against sb / sth
demonstrate
de- (entirely 完全地) + monstr (to point out, show 指出、显示) + -ate (动词后缀) → 完全指出 → 证明
demonstrate 语义网络图
证明demonstrate
（基本义）
用证据等证明某事
证明；论证
表达；表现；显露
用行动等证明情感、观点等
用示例等证明如何做某事
示范；演示；显示
用行动等证明抗议或支持某事
示威；示威游行
People don’t lack strength; they lack will. — Victor Hugo
人们缺少的不是力量，而是决心。—— 维克多·雨果
lack
维克多·雨果 (Victor Hugo)，法国作家，19世纪前期积极浪漫主义文学的代表作家，被人们称为“法兰西的莎士比亚”。一生写过多部诗歌、小说、剧本、各种散文和文艺评论及政论文章，在法国及世界有着广泛的影响力。其代表作有长篇小说《巴黎圣母院》（Notre-Dame de Paris）、《九三年》（Quatre-Vingt-Treize）和《悲惨世界》（Les Miserables），短篇小说有《“诺曼底”号遇难记》等。
lack
■ n [U] [常用单数] 缺乏；不足 (shortage)：
(a) lack of food / money / sleep / skills
These children have health problems linked to poor diet and a lack of exercise.
for lack of 因缺少：
The leaves turned yellow for lack of light.
重要搭配
重要搭配
■ vt & vi [不用于被动语态] 缺乏；短少；没有：
At first I lacked confidence.
They lacked the money to send him to university.
lack (for) nothing [正式用语] 什么也不缺：
As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.
lacking adj [不用于名词前] 不足的；缺少的
be lacking in sth 缺少某物
形容词后面常接介词in
在英语词汇学习中，具有多种词性的词往往很容易被用错，比如lack。判断下列句子的正误！
她缺乏自信。
1. She is lack of confidence. __________
2. She lacks of confidence. __________
3. She lacks in confidence. __________
4. She suffers from a lack of confidence. __________
5. She is lacking in confidence. __________
6. She lacks confidence. __________
×
×
×
√
√
√
stimulate
词源解读：
stimul (prick 刺) + -ate (动词后缀) → 刺激
stimulate的基本义为 “刺、刺激”。
stimulate
我真的很感激那些能激发我的创造力，让我更深层次思考的人。
stimulate vt
刺激（身体部位等）to make a plant or part of the body become active or stronger：
Light stimulates plant growth.
The drug’s designed to stimulate the body’s own defence system to fight the virus.
激发；激励；使兴奋 to encourage sb by making them excited about and interested in sth：
His interest in reading was stimulated by his parents.
Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think.
The caffeine will stimulate the patient.
刺激；促进 to encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further：
stimulate growth / demand / consumption
The government plans to cut taxes in order to stimulate the economy.
【词汇拓展】
stimulation n [U] 刺激；激励；激发：
physical / visual stimulation
mental / intellectual stimulation
stimulating adj 趣味盎然的；激励人的；让人兴奋的：
a stimulating discussion
a stimulating and rewarding career
the stimulating effects of coffee and tea
18
lampshade
sunshade
window shade
shade n
[C]& [U] 荫；阴凉处：
sit in the shade
In hot, sunny climate, wide-edged hats provide shade from the sun.
[C]（色彩的）浓淡；深浅；色度：
a delicate / pale / rich / soft shade of red
He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains
in many shades of blue. 2020 全国
[C]（绘画的）暗部；阴影部分
shade vs shadow
shade指阳光照不到的地方，如树下或墙边的阴凉处，一般没有具体的轮廓。
Let’s sit in the shade of the tree for a while.
shadow指某物遮住阳光或其他光源后形成的影子，可以引申为“不良的兆头或阴影”，也可指黑暗的地方。
My friend jumped out of the shadows and tapped on my shoulders.
frequent
一栋房子（最好）的装饰便是来访的朋友。
—— 爱默生
frequent
■ adj 频繁的；经常的；常见的 反 infrequent ：
a frequent caller / visitor
Rain is frequent here in spring.
■ vt［正式用语］常去 / 常到（某处）
【词汇拓展】
frequency n [U] & [C] 频繁；发生率；频率：
Traffic accidents have increased in frequency over recent years.
frequently adv 频繁地；经常地 (often) 反 rarely ：
We should take an active part in sports and outdoor activities frequently. 2014 江西书面表达改
同族词：frequent, frequency, frequently, infrequency, infrequent
单词 形容词 动词
bare 赤裸的；光秃秃的
calm 平静的；镇静的
empty 空的
slim 苗条的；纤细的
warm 温暖的；暖和的
yellow 黄色的
英语中有很多形容词可转化为动词，常表示具有该形容词意义的动作。
形容词动词化
说出下列单词的动词释义。
（使）赤裸；露出
使平静；使镇静
倒空；掏空
变苗条；减肥
（使）温暖；变暖和
（使）变黄
话题词汇：艺术
art
Chinese traditional art forms
painter;
impressionism, naturalism, realism; graffiti（涂鸦）, landscape, oil painting, pencil drawing, self-portrait, watercolour, etc.;
abstract, line, outline, style, etc.; display, exhibition, show, etc.
forms
artists
architect; Gothic architecture（哥特式建筑）, Hui-style（徽派建筑）, etc.
actor, actress, director, etc.; preview, release, etc.; action movies, thriller, etc
sculptor; carve; ice sculpture, figure, statue, etc.
composer, conductor, musician, singer, etc.; classical music, pop music, traditional music, etc.
painting
architecture
sculpture
film
music
...
Han Gan, Qi Baishi, Wang Xizhi, Xu Beihong, etc.
Chinese artists
foreign artists
Auguste Rodin（奥古斯特·罗丹）, Claude Monet（克劳德·莫奈）, Leonardo da Vinci（达芬奇）, Vincent van Gogh（梵高）, etc.
calligraphy, Chinese brush painting（水墨画）, embroidery, paper cutting, Peking Opera, porcelain, seal cutting, etc.
本单元金句汇总
1. At first I lacked confidence.
2. His interest in reading was stimulated by his parents.
3. Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think.
随堂检测
neighbourhood
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. He shouted so loudly that _______________________（整条街的人） could hear him.
2. Houses ______________________（附近的） Paris are extremely expensive.
3. The album’s now sold something ________________________（大约）2 million copies.
4. The hotel is situated in ____________________________________（宁静的住宅区）.
the whole neighbourhood
in the neighbourhood of
in the neighbourhood of
a peaceful residential neighbourhood
demonstrate
根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
1. How can you demonstrate to us that your story is true ___________
2. You have to demonstrate how to operate the computer. ___________
3. A lot of people demonstrated in the street yesterday. ___________
4. The fireman demonstrated great courage in saving the child. ___________
证明
演示
游行（示威）
表现
用lack的正确形式或其短语填空。
1. The reason why he didn’t pass the driving test is ____________ practice.
2. He didn’t pass the driving test ____________ practice.
3. —Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
— ___________________ self-confidence is his Achilles’ heel, I am afraid. （2016 江苏）
4. The research ____________ solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.（2012 浙江）
lack
lacking
for lack of
Lack of / A lack of
lacks
阿喀琉斯，是凡人珀琉斯和美貌仙女忒提斯的宝贝儿子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”，在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河，遗憾的是，乖儿被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外，全身留下了惟一一处“死穴”。后来，阿喀琉斯被太阳神一箭射中了脚踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵 (Achilles’ heel)”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，他也有致命的死穴或软肋。
shade
根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
1. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.（2017 全国） ___________
2. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall.（2012 四川改） ___________
3. There is not enough light and shade in your drawing. ___________
4. I bought a new shade for the lamp. ___________
5. Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice.（2020 天津） ___________
阴凉处
浓淡深浅 / 色度
暗部 / 阴影部分
灯罩
一点 / 略微
stimulate
根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The film was intended to stimulate and amuse. ___________
2. By stimulating the economy, we’re going to put people to work. ___________
3. These proteins stimulate the production of blood cells. ___________
4. To stimulate life and let life develop freely is the primary task of educators. ___________
助兴
刺激
促进
激发
frequent
根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He frequents the little restaurant because the dishes there suit his taste. ___________
2. Buses run frequently from the city to the airport. ___________
3. The most frequent cause of death is heart attack. ___________
4. He was the frequent visitor to the royal stables. ___________
经常去
频繁地
常见的
常客
谢
谢
观
赏