人教版（2019） 选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Using language Writing 课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
Unit 4
Adversity and Courage
——Learn about optimism and perseverance
Learning Objectives
1. To read the article and answer some questions.
2. To write an essay about the story of Shackleton
and his men on the ship Endurance.
Prediction
In Pairs, predict
what may happened to the crew members.
( food, what to drink, the dangers of living in the island)
This is a continuation of the story of Shackleton’s men who were left on Elephant Island.
1.2 商业模式
melt ice to get water
food
water
no vegetables or fruit
only eat sea creatures
the dangers of living in the island
dangerous wild animals,
savage,
changing temperatures.
What may happen
Problems
people remaining on Island may face
Read the text and match the main ideas
Para1
Para2
Para3
Para4
Para5
Para6
The background of the story
what to drink and how to keep warm
What to eat
The changing temperatures and illness
Things that helped
The end of the story
para2-4
Problems
and solutions
Read the text again to see if your predictions were correct
1. . What did the men eat and drink on the island
2. What were the dangers of living on the island
The men ate the meat of sea creatures and drank water from melted ice.
The dangers of living on the island were the changing temperatures, lack of food and water, and the black smoke from burning animal fat.
3. How did the men stay in good spirits while waiting to be rescued
4.What do you think were the key reasons for their survival
The men stayed in good spirits by being disciplined and staying positive. They celebrated birthdays, festivals, and every time when they caught a sea animal.
I think the key reasons for their survival were their discipline and positive mental attitude, as well as the reliability of Shackleton.
5. If you were one of the men on Elephant Island, would you have trusted Shackleton Why or why not
I would have trusted Shackleton as he was a man of honour and would do all he possibly could to save us.
Based on the diary entries and the memoir you have read, write an essay about the story of Shackleton and his men on the ship Endurance.
1.Read the story again and think about the following questions.
Make notes with your answers.
* How does the author describe Shackleton and his crew members
* What kind of relationship did Shackleton have with his crew
* What struggles did they face
* What were the motives (n. 动机) for their actions
* What did you like most about the story
2. Begin your essay with a brief summary of the story. Remember to include who, what, where, when, why, and how.
who
what
1.通读全文，理解文章大意或找出主题句
2.细读文本，抓住要点，省略细节、重复和例子
3.改写要点内容，并适当使用连接词
对这篇文章进行概要写作时，首先要注意归纳每段的主题句和关键词。
Para. 1：简述目前情况；
Para. 2-4：重点介绍滞留在象岛上等待救援遇到的麻烦和困境。
Para. 5：讲述永不放弃的精神支撑大家坚持。
Para. 6：讲述最后获救时大家的心情。
Make a summary：
概要写作 Para. 1
Shackleton sailed away to get help. And we felt so alone and desperate.
概要写作 Para. 2
Life is regular for staying alive took all our time and energy. We are short of water, food, oil. As a chef, I should try my best to vary the meals. We can go out often because of the freezing condition.
概要写作 Para. 3
Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.
概要写作 Para. 4
Our optimism and faith helped us persevere! We felt such relief and joy that many of us could not stop crying, when we were rescued.
3. Use your notes and cite examples to explain what you think about the characters.
4. End your essay by talking about how the story made you feel, and give your overall impressions of the expedition and the men who went on it. Explain why you fell this way.
Answer the questions
Read the passage again and answer the questions
Write a brief summary
who, what, when, where, how, why
Ideas
Ending
What do you think of the characters according to your notes and examples
talk about how the story made you feel and give your overall impressions of the expedition and the men who went on it
This story is about the 1914-1916 expedition by Ernest Shackleton to make the first land crossing of Antarctica. For this task he used the ship, Endurance, with a 28-man crew, including one stowaway.
Shackleton is described as calm and brave and takes his crew’s safety very seriously. The rest of the crew are also brave, though a few are not very positive, and all were at times understandably worried and desperate about their situation.
Overall though, they remained positive. This was helped by the good relationship Shackleton had with his crew who trusted him and knew he would do his best to save them.
The crew faced great troubles once Endurance got stuck in the ice. Soon they had to abandon the ship and camp on the ice. They had to face the extreme weather and cold as well as a dangerous environment and all with limited supplies. All of this added to the mental challenge, so they ahd to maintain a positive state of mind.
Shackleton’s motive was always to make sure his crew survived, and theirs was to last until he had found help.
What I like most about this story is that although their expedition failed in achieving its goal, it was not the disaster it could have been. This was due to Shackleton’s perseverance in getting help and the crew’s bravery in surviving for so long. My impression of them is very positive as they must have struggled greatly in such a position of adversity. I felt very happy when I learnt that the whole crew survived.
Exchange drafts with a partner. Use the checklist to give feedback on your partners draft.
Checklist
Does the essay contain the main points in the story
Is the essay written in the writer’s own words
Does the writer give his/ her opinion about the story
Does the writer present his/ her ideas clearly by using linking words and phrases
1. What if they were delayed
What if… 如果……会怎么样呢？(=What would happen if… )
(1)表示假设，意为“假若……”“假若……怎么办”“要是……将会怎么样”。其后句子可用陈述语气(用一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(用一般过去时或should+动词原形)。若是针对过去的情况，从句则用过去完成时。
eg What if it rains when we can’t get to school on time
What if the assistant came tomorrow instead of this
afternoon
(2) 表示邀请或建议，“如果……怎么样”“如果……如何”
eg What if you join us for lunch
(3)表示不重要，“就算……那又怎样”，通常与so连用。若句意清楚，so what if…有时可省略成so what。
eg So what if he gave up the election. Who cares
I’m afraid it’s too expensive.
So what We’ve plenty of money.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) ______________________________ (如果机器人坏掉怎么办) right as it is serving hot soup or tea
2) _______________________________ (要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样) Would that look better
3) ______________ (就算……那又怎样) nobody else agrees with me
What if the robot breaks down
What if we moved the sofa over here
So what if
2. There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
There be + 主语+ 非谓语动词
该句式中，非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的主语。具体形式：
(1) There be + 主语+ doing （表示主动和进行）
eg There are 300 people moving to the new factory in the south.
(2) There be + 主语+ done(表示被动或完成)
eg In this book, there are passages learnt before.
(3) There will be + 主语+ to do (表示动作尚未发生)
eg There will be some problems to discuss at the conference.
【注意】
当主语与其后的不定式是被动关系时，不定式用主动语态和被动语态均可，有些没有意义上的区别，有些则有区别。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) There are some citizens ____________________________ (站在画廊前).
2) There is a red car ______________________ (停在房子外面).
3) ______________________ (无事可做) and he just sits there absent-minded.
standing in front of the gallery
parked outside the house
There is nothing to do
3. This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
give off it produces a gas, heat, or a smell and sends it out into the air. 放出（热、光、气味或气体）
eg The wood gave off a sweet, perfumed smell as it burned.
Natural gas gives off less carbon dioxide than coal.
give构成的其他短语：
give out 发出（尖叫等）；分发；用完
give in 屈服；投降
give away 泄露（秘密）；赠送；颁发
give back 归还，送回
【语境应用】用give的相关短语完成句子。
1) Happier people are more likely to volunteer, to _________ money, to help others and to be friendly.
2) The wood _______ a sweet smell as it burns.
3) My money was beginning to _______ and there were no jobs to be found.
give away
gives off
give out
4. If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve.
本句是虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。if 从句的谓语形式是were/动词过去式，其对应的主句的谓语形式是would + 动词原形。
eg If I lived near my office, I would walk to work.
If I were you, I would plant some trees round the house.
【拓展】
虚拟句中主句和从句的谓语形式一览表
从句谓语的形式 主句谓语的形式
与现在事实相反 过去式（be动词一般用were） would / could/ should/ might + 动词原形
与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would / could / should/ might have + 过去分词
与将来事实相反 过去式（be动词一般用were） were to + 动词原形 should + 动词原形
would / could/ should/ might + 动词原形
【语境应用】判断下列句子是与现在事实相反、过去事实相反还是与将来事实相反的假设。
1) If we hadn’t made adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful. _______________________
2) If I knew her number, I could ring her up.
_______________________
3) If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.
_______________________
与过去事实相反的假设
与现在事实相反的假设
与将来事实相反的假设
5. And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
pay back return（money）偿还
return punishment 报复
eg We are paying back the loan over 15 years.
He paid me back by not coming.
pay down 用现金支付；付订金
pay for 为……付钱；为……付出代价
pay off 偿清，付清；提到好结果，取得成功
pay up (尤指不情愿地) 全部还清，付清
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) He burst into tears, begging her to forgive him and swearing to pay ______ everything he had stolen.
2) Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay _______ it.
3) Her years of hard training paid _______ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
4) We claimed a refund(退款) from the association, but they would not pay _______.
back
for
off
up
commitment n. ① a promise 许诺；承诺
make a commitment to … 对…做出承诺
carry out one’s commitment 履行某人的承诺
make a commitment to do sth. 保证/ 承诺做某事
eg Our company has made a commitment to quality and customer service.
② the hard work and loyalty 献身，奉献，投入
eg I was impressed by the energy and commitment shown by the players.
【同根词】
commit vt. 犯罪；承诺；投入（时间、金钱等）
commit sb. / oneself to (doing) sth.
承诺做某事
eg Meeting them doesn’t commit us to anything.
committed adj. 尽心尽力的，坚信的，坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺做某事
eg We are fully committed to Equal Opportunity policies.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) The Canadian government is committed to ____________ (advance) the equality and the use of English and French.
2) China remains firm in its ______________ (commit) to strengthening friendship and cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.
advancing
commitment
6. When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
such … that … 如此……以至于……
eg The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.
(1) such …that…可用于以下三种句型：
such + a (n)+ adj.+ 可数名词单数+that…
such + adj. +可数名词复数+ that…
such +adj. +不可数名词+ that …
eg This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it.
They are such fine teachers that we all have great respect for them.
He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
(2) so … that… 用于以下四个句型：
so + adj./ adv. + that…
so + adj. + a(n)+ 可数名词单数+that …
so + many/ few +可数名词复数+ that…
so + much/ little(少) +不可数名词+ that…
eg Susan was so exhausted that she couldn’t eat dinner.
This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it.
He has so many books that I can’t count them.
There was so much food that we couldn’t eat it all.
【注意】
(1) so + adj. + a(n)+ 可数名词单数=such + a(n) +可数名词单数。
eg so difficult a problem= such a difficult problem
(2) 在so/ such … that…结构中，当so/ such…置于句首时，要用部分倒装结构。
eg Such was the force of the eruption that the whole town was covered with ash.
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) It was ______ noisy that we couldn’t hear ourselves speak.
2) It was ______ nice weather that we were able to have lunch in the garden.
3) He earned _______ little money that he couldn’t support his family.
4) It was ______ good an exhibition that I went to see it several times.
5) It was ______ a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home.
so
such
so
so
such
Finish your writing, and then exchange it with your group members;
Check the writing of your group members and learn from them;
Revise your writing with the help of your group members or what you have learnt from checking others’ writings.
For your Listenig！
THANKS