外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger Using language 能力提升练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger Using language 能力提升练（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-02 14:36:33 | ||
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Unit3 Using language 能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020河南豫南示范性高中高二上学期联考）
The San Francisco Giants added a special pitcher for the day. It was small—yet fierce—Hailey Dawson, who has a 3D-printed hand.
The energetic 8-year-old from Nevada was invited to throw out the first pitch at the Giants game on Sunday. Dawson was born with Poland syndrome, a disorder in which affected individuals are born with missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body. It affected her hand.
With a traditional prosthesis potentially costing thousands of dollars, Hailey’s mom, Yong Dawson turned to the University of Nevada, Las Vegas for help. She emailed UNLV engineering, and they accepted the challenge. Brendan O’Toole, the chairman of the mechanical engineering department, said he and his team had got a lot of requests, “but this one is different.” They got to work using a 3D-printer. Several prototypes and fittings later，Dawson got her first hand about four years ago.
Hailey’s mother said the hand had given her daughter a wonderful lift. “When she puts this robotic hand on, it changes her personality and gains her self-belief,” Yong Dawson told CBS San Francisco. “I love seeing that. I just want her to have an even playing field.”
When she arrived at AT&T Park on Sunday, Hailey got to hang out with players in the shelter at the side of the sports field. They even let her try on their World Series rings.
Using her 3D-printed hand, Dawson threw out the first perfect pitch. Then with a wave and a smile, she headed into the stand to cheer on her newfound friends on the Giants.
1. What caused the function loss of Hailey’s hand
A. A serious brain disorder.
B. A born physical problem.
C. An awful game accident.
D. An unexpected infection.
2. Why did Yong Dawson ask the University of Nevada for help
A. She couldn’t find a suitable hospital.
B. She knew it had the advanced 3D-printer.
C. She couldn’t afford a traditional prosthesis.
D. She was forced to accept the challenge.
3. What is Hailey’s mother’s attitude towards the 3D-printed hand
A. Skeptical.
B. Positive.
C. Ambiguous.
D. Cautious.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Mothers love makes a huge difference
B. A talented young pitcher gets a great future
C. The 3D-printing technology is changing our life
D. A girl with a 3D-printed hand throws out her first pitch
Ⅱ. 七选五
(2019江苏高邮高一下学期期中）
Last summer over 12,000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watching online. 1 It was eSports.
Millions of people in the UK play computer games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full-time job. 2 They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also study videos of other players and plan ways to defeat them.
3 Are players athletes Some say no. ESports players don’t need to run, jump, throw or do big physical action. At the moment, the UK government classifies eSports as kinds of games, not as sports.
But others say yes：eSports are sports. Players do need some physical skills, especially hand-eye coordination, reflexes, accuracy and timing. If darts, snooker and shooting are classified as sports, then perhaps eSports should be too.
4 And they will be official medal sports in the Asian Games starting from 2022. Next step: the Olympics
For many eSports fans and players, though, the most important thing is that eSports are growing in popularity and importance. 5
A. But this wasn’t a football, basketball or tennis match.
B. All like playing computer games.
C. It’s not easy being a professional gamer, though.
D. But are eSports really sports
E. It is certain that eSports will come into the 2024 Olympics.
F. In fact, China and South Korea do classify eSports as sports.
G. If eSports are not as important as sports now, they definitely will be in the near future.
1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. ___________
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2018北京一〇一中学高一上学期期中）
One summer weekend, my wife, my son and I entered a running race on mountain trails. When the race started，our son took off 1 ，but my wife and I stayed back, enjoying the scenery. After some time, while running down a narrow, 2 trail, I walked on a big stone and had a 3 . I realized I’d got my toe 4 , but I didn’t check my damage. Instead, we kept running.
5 , after going half the course，I realized my watch on my wrist was 6 . I encouraged my wife to go on ahead, and returned to see if I could find it. Later, I 7 my broken watch and quickly put it 8 into my pocket. Then I end, I saw my son, who had finished 30 minutes earlier, had run back up the trail to 9 me. He ran with me to the end.
10 it turned out, both my wife and son had won first place in their age groups, but I had no chance of placing. After the race, I took off my shoe and found that my sock was in blood. Luckily, the race 11 had a special award for the most injured runner. Although everyone wants to live a life of comfort, the 12 is that we often face pain and 13 . However, the key to happiness is 14 pain into something positive. In other words, 15
can make us stronger if we face them bravely.
1. A. easily B. suddenly C. calmly D. quickly
2. A. rocky B. dirty C. smooth D. unknown
3. A. break B. discovery C. fall D. pain
4. A. injured B. shot C. destroyed D. knocked
5. A. Hopefully B. Therefore C. Luckily D. However
6. A. broken B. slow C. wrong D. gone
7. A. placed B. hide C. noticed D. missed
8. A. jumped B. walked C. drove D. hurried
9. A. visit B. meet C. push D. welcome
10. A. If B. So C. As D. But
11. A. organizers B. winners C. owners D. supporters
12. A. hope B. idea C. reason D. truth
13. A. success B. struggles C. happiness D. competitions
14. A. including B. turning C. throwing D. dividing
15. A. difficulties B. exercises C. efforts D. skills
Ⅲ.语法填空
On Nov. 18，the Fourth National Minds Sports Games concluded in Quzhou, Zhejiang. Hosting chess, bridge, and draughts 1 (competition)，the games 2 (aim) to encourage more young people 3 (love) and participate in sports. Pan Yiming, 15, from Hubei Wuchang Experimental High School, was one of the star 4 (play) among participants.
In October, Pan won the silver medal at the 2019 World Draughts Championship (WDC). Pan’s performance is the best record ever for a Chinese draughts player. Pan’s journey through the championship 5 (be) not easy. For Pan, the highlight was the matches against four international grandmasters for three consecutive days, 6 he called a “devil competition”. Pan survived the tournament and finished in second place 7 an undefeated record. He admitted that he didn’t put much thought into 8 (win) games.
To catch his 9 (opponent) moves, Pan had to stay calm and make the right decisions. “The key 10 winning is not giving up. Keep thinking and fighting until you get there,” Pan said. After the October win at the WDC, Pan, a grandmaster himself, is No. 9 in the international rankings.
1._______ 2._______ 3._______ 4._______ 5._______
6._______ 7._______ 8._______ 9._______ 10._______
参考答案：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文为记叙文。Hailey Dawson出生时患有Poland综合征，手残疾了。因为买不起昂贵的假肢，她在一所大学的帮助下，装上了3D打印的手，拥有了自信，还成为旧金山巨人队的一名投手。
1. B细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句 Dawson was born with Poland syndrome，a disorder in which affected individuals are born with missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body. It affected her hand.可知 Hailey Dawson出生时患有Poland综合征，天生性身体一侧是缺失或发育不全的肌肉，影响了她手的发育。分析选项可知B项符合题意。
2. C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 With a traditional prosthesis potentially costing thousands of dollars，Hailey’s mom，Yong Dawson turned to the University of Nevada，Las Vegas for help.可知，传统的假肢太贵，Yong Dawson买不起，所以才求助大学的。分析选项可知C项符合题意。
3. B推理判断题。根据第四段中的 Hailey’s mother said the hand had given her daughter a wonderful lift. When she puts this robotic hand on，it changes her personality and gains her self-belief,” 可判断出 Hailey的母亲对此持肯定的态度。
4. D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个天生手残疾的女孩，在一所大学的帮助下，装上了3D打印的手并成为旧金山巨人队的一名投手的故事。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电子竞技及其发展。
1. A根据本空后的“It was eSports.”可知，它是电子竞技。故A项（但这不是一场足球、篮球或网球比赛。）符合语境，也符合首句地点环境的设定推断。
2. C上文说一些人成为职业玩家，下文又说他们一天练习十个或十个小时以上，故C项（然而成为一名职业玩家并不容易。）符合语境。
3. D根据本空后的“Are players athletes？”可知，电竞玩家是运动员么？故D项（但电竞真的是体育运动么？）符合语境。
4. F根据本空后的“And they will be official medal sports in the Asian Games starting from2022.”可知，从2022年开始，它们将成为亚运会的正式比赛项目，故F项（事实上，中国和韩国确实将电竞列为体育项目。）符合语境。
5. G根据本空前的“…the most important thing is that eSports re growing in popularity and importance.”可知，电竞越来越受欢迎和重要，故G项（如果电竞现在不像体育运动那么重要，在不久的将来它们肯定会。）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完型填空
语篇解读：作者记叙了自己一家三口参加赛跑的经历，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是也得到了回报。作者想通过这样的经历告诉读者，生活中总要面对一些痛苦与挣扎，关键是把它们转换成积极的事情，把挫折当成是对自己的考验，让自己变得更加强大。
1. D考查副词词义辨析。easily简单地；suddenly突然地；calmly镇静地；quickly快地，迅速地。根据下文 but my wife and I stayed back，enjoying the scenery（但是“我”的妻子和“我”跟在后面欣赏风景）可知，比赛开始时，儿子迅速地跑了出去。
2. A考查形容词词义辨析。rocky岩石的，多岩石的；dirty脏的；smooth光滑的；unknown不知名的。联系下文 I walked on a big stone可知，此处指狭窄的、多岩石的小路。
3. C考查名词词义辨析。break打破，中止，休息；discovery发现；fall下落；pain疼痛。联系下文 I didn’t check my damage可推知，“我”摔了一跤。have a fall I跌了一跤，摔倒。根据语境可知选C。
4. A考查动词词义辨析。injure使受伤；shoot射击；destroy破坏；knock撞击。联系下文可知，“我”意识到“我”的脚趾受伤了。
5. D考查副词词义辨析。hopefully满怀希望地；therefore因此；luckily幸运的是；however但是。句意：但是，在跑了一半的路程之后，“我”意识到“我”手腕上的手表不见了。
6. D考查形容词词义辨析。broken坏了的；sow慢的；wrong错误的；gone不在的。联系下文 and returned to see if I could find it可知，“我”发现手腕上的手表不见了。
7. C考查动词词义辨析。place放置；hide躲藏；notice注意到；miss错过，想念。句意：后来，我注意到了我的坏手表，并把它迅速放到了口袋里。
8. D考查动词词义辨析。jump跳；walk走；dive驾驶；hurry匆忙。作者找到手表之后，自然是沿着跑道匆忙向终点前进。
9. B考查动词词义辨析。visit拜访，参观；met见面，碰面；push推，按；welcome欢迎。根据下句 He ran with me to the end.可知，半小时前完成比赛的儿子跑回来和“我”碰面，之后起跑向终点。
10. C考查定语从句。if如果；so因此；as正如；but但是。As it turned out结果就是，As引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的主句。
11. A考查名词词义辨析。organizer组织者；winner赢家，获胜者；owner拥有者；supporter支持者。给比赛者颁奖的自然是比赛的组织者。
12. D考查名词词义辨析。hope希望；idea想法；reason原因；truth事实。句意：尽管每个人都想过舒适的生活，事实是我们经常面对痛苦和挣扎。
13. B考查名词词义辨析。success成功；struggle挣扎，奋斗；happiness幸福；competition比赛。句意：同上。
14. B考查动词词义辨析。include包括；turn转向；throw扔divide分开。句意：然而，幸福的秘诀是把痛苦变成积极的事情。turn into变成。
15. A考查名词词义辨析。difficulty困难；exercise练习；effort努力；skill技能。结合上文的经历可知，作者认为困难能让我们变得更加强大。
Ⅳ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，报道的是11月18日中国囯际跳棋运动员泮忆铭在浙江衢州第四届全国智力运动会中取得国际跳棋冠军的事迹。
1. competitions考查名词复数。本句列举了几项比赛名称，故用名词复数。
2. aimed考查时态。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般过去时。
3. to love考查动词不定式。encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。
4. players考查词性转换。本句中 star player指“明星选手”，根据句意可知，应填复数形式。
5. was考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，此处应用般过去时，主语为Pan’s Journey，为单数，故填was。
6. which考查关系词。本句在非限制性定语从句中缺少的是作宾语、指物的关系代词，故填 which。
7. with考查介词。with表伴随，with an undefeated record意为有着不败的战绩”。
8. winning考查非谓语动词。介词into后应填v.-ing形式。
9. opponents’ 考查名词复数和所有格。此处表示“对手们的”，应用 opponent的复数形式而且是所有格形式。
10. to考查固定短语。the key to doing sth.意为“做某事的关键”。
1 / 8
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020河南豫南示范性高中高二上学期联考）
The San Francisco Giants added a special pitcher for the day. It was small—yet fierce—Hailey Dawson, who has a 3D-printed hand.
The energetic 8-year-old from Nevada was invited to throw out the first pitch at the Giants game on Sunday. Dawson was born with Poland syndrome, a disorder in which affected individuals are born with missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body. It affected her hand.
With a traditional prosthesis potentially costing thousands of dollars, Hailey’s mom, Yong Dawson turned to the University of Nevada, Las Vegas for help. She emailed UNLV engineering, and they accepted the challenge. Brendan O’Toole, the chairman of the mechanical engineering department, said he and his team had got a lot of requests, “but this one is different.” They got to work using a 3D-printer. Several prototypes and fittings later，Dawson got her first hand about four years ago.
Hailey’s mother said the hand had given her daughter a wonderful lift. “When she puts this robotic hand on, it changes her personality and gains her self-belief,” Yong Dawson told CBS San Francisco. “I love seeing that. I just want her to have an even playing field.”
When she arrived at AT&T Park on Sunday, Hailey got to hang out with players in the shelter at the side of the sports field. They even let her try on their World Series rings.
Using her 3D-printed hand, Dawson threw out the first perfect pitch. Then with a wave and a smile, she headed into the stand to cheer on her newfound friends on the Giants.
1. What caused the function loss of Hailey’s hand
A. A serious brain disorder.
B. A born physical problem.
C. An awful game accident.
D. An unexpected infection.
2. Why did Yong Dawson ask the University of Nevada for help
A. She couldn’t find a suitable hospital.
B. She knew it had the advanced 3D-printer.
C. She couldn’t afford a traditional prosthesis.
D. She was forced to accept the challenge.
3. What is Hailey’s mother’s attitude towards the 3D-printed hand
A. Skeptical.
B. Positive.
C. Ambiguous.
D. Cautious.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Mothers love makes a huge difference
B. A talented young pitcher gets a great future
C. The 3D-printing technology is changing our life
D. A girl with a 3D-printed hand throws out her first pitch
Ⅱ. 七选五
(2019江苏高邮高一下学期期中）
Last summer over 12,000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watching online. 1 It was eSports.
Millions of people in the UK play computer games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full-time job. 2 They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also study videos of other players and plan ways to defeat them.
3 Are players athletes Some say no. ESports players don’t need to run, jump, throw or do big physical action. At the moment, the UK government classifies eSports as kinds of games, not as sports.
But others say yes：eSports are sports. Players do need some physical skills, especially hand-eye coordination, reflexes, accuracy and timing. If darts, snooker and shooting are classified as sports, then perhaps eSports should be too.
4 And they will be official medal sports in the Asian Games starting from 2022. Next step: the Olympics
For many eSports fans and players, though, the most important thing is that eSports are growing in popularity and importance. 5
A. But this wasn’t a football, basketball or tennis match.
B. All like playing computer games.
C. It’s not easy being a professional gamer, though.
D. But are eSports really sports
E. It is certain that eSports will come into the 2024 Olympics.
F. In fact, China and South Korea do classify eSports as sports.
G. If eSports are not as important as sports now, they definitely will be in the near future.
1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. ___________
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2018北京一〇一中学高一上学期期中）
One summer weekend, my wife, my son and I entered a running race on mountain trails. When the race started，our son took off 1 ，but my wife and I stayed back, enjoying the scenery. After some time, while running down a narrow, 2 trail, I walked on a big stone and had a 3 . I realized I’d got my toe 4 , but I didn’t check my damage. Instead, we kept running.
5 , after going half the course，I realized my watch on my wrist was 6 . I encouraged my wife to go on ahead, and returned to see if I could find it. Later, I 7 my broken watch and quickly put it 8 into my pocket. Then I end, I saw my son, who had finished 30 minutes earlier, had run back up the trail to 9 me. He ran with me to the end.
10 it turned out, both my wife and son had won first place in their age groups, but I had no chance of placing. After the race, I took off my shoe and found that my sock was in blood. Luckily, the race 11 had a special award for the most injured runner. Although everyone wants to live a life of comfort, the 12 is that we often face pain and 13 . However, the key to happiness is 14 pain into something positive. In other words, 15
can make us stronger if we face them bravely.
1. A. easily B. suddenly C. calmly D. quickly
2. A. rocky B. dirty C. smooth D. unknown
3. A. break B. discovery C. fall D. pain
4. A. injured B. shot C. destroyed D. knocked
5. A. Hopefully B. Therefore C. Luckily D. However
6. A. broken B. slow C. wrong D. gone
7. A. placed B. hide C. noticed D. missed
8. A. jumped B. walked C. drove D. hurried
9. A. visit B. meet C. push D. welcome
10. A. If B. So C. As D. But
11. A. organizers B. winners C. owners D. supporters
12. A. hope B. idea C. reason D. truth
13. A. success B. struggles C. happiness D. competitions
14. A. including B. turning C. throwing D. dividing
15. A. difficulties B. exercises C. efforts D. skills
Ⅲ.语法填空
On Nov. 18，the Fourth National Minds Sports Games concluded in Quzhou, Zhejiang. Hosting chess, bridge, and draughts 1 (competition)，the games 2 (aim) to encourage more young people 3 (love) and participate in sports. Pan Yiming, 15, from Hubei Wuchang Experimental High School, was one of the star 4 (play) among participants.
In October, Pan won the silver medal at the 2019 World Draughts Championship (WDC). Pan’s performance is the best record ever for a Chinese draughts player. Pan’s journey through the championship 5 (be) not easy. For Pan, the highlight was the matches against four international grandmasters for three consecutive days, 6 he called a “devil competition”. Pan survived the tournament and finished in second place 7 an undefeated record. He admitted that he didn’t put much thought into 8 (win) games.
To catch his 9 (opponent) moves, Pan had to stay calm and make the right decisions. “The key 10 winning is not giving up. Keep thinking and fighting until you get there,” Pan said. After the October win at the WDC, Pan, a grandmaster himself, is No. 9 in the international rankings.
1._______ 2._______ 3._______ 4._______ 5._______
6._______ 7._______ 8._______ 9._______ 10._______
参考答案：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文为记叙文。Hailey Dawson出生时患有Poland综合征，手残疾了。因为买不起昂贵的假肢，她在一所大学的帮助下，装上了3D打印的手，拥有了自信，还成为旧金山巨人队的一名投手。
1. B细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句 Dawson was born with Poland syndrome，a disorder in which affected individuals are born with missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body. It affected her hand.可知 Hailey Dawson出生时患有Poland综合征，天生性身体一侧是缺失或发育不全的肌肉，影响了她手的发育。分析选项可知B项符合题意。
2. C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 With a traditional prosthesis potentially costing thousands of dollars，Hailey’s mom，Yong Dawson turned to the University of Nevada，Las Vegas for help.可知，传统的假肢太贵，Yong Dawson买不起，所以才求助大学的。分析选项可知C项符合题意。
3. B推理判断题。根据第四段中的 Hailey’s mother said the hand had given her daughter a wonderful lift. When she puts this robotic hand on，it changes her personality and gains her self-belief,” 可判断出 Hailey的母亲对此持肯定的态度。
4. D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个天生手残疾的女孩，在一所大学的帮助下，装上了3D打印的手并成为旧金山巨人队的一名投手的故事。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电子竞技及其发展。
1. A根据本空后的“It was eSports.”可知，它是电子竞技。故A项（但这不是一场足球、篮球或网球比赛。）符合语境，也符合首句地点环境的设定推断。
2. C上文说一些人成为职业玩家，下文又说他们一天练习十个或十个小时以上，故C项（然而成为一名职业玩家并不容易。）符合语境。
3. D根据本空后的“Are players athletes？”可知，电竞玩家是运动员么？故D项（但电竞真的是体育运动么？）符合语境。
4. F根据本空后的“And they will be official medal sports in the Asian Games starting from2022.”可知，从2022年开始，它们将成为亚运会的正式比赛项目，故F项（事实上，中国和韩国确实将电竞列为体育项目。）符合语境。
5. G根据本空前的“…the most important thing is that eSports re growing in popularity and importance.”可知，电竞越来越受欢迎和重要，故G项（如果电竞现在不像体育运动那么重要，在不久的将来它们肯定会。）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完型填空
语篇解读：作者记叙了自己一家三口参加赛跑的经历，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是也得到了回报。作者想通过这样的经历告诉读者，生活中总要面对一些痛苦与挣扎，关键是把它们转换成积极的事情，把挫折当成是对自己的考验，让自己变得更加强大。
1. D考查副词词义辨析。easily简单地；suddenly突然地；calmly镇静地；quickly快地，迅速地。根据下文 but my wife and I stayed back，enjoying the scenery（但是“我”的妻子和“我”跟在后面欣赏风景）可知，比赛开始时，儿子迅速地跑了出去。
2. A考查形容词词义辨析。rocky岩石的，多岩石的；dirty脏的；smooth光滑的；unknown不知名的。联系下文 I walked on a big stone可知，此处指狭窄的、多岩石的小路。
3. C考查名词词义辨析。break打破，中止，休息；discovery发现；fall下落；pain疼痛。联系下文 I didn’t check my damage可推知，“我”摔了一跤。have a fall I跌了一跤，摔倒。根据语境可知选C。
4. A考查动词词义辨析。injure使受伤；shoot射击；destroy破坏；knock撞击。联系下文可知，“我”意识到“我”的脚趾受伤了。
5. D考查副词词义辨析。hopefully满怀希望地；therefore因此；luckily幸运的是；however但是。句意：但是，在跑了一半的路程之后，“我”意识到“我”手腕上的手表不见了。
6. D考查形容词词义辨析。broken坏了的；sow慢的；wrong错误的；gone不在的。联系下文 and returned to see if I could find it可知，“我”发现手腕上的手表不见了。
7. C考查动词词义辨析。place放置；hide躲藏；notice注意到；miss错过，想念。句意：后来，我注意到了我的坏手表，并把它迅速放到了口袋里。
8. D考查动词词义辨析。jump跳；walk走；dive驾驶；hurry匆忙。作者找到手表之后，自然是沿着跑道匆忙向终点前进。
9. B考查动词词义辨析。visit拜访，参观；met见面，碰面；push推，按；welcome欢迎。根据下句 He ran with me to the end.可知，半小时前完成比赛的儿子跑回来和“我”碰面，之后起跑向终点。
10. C考查定语从句。if如果；so因此；as正如；but但是。As it turned out结果就是，As引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的主句。
11. A考查名词词义辨析。organizer组织者；winner赢家，获胜者；owner拥有者；supporter支持者。给比赛者颁奖的自然是比赛的组织者。
12. D考查名词词义辨析。hope希望；idea想法；reason原因；truth事实。句意：尽管每个人都想过舒适的生活，事实是我们经常面对痛苦和挣扎。
13. B考查名词词义辨析。success成功；struggle挣扎，奋斗；happiness幸福；competition比赛。句意：同上。
14. B考查动词词义辨析。include包括；turn转向；throw扔divide分开。句意：然而，幸福的秘诀是把痛苦变成积极的事情。turn into变成。
15. A考查名词词义辨析。difficulty困难；exercise练习；effort努力；skill技能。结合上文的经历可知，作者认为困难能让我们变得更加强大。
Ⅳ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，报道的是11月18日中国囯际跳棋运动员泮忆铭在浙江衢州第四届全国智力运动会中取得国际跳棋冠军的事迹。
1. competitions考查名词复数。本句列举了几项比赛名称，故用名词复数。
2. aimed考查时态。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般过去时。
3. to love考查动词不定式。encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。
4. players考查词性转换。本句中 star player指“明星选手”，根据句意可知，应填复数形式。
5. was考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，此处应用般过去时，主语为Pan’s Journey，为单数，故填was。
6. which考查关系词。本句在非限制性定语从句中缺少的是作宾语、指物的关系代词，故填 which。
7. with考查介词。with表伴随，with an undefeated record意为有着不败的战绩”。
8. winning考查非谓语动词。介词into后应填v.-ing形式。
9. opponents’ 考查名词复数和所有格。此处表示“对手们的”，应用 opponent的复数形式而且是所有格形式。
10. to考查固定短语。the key to doing sth.意为“做某事的关键”。
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