外研版（2019） 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 Laugh out loud! Starting out and Using language 词汇精讲课堂课件（39张PPT）

(共39张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本：新外研
单元：选择性必修 一 Unit 1 (Starting out — Using language)
本单元词汇梳理
1. mood 词块：in a good / bad mood, be / feel in the / no mood for sth / to do sth
2. circus 词源义是 “圆形场地”，与 circle （圆形）同源。
词源故事：现代马戏起源于英国。1768年，英国退役军人 Philip Astley在伦敦开办了一家骑术学校，上午传授骑术，下午表演各种惊人的马上技巧。表演场地就是学校里的一块圆形竞技场，叫作circus。后来，表演骑术的杂技人员都借鉴了Philip Astley的做法，在特别设计的圆形场地中表演骑术。慢慢地，circus的含义从“供马术表演的场地”变成了“马术表演” 和“马戏团”。
3. amusement amuse + ment
词块：an amusement park, with / in amusement
4. curly curl + -y
反义词：straight
5. entertain 词块：entertain sb with sth
派生词：entertainment
6. examine 同族词：exam, examination, examine, examinee, examiner
7. advertisement advertise + -ment
缩写形式（截短词）为ad，是非正式用语
同族词：advertise, advertising, advertisement, advertiser
8. employer employ + -er
注意与employee的区别
同族词：employ, employee, employer, employment, unemployed, unemployment
9. essential 近义词：vital
词块：it is essential for sb to do sth; it is essential that … (should) do sth
派生词：essentially
10. impress im- (in- 向内) + press (按压) → 向内压
派生词：impressed, impression, impressive
词块：impress sb with / by sth; impress sth on / upon sb
11. deserve de- (表示强调) + serve (服务) → 原指服务所应得的报酬
词块：deserve sth, deserve to do sth, deserve to be done / deserve doing sth
12. laughing stock laughing stock 笑柄；laughing stock = joke
在中世纪的英格兰，如果进行小偷小摸或其它恶劣破坏行为等的人被抓住，人们常常会用类似中国“木枷”的刑具来处罚或捉弄犯错的人。民众们免不了会对犯错的人进行谴责和讥讽。（stock本意是树干，理解做用木头制作的固定装置）。
13. practical joke 恶作剧
“practical”源于名词“practice”，在这里更侧重于行动，与 “verbal joke”（耍嘴皮子式的玩笑）相对应。 “practical joke” 更需要开玩笑的人多费些心思，使玩笑更高明一点。在文学界或学术界，作家们喜欢耍笔墨费心思，模仿某一位自己不认同的对手的文字或观点，这是一种 “practical joke”。
重难点词精讲
mood
精准的汉语释义
英语释义
deserve
英语释义搭配义
impress
一词多义
词族
essential
amusement
entertain
英语释义
词族
搭配义
辨析义
截短词
mood
情绪好 / 坏
in a good / bad mood
mood n [C]
情绪；心情：
in a good / bad mood:
Having been punished by his teacher, he was in a very bad mood.
Looking at green, growing things can put people into / in a better mood. 2019 全国改
① be / feel in the / no mood for sth:
I was in no mood for a joke.
② be / feel in the / no mood to do sth:
I’m not in the mood to talk about it now.
［单数］气氛；氛围：
There’s nothing like candlelight for creating a romantic mood.
［语法］（动词的）语气
mood 意为“情绪”(the way sb feels at a particular time)，指人某一时刻的情绪，通常和in搭配。
Leave Dad alone for a while. He’s in a very bad mood.
emotion 意为“情感”(a strong feeling such as love, hate, anger, etc.)，表示个体强烈的感情或情感，是情绪的外在表现形式。
The emotion was so intense that she spent most of the movie in tears.
spirit 意为“情绪”时要用复数形式，(the way you are feeling, for example whether you are happy or sad)。
It was the last day of term and everyone was in high spirits.
辨析：mood, emotion, spirit
amusement
“游乐场”用英文如何表达？
an amusement park
amusement
n [U] 欢乐；娱乐 [C]［常用复数］娱乐活动：
an amusement park
with / in amusement
Big cities have many amusements.
amuse + -ment
amuse
vt 给……提供娱乐 / 消遣 (entertain)；逗……乐：
The children amused themselves by playing hide-and-seek games.
【词汇拓展】
amusing adj 逗乐的；有趣的
amused adj 好玩的；愉快的；开心的：
We were all amused at / by his stories.
Playing with water can keep children amused for hours.
【同族词】
amuse, amusing, amused, amusement
entertain
华纳兄弟娱乐公司 (Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc.) ，简称华纳兄弟或华纳，成立于1918年，是全球最大的电影和电视娱乐制作公司之一。
华纳兄弟影业著名的作品有《蝙蝠侠》系列、《超人》系列、《黑客帝国》系列、《哈利波特》系列、《指环王》系列、《霍比特人》系列、《地心引力》《盗梦空间》还有《星际穿越》以及2016年上映的《蝙蝠侠大战超人》。而截至2011年其出品的《哈利·波特》系列电影在全球范围内票房收入已经超过74亿美元，稳居全球“最赚钱”电影系列。
entertain vi & vt
招待；款待：
I don’t entertain very often.
It’s easier to make a feast than to get the guests to come, and get the guests to come than entertain them properly.
使欢乐；给……娱乐：
He entertained us with his stories and jokes.
A museum should aim to entertain as well as educate.
entertainer n [C] 表演者；艺人
entertaining adj 使人愉快的；有趣的
n
[U] & [C] 娱乐；娱乐节目 / 活动：
the entertainment business / world
I think watching TV is not just for entertainment.
This season’s entertainments include five new plays
and several concerts.
[U]［正式用语］招待；款待：
She was busy with the entertainment of the guests.
entertainment
entertain (娱乐；款待) + -ment
essential
古代希腊哲学家认为世间除了常见的水、火、土、气等四种物质外，还存在第五种物质 (quinta essential)，第五种物质是万物之精华，弥漫在所有其他物质中，是将四种物质有机组合的最重要因素。essential 词源义为“本质的”。
essential adj R3
必不可少的；最重要的 extremely important and necessary (vital) ；本质的:
Sun and water is / are essential to the growth of crops.
The words are essential for everybody to learn English.
① it is essential + that ... (should) do sth:
It is essential that you get a visa before you travel to the USA.
② it is essential for sb to do sth:
It is essential for high-new technology enterprises to strengthen competitive power.
【词汇拓展】
essentially adv 本质上；根本上 (basically)
impress
impress
看图猜词
印；盖（印）于
印；盖（印）于
[不用于进行时] 给……留下极深的印象；使钦佩 to make sb feel admiration and respect：
It impressed me that he remembered my name.
impress sb with / by sth:
One candidate in particular impressed us with her knowledge.
[正式用语] 使意识到 to try to make sb understand how important sth is：
The teacher impressed the importance of English on / upon me.
impress vt
impress由两部分组成，前缀im- (in-)“向内”+ press “按；压”。基本义为“向内压”。
词源解读
impress 语义网络图
向内压
impress
基本义
“向内压”到某物体表面上
印；盖（印）于
使意识到
“向思想里压”的结果
程度递进
“向内压”到思想里
给……留下极深的印象；使钦佩
impress
impression
impressionist
impressionism
impressively
impressed
impressive
impress 同族词
【词汇拓展】
impressive adj 给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的：
（对……）印象深刻的 / 钦佩的：
(be) impressed with / by:
impressed adj
The teachers were deeply impressed by your performance in the exam.
She was very impressive in the interview.
impression n [C]
印记；压痕
印象；感觉：
He left / made a deep impression on me. / He left me with a deep impression. 2015 江苏改
I had the impression (that) we had met before.
impressionist n [C] 印象派艺术家
press词根记词汇
press
v 压
impress v 盖印；使留下深刻印象
（im- 向内 + press → 向内压 → 盖印 →
印入头脑 → 使留下深刻印象）
express v 表达；特快
（ex- 向外 + press → 思想向外压 → 表达）
depress v 压下；使沮丧
（de- 向下 + press → 向下压 → 使情绪低下）
pressure n 压力
（press + -ure 行为的结果 → 压的结果 → 压力）
deserve
You deserve it!
这是你应得的！
vt [不用于进行时] 应受；值得 to earn sth, either good or bad, because of sth that you have done：
You deserve a rest after all that hard work.
What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration. 2008 江苏改
deserve
① deserve to do sth:
She deserves to succeed.
② deserve doing / deserve to be done：
He’s a responsible writer, and he deserves respecting / to be respected.
doing在此是主动形式表示被动意义
de- (表示强调) + serve (服务) → 原指服务所应得的报酬
【词汇拓展】
deserved adj 理所应当的；应得的：
a well-deserved rest
deserving adj 值得……的：
an issue deserving of attention
the deserving poor
截短词：用适当的单词完成表格。
汉语释义 原词 截短词
广告 ad / advert
流行性感冒 influenza
实验室 laboratory
出租车 taxicab
飞机 aeroplane
狂热爱好者 fanatic
照片 photo
数学 mathematics
地震 quake
冰箱 refrigerator
advertisement
photograph
earthquake
flu
lab
taxi
plane
fan
math / maths
fridge
截短法（clipping）是指将一个较长的单词截短用以构成新词的方法。截取原词的某一部分而将剩余的部分作为新词来使用。主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。截短词中的大多数通常用于非正式或日常的谈话和写作中。
本单元金句汇总
1. Having been punished by his teacher, he was in a very bad mood.
2. He entertained us with his stories and jokes.
3. Sun and water is / are essential to the growth of crops.
4. The teacher impressed the importance of English on / upon me.
5. He left / made a deep impression on me. / He left me with a deep impression. 2015 江苏改
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I’m just not in the mood for a party tonight. ___________
2. Don’t talk to her. She’s in one of her moods. ___________
3. The mood of the meeting was extremely pessimistic. ___________
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 下雨天总是让大家感到心情压抑。(put sb in a ... mood)
_______________________________________________________
2. 考试成绩不好，她没有心情出去玩。(be in no mood to do sth)
_______________________________________________________
没心情参加聚会
mood
闹情绪
气氛
Rainy days always put everybody in a depressed mood.
She is / was in no mood to go out (to play) because of her bad / poor exam results.
amusement
一、在空白处填入单词amuse的正确形式。
1. His stories kept the whole table ______________.
2. He stopped and watched with ______________ to see the child so absorbed.
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Have you ever been to _____________________（游乐场）
2. I need to _______________（自娱自乐）so I won’t keep thinking about things.
3. ____________________（使我感到好笑的是）he couldn’t get the door open.
an amusement park
amusement
amused
To my amusement
amuse myself
entertain
一、在空白处填入单词entertain的正确形式。
1. He’s a popular television ____________.
2. This area is often used for ______________ such as concerts, games or TV watching.（2014 天津）
3. Pets are ______________, but we are in a way doing animals harm by making them live in a human environment.（2013 陕西改）
二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
博物馆的目的应该是娱乐与教育并重。(aim v, entertain)
________________________________________________________
A museum should aim to entertain as well as educate.
entertainer
entertainment
entertaining
essential
将下列句子译成英语。
1.均衡的饮食对于健康至关重要。
___________________________________________
2. 我们必须马上作出决定。
___________________________________________
3. 提前预定是有必要的。
___________________________________________
A balanced diet is essential for good health.
It is essential that we make a decision soon.
It is essential to book in advance.
1. I think what _____________ (impress) me about his painting is the colors he uses.（2014 天津）
2. What was so _____________ (impress) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.（2014 湖北）
3. My first _____________ (impress) of him was that he was
a kind and thoughtful young man.（2012 山东改）
4. Williams was impressed __________ Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.（2017 浙江）
impress
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
impressive
impression
impresses
with / by
二、根据所给提示，翻译下列句子。
最让我印象深刻的是他的名言，“天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。” (impress / impressed)（2008 湖南）
__________________________________________________ is his
famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine
percent perspiration”.
她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望给全世界留下了深刻的印象。(impress / impressed)（2012 天津）
_________________________________________________________
her courage and strong desire to succeed.
What impresses me most / What I’m most impressed by
She impressed the world with / The world was impressed with / by
3. 今天我上了第一堂课，它给我留下了深刻的印象。(impression)（2009 湖南）
I gave my first lesson today and it __________________________.
4. 让我印象深刻的是他记得每一个人的名字。
_______________ that he remembered everyone’s name.
It impressed me
left me with a deep impression
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. They broke the rule and didn’t deserve __________ (win) that game.
2. Elderly people deserve ________________________ (respect).
3. That’s an issue ___________ (deserve) careful attention.
deserving
respecting / to be respected
to win
deserve
二、根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Whoever you are, you ________________________________（应当得到平
等的对待）.（2013 湖南）
2. What has he done to ________________________（应该得到这样的惩罚）
3. He did a good job, and he _________________________________（理应得
到称赞）.
deserved praising / to be praised
deserve equal treatment
deserve this punishment
谢
谢
观
赏