外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 学案Unit4 Meeting the muse易混易错点辨析（有答案）
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【名师原创】：Unit4 易混易错点辨析
●which 和as 引导定语从句
【教材原句】
A more recent work of his is the huge Floating Fish, which was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都可引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句，有时可换用，但用法有一定区别。
which 引导非限定性定语从句
①当主句和非限定性定语从句之间有因果关系或出人意料时，关系代词用
which
②在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词为整个主句，即指代整个主句内容时，关系词as和which，有时可互换。
③ as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放句首，句中和句尾，而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能放主句后面。
as 引导定语从句
① 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词前有as, such, the same时，关系词一般用as
温馨提示：如果the same…. as…. 结构中的as 换成that, 句子也正确，但是意思发生了变化，表示先行词和定语从句是同一个事物，请观察以下句子。
This is the same computer as he bought last week.
这台电脑和他上周买的是一样的。
This is the same computer that he bought last week.
这就是他上周买的电脑。
②当非限定性定语从句中的谓语是know, see, tell, show, expect等时，常用关系词as，这时，as 往往有“像….一样，正如….”的意思。
③as is often the case 引导的非限定性定语从句中，as 不能换成which
【例句呈现】
This is as good a house as we can find.
这是我们能找到的好房子。
I have just the same feeling as you do.
我们和你们感觉的一样。
As he told us, the meeting went on well.
正如他告诉我们的，会议进展很顺利。
She has been late again, as was expected.
她又迟到了，正如所预料的那样。
The thief came again, as was expected.
小偷有一次来了，这是预料之中的。
All the photos are about the firefighters, as he showed us at home that day.
正如他那天在家里给我们看的那样，所有这些照片都是关于消防战士的。
He tore up my photo, which upset me.
他把我的照片撕掉，这使我很不满。
He is an honest boy, which/as is obvious.
很明显，他是一个诚实的孩子。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
The earth turns around the sun every day, as is known to all.
众所周知，地球每天绕着太阳转。
【考点过关】
根据as 和 which 引导定语从句的用法填空。
The lady doesn’t like such a young man ______ often drinks too much.
This is the same car _______ he lent you yesterday.
The old man first jumped into the river to save the child, ______ we can see.
He didn’t come, _______ I had expected.
He said nothing, _______ made her angry.
She failed in the exam, ______ was natural.
This kind of computer, ______ is well-known, is out of date.
The old professor beat his wife that day, ______ was unexpected.
He was late for school again, ______ is often the case.
Taiwan is a part of China, ________ is known to all.
【参考答案】
1. as; 2. as/that; 3. as; 4. as; 5. which; 6. which/as; 7. as; 8. which; 9. As; 10. as
●widely；wide (副词)
【教材原句】
He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. (教材P39)
【辨析】
widely 副词，表示“广泛地，普遍地，相差甚远地”，强调程度，无法测量出实际宽度。
wide 做副词时表示“宽，宽地”，强调实际的具体的宽，可以测量出具体数值。wide awake 完全醒着；far and wide到处，四面八方，都是习惯短语。
【例句呈现】
The championship is still wide open.
谁将获得冠军还难以预料。
The flowers spread their fragrance far and wide.
花儿的芳香散发到四面八方。
Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what’s wrong with your teeth.
把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。
The door was wide open.
门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.
他站在那儿，两脚分开的距离很大。
He has traveled widely.
他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The most widely distributed is the Hui people.
分布最广的是回族。
Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating.
现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。
The conversation ranged widely.
谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
各家商店价格悬殊很大。
Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
In bed he lay wide awake.
他睡意全无地躺在床
【考点过关】
用wide和widely填空。
1. We must publicize the meeting ________.
2. The river runs ______
3. The school is _______ admired for its excellent teaching.
4. He opened the window _______.
5. He is _______ acknowledged as the best player in the world.
6. I want to travel far and ________.
7. Garlic is ________ used in Chinese folk medicine.
8. His name has spread far and ________ and become more and more celebrated with the passing of time.
9. The idea is now ________ accepted.
10. Those old people lay in bed _______ awake all night long.
【参考答案】
1. widely; 2. wide; 3. widely; 4. wide; 5. widely; 6. wide; 7. widely; 8. wide; 9. widely; 10. wide
●so as to do sth. ; in order to do sth
【教材原句】
As Tan once said, Chinese music should carry “universal expression” of the human spirit so as to be recognized by the whole world. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都可以作目的状语，一般情况下没有什么区别, 常可互换使用, 但用法有细微区别。
so as to do sth. 引导的目的状语只能放在句尾，不能位于句首。
in order to do sth. 引导的目的状语既可以放句首，也可以放句尾，位置较为灵活。
温馨提示：
①两者的否定式: in order not to do sth.; so as not to do sth.
② 两者的复合结构: in order for sb. to do/so as for sb. to do （当不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,必须用其复合结构）。
【例句呈现】
He arrived early in order to/so as to get a good seat.
他很早到达了以便找到好座位。
In order to arrive before dark, we started early.
为了天黑前到达，我们很早就出发了。
You’d better check the names once again so as to/in order to avoid mistakes.
你最好再检查一下名字，以免搞错。
The test questions are kept secret so as to/in order to prevent cheating.
试题要保密，以免泄密。
I got up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.
为了赶上第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I got up early in order/so as not to miss the first bus.
为了不错过第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I woke him early in order for him not to miss the first bus.
我把他早早叫醒，为的是不让他错过第一班车。
He started early so as to/in order to be there on time.
他出发很早，以便准时赶到那里。
One baths so as to/in order to get clean.
人洗澡是为了清洁。
The government raced the new law through all its stages so as to/in order to complete it before the election.
为了使新法律在选举前完成，政府匆忙地使其通过了各个程序。
We went early so as to/in order to get good seats.
为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。
How can faculty improve their teaching so as to/in order to encourage creativity
教师们如何才能改进教学以激发创造性呢？
Arrive three days early so as to/in order to acclimatize.
提前3天到达以适应新环境。
Write home as often as possible so as to/in order to relieve your mother from anxiety.
尽量多给家里写信，免得你母亲牵肠挂肚。
Let’s turn in early, so as to/in order to get up early tomorrow to catch the train.
今儿早点睡，明儿好早起赶火车。
One should learn from past mistakes so as to/in order to avoid falling into the same old trap again.
要从过去的错误中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。
【考点过关】
根据in order to do sth. 和 so as to do sth. 用法填空
1. We first need to understand the current usage scenarios and analyze the resulting performance problems _______ to do the correct performance correcting actions.
2. He started early _______ not to be late for school.
3. Zhang Yang’s mother woke him early _______ for him not to be late for work.
4. And _______ to do that, I need to talk about mice a little bit.
5. So, ______to do that, the technology has to be just as much human as it is artificial.
6. The purpose of these practices is to make athletes have a quicker recovery after training _______ to do their future study and training well.
【参考答案】
1. in order/so as; 2. in order/so as; 3. in order/so as; 4. in order; 5. in order; 6. in order/so as
●especially; specially
【教材原句】
“It gave me a chance to go deeper into the lives of various ethnic groups…. Our ethnic groups, especially the Dai people, admire the peacock. (教材P39)
I especially like the dance style of the Dai people and it gives me lots of inspiration. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法不同。
especially副词，意思是 “尤其；特别；格外地”，往往用来对前面所述情况进行说明或补充，不强调目的性，只强调超乎寻常，通常用来修饰名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者是句子。
specially副词，意思是“专门地；特意地；特别地”，强调目的的唯一性，暗含“，只是为了…而不为别的”。一般修饰动词或介词短语。
温馨提示：especially和specially一般不换用，但是especially可以和particularly通用。
【例句呈现】
We are especially encouraged by the strong representation, this year, of women in information technology disciplines
今年，女性在信息技术领域的突出表现尤其让我们备受鼓舞。
She was especially fond of a little girl named Betsy.
她尤其偏爱一个名叫贝齐的小女孩。
Millions of wild flowers color the valleys, especially in April and May
尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
Under all the innocent fun, there are hidden dangers, especially for children
在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。
Re-apply sunscreen every two hours, especially if you have been swimming.
每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
The committee is concerned about players’ behavior, especially arguing with referees
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。
Many women, especially as they get older, develop lumpy veins in their legs.
许多妇女，尤其是年纪大了以后，腿上会现出疙疙瘩瘩的青筋。
The ring was specially made for her.
这枚戒指是为她订做的。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
The play was written specially for radio.
这出戏是专为无线电广播而写的。
The compost is specially formulated for pot plants.
此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。
They thought he had escaped through a specially constructed tunnel.
他们认为他是通过一条专门修建的地道逃跑的。
Patrick needs to use specially adapted computer equipment
帕特里克需要使用专门改装过的计算机设备。
We came specially to learn from you.
我们是特地来向您学习的。
【考点过关】
1. I made this _______ for your birthday.
2. Their main exports are textiles, _______ silk and cotton.
3. She came to London ________ to see Buckingham Palace.
4. We are not _______ interested in watching movies.
5. You can borrow my laptop for you exam, and you don’t need to buy one ______.
6. She was _______ fond of collecting stamps.
7. The smart-phone is ________ designed for software professionals.
8. It’s __________ hot today.
9. Patrick needs to use _______ adapted computer equipment.
10. Millions of wild flowers color the valleys, ________ in April and May.
11. He came here _________ to say sorry to her.
12. He likes all subjects, _________ English.
13. He returned to her hometown _________ to see her sick mother
14. These books will be __________ helpful to those who wish to improve their English.
15. I came here __________ to ask for your advice.
16. The Great Wall had been added to, __________ during the Ming Dynasty.
【参考答案】
1. specially; 2. especially; 3. specially; 4. especially; 5. specially; 6. especially; 7. specially; 8. especially; 9. specially; 10. especially; 11. specially; 12. especially; 13. specially; 14. especially; 15. specially; 16. especially
●would like to do sth.; would like to have done sth.
【教材原句】
I would love to know what she was going to say! (教材P41)
【辨析】
两者都可以翻译成“想做….”的意思，但用法和意义上有一定的区别。
would like to do sth. = should like to do sth. = would love to do sth. = should love to do sth. 表示“现在想要做某事”，这里的would不表示过去，只是语气委婉的
说法，不定式to do表示将来要做的事，动作还没有发生。
would/should like/love to have done sth. 表示“过去想做某事而没有做”，表示对过去未能做某事而感到遗憾，这里的would 同样表示语气委婉，而非过去时。would也可以换成should, like也可以换成love，意思基本相同。
【例句呈现】
We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools in future.
今后，我们希望学生家长和学校有更加紧密的合作。
Businesses would like to see new laws to counter late payments of debts.
商界希望见到对付债务逾期不还的新法律出台。
The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study.
课程的内容取决于学生愿意学什么。
We have a buyer who would like to view the property.
我们有一买主想看看这房产。
Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home.
尽管我想留下来，但我确实必须回家。
Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and creative.
许多教师愿意更加进取，更富创造性。
I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teachers.
我想向我的老师表达我的感激之情。
Who would like to lead off the debate
谁愿带头发言开始辩论？
I should like to have photographed it but I had no more films.
我本想把它都照下来的，可那时胶卷都用完了。
And before I get involved in the multifarious details of my new position, I should like to have secured my partner.’
在我被新的繁杂的琐事缠住以前，我想我应该把我伴侣的事情肯定下来。
I should like to have a day off, if I may.
如果可以的话，我想休假一天。
I should like to call my lawyer.
我希望给我的律师打个电话。
I should love to visit Turkey.
我非常向往土耳其。
【考点过关】
根据would like to do sth.; would like to have done sth.用法填空。
1. We would like to _______ (stay) longer that day, but we had to leave.
2. I should like to _______ (add) something important to what I have written previously.
3. I would like to _______ (live) in the eighteenth century.
4. That is very kind of you both, so I should like to _______ (come).
5. We would like to _______ (come) last week, but we were too busy then.
6. We would like to ______ (see) the person in charge of personnel now.
7. Is there anything you regret not having done or would like to ______ (do) differently at college
8. I’d like to ______ (go) now, but I ‘m awfully busy.
9. I would like to _______ (make) an important announcement at that time，but many people left without a word.
10. We would like to _______ (express) our gratitude to everyone for their hard work.
11. Yesterday, I would like to _______ (thank) you, however, I couldn’t find you anywhere.
12. We would like to ________ (apologize) for the delay.
13. Last Friday, I would like to _______ (book) the conference centre, but I was refused.
14. I’m open to suggestions for what you would like to ______ (do) in our classes.
15. I should like to _______ (do) the work with Mr. Wang during those days.
16. Lastly, I would like to _______ (thank) my parents for all their support.
17. We should like to _______ (see) his face at that moment.
18. Lastly, I would like to _______ (ask) about your future plans.
【参考答案】
1. have stayed; 2. add; 3. have lived; 4. come; 5. have come; 6. aee; 7. have done; 8. go; 9. have made; 10. express; 11. have thanked; 12. apologize; 13. have booked; 14. do; 15. have done; 16. thank; 17. have seen; 18. ask
●amount; quantity
【教材原句】
But personally, I think the inspiration for Storm might be the overwhelming amount of information in the digital age. (教材P42)
【辨析】
两者都可以表示数量，但用法有区别。
amount 意思是“数量；数额；总数”，做动词是“达到，相当，等同”的意思， 常构成以下短语：
①a huge/large amount of…./large amounts of….大量，许多，后面一般接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词根据amount来确定，如果amount 是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果amount是复数，谓语动词就用复数。
②amount to….达到；合计为；相当于，等于
quantity 意思是“数量； 大量”，常构成以下短语：
①a large quantity of…./large quantities of ……大量，后面既可以跟可数名词，也可以跟不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词根据quantity 的单复数来确定，如果quantity 是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果quantity是复数，谓语动词就用复数。
②in quantity = in large quantities 大量地
【例句呈现】
The police found a quantity of drugs at his home.
警察在他家发现了大量毒品。
It is usually economical to buy washing powder in large quantities.
大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。
A large quantity of drugs was seized during the raid.
在这次突击行动中起获了大量毒品。
A swoop by customs officers netted a large quantity of drugs.
海关人员突然袭击，缉获大量毒品。
The Customs have seized large quantities of smuggled heroin.
海关查获了大量走私的海洛因。
It’s just very time consuming to get such a large quantity of data.
获取如此大量的数据非常费时。
Modern computers can organize large amounts of data very quickly.
现代计算机能迅速处理大量的信息资料。
There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
还有非常非常多的工作没有做。
Somewhere along the line a large amount of money went missing.
有一笔巨款在某一环节上不翼而飞。
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
The tank had leaked a small amount of water.
水箱渗漏出少量的水。
The total collection last week amounted to 250.
上周的募捐总额达250英镑。
【考点过关】
根据quantity和amount的用法填空。
1. A large quantity of air conditions ________ (sell) since the summer came.
2. It’s a pity that large quantities of wood ______ (waste) that way all over the world.
3. There _______ (be) a large quantity of rain in this area.
4. When you are travelling, don’t display large _______ of cash to others.
5. A large quantity of crops _________ (destroy) by the hurricane last week.
6. Large quantities of milk _______ (send) to the children in poor area the day before yesterday.
7. Large amounts of money _______ (spent) on building the bridge last year.
8. They buy cotton _______ quantity.
9. There _______ (be) only a small amount of food.
10. The villagers planted different kinds of trees _______ large quantities on the hill last year.
11. My income for that week amounted ________ &112.
12. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert _______ (cover) the land so far.
13. Keeping what belongs to another ______ (amount) to stealing.
14. With many forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ (wash) away each year.
15. Huge quantities of oil ________ (ship) to Japan last year.
【参考答案】
1. have been sold 2. have been wasted; 3. is; 4. amounts/quantities; 5. was destroyed; 6. were sent; 7. were spent; 8. in; 9. is; 10. in; 11. to; 12. has covered; 13. amounts; 14. are being washed; 15. were shipped
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●which 和as 引导定语从句
【教材原句】
A more recent work of his is the huge Floating Fish, which was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都可引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句，有时可换用，但用法有一定区别。
which 引导非限定性定语从句
①当主句和非限定性定语从句之间有因果关系或出人意料时，关系代词用
which
②在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词为整个主句，即指代整个主句内容时，关系词as和which，有时可互换。
③ as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放句首，句中和句尾，而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能放主句后面。
as 引导定语从句
① 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词前有as, such, the same时，关系词一般用as
温馨提示：如果the same…. as…. 结构中的as 换成that, 句子也正确，但是意思发生了变化，表示先行词和定语从句是同一个事物，请观察以下句子。
This is the same computer as he bought last week.
这台电脑和他上周买的是一样的。
This is the same computer that he bought last week.
这就是他上周买的电脑。
②当非限定性定语从句中的谓语是know, see, tell, show, expect等时，常用关系词as，这时，as 往往有“像….一样，正如….”的意思。
③as is often the case 引导的非限定性定语从句中，as 不能换成which
【例句呈现】
This is as good a house as we can find.
这是我们能找到的好房子。
I have just the same feeling as you do.
我们和你们感觉的一样。
As he told us, the meeting went on well.
正如他告诉我们的，会议进展很顺利。
She has been late again, as was expected.
她又迟到了，正如所预料的那样。
The thief came again, as was expected.
小偷有一次来了，这是预料之中的。
All the photos are about the firefighters, as he showed us at home that day.
正如他那天在家里给我们看的那样，所有这些照片都是关于消防战士的。
He tore up my photo, which upset me.
他把我的照片撕掉，这使我很不满。
He is an honest boy, which/as is obvious.
很明显，他是一个诚实的孩子。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
The earth turns around the sun every day, as is known to all.
众所周知，地球每天绕着太阳转。
【考点过关】
根据as 和 which 引导定语从句的用法填空。
The lady doesn’t like such a young man ______ often drinks too much.
This is the same car _______ he lent you yesterday.
The old man first jumped into the river to save the child, ______ we can see.
He didn’t come, _______ I had expected.
He said nothing, _______ made her angry.
She failed in the exam, ______ was natural.
This kind of computer, ______ is well-known, is out of date.
The old professor beat his wife that day, ______ was unexpected.
He was late for school again, ______ is often the case.
Taiwan is a part of China, ________ is known to all.
【参考答案】
1. as; 2. as/that; 3. as; 4. as; 5. which; 6. which/as; 7. as; 8. which; 9. As; 10. as
●widely；wide (副词)
【教材原句】
He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. (教材P39)
【辨析】
widely 副词，表示“广泛地，普遍地，相差甚远地”，强调程度，无法测量出实际宽度。
wide 做副词时表示“宽，宽地”，强调实际的具体的宽，可以测量出具体数值。wide awake 完全醒着；far and wide到处，四面八方，都是习惯短语。
【例句呈现】
The championship is still wide open.
谁将获得冠军还难以预料。
The flowers spread their fragrance far and wide.
花儿的芳香散发到四面八方。
Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what’s wrong with your teeth.
把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。
The door was wide open.
门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.
他站在那儿，两脚分开的距离很大。
He has traveled widely.
他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The most widely distributed is the Hui people.
分布最广的是回族。
Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating.
现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。
The conversation ranged widely.
谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
各家商店价格悬殊很大。
Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
In bed he lay wide awake.
他睡意全无地躺在床
【考点过关】
用wide和widely填空。
1. We must publicize the meeting ________.
2. The river runs ______
3. The school is _______ admired for its excellent teaching.
4. He opened the window _______.
5. He is _______ acknowledged as the best player in the world.
6. I want to travel far and ________.
7. Garlic is ________ used in Chinese folk medicine.
8. His name has spread far and ________ and become more and more celebrated with the passing of time.
9. The idea is now ________ accepted.
10. Those old people lay in bed _______ awake all night long.
【参考答案】
1. widely; 2. wide; 3. widely; 4. wide; 5. widely; 6. wide; 7. widely; 8. wide; 9. widely; 10. wide
●so as to do sth. ; in order to do sth
【教材原句】
As Tan once said, Chinese music should carry “universal expression” of the human spirit so as to be recognized by the whole world. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者都可以作目的状语，一般情况下没有什么区别, 常可互换使用, 但用法有细微区别。
so as to do sth. 引导的目的状语只能放在句尾，不能位于句首。
in order to do sth. 引导的目的状语既可以放句首，也可以放句尾，位置较为灵活。
温馨提示：
①两者的否定式: in order not to do sth.; so as not to do sth.
② 两者的复合结构: in order for sb. to do/so as for sb. to do （当不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,必须用其复合结构）。
【例句呈现】
He arrived early in order to/so as to get a good seat.
他很早到达了以便找到好座位。
In order to arrive before dark, we started early.
为了天黑前到达，我们很早就出发了。
You’d better check the names once again so as to/in order to avoid mistakes.
你最好再检查一下名字，以免搞错。
The test questions are kept secret so as to/in order to prevent cheating.
试题要保密，以免泄密。
I got up early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.
为了赶上第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I got up early in order/so as not to miss the first bus.
为了不错过第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I woke him early in order for him not to miss the first bus.
我把他早早叫醒，为的是不让他错过第一班车。
He started early so as to/in order to be there on time.
他出发很早，以便准时赶到那里。
One baths so as to/in order to get clean.
人洗澡是为了清洁。
The government raced the new law through all its stages so as to/in order to complete it before the election.
为了使新法律在选举前完成，政府匆忙地使其通过了各个程序。
We went early so as to/in order to get good seats.
为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。
How can faculty improve their teaching so as to/in order to encourage creativity
教师们如何才能改进教学以激发创造性呢？
Arrive three days early so as to/in order to acclimatize.
提前3天到达以适应新环境。
Write home as often as possible so as to/in order to relieve your mother from anxiety.
尽量多给家里写信，免得你母亲牵肠挂肚。
Let’s turn in early, so as to/in order to get up early tomorrow to catch the train.
今儿早点睡，明儿好早起赶火车。
One should learn from past mistakes so as to/in order to avoid falling into the same old trap again.
要从过去的错误中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。
【考点过关】
根据in order to do sth. 和 so as to do sth. 用法填空
1. We first need to understand the current usage scenarios and analyze the resulting performance problems _______ to do the correct performance correcting actions.
2. He started early _______ not to be late for school.
3. Zhang Yang’s mother woke him early _______ for him not to be late for work.
4. And _______ to do that, I need to talk about mice a little bit.
5. So, ______to do that, the technology has to be just as much human as it is artificial.
6. The purpose of these practices is to make athletes have a quicker recovery after training _______ to do their future study and training well.
【参考答案】
1. in order/so as; 2. in order/so as; 3. in order/so as; 4. in order; 5. in order; 6. in order/so as
●especially; specially
【教材原句】
“It gave me a chance to go deeper into the lives of various ethnic groups…. Our ethnic groups, especially the Dai people, admire the peacock. (教材P39)
I especially like the dance style of the Dai people and it gives me lots of inspiration. (教材P39)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法不同。
especially副词，意思是 “尤其；特别；格外地”，往往用来对前面所述情况进行说明或补充，不强调目的性，只强调超乎寻常，通常用来修饰名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者是句子。
specially副词，意思是“专门地；特意地；特别地”，强调目的的唯一性，暗含“，只是为了…而不为别的”。一般修饰动词或介词短语。
温馨提示：especially和specially一般不换用，但是especially可以和particularly通用。
【例句呈现】
We are especially encouraged by the strong representation, this year, of women in information technology disciplines
今年，女性在信息技术领域的突出表现尤其让我们备受鼓舞。
She was especially fond of a little girl named Betsy.
她尤其偏爱一个名叫贝齐的小女孩。
Millions of wild flowers color the valleys, especially in April and May
尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
Under all the innocent fun, there are hidden dangers, especially for children
在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。
Re-apply sunscreen every two hours, especially if you have been swimming.
每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
The committee is concerned about players’ behavior, especially arguing with referees
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。
Many women, especially as they get older, develop lumpy veins in their legs.
许多妇女，尤其是年纪大了以后，腿上会现出疙疙瘩瘩的青筋。
The ring was specially made for her.
这枚戒指是为她订做的。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
The play was written specially for radio.
这出戏是专为无线电广播而写的。
The compost is specially formulated for pot plants.
此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。
They thought he had escaped through a specially constructed tunnel.
他们认为他是通过一条专门修建的地道逃跑的。
Patrick needs to use specially adapted computer equipment
帕特里克需要使用专门改装过的计算机设备。
We came specially to learn from you.
我们是特地来向您学习的。
【考点过关】
1. I made this _______ for your birthday.
2. Their main exports are textiles, _______ silk and cotton.
3. She came to London ________ to see Buckingham Palace.
4. We are not _______ interested in watching movies.
5. You can borrow my laptop for you exam, and you don’t need to buy one ______.
6. She was _______ fond of collecting stamps.
7. The smart-phone is ________ designed for software professionals.
8. It’s __________ hot today.
9. Patrick needs to use _______ adapted computer equipment.
10. Millions of wild flowers color the valleys, ________ in April and May.
11. He came here _________ to say sorry to her.
12. He likes all subjects, _________ English.
13. He returned to her hometown _________ to see her sick mother
14. These books will be __________ helpful to those who wish to improve their English.
15. I came here __________ to ask for your advice.
16. The Great Wall had been added to, __________ during the Ming Dynasty.
【参考答案】
1. specially; 2. especially; 3. specially; 4. especially; 5. specially; 6. especially; 7. specially; 8. especially; 9. specially; 10. especially; 11. specially; 12. especially; 13. specially; 14. especially; 15. specially; 16. especially
●would like to do sth.; would like to have done sth.
【教材原句】
I would love to know what she was going to say! (教材P41)
【辨析】
两者都可以翻译成“想做….”的意思，但用法和意义上有一定的区别。
would like to do sth. = should like to do sth. = would love to do sth. = should love to do sth. 表示“现在想要做某事”，这里的would不表示过去，只是语气委婉的
说法，不定式to do表示将来要做的事，动作还没有发生。
would/should like/love to have done sth. 表示“过去想做某事而没有做”，表示对过去未能做某事而感到遗憾，这里的would 同样表示语气委婉，而非过去时。would也可以换成should, like也可以换成love，意思基本相同。
【例句呈现】
We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools in future.
今后，我们希望学生家长和学校有更加紧密的合作。
Businesses would like to see new laws to counter late payments of debts.
商界希望见到对付债务逾期不还的新法律出台。
The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study.
课程的内容取决于学生愿意学什么。
We have a buyer who would like to view the property.
我们有一买主想看看这房产。
Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home.
尽管我想留下来，但我确实必须回家。
Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and creative.
许多教师愿意更加进取，更富创造性。
I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teachers.
我想向我的老师表达我的感激之情。
Who would like to lead off the debate
谁愿带头发言开始辩论？
I should like to have photographed it but I had no more films.
我本想把它都照下来的，可那时胶卷都用完了。
And before I get involved in the multifarious details of my new position, I should like to have secured my partner.’
在我被新的繁杂的琐事缠住以前，我想我应该把我伴侣的事情肯定下来。
I should like to have a day off, if I may.
如果可以的话，我想休假一天。
I should like to call my lawyer.
我希望给我的律师打个电话。
I should love to visit Turkey.
我非常向往土耳其。
【考点过关】
根据would like to do sth.; would like to have done sth.用法填空。
1. We would like to _______ (stay) longer that day, but we had to leave.
2. I should like to _______ (add) something important to what I have written previously.
3. I would like to _______ (live) in the eighteenth century.
4. That is very kind of you both, so I should like to _______ (come).
5. We would like to _______ (come) last week, but we were too busy then.
6. We would like to ______ (see) the person in charge of personnel now.
7. Is there anything you regret not having done or would like to ______ (do) differently at college
8. I’d like to ______ (go) now, but I ‘m awfully busy.
9. I would like to _______ (make) an important announcement at that time，but many people left without a word.
10. We would like to _______ (express) our gratitude to everyone for their hard work.
11. Yesterday, I would like to _______ (thank) you, however, I couldn’t find you anywhere.
12. We would like to ________ (apologize) for the delay.
13. Last Friday, I would like to _______ (book) the conference centre, but I was refused.
14. I’m open to suggestions for what you would like to ______ (do) in our classes.
15. I should like to _______ (do) the work with Mr. Wang during those days.
16. Lastly, I would like to _______ (thank) my parents for all their support.
17. We should like to _______ (see) his face at that moment.
18. Lastly, I would like to _______ (ask) about your future plans.
【参考答案】
1. have stayed; 2. add; 3. have lived; 4. come; 5. have come; 6. aee; 7. have done; 8. go; 9. have made; 10. express; 11. have thanked; 12. apologize; 13. have booked; 14. do; 15. have done; 16. thank; 17. have seen; 18. ask
●amount; quantity
【教材原句】
But personally, I think the inspiration for Storm might be the overwhelming amount of information in the digital age. (教材P42)
【辨析】
两者都可以表示数量，但用法有区别。
amount 意思是“数量；数额；总数”，做动词是“达到，相当，等同”的意思， 常构成以下短语：
①a huge/large amount of…./large amounts of….大量，许多，后面一般接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词根据amount来确定，如果amount 是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果amount是复数，谓语动词就用复数。
②amount to….达到；合计为；相当于，等于
quantity 意思是“数量； 大量”，常构成以下短语：
①a large quantity of…./large quantities of ……大量，后面既可以跟可数名词，也可以跟不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词根据quantity 的单复数来确定，如果quantity 是单数，谓语动词就用单数；如果quantity是复数，谓语动词就用复数。
②in quantity = in large quantities 大量地
【例句呈现】
The police found a quantity of drugs at his home.
警察在他家发现了大量毒品。
It is usually economical to buy washing powder in large quantities.
大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。
A large quantity of drugs was seized during the raid.
在这次突击行动中起获了大量毒品。
A swoop by customs officers netted a large quantity of drugs.
海关人员突然袭击，缉获大量毒品。
The Customs have seized large quantities of smuggled heroin.
海关查获了大量走私的海洛因。
It’s just very time consuming to get such a large quantity of data.
获取如此大量的数据非常费时。
Modern computers can organize large amounts of data very quickly.
现代计算机能迅速处理大量的信息资料。
There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
还有非常非常多的工作没有做。
Somewhere along the line a large amount of money went missing.
有一笔巨款在某一环节上不翼而飞。
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
The tank had leaked a small amount of water.
水箱渗漏出少量的水。
The total collection last week amounted to 250.
上周的募捐总额达250英镑。
【考点过关】
根据quantity和amount的用法填空。
1. A large quantity of air conditions ________ (sell) since the summer came.
2. It’s a pity that large quantities of wood ______ (waste) that way all over the world.
3. There _______ (be) a large quantity of rain in this area.
4. When you are travelling, don’t display large _______ of cash to others.
5. A large quantity of crops _________ (destroy) by the hurricane last week.
6. Large quantities of milk _______ (send) to the children in poor area the day before yesterday.
7. Large amounts of money _______ (spent) on building the bridge last year.
8. They buy cotton _______ quantity.
9. There _______ (be) only a small amount of food.
10. The villagers planted different kinds of trees _______ large quantities on the hill last year.
11. My income for that week amounted ________ &112.
12. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert _______ (cover) the land so far.
13. Keeping what belongs to another ______ (amount) to stealing.
14. With many forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ (wash) away each year.
15. Huge quantities of oil ________ (ship) to Japan last year.
【参考答案】
1. have been sold 2. have been wasted; 3. is; 4. amounts/quantities; 5. was destroyed; 6. were sent; 7. were spent; 8. in; 9. is; 10. in; 11. to; 12. has covered; 13. amounts; 14. are being washed; 15. were shipped
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