外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Onwards and upwards Using language能力提升练（含解析）

Unit2 Using language
能力提升练
I. 阅读理解
(2019北京清华附中高一上期中)
There is no denying that everyone has felt worried or upset before a contest or sports game. A study in 2000 found that “high levels of anxiety during competitions are harmful, worsening the performance and even leading to dropping out”. An example of this is John Daly, an American golf player Who was once one of the best of his time. The great amount of pressure placed on him to win made him extremely anxious. His anxiety reached such a high level that he was unable to complete a tournament and walked off the course in the middle of the round. Over the course of his career, he quit from 49 professional matches due to the anxiety he experienced.
In fact, anxiety can have a number of negative effects and changes to the body, mind and behavior. Anxiety causes your body to tense up and increases blood pressure. When this happens, it becomes more difficult for your body to move fluently and efficiently, meaning actions and movements become unnatural. The terror you experience as a result of anxiety is so overwhelming that it may even lead to body paralysis(瘫痪). An example of this is stage fright, which may be experienced right before a public competition. When feeling overwhelming fear, the athlete may be unable to move, talk or act at all.
Anxiety has a negative effect on not only athletes, but also students and young people, particularly when it comes to tests and exams. This “test anxiety” occurs in 33％ of students and can affect their performance in exams and overall achievements. As time goes on, the age at which children suffer from anxiety is becoming younger.
Anxiety leads to the poor academic performance and low scores. This is because the anxiety becomes so overwhelming that you lose the ability to think clearly. It has been proven that students with anxiety score lower on tests than students who do not suffer from anxiety.
Anxiety can also affect students’ willingness to engage in class or participate in class discussions Again，this can have a negative impact on their performance because they are unable to communicate with the teacher by asking questions. This then leads to confusion and further worry about a task，resulting in additional anxiety. This same worry also applies to peer learning（同伴学习）because this involves sharing ideas with other students. A student with high anxiety is unable to share these ideas，meaning the quit from activities and their learning is limited.
Anxiety reaches such a point that some of the students either refuse to go to school until they are able or drop out completely. In fact，49% of anxious adults report having left education early and 24% indicate anxiety as the primary reason After all，how can a person possibly learn something or perform well when their mind and body are in a constant state of terror and worry？
1. What is the best, title for the passage
A. Reasons of anxiety.
B. Students and anxiety.
C. Bad effects of anxiety.
D. Anxiety and performance.
2. The author used John Daly’s example to show that ______.
A. he is a terrible golf player in every way.
B. even a little pressure can be a bad thing.
C. the willingness to win can cause anxiety.
D. too much anxiety is harmful in competitions.
3. What can you learn from the passage
A. The elders rarely suffer from anxiety.
B. Body paralysis is often caused by anxiety.
C. Students with anxiety tend to ask questions less.
D. 49% of adults left education mainly because of anxiety.
4. According to the passage, what may happen to a person if one suffers from anxiety
A. One’s actions become steady.
B. One tends to cry and walk away.
C. One gets higher grades in exams.
D. One feels unable to move or talk.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2020湖北名师联盟)
This is so easy，inexpensive，and has always brought either of two 1 ：a look of shock or a big smile. I am a cane-walking（拄着手杖走路的）senior citizen with mobility 2 especially in cold weather but I have a sharp eye for useful bargains and since I still drive，I can do this without having to get in and out of the car to help people.
Here is how it “works”. When I see gloves, warm hats and scarves on sale (new or in good condition from a second-hand store），I buy them very 3 . If laundering（洗涤）is needed，I do it to 4 tiny stains（污渍）so everything looks good I have a large basket that I keep in the passenger side of my car and I “file” these things in it，where I can easily reach over and get whatever I determine is most 5 for someone who is without and out in the cold I am always 6 of things and people around me in parking lots and along the walkways of my small hometown. But when I see someone obviously old and without what will help them，I 7 beside them，roll down my 8 and ask if they will 9 and wear all three things or whatever is needed. and then as they stare at me in 10 , I always add: “I have things right here in my 11 to share. Please me by 12 them to stay warm when you are outside. ”
Not yet have I 13 hostility（敌意）or felt in any danger，but since so many of the items are “cheerful” colors，I often see the persons I gave them to walking down the street. It 14 my heart to know that my items are being used and 15 .
1. A. routines B. reactions C. outlines D. suggestions
2. A. performances B. amusement C. addiction D. problems
3. A. cheaply B. casually C. unwillingly D. briefly
4. A. strengthen B. increase C. paint D. remove
5. A. specific B. useful C. popular D. usual
6. A. positive B. short C. careful D. fond
7. A. put down B. settle down C. queue up D. pull up
8. A. window B. light C. wheel D. floor
9. A. improve B. buy C. borrow D. accept
10. A. sadness B. dishonesty C. disbelief D. anger
11. A. mind B. bag C. basket D. reach
12. A. wearing B. winning C. ignoring D. folding
13. A. accounted for B. met with C. escaped from D. kept up with
14. A. splits B. sacrifices C. forces D. warms
15. A. examined B. appreciated C. blamed D. guaranteed
Ⅲ. 语法填空
（2019河北秦皇岛中学高一上期末）
An elderly lady (1) [ ] lives near me keeps her garden so beautiful. It has an abundance of flowers and colours. The weather is not too good here at the moment, and actually it (2) [ ] (rain). One day I drove past this elderly lady’s house and (3) [ ] garden was showing signs of winter by way of few flowers. I knocked on her door and she came out. She didn’t know me and I told her I had flowers for her.
She said she couldn’t imagine she would (4) [ ] (give) flowers. I told her I was giving them to her because she worked so hard in her garden and we all got to enjoy the (5) [ ] (beautiful) of it. She was (6) [ ] (total) surprised. All she could say was
“I don’t know (7) [ ] to say”. Her name is Elizabeth. (8) [ ] (tear) ran down Elizabeth’s face and you would truly think she’d just won a prize.
Elizabeth told me she loved flowers and I laughed, (9) [ ] (tell) her I had already knew that! I also gave her a little thank-you card (10) [ ] (let) her know all her hard work in her garden brought joy to others. Elizabeth was so precious to me.
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______ 9. ______ 10. ______
参考答案：
I.
【语篇解读】本篇文章主要介绍了焦虑对身体、思想及行为会产生负面的影响。作者认为焦虑不仅对运动员有负面影响，而且对学生和年轻人也产生负面影响，尤其是对学生的学业成绩及课堂参与度产生负面影响并分析了原因。
1. C 主旨大意题。B项为干扰项，以偏概全。文章主要讲了焦虑的负面影响。故选C项。
2. D 推理判断题。第一段是为导入语篇主题做铺垫。作者借用 John Daly的例子说明过多的焦虑对运动员比赛有着负面影响，以便引出下文。
3. C 细节理解题。第三段中 As time goes on，the age at which children suffer from anxiety is becoming younger. 只是说孩子们遭受焦虑的年龄提前了，并未说焦虑不会影响老年人。从第二E’f The terror you experience as a result of anxiety is so overwhelming that it may even lead to body paralysis（瘫痪）得知 paralysis的直接原因是 terror。从第六段中 In fact，49% of anxious adults report having left education early and 24% indicate anxiety as the primary reason. ，得知，焦虑只占早期辍学原因的24%。从第五段中 Again，this can have a negative impact on their performance because they are unable to communicate with the teacher by asking questions. 得知，C项正确。
4. D 推理判断题。从第二段中 When this happens，it becomes more difficult for your body to move fluently and efficiently meaning actions and movements become unnatural. 得知A项错误；从第四段 It has been proven that students with anxiety score lower on tests than students who do not suffer from anxiety. 44知C项错误。B项没有提及。故选D项。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个行动不便靠拐杖行走的老人。但这并没有影响作者去帮助别人。作者对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光，会用很低的价格把它们买回来。作者开车时会留意道路上行走的人，如果有人看起来很冷且身上没有御寒物品，作者会问他们是否需要帮助，并把自己准备好的物品提供给他们。作者使路人很暖心，自己也感到很温暖，很高兴。
1. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很简单，也不贵，而且总是会带来两种反应中的任何一种：震惊的表情或灿烂的笑容。routine路线；reaction反应；outline外形，轮廓；suggestion建议。由 a look of shock or a big smile可知，这是两种反应。故选B项。
2. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个靠拐杖走路的老人，我行动不便，尤其是在寒冷的天气里。但我对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光。因为我开车，所以我不用上下车就可以做这件事来帮助别人。performance表演；amusement娱乐diction上瘾；problem问题。由 a cane-walking（拄着手杖走路的）senior citizen可知，作者行动不便。故选D项。
3. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：…我会非常便宜地把它们买回来。cheaply便宜地；casually随意地；unwillingly不愿意地；biey简洁地。由 new or in good condition from a second-hand store可知，这些东西或者是新的或者是在二手商店买的质量较好的东西。所以作者会以低廉的价格把它们买回来。故选A项。
4. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果（衣物）需要洗的话，我会洗掉细小的污渍，这样每一件东西看起来都不错。strengthen加强；Increase增加；paint画；remove清除。作者洗衣物的目的是除去污渍。故选D项。
5. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一个大篮子，我把它放在车的乘客一侧，我把这些东西“归档”在里面，这样我就可以很容易地从里面伸手去拿我认为对身处寒冷户外的人最有用的且其手里没有的东西。specific具体的；useful有用的；popular流行的；usua平常的。由 someone who is without and out in the cold可知，作者所准备的东西对那些身处户外的人最有用处。故选B项。
6. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在停车场和我家乡的小镇的人行道上，我总是留意着周围的人和物。positive积极的；short短的；careful小心的；fond喜欢的。作者很留意周围的人和物以便向别人提供帮助。故选C项。
7. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当我看到有人明显很冷，没有什么可以帮助他们的时候，我就把车停在他们旁边摇下车窗，问他们是否愿意接受并穿上这三样东西，或者他们需要的任何东西……当他们难以置信地盯着我看时，我总是补充说：“我的篮子里刚好有可以分享的东西……”。 put down放下；settle down平静下来；queue up排队；pull up停车。作者停下车，才能帮助其他人。故选D项。
8. A 考查名词词义辨析。window窗户；light光；whel轮子；floor地板。作者停下车，摇下车窗，才能问路人是否需要帮助。故选A项。
9. D 考查动词词义辨析。Improve提高；buy买；borrow借；accept接受。由 ask if they wil可知，作者在看到路人需要帮助时，首先要问问路人是否愿意接受他的帮助。故选D项。
10. C 考查名词词义辨析。sadness悲伤；dishonesty不诚实；disbelief不相信；anger生气。由 stare at me可知，路人难以置信地盯着作者看，不相信自己会得到别人的帮助。故选C项。
11. C 考查名词词义辨析。mind思维；bag包；basket篮子；reach波及范围。由第三段开头 I have a large basket可知，作者篮子里的东西是要与别人分享的东西。故选C项。
12. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们在户外穿着我给的衣服感觉暖和，这让我高兴。wear穿；win贏得；Ignore忽略；fold折叠。由 to stay warm when you are outside可知，被帮助的人在户外穿着作者所提供的衣服使他们暖和了，这也让作者很高兴。故选A项。
13. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还没有遇到有敌意的状况，也没有感觉到有什么危险，但是由于很多东西都是“喜庆”的颜色，我经常看到我帮助的人们走在大街上。account for解释；meet with遇到；escape from从…逃跑；keep up with跟上。故选B项。
14. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知我的物品正被人使用和感激，我的心都暖和起来了。splt分裂；sacrifice牺牲；force强迫；warm使暖和。由 stay warm可知，作者的举动温暖了别人，也温暖了自己的心。故选D项。
15. B 考查动词词义辨析。examine检查；appreciate感激；blame责备；guarantee保证。作者得知自己的物品正在被人使用和被感激，这温暖了作者的心，作者觉得自己做的事情很值得。故选B项。
Ⅲ.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一位爱花的女士辛勤管理花园，给他人带来了快乐，从而也得到了他人的报答和感谢，体现了满满的正能量。
1. who/that 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词An elderly lady，且在从句中作主语。
2. is raining 考查动词时态。根据 at the moment可知，此处表示“正在下雨”，应该用现在进行时。
3. the 考查冠词。设空处修饰名词 garden，该词在文中是第二次出现，为特指。
4. be given 考查被动语态。give与she之间是被动关系，且设空处位于情态动词后，故填 be given。
5. beauty 考查名词。根据此处的the. of. 结构可知，设空处为中心词，应用名词形式。
6. totally 考查副词。空后的 surprised为形容词，故此处用副词修饰形容词。
7. what 考查疑问词。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，不定式中的动词say没有宾语，故用疑问词what
8. Tears 考查名词复数。设空处作句子的主语，表示“泪水”且此处无限定词。故用名词的复数形式。
9. telling 考查现在分词作状语。设空处的动作te作 laughed的伴随状语，且与主语Ⅰ 之间是主动关系。故用现在分词形式。
10. to let 考查不定式。此处为不定式作目的状语。