新目标英语八年级下中考复习
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新目标英语八年级下Units 1-3
考点整理
一、重点单词
probably interview company ticket fail include imagine fly-flew-flown fall-fell-fallen feel-felt-felt write-wrote-written teach-taught-taught catch-caught-caught buy-bought-bought bring -brought-brought think-thought-thought say-said-said lay-laid-laid pay-paid-paid tell-told-told sell-sold-sold take-took-taken make-made-made fight-fought-fought take-took-taken hear-heard-heard
二重点短语盘点
I．英汉互译
1.在电脑上 _____________ 2.现在起的100年后 ______________3.活到200岁 _____________ 4.空间站 _________________ 5.一次又一次 ________________ 6.厌倦 ________________
7. 去滑冰 8.对某人有用 __________9. the flight to sp.
10.实现 _______11.have a fight with sb ____________12.complain to sb of/about sth _ _____
13.a ticket to a ball game __________ 14.at the doctor’s ______________15.call the police __________ 16.a car accident _________________17.run away ___________18.get out of the shower ________
19.a piece of advice ______ __20. take place 21.能做某事
22. 预测未来 23. 似乎不可能 24. 吃惊地
25. 支付、赔偿 26. lend sb. sth = 27. 向某人要某物
28. buy sb. sth= 29. find / find out /look for 30. except/ but/ besides
31. return sb. sth = 32. return to sp. 33. 和某人打架
34. 给某人建议 35. advise sb. to do sth 36. compare...with/ to sb.
37. by oneself 38. in front of / in the front of 39. follow sb.
40. in silence 41. happen to sb./ happen to do 42. run away
43. 醒来 44. 当然可以 45. 脱下
46. 爱上 47. 独居 48. hundreds of / thousands of / millions of
49. 和某人吵架 50. 对某人生气 51. 对某事感到生气
52. fly to the moon= 53. call sb. up 54. 一方面,另一方面
55. keep out 56. 各种各样 57.在电话里
58. come in / into / to 59. get out (of) 60. hear about / of
II．选用恰当的短语并用其正确的形式填空。
in history, national hero, part-time job, a car accident, sleep late, all over the world,
get ready for, out of style， get on with
1. Your coat is ___________. You should buy a new one.
2. How are you ___________ your classmates?
3. The girl was shopping when she saw ___________.
4. Ya Liwei was regarded as one of our ___________.
5. He ___________ yesterday morning.
6. We’re busy ___________ the final-term exam.
7. Not all events ___________ are as terrible as “9·11”.
8. Numbers of visitors from ___________ come to our hometowm every year.
9. He found ___________ in that shop.
三、重点句型
1. Everything will be free. 2. please give him a ticket to a ball game
3 -What do you think your life will be like next month? - My life will be better than it is now
4. We never know what will happen in the future.
5. -What's wrong? - My clothes are out of style/ in style
6. What should / shall I do ? 7. My cousin is the same age as me.
8. -I think there will be more pollution. – Well, I don't agree. But I think there will be fewer trees.
9. There are already roberts working in factories. 10. You've kidding
11-What were you doing when the UFO arrived? - I was walking down the street.
12.The girl was shopping when the alien got out = The alien got out while the girl was shopping
13. These children may find it hard to think for themselves when they are older
14. They take their children from activity to activity and try to fit as much as possible into their lives.
经典句型再现
IV．补全句子。
1.-- So, Joe, what do you think your life will be ________ ________ ten years?
-- Oh, I think I’ll be an astronaut.
-- An astronaut? Are you ________?
-- No, I’m serious. I’ll fly rockets to the moon. Maybe there will be flights to other planets.
-- Oh, and ________ will you live?
-- I’ll live on a ________ station.
2. – What ________ you ________ when the UFO arrived?
-- Well, I was standing in front of the library.How ________you?
-- I ________ ________ out of the shower.
V．句型转换。
1. What did teenagers do for fun 20 years ago?(改为用twenty years from now做状语的句子)
What _______ _______ _______ for fun twenty years from now?
2. Mary was having dinner when I saw her .(提问)_______ _______ Mary _______ when I saw her?
3. The boy was sleeping when his mother got home yesterday morning .(变否定句)
The boy _______ _______ when his mother got home yesterday morning .
4. Your dream will never be realized unless you try your best. (变同义句)
Your dream will never ________ ________ unless you try your best.
四、热点选析
1. … because I don’t like living alone. …因为我不喜欢独自一人居住。
① alone adj. [只作表语] (客观上)单独的; 孤独的, 独自的; 独一无二的
e.g.他独自一人在家里。
② alone adv. 单独地, 独自地
e.g. He went home alone.= =
注意：① 和 lonely 的区别。
lonely只作形容词用，[可作定语和表语],意思是：（主观上）孤独的，寂寞的；偏僻的
e.g.妻子和两个孩子离他而去后,他很孤独。
The villagers live in a lonely village, but they are good to each other and never feel lonely.
那些村民主在一个偏僻的村子里， 但相处很好，从不感到寂寞。
② 和only的区别。alone用在名词或代词之后,意思是：只有, 唯有, 仅仅；但only 用在名词或代词之前，表示只有, 唯有, 仅仅。
e.g. Smith alone ? Only Smith knew what happened.只有史密斯知道发生了什么事。
2. I will be able to dress more casually.我将能够穿得更随意。
1)be able to do sth 意为： ，相当于
e.g. I am able to write some Chinese.=
注意和 can的区别。
be able to do只表示能力，但有各种时态；can 可表示能力、请求、许可、猜测等，但只有can/could 两种时态。
e.g. I am able to/can speak English now. 我现在会说英语了。
当他四岁时就会游泳了。
对不起，我这么久都没能给你写信。
我爷爷下个月就会开车了。
2)dress ① n. 衣服；服装；外衣；礼服; 连衣裙；女服
e.g. He was in special dress for the ceremony.他穿了身特别的衣服来参加典礼。
② vt. vi. 给…穿衣；穿衣; 装扮：穿上某种样式的衣服：
e.g. He is dressed very well.他穿得很漂亮。 Dress yourself quickly.你快点穿衣服。
③ dress up 穿着打扮；装饰 be dressed in 穿着……衣服
注意dress和 put on, wear, be in 的区别。
① 表动作： put on (后接衣物) ：穿上…… dress (后接人)：给…穿衣
e.g. Tom穿上外套出去了。
这个小孩现在能自己穿衣服了。
②表状态：wear…=be in…= be dressed in…穿着……
e.g. 他今天穿着一件红T恤。
3. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp. 我需要一些钱来支付夏令营的费用。
① pay for 花费，偿付：为商品或服务而支付（钱）：
e.g.我需要一些钱来支付夏令营的费用。
② pay for 偿还, 赔偿
e.g. If you lose the book borrowed from the library, you should pay for it.
如果你弄丢了图书馆的书，你就要赔偿。
③pay…for…付款买……
e.g. 他买这本书花了五英镑。
英语中可以用不同的方式表达“花费”这一意思:
人 + spend + 时间/钱 + on sth
人 + spend + 时间/钱 + (in) doing sth
人 + pay +钱+ for sth
人 + buy + sth+ for钱
物 + cost + 人 +钱
物 + cost + 钱 = 物 + be + worth +钱 （意思是：“……价值……”）
It takes sb some time to do sth.
e.g. 我花三美元买了一个汉堡包。 I paid three dollars for a hamburger.
= =
= =
一个汉堡包值三美圆。
我每天花半个小时读英语。 =
4. What happened while Linda was on the telephone?当Linda打电话时发生了什么事？
① happen v．发生 (主语通常是事情)
e.g. A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday．昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。
② happen to +名词 发生于……身上
e.g. She hoped nothing bad would happen to him．她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。
③ sb. happens to do sth. = do sth. by chance= It happens that ….. 某人碰巧做某事
e.g. I happened to meet him on my way home. 我碰巧在回家的路上遇见了他。
= =
注意：happen 与take place 的区别。
① happen为常用词语, 指“一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”,
e.g.事故发生在昨天。
② take place指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”
e.g. The meeting took place at 8:00 as planned. 按计划会议在八点举行了。
Great changes have taken place in Chongqing, our hometown so far.
到目前为止，重庆，我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
5. That may not seem possible now.
那现在看起来还不可能。
seem为系动词，意为：显得、看起来，有以下用法。
1)后跟名词、形容词、不定式，如：He seems a rich man/ rich/ to be rich man（have lots of money）.
2)后跟表语从句，但主语应为it，如：It seems that we will have a beautiful day。
﹡注意seem to do的否定形式有两种，即：seem not to do和not seem to do，如：He seems not to know anything about it. = He does not seem to know anything about it.
6. No , he doesn’t have any money ,either. 不,他也没有钱.
either的用法:
1)用作连词，常与or 连用(either….or) ，表示：或者…或者… ， 如:
我想去北京或者上海游览一下.
不是你错就是我错.
either …or 连接主语时, 动词要与 后面的主语一致.但也可以用or连接前后两个从句，如: Either you are wrong or I am 。
*not either ….or =neither ….nor
他既不会说英语,也不会说法语。
=
2)用作形容词，放在单数名词前，在肯定句中表示两者之中任一的、任何一方的、无论哪一个、如: Either book will do(=Both of the books will do.)哪一本都可以。
道路两边都有树.
在否定句中，为全部否定，即二者之中任何一方都不(=neither )，如:
He has lived in London and New York, but he doesn’t like either city . (=but he likes neither city ). 他曾经在伦敦和纽约住过,但两个城市他却都不喜欢。
3)用作代词,在肯定句中，意思是：两者之中的任何一方，谓语动词用单数.
Either of the boys is Ann’s brother.那两个男孩中有一个是安的哥哥.
在否定句中，意思是：二者之中的任何一个都不， 如:
I don’t like either of the pictures .= I like neither of the pictures. 我不喜欢这两幅画当中的任何一幅.
注: 三者以上用 any of …* I don’t like any of the pictures. 我不喜欢这些画中的任何一幅.
4)用作副词，只用于否定句，意思是:也不， 如:
If you don’t go, I won’t go，either . = If you don’t go . Neither will I . 如果你不去.我也不去.
7．Everyone else in my class was invited except me , and I don’t know why. I can’t think what I did wrong. 除了我以外我班其他人都受到了邀请. 我不知道为什么.我想不出我做错了什么.
except 作介词时，意思是“除…而外”，后与名词、代词、介词短语、动词不定式、连词等引导的从句连用. 如:
1)I know all the students except the new comer. 除了新来的学生以外,我认识所有的学生。
2) 除他以外.所有的人都在那儿。
3) 除了床下,他搜遍了房间的每一个角落找他的鞋。
4)她除了身体不舒服的时候以外,每天都去图书馆.
5) A.I can do everything except cook. 除了煮饭以外,我什么事都会干.
B．She went nowhere except to stay at home. 她除了呆在家里,什么地方也没有去.
介词except前含有动词do及其各种语法变形时，其后接动词原形，如句A； 如果之前是其他动词,则except后应接带to的动词不定式，如句B。
6)except for … 除…以外， 要不是…
The movie was good except for the ending. 这部影片除了结尾之外都很好.
I would join you except for my headache. 要不是头痛的话,我会和你们在一起.
7)except that … 除去…之外 (后接从句,that有时可省略).
I know nothing about him, except that he is a teacher of English in Bashu Middle School. 除了知道他是巴蜀中学的一名英语教师以外，我对他一无所知.
五、重点练兵
VI．单项选择。
（ ）1. My English teacher said that I _______ do better. A. can B. could C. was D. was can
（ ）2. David’s friends don’t want to _______ any money to him, because he never returns anything he _______ from them.
A. lend, lends B. lend, borrows C. borrow, lends D. borrow, borrows
（ ）3. Jim is standing at the corner. He _______ for the bus.
A. was waiting B. is waiting C. waits D. waited
（ ）4. While Helen _______ the piano, her mother came in.
A. was playing B. is playing C. played D. plays VI．
（ ）5. There is still _______ water in the bottle, you can drink it if you feel thirsty.
A. some B. no C. few D. any
（ ）6. -- Hi, Ma Lan. I didn’t see you at the party. -- Oh, I _______ ready for the English exam.
A. was getting B. am getting C. got D. will get
（ ）7. He _______ very busy this week, he _______ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
（ ）8. –_______ you _______ free tomorrow? – No. I _______ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
（ ）9. Mother ___ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D.give
（ ）10. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -- _______. （不，不要。）
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
VII．根据句意、汉语和英语提示或首字母填空
1.He had thought about everything _______ the weather.
2. The United kingdom i_______ Northern Ireland and Wales.
3. The poet（诗人） _______ （比较；比作）his lover to a rose in his poems（诗歌）
4. It ______ (好象) that he was interested in robots.
5. I had an usual _______ (经历)yesterday. 6. He dresses_________ (随意).
7. While we _______ (wait) for the bus, a girl _______ (run) up to us.
8. I _______ (telephone) a friend when Bob _______ (come) in.
9.I _______ (want) ________ (buy) some food for supper today.
10. There ________ (be) a football game in our school tomorrow.
VIII．口语运用：从方框中的A、B、C、D、E、F、G七项中选出六项完成下面的对话。
A. How old is your grandson?
B. The plane will land.
C. Is this your first flight?
D. We are going to take off.
E. Are you going to stay in Sydney?
F. Can I help you?
G. And do you live in Sydney?
A: Oh, dear, I can’t fix this seat-belt.
B: 1
A: Oh, thank you.
B: It’s very easy, like this… 2
A: Oh, no. I flew from New York to Paris once, but it was a long time ago.
B: I see. 3
A: Yes. I’m going to see my little grandson.
B: Oh, that’s nice.
A: Yes, my daughter lives in Australia and I live in New York, so I don’t see her very often. She married an Australian, you know.
B: That’s nice. 4
A: He’s only four months old. I’m so excited.
B: I’m sure you are. I love children, and I have a daughter myself. She’s two years old.
A: How lovely! 5
B: No, I live in Ireland, but I go to Australia twice a year on business.
A: Oh, dear! What’s that noise?
B: Don’t worry. 6
A: I see.
IX. 根据首字母完成短文填空。
Beauty in nature is seen e 1 . Nature is full of color. Plants, animals, birds, and insects have many b 2 colors. Color is not only for beauty. It means life to them because it helps them h 3 from their enemies(敌人).
Birds, for e 4 , use their color to tell other birds to stay a 5 from their nests(巢).
One kind of butterfly(蝴蝶) is o 6 and black. It has a bad taste to birds. Once a bird eats this kind of butterfly it r 7 the bad taste. After that it will n 8 eat this kind of butterfly! Colour is very i 9 to nature’s animals, birds, and insects. Often it can s 10 their lives!
X. 根据所给词选出恰当的完成短文填空。
car, marry, because, wear, in
Like, little, on, educate, work
I’m sure my life will be much more colorful 1 ten years. Then, I will have a college 2 , and I can begin 3 . I want to be a computer programmer, 4 I like working with computers. It would be an exciting job.
Of course, I will get 5 and have a child. I hope I have a daughter. Girls are much quieter than boys, and they can always 6 beautiful clothes, 7 a princess(公主) from a fairy tale.
Also, I hope to move to Shanghai. It’s a modern city and is 8 polluted than the city I live in now. The best thing is that I will buy a nice 9 and go out often with my family and friends. I want to make a lot of money and spend it 10 vacations abroad. What do you think? Wouldn’t that be a wonderful life?
六、巩固练习
I、单项选择
( )1. I don't have enough money with me, can you ____ the meal this time?
A. pay for B. cost C. take D. spend
( )2. I'm very ____ because I failed in the English exam. A. angry B. crazy C. upset D. pleasant
( )3. My father goes to work every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. besides B. in C. between D. except
( )4. The work seems _____.He can finish it soon. A. difficult B. simple C. boring D. possible
( )5. ________ tourists come to visit the Great Wall every day.
A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of
( )6.He was feeling bad, ___, he went to school as usual. A. So B. However C. And D. Because
( )7. Can you _____ your little brother? I'm busy now. A. wear B. dress C. put on D. in
( )8. -Look . She's skiing so fast! -Hard to _____ her legs were once broken.
A. know B. realize C. imagine D. find
( )9. Would you mind ___ your car? - No. not at all. A.move B.moving C.to move D.to moving
( )10.I must return the book to the library. I _____ it for two days.
A. keep B. borrow C. have kept D. have borrowed
( )11. What will you do when you _____ free time?
A. will have B. are having C. have D. may have
( )12. -What were you doing yesterday evening?
-My sister was drawing pictures ______ I was writing a letter.
A. when B. while C. before D. after.
( )13. I'm upset and don't know ____ A. what to do B. how to do C. what to do it D. to do what
( )14. I think people will _____ 200 years old in the future.
A. live for B. live as C. live to D. live to be
( )15. While I _ T-shirt on the Internet. I found most online clothes are cheaper than those in the mall.
A. bought B. buy C. was buying D. am buying.
II、短文填词
Deserts don't stay the s______ size. Sometimes they grow bigger. Sometimes they get s________ . The world's biggest desert. the Sahara is in Africa. Right now . the Sahara desert is growing f_______ . Why is Sahara growing? In some places, people farm to m______ . In other places, animals eat all the grass or people cut down the tree? This m______ the soil weak. Weak soil lets the desert grow. Why is it a problem? People can't g______ food in the desert. People can't build houses, hospitals or schools in the desert, So people must l_______ their homes. They must live somewhere else. What can people do? They can p_______ trees. They can also farm less. These things make the soil stronger. M______ the Sahara will stop growing. It's a big problem. Many people must work t_______ to solve it.
Units 4---6
考点整理
一、重点单词
带来 勤奋的，努力工作的 幸运地
传达，传递，经过 (事情)使人失望的
（人对事情）感到失望 消息、信息
猜想、认为 回来、返回 出发、动身
房间、屋子 奔跑 错过、未赶上
二、重点短语
一个惊喜的聚会 生某人的气 为了
说三种语言 不再 在星期五的晚上
首先 擅长于 身体健康
克服 年终考试 成绩单
迟到 拿走 上大学
谋生 一直 因…而闻名
受伤 赚钱 焦虑不安 允许进入，允许参加
全世界 做某事有困难 为了提高英语
接受教育 向。。。捐款 为慈善机构募捐
用完 顺便一提 远离 对。。。感兴趣
三、重点句型
1.She said she could speak three languages.
2.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.
3.I’m better at reading than listening. 4.How’s it going?
5. Help sick people in poor countries. 6.If you do, you will be sorry.
7.What will happen if they have the party today?
8. You’ll be able to make a living by doing something you love.
9.I’ve been skating since I was seven years old/since nine o’clock.
10.The skating marathon has been going for five hours now.
11.Students are skating to raise money for charity. 12.I’d like to start a snow globe collectors’ club.
13.Some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.
14.The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China.
15.If she works far away, she will miss her family. 16.They’ll have problems with the language.
四、重点语法
I、宾语从句
直接引语(direct speech)就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；
间接引语(reported speech)就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。
直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。
直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。
定义:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语(即做及物动词或介词的宾语).
宾语从句必须是陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后.引导宾语从句的连接词有:that, if, whether, what, who, whom, whose, where, when, which, why, how等.
从句句式
(直接引语)
连接词
语序
时态
?
?
陈述句
that
不变
主句
从句
一般现在时
保留时态
一般疑问句
if / whether
变为陈述语序
一般过去时
改过去的某时态
特殊疑问句
疑问词
客观事实和真理用一般现在时态
1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法
引导词为: 语序:
She said, "I am very happy to help you."→
She said (that)
She said to me (that)
She said to him (that)
如何变人称:
直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中各人称在间接引语中的转化依据只改人称不改数和格的原则，同时各人称转化可遵循下列口诀：
“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”。
什么叫“一随主”?
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。间接引语中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. “ →She said her brother wanted to go with her.
Mike said, “My father and I take a walk with our dog every day.”
→Mike said
什么叫“二随宾”?
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人称所修饰。间接引语中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
She said , “ I will help you.”
She said
She said to Lucy
She said to Tom
什么叫“第三人称不更新”?
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。“ →Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
Jack said, “My father wants you to visit him.”→Jack said to me .
1." We want you to take a message for her." said the Greens.
The Greens told me that wanted to take a message for .
2."Are you willing to lend us a hand?" she said to him.
She asked him whether was willing to lend a hand.
2. 直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法
引导词为: 语序:
She asked, “Are you Tom?”→She asked if I wasTom.
She asked,“ Can you swim?” → She asked me
She asked, “Do you like swimming?” →She asked Lucy
注意：与or或 or not连用时，不用if，要用whether.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法
引导词为: 语序:
She asked, “What are you doing now?”→She asked me what I was doing then.
She asked,“ Whose book is this?” →She asked me
She asked, “Which do you like better?” →She asked me/Lucy
4. 直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法
间接引语应改为“tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。
She said, “ Don’t talk.” →She asked the children
She said, “Be quiet.” →She asked me
She said, “Put up you hands if you have any questions.
She told us
如何变时态？
如果主句是一般现在时，从句则保留原来的时态。
如果主句是一般过去时，从句则要变为相应的过去时态。
如果从句是客观事实或真理、科学论断、自然现象、地理状况、格言，则永远用一般现在时。
具体变法：
直 接 引 语 间 接 引 语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
一、直接引语中用一般过去时同时带有象in 1900, in the first century, 776B.C., in the Second World War等绝对过去时间的状语时，间接引语中照用一般过去时。
二、直接引语中用一般过去时叙述某人的出生年月日或出生地等含义时，属于表示绝对过去的行为或状态，在间接引语中仍用一般过去时。
三、直接引语和间接引语发生在同一时间范围时，直接引语中各时态在间接引语中均不作变化且相应的时间状语也不改变。
【注意】！
1、直接引语中的 时间状语转换规则：
2、直接引语中的 指示代词转换规则：
3、直接引语中动词 come在间接引语中用go:
4、直接引语中副词 here在间接引语中用there：
5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语 或地点状语一律 不变：
now----------------------------then
yesterday---------------------the day before
today--------------------------that day
tomorrow—------------------the next day
last week/year---------------the week/year before
this week/ year--------------that week/year
next week/year--------------the next week/ year
a week/ year ago------------a week/ year before
1. “What does this word mean?” she asked me. She asked me what word meant.
2. “Can you see that map on the wall?” he asked me.
He asked me if I could see map on the wall.
3. “Do you like these toys?” Jane asked us. Jane asked us if we liked toys.
4. “Bring those balls to me.” said my sister. My sister asked us to bring balls to her.
II、if引导的条件句
条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生。其中if是“如果”的意思。
用法：条件状语从句通常用连词if引导，主句不用be going to表将来，而用will , shall
If引导条件状语从句，主句一般用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：宾语从句中的if表示“是否”，相当于whether.宾语从句的时态须根据语境来确定。
If条件句的句型
If+一般现在时,主语+shall/will+动词原形。例：
假如你来，我会很高兴。
假如明天下雪，我们就不用上课了
假如他现在离开，他会后悔一辈子的。If he leaves now, he will regret it forever.
句子接龙
If I study hard,_________ ____________
If I get good grades,_______________ _
If I go to college,__________________ _
If I get a good job,_________________ _
If I make much money,___________ ____
翻译:
如果你遇见李磊,你会发现他变化很大.
假如明天不下雨,我会去爬山.
当你问过李老师后,你就会知道我是对的.
除非你同意,否则我不会参加这个比赛的.
我一收到你的支票,就会把你的票寄出的.
III、1.现在完成进行时的构成?
现在完成进行时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,这个动作可能刚刚结束,也可能还要继续进行下去;或表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。常与for...,since...,all this morning, these few days 等表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:?
我一上午都在读书。 ?
自从十岁起我就一直收集邮票。?
我很长时间没看电影了。
2.for和since用于现在完成进行时的区别?
●for后面跟一段时间,例如:?I’ve been skating for five hours.?
●since后面可以跟一个时间点,也可以跟一个时间状语从句。例如:?
He has been skating since nine o’clock this morning.?(since加一个时间点)?
He has been skating since he was seven years old.?(since引导时间状语从句)??
五、教材知识梳理
1. I’ve been skating since I was seven years old. 我自从七岁就一直滑冰。
【点拨】 1）since是连词，意为“自从……以来”，用来引导时间状语从句；主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句常用一般过去时。例如：
他自从1990年来到这儿，就在这儿工作。
2）since也可用作介词，后面接表示过去某一时间的词或短语。例如：
She has been playing the guitar since nine o’clock. 她从九点起就一直弹吉他。
2. My mom says I have to stop, because we’ve run out of room to store them.
妈妈说我必须停下来，因为我已用完了屋里所有的空间去储存它们了。
【点拨】 run out of意为“用完、用尽”。例如：
We ran out of all our money this morning. 我们今天上午把所有的钱都花完了。
3. By the way, what’s your hobby? 顺便问一下，你的爱好是什么？
【点拨】 by the way意为“顺便一提；附带说说”。例如：
顺便我有些事告诉你。
4. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我对作家的工作很感兴趣。
【点拨】 be interested in意为“ ”，是一个固定短语，后面接动词时，要用动词-ing形式。例如： The boy is very interested in playing football. 这个男孩对踢足球非常感兴趣。
5. You left your homework at home. 你把作业落在家里了。
【点拨】 表示“把某物忘在某地”，要用“leave + 某物 +地点”。而forget表示“忘记”时，一般指忘记某事，不与地点连用。例如：
我把钥匙忘在了学校。
对不起，我忘了他的名字。
6. What was the girl doing when the UFO took off? 当飞碟起飞时，那个女孩在干什么？
【点拨】 1) 过去进行时由“was / were +动词的现在分词”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有at that moment, at this
time yesterday, at nine o’clock yesterday等以及由when或while引导的过去时间状语从句。例如：
昨天晚上八点我正在做作业。
当你的朋友来看望你时，你在做什么？
2) 句中的take off意为“ ”。take off还有另一个意思是“ ”。例如：
请脱下你的脏衣服。
飞机10分钟前就起飞了。
7. You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.
你应该今天早上在车站见面已归还上衣。
【点拨】 be supposed to意为“理应；应该”，后面跟动词原形，相当于 。例如： Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car. 在汽车里每个人都得带上安全带。
8. If you do, the teacher won’t let you in. 如果你那样做，老师不会让你进去。
【点拨】 如果主句用了一般将来时，那么以if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时来替代一般将来时。if引导的条件状语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后；放在主句之前时，要用逗号与主句隔开。例如：
如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
9. If you become a professional athlete, you’ll be able to make a living
doing something you love.如果你成为一名职业运动员，你就可以做你喜爱做的事来谋生。
make a living (by)意为“以……谋生”，介词by后面可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式，有时by也可省略。例如：
这个年轻的妇女以唱歌谋生。
10. For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 对于像我这样的外国人，我对中国历史了解越多，就越喜欢住在中国。
【点拨】 “the + 比较级，the +比较级”表示“越……，越……”。例如：
The busier he is , the happier he feels. 他越忙，越感到高兴。
巩固练习
I基础知识
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.If it ______( rain) tomorrow ,I’ll stay at home .
2.If it _____( be ) fine , We ___________( go) swimming together .
3.He asked me if I ______( be ) free this Sunday.
4.I don’t know if he ________( come ) tomorrow. If he _________( come) , I’ll call you .
5.We ‘re_________( leave) for France in a week .
6.---How long _____________ your father______________ (work) in the factory?
---Since he ____________ (leave) college
7 How long _________ you __________ (listen) to music last night?
8. Some of the old buildings are in ________(Russia) style.
9. He is always the first one _________(arrive) at school and the last one______ (leave) school.
10. We __________(be) friends for the whole ten years.
11 _____(collect) old coins is my father’s hobby.
句型转换
1. If you don't hurry up, you'll miss the early train.(同义句)_____ _____, ____you'll miss the early train.
2. He plays sports for a living.(同义句) He____ ______ _____by _____ ______.
3. They had a great time in the park. ( 同义句)They ________ __________in the park.
4. Why don’t you take your ID card? (同义句) _______ ________ ________your ID card?
5. They have been talking for three hours.(一般疑问句)______ they _______ ________ for three hours?
6. She’s been painting for two years (对划线部分提问)______ ______ _____she __________painting?
7. He’s been learning Chinese history for three years.(同义句)
He’s been learning Chinese history _____ _____ ______ _______
完成句子
1.如果他们今天举办聚会一半的学生不会来。___they have the party today,_____the class won’t come.
2.如果你成为职业足球运动员，你将永远不会上大学。
If you ________ a __________soccer player, you’ll _______ go to __________.
3.如果你富有了，你将很难知道谁是你真正的朋友。
If you are rich, you’ll have ________ ________ time _________who your real friends are.
4.如果你一曲成名， 人们就会一直关注你， 并到处追随你
If you ______ ______ ______ a song , people will _____ you ______ ______ ______ and ______
5. 谢谢你送给我的邮票。Thank you ______ _______ me the _____.
6.每喝一瓶农夫山泉，我们每人就为慈善事业捐出一分钱。
_____every bottle of NongFu Mineral Water we ______, ______of us _______one fen for _______.
7.我越了解中国文化，就越喜欢住在中国。
_______ ________I know Chinese culture, ________ _______I enjoy living in China.
选择填空
（ ）1.These are your books. Please ________.
A. take them away B. take it away C. take away them D. take away it
（ ）2. If you ______hard, you _______a good grade.
A. won’t work, don’t get B. don’t work, won’t get
C. work, get D. will work, get
（ ）3 .Do you know if _______back next week? If he ________back, please let me know.
A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes
C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come
（ ）4. If we _______free next week, we ________to the farm to visit you.
A. are, will go B. am, will go C. will be, go D. be, go
（ ）5. I’ll __________help people if I am a lawyer.
A. can B. be able to C. could D. able to
（ ）6. Why are you against __________the Lions? A. join B. to join C. joining D. joins
（ ）7.He is interested in _____ English songs.A. to collect B. collect C. collecting D. collected
（ ）8.He has been listening to music for_________.
A. one and a half hour B. one half hour C. one and a half hours D. half one hour
.中考链接：
( )1. There ______ thousands of volunteers serving in Beijing in August 2008. (2008云南昆明)
A. will have B. are going to have C. are D. will be
( )2. I hear that he will be back _______ two weeks’ time. (2008广东省)
A. at B. in C. after D. for
( )3. Qingdao is such a lovely city that I _______it when I first visited it. (2008云南昆明)
A. knew about B. fell in love with C. found D. noticed
( )4. —Can you_____ your little brother? I’m busy now. —OK. I’ll do it right now.
A. wear B. put on C. dress D. in （2008湖北咸宁）
( )5. —Could you help me do some cleaning tomorrow? —If I _____, I will do it. (2008辽宁12市)
A. am free B. will be free C. will have time D. had time
( )6. It was __________ music that I lost myself in it. (2008江苏泰州)
A. such a beautiful B. so beautiful a C. so beautiful D. such beautiful
( )7. If you don’t want to _______ for plastic bags in most supermarkets, you’ll have to bring your own shopping bag. (2008山东临沂)
A. spend B. take C. pay D. cost
( )8. —I haven’t seen Bob for a long time. —I haven’t seen him, ______.(2008四川成都)
A. too B. either C. instead
( )9. My father will ________. (2008内蒙古乌兰察布市)
A. buy a new book me B. buy a new book for me
C. buy a new book to me D. buy a new book at me
( )10. —All the clerks went home _________ Mr.Wang. Why?
—Because he had to finish his work. （2008湖北咸宁）
A. except B. besides C. without D. beside
( )11. This morning I went to school in such a hurry(匆忙) that I _______ my notebook at home.
A. left B. forgot C. lost (2008福建厦门)
( )12. —Were you at home at 9 o’clock last night? —Yes, I _____a shower at that time.(2008吉林省)
A. took B. was taking C. was taken D. am taking
( )13. The plane from Shanghai to Paris will _______ in an hour. (2008上海市)
A. take up B. take away C. take out D. take off
( )14. From what we get, we can _______ a living; what we give, however, makes a life.(2008云南)
A. get B. make C. take D. have
( )15.I’m waiting for my friend. ________ , I’ll go shopping alone.（重庆）
A. If she comes B. If she will come C. If she doesn’t come D. If she didn’t come
( )16. The more you read, ______ you will get.（青岛）
A. the less B. the most C. the more D. much more
( )17. After Wenchun earthquake, ______ people got together on Tian’anmen Square, calling out “Come on, China!” （衡阳）
A. four thousand of B. thousands of C. several thousands
( )18. We have been good friends _____ we joined the same ping-pong team.（陕西）
A. after B. for C.since D. until
19. 我希望去观看2008年北京奥运会，现在我的梦想实现了。
I wish to watch the 2008 Beijing Olympics. My dream has ______ ______ now. （2008甘肃兰州）
Units 7-10
考点整理
一、重点单词
personal special enter= come/ go into present choose- chose- chosen encourage suggest progress neither public especially discover fear population dark environment temperature spring summer autumn winter traffic awake holiday excellent mention smoke winner
二、重点短语
I.翻译下列短语
把电视音量调大 _______________马上，立刻 ________________我不会太久的 ________________
喂狗 ________________制作海报 ________________没问题 ________________
给某人剪一个糟糕的发型 ________________排队等候 ________________插队 ________________
控制你的声音 _______________in public _______________break the rules of etiquette _____________
put out the cigarette ________________drop litter ________________all over China ________________
the winner of the men’s competition ________________ win the prize ________________
encourage sb to do …______________make progress in …_______________游乐园 _______________
the way of improving English ____________乘坐地铁 ____________在船/飞机等上 ______________
采取不同的路线 ________________结束 ________________以 ……结束 ________________
一个说英语的国家 ________________度假 ________________四分之三的人口 ________________
在睡觉 ________________醒着的 ________________醒来 ________________
叫醒某人 ________________一年到头 ________________到中午时 ________________
on/at the weekend ________________ be crowded ________________ look through ________________
come along _____________ cross a busy street ____________ have a hard time doing sth ____________
help sb with sth ________________ at most ________________ an exchange student ________________
prepare for ________________
II．用适当的词填空，注意短语的搭配。
1. I’ll find the address for you ______ away. 2. Tim ______ annoyed with him for coming late again.
3. You must ______ care of your handwriting. 4. Don’t ______ noise, the baby is sleeping.
5. Why not ______ to Hainan for a holiday? 6. In the traffic accident, five persons lost their.
7. Peter ______ to sleep half an hour ago. 8. He is funny. ________ _______ when I see him, I’ll laugh.
9. He is sure _________ come. 10. How are you _________ _________ with your classmates?
11. I always _________ _________my mother when I see the photo.
12.If you don’t know how to use the word, you can _________ _________ your notebook.
13. The food isn’t good enough, but at _________it is cheap.
III. 选用恰当的短语并用其正确的形式填空。
swim across, do one’s homework, not…until,
get along, find out, go through
1. They ______________ the forest at last. 2. Can you ______________the river
3. I ________ go to bed _________ my mother came back.
4. She spends two hours ______________ every day.
5. How’s Sam ______________ at university? 6. I must ______________ who broke the glass.
rather than, instead of , pick up, be encouraged ,
go to sleep, sound like, be polite
7. After taking the sleeping pills, I still couldn’t __________ .
8. He watched TV __________ reading books. 9. We __________ by his encouraging words.
10. The color seems green __________ blue. 11. Her voice doesn’t __________ her twin sister’s at all.
12. Mum __________ the broken pieces of glass. 13. __________ to your teachers.
三、经典句型再现
IV．补全句子。
1. A: May I ______ you? B: I bought this pen here, but it’s not good.
A: ______ the problem?
B: It ______ work. Would you ______ giving me a new one?
A: ______ at all. Here you are. B: Thanks.
2. A: It’s Anna’s birthday next week. Our parents are giving her a watch. ______ should I get for her?
B: Why ______ you get her soccer ball? She likes to play ______.
A: No, that’s not creative ______.
B: Well, ______ ______giving her a photo ______with photos of your family?
A: Yeah, she’ll like that.
3. A: Have you _______ been to Water World? B: No, I’ve _______ been there.
A: _______ have I. Let’s go! B: I’d really love to go, but I don’t have any money.
A: Well, let’s go skating _______.
B: That’s a great _______. Could I _______ your bike? I want to go home to get my skates.
4. A: It always rains on the weekend, _______ it?
B: Yes. It rains every Saturday! Do you think it’ll stop _______ noon?
A: I hope _______.
5. A: I hate waiting for the bus. B: _______ do I .
A: I’m not going to be late for school. B: Neither _______ I.
V．句型转换。
1. Let’s watch the football match on TV, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句)
2. There’s nothing in the box, ________ ________? （同上）
3. Please pass me the pen, ________ ________? （同上）
4. Our school has been open for 70 years. It ________ 70 years ________ our school opened .
5. It’s such an easy song that everyone can sing it. The song is ______ _______that everyone can sing it
6. Wherever he goes , I’ll go with him.________ ________ where he goes , I’ll go with him.
7. Lily doesn’t like this movie. Lucy doesn’t like this movie, either.
________Lily ________ Lucy likes this movie.
8. The meeting began half an hour ago. The meeting ________ ________ on for half an hour .
9. We have had some new picture-books for a week.
A week ________ ________ since we had some new picture-books.
10. He asked the price of the apples. He asked ________ ________ the apples cost.
11. Tom didn’t put his heart into the training（训练）, so he missed the ball.
Tom ________ to catch the ball because he played ________.
12. He doesn’t do any other thing. He is only on Internet. (改为同义句)
He is always on Internet ________ ________ doing other things.
13. I don’t want to go shopping with Charles. I’d rather stay at home. （同上）
I’d rather stay at home ________ ________ going shopping with Charles.
14. The radio is too noisy. Will you please get the sound lower? （同上）
The radio is too noisy. Will you please ________ it ________?
15. How about the sweater? （同上）________ do you ________ ________ the sweater?
16. I have to move away my bike. (改为一般疑问句)________ you ________ to move away your bike?
四、重点语法
(一) Would you mind的用法
1.Would you mind+v.-ing...?意为“你介意……吗?”,用来客气地提出请求。例如:?
Would you mind cleaning your room? 你可以打扫你的房间吗??
2.Would you mind+sb.’s+v.-ing...?意为“你介意某人做……吗?”,用来提出询问,征求对方的意见(在非正式文体中,v.-ing前的所有格可换为宾格)。例如:?
Would you mind my smoking here??我在这里抽烟你介意吗??
Yes,you’d better not.是的,你最好别抽。? No,certainly not.不介意,你当然可以抽。
注意：表示“请求”或“询问”的句型小结：
Would you mind (not) doing sth?请你……好不好?
Could/ Can/ Will/ Would you please (not)do sth?你能……吗?
Would you like to do something?
Please do……请…… .
Could I…, please?
Can/May I…, please?
如：Would you mind finishing homework after class?
Could you please finish homework after class??
(二)现在完成时态?
意义:现在完成时态表示到目前为止已经完成的动作。
与完成时态连用的状语常见的有:already, yet, ever, never, just, before 和for, since引起的时间。
他们已经完成了作业。
我在中国已旅游了许多城市。
她还没有画这幅地图。
他搬到北京已经4年了。
(1)当动作未中断,即当该动作以一个持续、不中断的动词出现时,要用现在完成进行时代替现在完成时。试比较:
I have written six letters since breakfast.早饭以来,我写了六封信。
I have been writing letters.我一直在写信。
I have waited for her many times.我等她许多次了。
I’ve been waiting for you for half an hour.我已等了你半小时了。
(2)现在完成进行时可以和一个时间短语连用,也可以没有时间短语。这样用时,它有别于现在完成时,现在完成时只有增加“for six days” “since June” “never”等时间短语,才能表达这种类型的动作。
现在完成时单独用时,表明一个简单的完成了的动作,而现在完成进行时单独用时,表明一个持续了一段时间的动作,并且仍然在继续或者最近才结束。
What have you done？你干什么了？（指的是一个单一的动作）
可能的回答:I have broken a teapot.我打碎了一把茶壶。
What have you been doing？你一直在做什么？
（指的是做了一段时间并仍然继续进行或刚刚停止的动作）
可能的回答:I have been practicing the piano.我一直在练习弹钢琴。
（三）
①在形容词后直接加-ly。?
careful(小心的,仔细的)→carefully(小心地,仔细地)?
usual(普通的,通常的)→usually(通常地,一般地)?
②以le结尾的变e为-y。? possible(可能的)→possibly(可能地)?
③以辅音字母加e结尾,直接加-ly。? wide(宽广的)→widely(宽广地)?
④以元音字母加e结尾,去e加-ly。? true(真的)→truly (真正地)?
⑤以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-ly。?happy(快乐的)→happily(快乐地)?
五、教材知识梳理
1. We should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in the public if possible. 如果可能的话在公共场所我也应当很小心地咳嗽和打喷嚏。
1）take care 小心、仔细 take care of sth.，当心/ 照料某物
Take care or you will slip on the ice.小心些，不然你会在冰上滑倒的
You must take care of your handwriting.你必须要注意你的书写
2）有关take 的常见短语词组
take up 举起；升起, 脱掉（衣服） 拔掉；去掉; 跟…出去
收回（所说的或所写的事） 拿下 发生；出现
拿走; 夺走; 拆去
2．Would you mind picking it up? 你接不介意把它拣起来？
1）pick up ; ，
拾起玻璃碎片
我们收拾一下卧室吧
Let's pick up the discussion after lunch.我们吃过午饭再继续讨论吧
2）pick out 挑选，选出：
They picked out the best piece of silk.他们挑出最好的一匹丝绸
3. Why don’t you get her a scarf?为什么不给她买一条围巾呢?
1）这是一个否定疑问句, 不表示疑问,而是表示建议, 提议某人去做某事
Eg: Why don’t you go to Hainan for a holiday?为什么你不去海南度假呢?
Why don’t you ask the teacher to help you?为什么你不请你的老师帮助你呢?
Why not do? 是Why don’t you do? 的简略形式, 以上例句可简化为:
Why not go to Hainan for a holiday? Why not ask the teacher to help you?
3)表示建议的句子,除了以上两个外还有:
Will you do…? Would you please do..? How about doing…? What about doing…?
Shall we do…? Would you like to do…? Let’s do…
4. sounds good （P61） 听起来不错
1）Voice, sound 和 noise 都可以表示 “声音”, 但是 “voice” 指的是人的嗓音或说话、唱歌的声音; sound 泛指一切声音; noise 指令人不愉快的噪音. 如:
不要发出噪音, 那个婴儿正在睡觉.
他们高声谈话.
Your voice sounds as if you have a cold. 你的声音听起来好像你患了感冒.
I think the sound of the nature is the most beautiful. 我认为大自然的声音才是最美的.
2）sound 可作为联系动词, “听起来…”, 后面可跟形容词或者like + 名词. 如:
她的声音听起来很甜美.
Her voice doesn’t sound like her twin sister’s at all. 她的声音和她孪生姐姐一点不像.
5. What’s the best gift Joe has ever received? 乔收到的最好的礼物是什么?
1）receive 客观上 “收到, 接到”; accept 主观上 “收下”, 如:
我收到了托尼给我的一份礼物,但是我不愿接受.
2）receive 是短暂动词, 不可与表示时间段的状语连用， 如:
我收到你的信已经五天了.
I have received your letter for five days. ( × )
It’s five days since I received your letter. ( ( )
I received your letter five days ago. (( )
6. fall asleep 入睡
1) asleep, 表语形容词, 睡着的, 可以作表语.
2) sleeping, 形容词, 睡着的, 与睡眠有关的, 可以作定语和表语.
3) sleepy, 形容词, 昏昏欲睡的.
4) sleepless, 失眠的, 无眠的.
5）有关词组: go to sleep, 入睡(表动作); fall asleep, 入睡 (表动作); be asleep 睡着的 (表状态)
如: That music made me sleepy. 那种音乐让我觉得昏昏欲睡.
After taking the sleeping pills, I still couldn’t go to sleep. 吃了安眠药, 我仍然睡不着.
Don’t make noise, the baby is sleeping / asleep. 不要吵, 小孩子在睡觉.
Peter went to sleep half an hour ago.= Peter has been asleep for half an hour. 彼得睡了半小时了.
注意: ① asleep 与sleep, sleepy 的区别：
asleep adj. 只做表语 sleep v. 睡觉
sleepy adj. 想睡的，困的， 可以做表语或定语
e.g. Are you sleepy ? 你困吗？ a sleepy boy 一个想睡觉的孩子
② 睡觉，起床“六步曲”：
去睡觉 入睡 睡着了，在睡觉
醒来 醒着的 起床
7. Instead, making a meal is enough. 相反,准备一餐饭就已经足够了.
1) instead 副词, “代替”, 单独位于句首或句尾。
instead of “代替, 而不是…”, 相当于介词, 用在 词、 词、介词短语或动名词前。
如: He feels like crying but laughs instead. 他本想哭却笑了.
She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习, 而是整天打网球.
天气太热了, 不宜去散步, 让我们去游泳吧.
他看电视而没看书.
汤姆代替托尼去了北京.
8. It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English. 它给北京人建议了一种对英语学习感兴趣的方法.
① suggest “建议”，+n. /pron./ doing/ one’s doing /that (谓语用should+do, should可以省略)。
e.g. What would you suggest?你建议如何？
He suggested taking the children to the zoo.他提议带着孩子去动物园。
My father suggested my getting a job in a bank.
= My father suggested that I (should) get a job in a bank.我爸爸建议我在银行找一份工作。
We suggested that he (should) give up smoking.= We suggested his giving up smoking.
我们建议他放弃吸烟。
② suggestion n.建议，提议 (可数名词)
e.g. He made the suggestion that we go by train.他建议我们坐火车去。
注意: ①suggest 与advise 的区别：
advise v. 劝告, 忠告, 警告, 建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人去做某事
e.g. The doctor advised me to take more exercise.医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。
② suggestion 与advice的区别：
advice n. 忠告, 建议, (不可数名词)
e.g. 他给了我一些忠告。
③ suggest “暗示；显出”e.g. His pale face suggested that he was ill. 他苍白的脸表明他生病了。
9. This kind of contest encourages people in China to speak English. (P66) 这类比赛鼓励了中国人学英语.
① encourage v. 鼓励
encouraging adj. 另人鼓舞的： ~ words, news, signs
encouraged adj. 受鼓舞的 encouragement n. 鼓励，鼓舞
e.g.The teacher’s encouraging word was a great encouragement to him.
老师的鼓励的话语对他来说是个极大的鼓舞。
He was encouraged by the teacher’s words.他被老师的话激励了。
② encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事
e.g. 我父母鼓励我去学弹钢琴。
10. Besides singing English songs, there are many other fun ways to learn English. （P66） 除了唱英文歌,还有很多其他有趣的方法来学英语.
1）besides 除了,包括后面的内容在内。
2）except 除了,不包括后面的内容在内。
3）But 除了, 可接名词、代词和原形动词, 可以和except 互换, 但except 后接adv.、介词短语时不能用but 换。
如: There will be five of us for dinner besides John. 除了约翰, 我们还有5个人去吃晚餐.
No one writes to me except/but you. 除了你,没有人给我写信了.
He did nothing but/except cry. 他什么也没有做,只是哭.
He didn’t say anything but except to cry. 他什么也没有说,只是哭.
I couldn’t do anything but/except sit here. 我什么也不能做,只能坐在这里.
11. …--I’ve never been to a water park. 我从来也没有去过水上公园。-- Me neither. 我也没去过。
1) neither用作形容词，表示“(两者) 都不”，置于单数名词之前。
I didn’t take part in neither event in this sports meeting. 这次运动会这两个项目我都没有参加。
2) neither用作代词，表示“两者都不，双方均不”。例如：
She hates neither of the movies. 两部电影她都讨厌。
—Which one do you like? 你喜欢哪一个？ —Neither. 两个都不喜欢。
此时，none与neither用法较为接近，但none表示“(三者以上)所有的……都不”。例如：
None of them like to drink black tea. 他们没有一人喝红茶。
注意：neither作主语时，通常被视为单数，但从意义上讲也可视为复数。
Neither of shoes is / are new. 两只鞋都是旧的。
3) neither用作副词，作“也不”解释，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子须采用部分倒装。结构为：neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语。
--He can’t dance. 他不会跳舞。 --Neither can I. / Me neither. 我也不会。
注意：要表示“也是”则用：so+助动词/情态动词/be+ 主语：…也… 如：
--We have seen that movie. --So have we.
12. I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well…(P72)
我发现最重要的要求是讲一口流利的英语……
辨析：discover, invent, look for, find, find out
1) discover 指通过脑力或体力进行探索、实验，从而发现原本存在但不为人知的事物。例如：
Newton discovered the law of motion. 牛顿发现了运动定律。
2) invent 指通过艰苦劳动、运用聪明才智而发明新事物。例如：
Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 贝尔1876发明了电话。
3）look for 指寻找，注重过程。例如：
My dog was lost. I have looked for it for days. 我的狗丢了，我找了好多天。
4）find 指找到，注重结果。例如：
At last, I found that my purse was under the sofa. 最后我发现我钱包在沙发下的。
5）find out 指经过调查查出事情的真相等。例如：
I must find out who broke the vase. 我必须查出谁打坏了花瓶。
13. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese…一方面，超过四分之三的人口都是中国人……
1) 作主语时，谓语动词用单数，表示人口多和少用large 和 small .
e.g. a large/small population (∨)
a many/much/few/little population (╳)
e.g. China has a large population . 中国有很多人口。
The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本多。
2) a population of … （ 数目）的人口
e.g. Chin has a population of 1,300,000,000 .= China has 1,300,000,000 population.
= The population of China is 1,300,000,000. 中国有十三亿人口。
3) 提问人口多少要用What 或how large.e.g. What’s the population of London ?
= How large is the population of London?
伦敦的人口是多少？4) population 做主语,谓语为单数,但指人口的一部分时,即前面分数、百分数修饰时,谓语为复数.
e.g. At present, 80% of the Chinese population are farmers.目前，中国人口的80%是农民。
One half of the population in the village like football.这个村子有一半的人喜欢足球。
14. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn, or winter! 因此不管春，夏，秋，冬任何时候，只要你喜欢你就可以去。
1）whenever conj. 无论何时。例如：
He is funny. Whenever I see him, I’ll laugh. 他很有趣。每次见到他，我都要笑。
2）whatever conj. 任何事物。例如： 做你想做的任何事。
3) whichever 无论哪个，例如： 选一个你想要的。
4) wherever 无论哪里，例如：无论他在哪里，我都要跟着他。
5) whoever 无论谁，例如：Whoever says that is to cheat you. 无论谁说那话都是骗你的。
6) no matter…无论……
no matter what/ when/ where/ how/ who/ which/ whether….
no matter what= no matter when= no matter where=
no matter how = no matter who= no matter which=
注意：whenever等或者no matter…（无论……）做连词引导从句时，如主句为将来时态，从句用一般现在时表示, 而且从句为陈述句语序。
e.g. No matter when he comes, I’ll wait for him.= Whenever he comes, I’ll wait for him.
不论他何时来，我都会等他。
15. I feel like part of the group now.我现在感觉像是团体中的一员。
1）feel like表示“感觉是，似乎”。又如：
--- What’s this in my pocket?我口袋里是什么东西？ --- It feels like an apple.摸起来像苹果。
2）feel like表示“想，要，愿意”，后接名词或动名词，在意义上相当于want/would like。如：
我不想喝牛奶。 =
她不想吃东西。 =
16. Be careful to look both ways before you cross the street. 在过街时一定要小心，向两边看看。
1) cross为动词，意为“横过，越过，穿过”，与go across意思相同。又如：
When the traffic lights are green, you can cross(go across) the road. 绿灯亮时，你可以过马路。
2) cross与across都是“穿过，越过”之意，cross是动词，而across是介词，如果作谓语必须与其它动词连用。如：He crossed the road quickly.=He walked across the road quickly.
3) across 和through都是介词，都有“穿过”之意。 across指从一边到另一边的“横过，越过”；through 指从……中间“穿过”。
e.g. They went through the forest at last.他们终于穿过了森林。
Can you swim across the river?你能游过河吗？
17.I’m going to be a bit late.?我将晚点来。?
【巧解句构】 此句是一般将来时,结构为:be going to+动词原形。?
【要点剖析】 a bit 意为“相当、有点”。?
【辨析比较】 a bit与a little?
1) a bit与a little都有“一点”的意思,都可作程度状语。?I am a little (a bit) tired.我有点累。?
2)a little可直接修饰不可数名词作定语,但a bit却不行,它必须在后面加上of才能修饰不可数名词。
There is a little time.还有一点时间。? Can you give me a bit of milk?你能给我一点奶吗??
3)not...a little与not...a bit意义不同。前者表示“很多”,后者表示“一点也不”。?
I’m not a little hot.我感觉很热。? I’m not a bit hot.我一点也不热。?
18.Why don’t you get her a scarf? 你为什么不给她买条围巾呢？?
【巧解句构】 1)这是一个一般现在时态的特殊疑问句,第二人称作主语故借助助动词do。?
2)Why don’t you+动词原形...？=Why not+动词原形...？都是表示建议的句子。?
【要点剖析】 get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb.给某人买某物?
这是动词后跟双宾语的用法,其中sb.(某人)为间接宾语,sth.(某物)为直接宾语。?
【拓展延伸】 能跟双宾语的动词还有buy, give, show, pass, choose等。如:请递给我一些纸。?
?=
刘老师要求我们把家庭作业交给他。?
Mr.Liu ask us to hand him our homework.=Mr.Liu ask us to hand our homework to him.?
我为她买了一辆自行车。?
=
我奶奶总是给我讲故事。?
My grandma always tells me some stories.=My grandma always tells some stories for me.?
我的父母留给我一座大房子。?
My parents leave me a big house.=My parents leave a big house for me.?
典题·热题
( )1 (2010北京模拟)I don’t know ___________ tomorrow.Can you tell me??
A.when we started B.when did we start?C.when we will start D.when will we start?
( )2 (2010重庆模拟)—Would you mind watering the flowers for me??
—_________.I have to go to the post office.?
A.Not at all B.Never mind? C.No,please D.Sorry,I can’t?
( )3 (2010陕西模拟)You’ll do much better ________ you’re more careful with your spelling.
A.if B.before C.although D.unless?
( )4 (2010北京模拟)—Mom,_________ I play computer games??
—Yes,you can.But you have to finish your homework first.?
A.must B.may? C.will D.need?
( )5(2010四川江津模拟)What he said was _________ difficult for us _________ understand.
A.so;that B.very;to C.too;to D.such;that?
( )6 (2010江苏南京模拟)Colours can change our moods and make us_____happy or sad,energetic or sleepy.?A.to feel B.feeling C.fell D.feel
( )7 (2010 浙江杭州模拟)—What are you going to do with your pocket money?
—________ give it to the children from AIDS(艾滋病)？?
A.What about B.What for C.Why don’t D.Why not?
( )8 (2010吉林模拟)Teenagers should _________ to choose their own clothes.?
A.allow B.to allow C.be allowed D.allowed?
9. 完形填空?(2010天津模拟)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Canada is the second largest country in the world.It is over 7000 kilometres from the 1__ coast（海岸）to the east.It 2 six time zones. 3 it is 9:00 a.m.in Vancouver on the west coast,it is 1:30 p.m.in St John’s on the east coast.?
English and French 4 the two main languages in Canada.About 60 percent of 5___ people speak English,and about 25 percent speak French.More 6 70 percent of its population live in cities near the US border（边境）.?
Ottawa is the capital.Every year millions of tourists go there to 7 museums and take part in the cultural（文化的）activities.Toronto is the largest city of the country 8 about 2.5 million people.Montreal is 9 second biggest French?speaking city in the world.?
The maple leaf is the national symbol of Canada.The Canadian flag has a red maple leaf on a red 10 white back ground.?
( )1).A.west B.east C.south D.north
( )2).A.is B.had C.has D.have?
( )3).A.Which B.What C.Where D.When?
( )4).A.are B.is C.will be D.has been?
( )5).A.their B.his C.its D.our
( )6).A.up B.over C.about D.than
( )7).A.see B.visit C.look D.find
( )8).A.with B.for C.from D.at
( )9).A.a B.an C.the D.不填
( )10).A.or B.and C.but D.however
( )10 (2010四川成都模拟)—I haven’t been to the aquarium before.How about you,Tom??
—Me __________. A.too B.either C.neither
( )11 (2010浙江杭州模拟) —Do you enjoy your staying in Hangzhou??
—Yes.I’ve had __________ wonderful time.? A./ B.a C.the D.a
考点整理
一、重点单词
probably interview company ticket fail include imagine fly-flew-flown fall-fell-fallen feel-felt-felt write-wrote-written teach-taught-taught catch-caught-caught buy-bought-bought bring -brought-brought think-thought-thought say-said-said lay-laid-laid pay-paid-paid tell-told-told sell-sold-sold take-took-taken make-made-made fight-fought-fought take-took-taken hear-heard-heard
二重点短语盘点
I．英汉互译
1.在电脑上 _____________ 2.现在起的100年后 ______________3.活到200岁 _____________ 4.空间站 _________________ 5.一次又一次 ________________ 6.厌倦 ________________
7. 去滑冰 8.对某人有用 __________9. the flight to sp.
10.实现 _______11.have a fight with sb ____________12.complain to sb of/about sth _ _____
13.a ticket to a ball game __________ 14.at the doctor’s ______________15.call the police __________ 16.a car accident _________________17.run away ___________18.get out of the shower ________
19.a piece of advice ______ __20. take place 21.能做某事
22. 预测未来 23. 似乎不可能 24. 吃惊地
25. 支付、赔偿 26. lend sb. sth = 27. 向某人要某物
28. buy sb. sth= 29. find / find out /look for 30. except/ but/ besides
31. return sb. sth = 32. return to sp. 33. 和某人打架
34. 给某人建议 35. advise sb. to do sth 36. compare...with/ to sb.
37. by oneself 38. in front of / in the front of 39. follow sb.
40. in silence 41. happen to sb./ happen to do 42. run away
43. 醒来 44. 当然可以 45. 脱下
46. 爱上 47. 独居 48. hundreds of / thousands of / millions of
49. 和某人吵架 50. 对某人生气 51. 对某事感到生气
52. fly to the moon= 53. call sb. up 54. 一方面,另一方面
55. keep out 56. 各种各样 57.在电话里
58. come in / into / to 59. get out (of) 60. hear about / of
II．选用恰当的短语并用其正确的形式填空。
in history, national hero, part-time job, a car accident, sleep late, all over the world,
get ready for, out of style， get on with
1. Your coat is ___________. You should buy a new one.
2. How are you ___________ your classmates?
3. The girl was shopping when she saw ___________.
4. Ya Liwei was regarded as one of our ___________.
5. He ___________ yesterday morning.
6. We’re busy ___________ the final-term exam.
7. Not all events ___________ are as terrible as “9·11”.
8. Numbers of visitors from ___________ come to our hometowm every year.
9. He found ___________ in that shop.
三、重点句型
1. Everything will be free. 2. please give him a ticket to a ball game
3 -What do you think your life will be like next month? - My life will be better than it is now
4. We never know what will happen in the future.
5. -What's wrong? - My clothes are out of style/ in style
6. What should / shall I do ? 7. My cousin is the same age as me.
8. -I think there will be more pollution. – Well, I don't agree. But I think there will be fewer trees.
9. There are already roberts working in factories. 10. You've kidding
11-What were you doing when the UFO arrived? - I was walking down the street.
12.The girl was shopping when the alien got out = The alien got out while the girl was shopping
13. These children may find it hard to think for themselves when they are older
14. They take their children from activity to activity and try to fit as much as possible into their lives.
经典句型再现
IV．补全句子。
1.-- So, Joe, what do you think your life will be ________ ________ ten years?
-- Oh, I think I’ll be an astronaut.
-- An astronaut? Are you ________?
-- No, I’m serious. I’ll fly rockets to the moon. Maybe there will be flights to other planets.
-- Oh, and ________ will you live?
-- I’ll live on a ________ station.
2. – What ________ you ________ when the UFO arrived?
-- Well, I was standing in front of the library.How ________you?
-- I ________ ________ out of the shower.
V．句型转换。
1. What did teenagers do for fun 20 years ago?(改为用twenty years from now做状语的句子)
What _______ _______ _______ for fun twenty years from now?
2. Mary was having dinner when I saw her .(提问)_______ _______ Mary _______ when I saw her?
3. The boy was sleeping when his mother got home yesterday morning .(变否定句)
The boy _______ _______ when his mother got home yesterday morning .
4. Your dream will never be realized unless you try your best. (变同义句)
Your dream will never ________ ________ unless you try your best.
四、热点选析
1. … because I don’t like living alone. …因为我不喜欢独自一人居住。
① alone adj. [只作表语] (客观上)单独的; 孤独的, 独自的; 独一无二的
e.g.他独自一人在家里。
② alone adv. 单独地, 独自地
e.g. He went home alone.= =
注意：① 和 lonely 的区别。
lonely只作形容词用，[可作定语和表语],意思是：（主观上）孤独的，寂寞的；偏僻的
e.g.妻子和两个孩子离他而去后,他很孤独。
The villagers live in a lonely village, but they are good to each other and never feel lonely.
那些村民主在一个偏僻的村子里， 但相处很好，从不感到寂寞。
② 和only的区别。alone用在名词或代词之后,意思是：只有, 唯有, 仅仅；但only 用在名词或代词之前，表示只有, 唯有, 仅仅。
e.g. Smith alone ? Only Smith knew what happened.只有史密斯知道发生了什么事。
2. I will be able to dress more casually.我将能够穿得更随意。
1)be able to do sth 意为： ，相当于
e.g. I am able to write some Chinese.=
注意和 can的区别。
be able to do只表示能力，但有各种时态；can 可表示能力、请求、许可、猜测等，但只有can/could 两种时态。
e.g. I am able to/can speak English now. 我现在会说英语了。
当他四岁时就会游泳了。
对不起，我这么久都没能给你写信。
我爷爷下个月就会开车了。
2)dress ① n. 衣服；服装；外衣；礼服; 连衣裙；女服
e.g. He was in special dress for the ceremony.他穿了身特别的衣服来参加典礼。
② vt. vi. 给…穿衣；穿衣; 装扮：穿上某种样式的衣服：
e.g. He is dressed very well.他穿得很漂亮。 Dress yourself quickly.你快点穿衣服。
③ dress up 穿着打扮；装饰 be dressed in 穿着……衣服
注意dress和 put on, wear, be in 的区别。
① 表动作： put on (后接衣物) ：穿上…… dress (后接人)：给…穿衣
e.g. Tom穿上外套出去了。
这个小孩现在能自己穿衣服了。
②表状态：wear…=be in…= be dressed in…穿着……
e.g. 他今天穿着一件红T恤。
3. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp. 我需要一些钱来支付夏令营的费用。
① pay for 花费，偿付：为商品或服务而支付（钱）：
e.g.我需要一些钱来支付夏令营的费用。
② pay for 偿还, 赔偿
e.g. If you lose the book borrowed from the library, you should pay for it.
如果你弄丢了图书馆的书，你就要赔偿。
③pay…for…付款买……
e.g. 他买这本书花了五英镑。
英语中可以用不同的方式表达“花费”这一意思:
人 + spend + 时间/钱 + on sth
人 + spend + 时间/钱 + (in) doing sth
人 + pay +钱+ for sth
人 + buy + sth+ for钱
物 + cost + 人 +钱
物 + cost + 钱 = 物 + be + worth +钱 （意思是：“……价值……”）
It takes sb some time to do sth.
e.g. 我花三美元买了一个汉堡包。 I paid three dollars for a hamburger.
= =
= =
一个汉堡包值三美圆。
我每天花半个小时读英语。 =
4. What happened while Linda was on the telephone?当Linda打电话时发生了什么事？
① happen v．发生 (主语通常是事情)
e.g. A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday．昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。
② happen to +名词 发生于……身上
e.g. She hoped nothing bad would happen to him．她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。
③ sb. happens to do sth. = do sth. by chance= It happens that ….. 某人碰巧做某事
e.g. I happened to meet him on my way home. 我碰巧在回家的路上遇见了他。
= =
注意：happen 与take place 的区别。
① happen为常用词语, 指“一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”,
e.g.事故发生在昨天。
② take place指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”
e.g. The meeting took place at 8:00 as planned. 按计划会议在八点举行了。
Great changes have taken place in Chongqing, our hometown so far.
到目前为止，重庆，我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
5. That may not seem possible now.
那现在看起来还不可能。
seem为系动词，意为：显得、看起来，有以下用法。
1)后跟名词、形容词、不定式，如：He seems a rich man/ rich/ to be rich man（have lots of money）.
2)后跟表语从句，但主语应为it，如：It seems that we will have a beautiful day。
﹡注意seem to do的否定形式有两种，即：seem not to do和not seem to do，如：He seems not to know anything about it. = He does not seem to know anything about it.
6. No , he doesn’t have any money ,either. 不,他也没有钱.
either的用法:
1)用作连词，常与or 连用(either….or) ，表示：或者…或者… ， 如:
我想去北京或者上海游览一下.
不是你错就是我错.
either …or 连接主语时, 动词要与 后面的主语一致.但也可以用or连接前后两个从句，如: Either you are wrong or I am 。
*not either ….or =neither ….nor
他既不会说英语,也不会说法语。
=
2)用作形容词，放在单数名词前，在肯定句中表示两者之中任一的、任何一方的、无论哪一个、如: Either book will do(=Both of the books will do.)哪一本都可以。
道路两边都有树.
在否定句中，为全部否定，即二者之中任何一方都不(=neither )，如:
He has lived in London and New York, but he doesn’t like either city . (=but he likes neither city ). 他曾经在伦敦和纽约住过,但两个城市他却都不喜欢。
3)用作代词,在肯定句中，意思是：两者之中的任何一方，谓语动词用单数.
Either of the boys is Ann’s brother.那两个男孩中有一个是安的哥哥.
在否定句中，意思是：二者之中的任何一个都不， 如:
I don’t like either of the pictures .= I like neither of the pictures. 我不喜欢这两幅画当中的任何一幅.
注: 三者以上用 any of …* I don’t like any of the pictures. 我不喜欢这些画中的任何一幅.
4)用作副词，只用于否定句，意思是:也不， 如:
If you don’t go, I won’t go，either . = If you don’t go . Neither will I . 如果你不去.我也不去.
7．Everyone else in my class was invited except me , and I don’t know why. I can’t think what I did wrong. 除了我以外我班其他人都受到了邀请. 我不知道为什么.我想不出我做错了什么.
except 作介词时，意思是“除…而外”，后与名词、代词、介词短语、动词不定式、连词等引导的从句连用. 如:
1)I know all the students except the new comer. 除了新来的学生以外,我认识所有的学生。
2) 除他以外.所有的人都在那儿。
3) 除了床下,他搜遍了房间的每一个角落找他的鞋。
4)她除了身体不舒服的时候以外,每天都去图书馆.
5) A.I can do everything except cook. 除了煮饭以外,我什么事都会干.
B．She went nowhere except to stay at home. 她除了呆在家里,什么地方也没有去.
介词except前含有动词do及其各种语法变形时，其后接动词原形，如句A； 如果之前是其他动词,则except后应接带to的动词不定式，如句B。
6)except for … 除…以外， 要不是…
The movie was good except for the ending. 这部影片除了结尾之外都很好.
I would join you except for my headache. 要不是头痛的话,我会和你们在一起.
7)except that … 除去…之外 (后接从句,that有时可省略).
I know nothing about him, except that he is a teacher of English in Bashu Middle School. 除了知道他是巴蜀中学的一名英语教师以外，我对他一无所知.
五、重点练兵
VI．单项选择。
（ ）1. My English teacher said that I _______ do better. A. can B. could C. was D. was can
（ ）2. David’s friends don’t want to _______ any money to him, because he never returns anything he _______ from them.
A. lend, lends B. lend, borrows C. borrow, lends D. borrow, borrows
（ ）3. Jim is standing at the corner. He _______ for the bus.
A. was waiting B. is waiting C. waits D. waited
（ ）4. While Helen _______ the piano, her mother came in.
A. was playing B. is playing C. played D. plays VI．
（ ）5. There is still _______ water in the bottle, you can drink it if you feel thirsty.
A. some B. no C. few D. any
（ ）6. -- Hi, Ma Lan. I didn’t see you at the party. -- Oh, I _______ ready for the English exam.
A. was getting B. am getting C. got D. will get
（ ）7. He _______ very busy this week, he _______ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
（ ）8. –_______ you _______ free tomorrow? – No. I _______ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
（ ）9. Mother ___ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D.give
（ ）10. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -- _______. （不，不要。）
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
VII．根据句意、汉语和英语提示或首字母填空
1.He had thought about everything _______ the weather.
2. The United kingdom i_______ Northern Ireland and Wales.
3. The poet（诗人） _______ （比较；比作）his lover to a rose in his poems（诗歌）
4. It ______ (好象) that he was interested in robots.
5. I had an usual _______ (经历)yesterday. 6. He dresses_________ (随意).
7. While we _______ (wait) for the bus, a girl _______ (run) up to us.
8. I _______ (telephone) a friend when Bob _______ (come) in.
9.I _______ (want) ________ (buy) some food for supper today.
10. There ________ (be) a football game in our school tomorrow.
VIII．口语运用：从方框中的A、B、C、D、E、F、G七项中选出六项完成下面的对话。
A. How old is your grandson?
B. The plane will land.
C. Is this your first flight?
D. We are going to take off.
E. Are you going to stay in Sydney?
F. Can I help you?
G. And do you live in Sydney?
A: Oh, dear, I can’t fix this seat-belt.
B: 1
A: Oh, thank you.
B: It’s very easy, like this… 2
A: Oh, no. I flew from New York to Paris once, but it was a long time ago.
B: I see. 3
A: Yes. I’m going to see my little grandson.
B: Oh, that’s nice.
A: Yes, my daughter lives in Australia and I live in New York, so I don’t see her very often. She married an Australian, you know.
B: That’s nice. 4
A: He’s only four months old. I’m so excited.
B: I’m sure you are. I love children, and I have a daughter myself. She’s two years old.
A: How lovely! 5
B: No, I live in Ireland, but I go to Australia twice a year on business.
A: Oh, dear! What’s that noise?
B: Don’t worry. 6
A: I see.
IX. 根据首字母完成短文填空。
Beauty in nature is seen e 1 . Nature is full of color. Plants, animals, birds, and insects have many b 2 colors. Color is not only for beauty. It means life to them because it helps them h 3 from their enemies(敌人).
Birds, for e 4 , use their color to tell other birds to stay a 5 from their nests(巢).
One kind of butterfly(蝴蝶) is o 6 and black. It has a bad taste to birds. Once a bird eats this kind of butterfly it r 7 the bad taste. After that it will n 8 eat this kind of butterfly! Colour is very i 9 to nature’s animals, birds, and insects. Often it can s 10 their lives!
X. 根据所给词选出恰当的完成短文填空。
car, marry, because, wear, in
Like, little, on, educate, work
I’m sure my life will be much more colorful 1 ten years. Then, I will have a college 2 , and I can begin 3 . I want to be a computer programmer, 4 I like working with computers. It would be an exciting job.
Of course, I will get 5 and have a child. I hope I have a daughter. Girls are much quieter than boys, and they can always 6 beautiful clothes, 7 a princess(公主) from a fairy tale.
Also, I hope to move to Shanghai. It’s a modern city and is 8 polluted than the city I live in now. The best thing is that I will buy a nice 9 and go out often with my family and friends. I want to make a lot of money and spend it 10 vacations abroad. What do you think? Wouldn’t that be a wonderful life?
六、巩固练习
I、单项选择
( )1. I don't have enough money with me, can you ____ the meal this time?
A. pay for B. cost C. take D. spend
( )2. I'm very ____ because I failed in the English exam. A. angry B. crazy C. upset D. pleasant
( )3. My father goes to work every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. besides B. in C. between D. except
( )4. The work seems _____.He can finish it soon. A. difficult B. simple C. boring D. possible
( )5. ________ tourists come to visit the Great Wall every day.
A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of
( )6.He was feeling bad, ___, he went to school as usual. A. So B. However C. And D. Because
( )7. Can you _____ your little brother? I'm busy now. A. wear B. dress C. put on D. in
( )8. -Look . She's skiing so fast! -Hard to _____ her legs were once broken.
A. know B. realize C. imagine D. find
( )9. Would you mind ___ your car? - No. not at all. A.move B.moving C.to move D.to moving
( )10.I must return the book to the library. I _____ it for two days.
A. keep B. borrow C. have kept D. have borrowed
( )11. What will you do when you _____ free time?
A. will have B. are having C. have D. may have
( )12. -What were you doing yesterday evening?
-My sister was drawing pictures ______ I was writing a letter.
A. when B. while C. before D. after.
( )13. I'm upset and don't know ____ A. what to do B. how to do C. what to do it D. to do what
( )14. I think people will _____ 200 years old in the future.
A. live for B. live as C. live to D. live to be
( )15. While I _ T-shirt on the Internet. I found most online clothes are cheaper than those in the mall.
A. bought B. buy C. was buying D. am buying.
II、短文填词
Deserts don't stay the s______ size. Sometimes they grow bigger. Sometimes they get s________ . The world's biggest desert. the Sahara is in Africa. Right now . the Sahara desert is growing f_______ . Why is Sahara growing? In some places, people farm to m______ . In other places, animals eat all the grass or people cut down the tree? This m______ the soil weak. Weak soil lets the desert grow. Why is it a problem? People can't g______ food in the desert. People can't build houses, hospitals or schools in the desert, So people must l_______ their homes. They must live somewhere else. What can people do? They can p_______ trees. They can also farm less. These things make the soil stronger. M______ the Sahara will stop growing. It's a big problem. Many people must work t_______ to solve it.
Units 4---6
考点整理
一、重点单词
带来 勤奋的，努力工作的 幸运地
传达，传递，经过 (事情)使人失望的
（人对事情）感到失望 消息、信息
猜想、认为 回来、返回 出发、动身
房间、屋子 奔跑 错过、未赶上
二、重点短语
一个惊喜的聚会 生某人的气 为了
说三种语言 不再 在星期五的晚上
首先 擅长于 身体健康
克服 年终考试 成绩单
迟到 拿走 上大学
谋生 一直 因…而闻名
受伤 赚钱 焦虑不安 允许进入，允许参加
全世界 做某事有困难 为了提高英语
接受教育 向。。。捐款 为慈善机构募捐
用完 顺便一提 远离 对。。。感兴趣
三、重点句型
1.She said she could speak three languages.
2.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.
3.I’m better at reading than listening. 4.How’s it going?
5. Help sick people in poor countries. 6.If you do, you will be sorry.
7.What will happen if they have the party today?
8. You’ll be able to make a living by doing something you love.
9.I’ve been skating since I was seven years old/since nine o’clock.
10.The skating marathon has been going for five hours now.
11.Students are skating to raise money for charity. 12.I’d like to start a snow globe collectors’ club.
13.Some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.
14.The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China.
15.If she works far away, she will miss her family. 16.They’ll have problems with the language.
四、重点语法
I、宾语从句
直接引语(direct speech)就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；
间接引语(reported speech)就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。
直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。
直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。
定义:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语(即做及物动词或介词的宾语).
宾语从句必须是陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后.引导宾语从句的连接词有:that, if, whether, what, who, whom, whose, where, when, which, why, how等.
从句句式
(直接引语)
连接词
语序
时态
?
?
陈述句
that
不变
主句
从句
一般现在时
保留时态
一般疑问句
if / whether
变为陈述语序
一般过去时
改过去的某时态
特殊疑问句
疑问词
客观事实和真理用一般现在时态
1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法
引导词为: 语序:
She said, "I am very happy to help you."→
She said (that)
She said to me (that)
She said to him (that)
如何变人称:
直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中各人称在间接引语中的转化依据只改人称不改数和格的原则，同时各人称转化可遵循下列口诀：
“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”。
什么叫“一随主”?
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。间接引语中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. “ →She said her brother wanted to go with her.
Mike said, “My father and I take a walk with our dog every day.”
→Mike said
什么叫“二随宾”?
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人称所修饰。间接引语中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
She said , “ I will help you.”
She said
She said to Lucy
She said to Tom
什么叫“第三人称不更新”?
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。“ →Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
Jack said, “My father wants you to visit him.”→Jack said to me .
1." We want you to take a message for her." said the Greens.
The Greens told me that wanted to take a message for .
2."Are you willing to lend us a hand?" she said to him.
She asked him whether was willing to lend a hand.
2. 直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法
引导词为: 语序:
She asked, “Are you Tom?”→She asked if I wasTom.
She asked,“ Can you swim?” → She asked me
She asked, “Do you like swimming?” →She asked Lucy
注意：与or或 or not连用时，不用if，要用whether.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法
引导词为: 语序:
She asked, “What are you doing now?”→She asked me what I was doing then.
She asked,“ Whose book is this?” →She asked me
She asked, “Which do you like better?” →She asked me/Lucy
4. 直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法
间接引语应改为“tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。
She said, “ Don’t talk.” →She asked the children
She said, “Be quiet.” →She asked me
She said, “Put up you hands if you have any questions.
She told us
如何变时态？
如果主句是一般现在时，从句则保留原来的时态。
如果主句是一般过去时，从句则要变为相应的过去时态。
如果从句是客观事实或真理、科学论断、自然现象、地理状况、格言，则永远用一般现在时。
具体变法：
直 接 引 语 间 接 引 语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
一、直接引语中用一般过去时同时带有象in 1900, in the first century, 776B.C., in the Second World War等绝对过去时间的状语时，间接引语中照用一般过去时。
二、直接引语中用一般过去时叙述某人的出生年月日或出生地等含义时，属于表示绝对过去的行为或状态，在间接引语中仍用一般过去时。
三、直接引语和间接引语发生在同一时间范围时，直接引语中各时态在间接引语中均不作变化且相应的时间状语也不改变。
【注意】！
1、直接引语中的 时间状语转换规则：
2、直接引语中的 指示代词转换规则：
3、直接引语中动词 come在间接引语中用go:
4、直接引语中副词 here在间接引语中用there：
5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语 或地点状语一律 不变：
now----------------------------then
yesterday---------------------the day before
today--------------------------that day
tomorrow—------------------the next day
last week/year---------------the week/year before
this week/ year--------------that week/year
next week/year--------------the next week/ year
a week/ year ago------------a week/ year before
1. “What does this word mean?” she asked me. She asked me what word meant.
2. “Can you see that map on the wall?” he asked me.
He asked me if I could see map on the wall.
3. “Do you like these toys?” Jane asked us. Jane asked us if we liked toys.
4. “Bring those balls to me.” said my sister. My sister asked us to bring balls to her.
II、if引导的条件句
条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生。其中if是“如果”的意思。
用法：条件状语从句通常用连词if引导，主句不用be going to表将来，而用will , shall
If引导条件状语从句，主句一般用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：宾语从句中的if表示“是否”，相当于whether.宾语从句的时态须根据语境来确定。
If条件句的句型
If+一般现在时,主语+shall/will+动词原形。例：
假如你来，我会很高兴。
假如明天下雪，我们就不用上课了
假如他现在离开，他会后悔一辈子的。If he leaves now, he will regret it forever.
句子接龙
If I study hard,_________ ____________
If I get good grades,_______________ _
If I go to college,__________________ _
If I get a good job,_________________ _
If I make much money,___________ ____
翻译:
如果你遇见李磊,你会发现他变化很大.
假如明天不下雨,我会去爬山.
当你问过李老师后,你就会知道我是对的.
除非你同意,否则我不会参加这个比赛的.
我一收到你的支票,就会把你的票寄出的.
III、1.现在完成进行时的构成?
现在完成进行时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,这个动作可能刚刚结束,也可能还要继续进行下去;或表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。常与for...,since...,all this morning, these few days 等表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:?
我一上午都在读书。 ?
自从十岁起我就一直收集邮票。?
我很长时间没看电影了。
2.for和since用于现在完成进行时的区别?
●for后面跟一段时间,例如:?I’ve been skating for five hours.?
●since后面可以跟一个时间点,也可以跟一个时间状语从句。例如:?
He has been skating since nine o’clock this morning.?(since加一个时间点)?
He has been skating since he was seven years old.?(since引导时间状语从句)??
五、教材知识梳理
1. I’ve been skating since I was seven years old. 我自从七岁就一直滑冰。
【点拨】 1）since是连词，意为“自从……以来”，用来引导时间状语从句；主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句常用一般过去时。例如：
他自从1990年来到这儿，就在这儿工作。
2）since也可用作介词，后面接表示过去某一时间的词或短语。例如：
She has been playing the guitar since nine o’clock. 她从九点起就一直弹吉他。
2. My mom says I have to stop, because we’ve run out of room to store them.
妈妈说我必须停下来，因为我已用完了屋里所有的空间去储存它们了。
【点拨】 run out of意为“用完、用尽”。例如：
We ran out of all our money this morning. 我们今天上午把所有的钱都花完了。
3. By the way, what’s your hobby? 顺便问一下，你的爱好是什么？
【点拨】 by the way意为“顺便一提；附带说说”。例如：
顺便我有些事告诉你。
4. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我对作家的工作很感兴趣。
【点拨】 be interested in意为“ ”，是一个固定短语，后面接动词时，要用动词-ing形式。例如： The boy is very interested in playing football. 这个男孩对踢足球非常感兴趣。
5. You left your homework at home. 你把作业落在家里了。
【点拨】 表示“把某物忘在某地”，要用“leave + 某物 +地点”。而forget表示“忘记”时，一般指忘记某事，不与地点连用。例如：
我把钥匙忘在了学校。
对不起，我忘了他的名字。
6. What was the girl doing when the UFO took off? 当飞碟起飞时，那个女孩在干什么？
【点拨】 1) 过去进行时由“was / were +动词的现在分词”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有at that moment, at this
time yesterday, at nine o’clock yesterday等以及由when或while引导的过去时间状语从句。例如：
昨天晚上八点我正在做作业。
当你的朋友来看望你时，你在做什么？
2) 句中的take off意为“ ”。take off还有另一个意思是“ ”。例如：
请脱下你的脏衣服。
飞机10分钟前就起飞了。
7. You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.
你应该今天早上在车站见面已归还上衣。
【点拨】 be supposed to意为“理应；应该”，后面跟动词原形，相当于 。例如： Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car. 在汽车里每个人都得带上安全带。
8. If you do, the teacher won’t let you in. 如果你那样做，老师不会让你进去。
【点拨】 如果主句用了一般将来时，那么以if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时来替代一般将来时。if引导的条件状语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后；放在主句之前时，要用逗号与主句隔开。例如：
如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
9. If you become a professional athlete, you’ll be able to make a living
doing something you love.如果你成为一名职业运动员，你就可以做你喜爱做的事来谋生。
make a living (by)意为“以……谋生”，介词by后面可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式，有时by也可省略。例如：
这个年轻的妇女以唱歌谋生。
10. For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 对于像我这样的外国人，我对中国历史了解越多，就越喜欢住在中国。
【点拨】 “the + 比较级，the +比较级”表示“越……，越……”。例如：
The busier he is , the happier he feels. 他越忙，越感到高兴。
巩固练习
I基础知识
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.If it ______( rain) tomorrow ,I’ll stay at home .
2.If it _____( be ) fine , We ___________( go) swimming together .
3.He asked me if I ______( be ) free this Sunday.
4.I don’t know if he ________( come ) tomorrow. If he _________( come) , I’ll call you .
5.We ‘re_________( leave) for France in a week .
6.---How long _____________ your father______________ (work) in the factory?
---Since he ____________ (leave) college
7 How long _________ you __________ (listen) to music last night?
8. Some of the old buildings are in ________(Russia) style.
9. He is always the first one _________(arrive) at school and the last one______ (leave) school.
10. We __________(be) friends for the whole ten years.
11 _____(collect) old coins is my father’s hobby.
句型转换
1. If you don't hurry up, you'll miss the early train.(同义句)_____ _____, ____you'll miss the early train.
2. He plays sports for a living.(同义句) He____ ______ _____by _____ ______.
3. They had a great time in the park. ( 同义句)They ________ __________in the park.
4. Why don’t you take your ID card? (同义句) _______ ________ ________your ID card?
5. They have been talking for three hours.(一般疑问句)______ they _______ ________ for three hours?
6. She’s been painting for two years (对划线部分提问)______ ______ _____she __________painting?
7. He’s been learning Chinese history for three years.(同义句)
He’s been learning Chinese history _____ _____ ______ _______
完成句子
1.如果他们今天举办聚会一半的学生不会来。___they have the party today,_____the class won’t come.
2.如果你成为职业足球运动员，你将永远不会上大学。
If you ________ a __________soccer player, you’ll _______ go to __________.
3.如果你富有了，你将很难知道谁是你真正的朋友。
If you are rich, you’ll have ________ ________ time _________who your real friends are.
4.如果你一曲成名， 人们就会一直关注你， 并到处追随你
If you ______ ______ ______ a song , people will _____ you ______ ______ ______ and ______
5. 谢谢你送给我的邮票。Thank you ______ _______ me the _____.
6.每喝一瓶农夫山泉，我们每人就为慈善事业捐出一分钱。
_____every bottle of NongFu Mineral Water we ______, ______of us _______one fen for _______.
7.我越了解中国文化，就越喜欢住在中国。
_______ ________I know Chinese culture, ________ _______I enjoy living in China.
选择填空
（ ）1.These are your books. Please ________.
A. take them away B. take it away C. take away them D. take away it
（ ）2. If you ______hard, you _______a good grade.
A. won’t work, don’t get B. don’t work, won’t get
C. work, get D. will work, get
（ ）3 .Do you know if _______back next week? If he ________back, please let me know.
A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes
C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come
（ ）4. If we _______free next week, we ________to the farm to visit you.
A. are, will go B. am, will go C. will be, go D. be, go
（ ）5. I’ll __________help people if I am a lawyer.
A. can B. be able to C. could D. able to
（ ）6. Why are you against __________the Lions? A. join B. to join C. joining D. joins
（ ）7.He is interested in _____ English songs.A. to collect B. collect C. collecting D. collected
（ ）8.He has been listening to music for_________.
A. one and a half hour B. one half hour C. one and a half hours D. half one hour
.中考链接：
( )1. There ______ thousands of volunteers serving in Beijing in August 2008. (2008云南昆明)
A. will have B. are going to have C. are D. will be
( )2. I hear that he will be back _______ two weeks’ time. (2008广东省)
A. at B. in C. after D. for
( )3. Qingdao is such a lovely city that I _______it when I first visited it. (2008云南昆明)
A. knew about B. fell in love with C. found D. noticed
( )4. —Can you_____ your little brother? I’m busy now. —OK. I’ll do it right now.
A. wear B. put on C. dress D. in （2008湖北咸宁）
( )5. —Could you help me do some cleaning tomorrow? —If I _____, I will do it. (2008辽宁12市)
A. am free B. will be free C. will have time D. had time
( )6. It was __________ music that I lost myself in it. (2008江苏泰州)
A. such a beautiful B. so beautiful a C. so beautiful D. such beautiful
( )7. If you don’t want to _______ for plastic bags in most supermarkets, you’ll have to bring your own shopping bag. (2008山东临沂)
A. spend B. take C. pay D. cost
( )8. —I haven’t seen Bob for a long time. —I haven’t seen him, ______.(2008四川成都)
A. too B. either C. instead
( )9. My father will ________. (2008内蒙古乌兰察布市)
A. buy a new book me B. buy a new book for me
C. buy a new book to me D. buy a new book at me
( )10. —All the clerks went home _________ Mr.Wang. Why?
—Because he had to finish his work. （2008湖北咸宁）
A. except B. besides C. without D. beside
( )11. This morning I went to school in such a hurry(匆忙) that I _______ my notebook at home.
A. left B. forgot C. lost (2008福建厦门)
( )12. —Were you at home at 9 o’clock last night? —Yes, I _____a shower at that time.(2008吉林省)
A. took B. was taking C. was taken D. am taking
( )13. The plane from Shanghai to Paris will _______ in an hour. (2008上海市)
A. take up B. take away C. take out D. take off
( )14. From what we get, we can _______ a living; what we give, however, makes a life.(2008云南)
A. get B. make C. take D. have
( )15.I’m waiting for my friend. ________ , I’ll go shopping alone.（重庆）
A. If she comes B. If she will come C. If she doesn’t come D. If she didn’t come
( )16. The more you read, ______ you will get.（青岛）
A. the less B. the most C. the more D. much more
( )17. After Wenchun earthquake, ______ people got together on Tian’anmen Square, calling out “Come on, China!” （衡阳）
A. four thousand of B. thousands of C. several thousands
( )18. We have been good friends _____ we joined the same ping-pong team.（陕西）
A. after B. for C.since D. until
19. 我希望去观看2008年北京奥运会，现在我的梦想实现了。
I wish to watch the 2008 Beijing Olympics. My dream has ______ ______ now. （2008甘肃兰州）
Units 7-10
考点整理
一、重点单词
personal special enter= come/ go into present choose- chose- chosen encourage suggest progress neither public especially discover fear population dark environment temperature spring summer autumn winter traffic awake holiday excellent mention smoke winner
二、重点短语
I.翻译下列短语
把电视音量调大 _______________马上，立刻 ________________我不会太久的 ________________
喂狗 ________________制作海报 ________________没问题 ________________
给某人剪一个糟糕的发型 ________________排队等候 ________________插队 ________________
控制你的声音 _______________in public _______________break the rules of etiquette _____________
put out the cigarette ________________drop litter ________________all over China ________________
the winner of the men’s competition ________________ win the prize ________________
encourage sb to do …______________make progress in …_______________游乐园 _______________
the way of improving English ____________乘坐地铁 ____________在船/飞机等上 ______________
采取不同的路线 ________________结束 ________________以 ……结束 ________________
一个说英语的国家 ________________度假 ________________四分之三的人口 ________________
在睡觉 ________________醒着的 ________________醒来 ________________
叫醒某人 ________________一年到头 ________________到中午时 ________________
on/at the weekend ________________ be crowded ________________ look through ________________
come along _____________ cross a busy street ____________ have a hard time doing sth ____________
help sb with sth ________________ at most ________________ an exchange student ________________
prepare for ________________
II．用适当的词填空，注意短语的搭配。
1. I’ll find the address for you ______ away. 2. Tim ______ annoyed with him for coming late again.
3. You must ______ care of your handwriting. 4. Don’t ______ noise, the baby is sleeping.
5. Why not ______ to Hainan for a holiday? 6. In the traffic accident, five persons lost their.
7. Peter ______ to sleep half an hour ago. 8. He is funny. ________ _______ when I see him, I’ll laugh.
9. He is sure _________ come. 10. How are you _________ _________ with your classmates?
11. I always _________ _________my mother when I see the photo.
12.If you don’t know how to use the word, you can _________ _________ your notebook.
13. The food isn’t good enough, but at _________it is cheap.
III. 选用恰当的短语并用其正确的形式填空。
swim across, do one’s homework, not…until,
get along, find out, go through
1. They ______________ the forest at last. 2. Can you ______________the river
3. I ________ go to bed _________ my mother came back.
4. She spends two hours ______________ every day.
5. How’s Sam ______________ at university? 6. I must ______________ who broke the glass.
rather than, instead of , pick up, be encouraged ,
go to sleep, sound like, be polite
7. After taking the sleeping pills, I still couldn’t __________ .
8. He watched TV __________ reading books. 9. We __________ by his encouraging words.
10. The color seems green __________ blue. 11. Her voice doesn’t __________ her twin sister’s at all.
12. Mum __________ the broken pieces of glass. 13. __________ to your teachers.
三、经典句型再现
IV．补全句子。
1. A: May I ______ you? B: I bought this pen here, but it’s not good.
A: ______ the problem?
B: It ______ work. Would you ______ giving me a new one?
A: ______ at all. Here you are. B: Thanks.
2. A: It’s Anna’s birthday next week. Our parents are giving her a watch. ______ should I get for her?
B: Why ______ you get her soccer ball? She likes to play ______.
A: No, that’s not creative ______.
B: Well, ______ ______giving her a photo ______with photos of your family?
A: Yeah, she’ll like that.
3. A: Have you _______ been to Water World? B: No, I’ve _______ been there.
A: _______ have I. Let’s go! B: I’d really love to go, but I don’t have any money.
A: Well, let’s go skating _______.
B: That’s a great _______. Could I _______ your bike? I want to go home to get my skates.
4. A: It always rains on the weekend, _______ it?
B: Yes. It rains every Saturday! Do you think it’ll stop _______ noon?
A: I hope _______.
5. A: I hate waiting for the bus. B: _______ do I .
A: I’m not going to be late for school. B: Neither _______ I.
V．句型转换。
1. Let’s watch the football match on TV, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句)
2. There’s nothing in the box, ________ ________? （同上）
3. Please pass me the pen, ________ ________? （同上）
4. Our school has been open for 70 years. It ________ 70 years ________ our school opened .
5. It’s such an easy song that everyone can sing it. The song is ______ _______that everyone can sing it
6. Wherever he goes , I’ll go with him.________ ________ where he goes , I’ll go with him.
7. Lily doesn’t like this movie. Lucy doesn’t like this movie, either.
________Lily ________ Lucy likes this movie.
8. The meeting began half an hour ago. The meeting ________ ________ on for half an hour .
9. We have had some new picture-books for a week.
A week ________ ________ since we had some new picture-books.
10. He asked the price of the apples. He asked ________ ________ the apples cost.
11. Tom didn’t put his heart into the training（训练）, so he missed the ball.
Tom ________ to catch the ball because he played ________.
12. He doesn’t do any other thing. He is only on Internet. (改为同义句)
He is always on Internet ________ ________ doing other things.
13. I don’t want to go shopping with Charles. I’d rather stay at home. （同上）
I’d rather stay at home ________ ________ going shopping with Charles.
14. The radio is too noisy. Will you please get the sound lower? （同上）
The radio is too noisy. Will you please ________ it ________?
15. How about the sweater? （同上）________ do you ________ ________ the sweater?
16. I have to move away my bike. (改为一般疑问句)________ you ________ to move away your bike?
四、重点语法
(一) Would you mind的用法
1.Would you mind+v.-ing...?意为“你介意……吗?”,用来客气地提出请求。例如:?
Would you mind cleaning your room? 你可以打扫你的房间吗??
2.Would you mind+sb.’s+v.-ing...?意为“你介意某人做……吗?”,用来提出询问,征求对方的意见(在非正式文体中,v.-ing前的所有格可换为宾格)。例如:?
Would you mind my smoking here??我在这里抽烟你介意吗??
Yes,you’d better not.是的,你最好别抽。? No,certainly not.不介意,你当然可以抽。
注意：表示“请求”或“询问”的句型小结：
Would you mind (not) doing sth?请你……好不好?
Could/ Can/ Will/ Would you please (not)do sth?你能……吗?
Would you like to do something?
Please do……请…… .
Could I…, please?
Can/May I…, please?
如：Would you mind finishing homework after class?
Could you please finish homework after class??
(二)现在完成时态?
意义:现在完成时态表示到目前为止已经完成的动作。
与完成时态连用的状语常见的有:already, yet, ever, never, just, before 和for, since引起的时间。
他们已经完成了作业。
我在中国已旅游了许多城市。
她还没有画这幅地图。
他搬到北京已经4年了。
(1)当动作未中断,即当该动作以一个持续、不中断的动词出现时,要用现在完成进行时代替现在完成时。试比较:
I have written six letters since breakfast.早饭以来,我写了六封信。
I have been writing letters.我一直在写信。
I have waited for her many times.我等她许多次了。
I’ve been waiting for you for half an hour.我已等了你半小时了。
(2)现在完成进行时可以和一个时间短语连用,也可以没有时间短语。这样用时,它有别于现在完成时,现在完成时只有增加“for six days” “since June” “never”等时间短语,才能表达这种类型的动作。
现在完成时单独用时,表明一个简单的完成了的动作,而现在完成进行时单独用时,表明一个持续了一段时间的动作,并且仍然在继续或者最近才结束。
What have you done？你干什么了？（指的是一个单一的动作）
可能的回答:I have broken a teapot.我打碎了一把茶壶。
What have you been doing？你一直在做什么？
（指的是做了一段时间并仍然继续进行或刚刚停止的动作）
可能的回答:I have been practicing the piano.我一直在练习弹钢琴。
（三）
①在形容词后直接加-ly。?
careful(小心的,仔细的)→carefully(小心地,仔细地)?
usual(普通的,通常的)→usually(通常地,一般地)?
②以le结尾的变e为-y。? possible(可能的)→possibly(可能地)?
③以辅音字母加e结尾,直接加-ly。? wide(宽广的)→widely(宽广地)?
④以元音字母加e结尾,去e加-ly。? true(真的)→truly (真正地)?
⑤以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-ly。?happy(快乐的)→happily(快乐地)?
五、教材知识梳理
1. We should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in the public if possible. 如果可能的话在公共场所我也应当很小心地咳嗽和打喷嚏。
1）take care 小心、仔细 take care of sth.，当心/ 照料某物
Take care or you will slip on the ice.小心些，不然你会在冰上滑倒的
You must take care of your handwriting.你必须要注意你的书写
2）有关take 的常见短语词组
take up 举起；升起, 脱掉（衣服） 拔掉；去掉; 跟…出去
收回（所说的或所写的事） 拿下 发生；出现
拿走; 夺走; 拆去
2．Would you mind picking it up? 你接不介意把它拣起来？
1）pick up ; ，
拾起玻璃碎片
我们收拾一下卧室吧
Let's pick up the discussion after lunch.我们吃过午饭再继续讨论吧
2）pick out 挑选，选出：
They picked out the best piece of silk.他们挑出最好的一匹丝绸
3. Why don’t you get her a scarf?为什么不给她买一条围巾呢?
1）这是一个否定疑问句, 不表示疑问,而是表示建议, 提议某人去做某事
Eg: Why don’t you go to Hainan for a holiday?为什么你不去海南度假呢?
Why don’t you ask the teacher to help you?为什么你不请你的老师帮助你呢?
Why not do? 是Why don’t you do? 的简略形式, 以上例句可简化为:
Why not go to Hainan for a holiday? Why not ask the teacher to help you?
3)表示建议的句子,除了以上两个外还有:
Will you do…? Would you please do..? How about doing…? What about doing…?
Shall we do…? Would you like to do…? Let’s do…
4. sounds good （P61） 听起来不错
1）Voice, sound 和 noise 都可以表示 “声音”, 但是 “voice” 指的是人的嗓音或说话、唱歌的声音; sound 泛指一切声音; noise 指令人不愉快的噪音. 如:
不要发出噪音, 那个婴儿正在睡觉.
他们高声谈话.
Your voice sounds as if you have a cold. 你的声音听起来好像你患了感冒.
I think the sound of the nature is the most beautiful. 我认为大自然的声音才是最美的.
2）sound 可作为联系动词, “听起来…”, 后面可跟形容词或者like + 名词. 如:
她的声音听起来很甜美.
Her voice doesn’t sound like her twin sister’s at all. 她的声音和她孪生姐姐一点不像.
5. What’s the best gift Joe has ever received? 乔收到的最好的礼物是什么?
1）receive 客观上 “收到, 接到”; accept 主观上 “收下”, 如:
我收到了托尼给我的一份礼物,但是我不愿接受.
2）receive 是短暂动词, 不可与表示时间段的状语连用， 如:
我收到你的信已经五天了.
I have received your letter for five days. ( × )
It’s five days since I received your letter. ( ( )
I received your letter five days ago. (( )
6. fall asleep 入睡
1) asleep, 表语形容词, 睡着的, 可以作表语.
2) sleeping, 形容词, 睡着的, 与睡眠有关的, 可以作定语和表语.
3) sleepy, 形容词, 昏昏欲睡的.
4) sleepless, 失眠的, 无眠的.
5）有关词组: go to sleep, 入睡(表动作); fall asleep, 入睡 (表动作); be asleep 睡着的 (表状态)
如: That music made me sleepy. 那种音乐让我觉得昏昏欲睡.
After taking the sleeping pills, I still couldn’t go to sleep. 吃了安眠药, 我仍然睡不着.
Don’t make noise, the baby is sleeping / asleep. 不要吵, 小孩子在睡觉.
Peter went to sleep half an hour ago.= Peter has been asleep for half an hour. 彼得睡了半小时了.
注意: ① asleep 与sleep, sleepy 的区别：
asleep adj. 只做表语 sleep v. 睡觉
sleepy adj. 想睡的，困的， 可以做表语或定语
e.g. Are you sleepy ? 你困吗？ a sleepy boy 一个想睡觉的孩子
② 睡觉，起床“六步曲”：
去睡觉 入睡 睡着了，在睡觉
醒来 醒着的 起床
7. Instead, making a meal is enough. 相反,准备一餐饭就已经足够了.
1) instead 副词, “代替”, 单独位于句首或句尾。
instead of “代替, 而不是…”, 相当于介词, 用在 词、 词、介词短语或动名词前。
如: He feels like crying but laughs instead. 他本想哭却笑了.
She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习, 而是整天打网球.
天气太热了, 不宜去散步, 让我们去游泳吧.
他看电视而没看书.
汤姆代替托尼去了北京.
8. It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English. 它给北京人建议了一种对英语学习感兴趣的方法.
① suggest “建议”，+n. /pron./ doing/ one’s doing /that (谓语用should+do, should可以省略)。
e.g. What would you suggest?你建议如何？
He suggested taking the children to the zoo.他提议带着孩子去动物园。
My father suggested my getting a job in a bank.
= My father suggested that I (should) get a job in a bank.我爸爸建议我在银行找一份工作。
We suggested that he (should) give up smoking.= We suggested his giving up smoking.
我们建议他放弃吸烟。
② suggestion n.建议，提议 (可数名词)
e.g. He made the suggestion that we go by train.他建议我们坐火车去。
注意: ①suggest 与advise 的区别：
advise v. 劝告, 忠告, 警告, 建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人去做某事
e.g. The doctor advised me to take more exercise.医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。
② suggestion 与advice的区别：
advice n. 忠告, 建议, (不可数名词)
e.g. 他给了我一些忠告。
③ suggest “暗示；显出”e.g. His pale face suggested that he was ill. 他苍白的脸表明他生病了。
9. This kind of contest encourages people in China to speak English. (P66) 这类比赛鼓励了中国人学英语.
① encourage v. 鼓励
encouraging adj. 另人鼓舞的： ~ words, news, signs
encouraged adj. 受鼓舞的 encouragement n. 鼓励，鼓舞
e.g.The teacher’s encouraging word was a great encouragement to him.
老师的鼓励的话语对他来说是个极大的鼓舞。
He was encouraged by the teacher’s words.他被老师的话激励了。
② encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事
e.g. 我父母鼓励我去学弹钢琴。
10. Besides singing English songs, there are many other fun ways to learn English. （P66） 除了唱英文歌,还有很多其他有趣的方法来学英语.
1）besides 除了,包括后面的内容在内。
2）except 除了,不包括后面的内容在内。
3）But 除了, 可接名词、代词和原形动词, 可以和except 互换, 但except 后接adv.、介词短语时不能用but 换。
如: There will be five of us for dinner besides John. 除了约翰, 我们还有5个人去吃晚餐.
No one writes to me except/but you. 除了你,没有人给我写信了.
He did nothing but/except cry. 他什么也没有做,只是哭.
He didn’t say anything but except to cry. 他什么也没有说,只是哭.
I couldn’t do anything but/except sit here. 我什么也不能做,只能坐在这里.
11. …--I’ve never been to a water park. 我从来也没有去过水上公园。-- Me neither. 我也没去过。
1) neither用作形容词，表示“(两者) 都不”，置于单数名词之前。
I didn’t take part in neither event in this sports meeting. 这次运动会这两个项目我都没有参加。
2) neither用作代词，表示“两者都不，双方均不”。例如：
She hates neither of the movies. 两部电影她都讨厌。
—Which one do you like? 你喜欢哪一个？ —Neither. 两个都不喜欢。
此时，none与neither用法较为接近，但none表示“(三者以上)所有的……都不”。例如：
None of them like to drink black tea. 他们没有一人喝红茶。
注意：neither作主语时，通常被视为单数，但从意义上讲也可视为复数。
Neither of shoes is / are new. 两只鞋都是旧的。
3) neither用作副词，作“也不”解释，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子须采用部分倒装。结构为：neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语。
--He can’t dance. 他不会跳舞。 --Neither can I. / Me neither. 我也不会。
注意：要表示“也是”则用：so+助动词/情态动词/be+ 主语：…也… 如：
--We have seen that movie. --So have we.
12. I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well…(P72)
我发现最重要的要求是讲一口流利的英语……
辨析：discover, invent, look for, find, find out
1) discover 指通过脑力或体力进行探索、实验，从而发现原本存在但不为人知的事物。例如：
Newton discovered the law of motion. 牛顿发现了运动定律。
2) invent 指通过艰苦劳动、运用聪明才智而发明新事物。例如：
Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 贝尔1876发明了电话。
3）look for 指寻找，注重过程。例如：
My dog was lost. I have looked for it for days. 我的狗丢了，我找了好多天。
4）find 指找到，注重结果。例如：
At last, I found that my purse was under the sofa. 最后我发现我钱包在沙发下的。
5）find out 指经过调查查出事情的真相等。例如：
I must find out who broke the vase. 我必须查出谁打坏了花瓶。
13. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese…一方面，超过四分之三的人口都是中国人……
1) 作主语时，谓语动词用单数，表示人口多和少用large 和 small .
e.g. a large/small population (∨)
a many/much/few/little population (╳)
e.g. China has a large population . 中国有很多人口。
The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本多。
2) a population of … （ 数目）的人口
e.g. Chin has a population of 1,300,000,000 .= China has 1,300,000,000 population.
= The population of China is 1,300,000,000. 中国有十三亿人口。
3) 提问人口多少要用What 或how large.e.g. What’s the population of London ?
= How large is the population of London?
伦敦的人口是多少？4) population 做主语,谓语为单数,但指人口的一部分时,即前面分数、百分数修饰时,谓语为复数.
e.g. At present, 80% of the Chinese population are farmers.目前，中国人口的80%是农民。
One half of the population in the village like football.这个村子有一半的人喜欢足球。
14. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn, or winter! 因此不管春，夏，秋，冬任何时候，只要你喜欢你就可以去。
1）whenever conj. 无论何时。例如：
He is funny. Whenever I see him, I’ll laugh. 他很有趣。每次见到他，我都要笑。
2）whatever conj. 任何事物。例如： 做你想做的任何事。
3) whichever 无论哪个，例如： 选一个你想要的。
4) wherever 无论哪里，例如：无论他在哪里，我都要跟着他。
5) whoever 无论谁，例如：Whoever says that is to cheat you. 无论谁说那话都是骗你的。
6) no matter…无论……
no matter what/ when/ where/ how/ who/ which/ whether….
no matter what= no matter when= no matter where=
no matter how = no matter who= no matter which=
注意：whenever等或者no matter…（无论……）做连词引导从句时，如主句为将来时态，从句用一般现在时表示, 而且从句为陈述句语序。
e.g. No matter when he comes, I’ll wait for him.= Whenever he comes, I’ll wait for him.
不论他何时来，我都会等他。
15. I feel like part of the group now.我现在感觉像是团体中的一员。
1）feel like表示“感觉是，似乎”。又如：
--- What’s this in my pocket?我口袋里是什么东西？ --- It feels like an apple.摸起来像苹果。
2）feel like表示“想，要，愿意”，后接名词或动名词，在意义上相当于want/would like。如：
我不想喝牛奶。 =
她不想吃东西。 =
16. Be careful to look both ways before you cross the street. 在过街时一定要小心，向两边看看。
1) cross为动词，意为“横过，越过，穿过”，与go across意思相同。又如：
When the traffic lights are green, you can cross(go across) the road. 绿灯亮时，你可以过马路。
2) cross与across都是“穿过，越过”之意，cross是动词，而across是介词，如果作谓语必须与其它动词连用。如：He crossed the road quickly.=He walked across the road quickly.
3) across 和through都是介词，都有“穿过”之意。 across指从一边到另一边的“横过，越过”；through 指从……中间“穿过”。
e.g. They went through the forest at last.他们终于穿过了森林。
Can you swim across the river?你能游过河吗？
17.I’m going to be a bit late.?我将晚点来。?
【巧解句构】 此句是一般将来时,结构为:be going to+动词原形。?
【要点剖析】 a bit 意为“相当、有点”。?
【辨析比较】 a bit与a little?
1) a bit与a little都有“一点”的意思,都可作程度状语。?I am a little (a bit) tired.我有点累。?
2)a little可直接修饰不可数名词作定语,但a bit却不行,它必须在后面加上of才能修饰不可数名词。
There is a little time.还有一点时间。? Can you give me a bit of milk?你能给我一点奶吗??
3)not...a little与not...a bit意义不同。前者表示“很多”,后者表示“一点也不”。?
I’m not a little hot.我感觉很热。? I’m not a bit hot.我一点也不热。?
18.Why don’t you get her a scarf? 你为什么不给她买条围巾呢？?
【巧解句构】 1)这是一个一般现在时态的特殊疑问句,第二人称作主语故借助助动词do。?
2)Why don’t you+动词原形...？=Why not+动词原形...？都是表示建议的句子。?
【要点剖析】 get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb.给某人买某物?
这是动词后跟双宾语的用法,其中sb.(某人)为间接宾语,sth.(某物)为直接宾语。?
【拓展延伸】 能跟双宾语的动词还有buy, give, show, pass, choose等。如:请递给我一些纸。?
?=
刘老师要求我们把家庭作业交给他。?
Mr.Liu ask us to hand him our homework.=Mr.Liu ask us to hand our homework to him.?
我为她买了一辆自行车。?
=
我奶奶总是给我讲故事。?
My grandma always tells me some stories.=My grandma always tells some stories for me.?
我的父母留给我一座大房子。?
My parents leave me a big house.=My parents leave a big house for me.?
典题·热题
( )1 (2010北京模拟)I don’t know ___________ tomorrow.Can you tell me??
A.when we started B.when did we start?C.when we will start D.when will we start?
( )2 (2010重庆模拟)—Would you mind watering the flowers for me??
—_________.I have to go to the post office.?
A.Not at all B.Never mind? C.No,please D.Sorry,I can’t?
( )3 (2010陕西模拟)You’ll do much better ________ you’re more careful with your spelling.
A.if B.before C.although D.unless?
( )4 (2010北京模拟)—Mom,_________ I play computer games??
—Yes,you can.But you have to finish your homework first.?
A.must B.may? C.will D.need?
( )5(2010四川江津模拟)What he said was _________ difficult for us _________ understand.
A.so;that B.very;to C.too;to D.such;that?
( )6 (2010江苏南京模拟)Colours can change our moods and make us_____happy or sad,energetic or sleepy.?A.to feel B.feeling C.fell D.feel
( )7 (2010 浙江杭州模拟)—What are you going to do with your pocket money?
—________ give it to the children from AIDS(艾滋病)？?
A.What about B.What for C.Why don’t D.Why not?
( )8 (2010吉林模拟)Teenagers should _________ to choose their own clothes.?
A.allow B.to allow C.be allowed D.allowed?
9. 完形填空?(2010天津模拟)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Canada is the second largest country in the world.It is over 7000 kilometres from the 1__ coast（海岸）to the east.It 2 six time zones. 3 it is 9:00 a.m.in Vancouver on the west coast,it is 1:30 p.m.in St John’s on the east coast.?
English and French 4 the two main languages in Canada.About 60 percent of 5___ people speak English,and about 25 percent speak French.More 6 70 percent of its population live in cities near the US border（边境）.?
Ottawa is the capital.Every year millions of tourists go there to 7 museums and take part in the cultural（文化的）activities.Toronto is the largest city of the country 8 about 2.5 million people.Montreal is 9 second biggest French?speaking city in the world.?
The maple leaf is the national symbol of Canada.The Canadian flag has a red maple leaf on a red 10 white back ground.?
( )1).A.west B.east C.south D.north
( )2).A.is B.had C.has D.have?
( )3).A.Which B.What C.Where D.When?
( )4).A.are B.is C.will be D.has been?
( )5).A.their B.his C.its D.our
( )6).A.up B.over C.about D.than
( )7).A.see B.visit C.look D.find
( )8).A.with B.for C.from D.at
( )9).A.a B.an C.the D.不填
( )10).A.or B.and C.but D.however
( )10 (2010四川成都模拟)—I haven’t been to the aquarium before.How about you,Tom??
—Me __________. A.too B.either C.neither
( )11 (2010浙江杭州模拟) —Do you enjoy your staying in Hangzhou??
—Yes.I’ve had __________ wonderful time.? A./ B.a C.the D.a