(共38张PPT)
人教新目标版 八年级下册
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room
Section A Grammar Focus-4c
Learning objectives
Knowledge objectives:
1. 熟练掌握以下词汇和短语
pass; borrow; lend; finger; hate; chore; while; pass me the salt;lend me some money.
2. 熟练掌握以下句型
1. Could I borrow that book
2. Could you lend me some money
3. I will finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.
Skill objectives:
1. 能掌握本课时重点词汇和句型，能用could礼貌地提出要求，能用could征询许可。
2. 能够掌握“Could you(please)……”用于礼貌地提出要求、表达意愿的用法,能够掌握“Could I …… 用于委婉地获取许可的用法及could的其他用法。
3. 通过4a和4b练习，进一步巩固知识。
Emotional objectives:
每个人在生活中都有可能遇到一些困惑或限制，懂得有礼貌地提出请求和许可。
Thinking quality objectives:
通过语法结构的学习,思考如何运用语法结构帮助我们提高英语的听、说、读、写的能力。
New words
pass[pɑ s; p s]
borrow[ b r ]
lend[lend]
finger[ f ɡ (r)]
hate[he t]
chore[t (r)]
while[wa l]
v. 给;递;走过;通过
v. 借;借用
v. (lent[lent])借给;借出
n. 手指
v. 厌恶;讨厌
n. 杂务;乏味无聊的工作
conj. 与…同时;当…的时候;而;然而
Read the words and expressions quickly on page 20.
Warm up
Watch a video.
What chores have you seen in the video
take out the rubbish/trash
sweep the floor
do/wash the dishes
clean the desk
make the bed
Review
Do you often help out around the house
Do you think it’s our duty to share the housework
Who do the most chores in your family
What housework/chores can you do at home
Free talk
Your room is in a mess. Your mom wants you to keep it cleaned tidy. What do you want mom to say
Clean your room!
Can you clean your room
Could you please clean your room
Could you please not put everything on the floor
can和could均可用来提出要求，但could要较为委婉、客气。 Could you please... 是一个礼貌、委婉地提出要求的句式，其后只要添加所要求内容即可，please后接动词原形。
Grammar Focus
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
Grammar focus
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can't. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
我可以和朋友出去吃饭吗？
当然，那应该没问题。
电影后我们能喝点什么吗？
不，你们不能。你们明天有一场篮球赛。
你能遛遛狗吗？
好的，但我想先看一个节目。
你能把垃圾倒了吗？
是的，当然。
Can you find the common features of these sentences
Grammar Focus
Grammar focus
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can't. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Can you find the common features of these sentences
ask for permission
make polite requests
肯定回答
&
否定回答
情态动词could的用法
could
eg：I could run fast when I was 10.我10岁时就能跑得很快。
Could you help me 你能帮我吗？
You could talk to your teacher now. 你现在可以和老师谈谈了。
He couldn’t be at the school last weekend. 上周末他不可能在学校。
can的过去式
礼貌的请求
提出建议
推测
本单元主要学习情态动词could可用于有礼貌地向对方提出要求或请求，也可用于提出建议。它本身不能作谓语，必须和不带to的动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词could的用法
语法概述
Could you please not put everything on the floor
Could you please put your toys in the box
情态动词could的用法
委婉请求别人做某事(make polite requests)。
肯定：“Culd you please do... ” 意为 “能请你…吗？”
否定：“Could you please not do... ” 意为 “能请你不…吗？”
Could you please put your toys in the box
肯定回答:
Yes, I can. / Yes, sure. / of course, I can.
All right. / Certainly./ No problem.
I’d love to./ With pleasure.
否定回答:
Sorry, I can’t. I have to...
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...
I’d love to, but I’m going to...
情态动词could的用法
注意：要用can, 不能用could哦。
Could we go out to have dinner
Could I watch TV
情态动词could的用法
委婉请求别人允许自己做某事 (ask for permission)。
“Could I/we do... ” 意为 “我能……吗？”
情态动词could的用法
Could we go out to have dinner
Could I watch TV
肯定回答:
Yes, you can.
Of course/sure, you can.
Yes, please.
否定回答:
Sorry, you can’t.
I’m afraid you can’t.
No, you can’t.
注意：要用can, 不能用could哦。
Could/Can I come in
表示请求允许（即请求别人允许自己做某事），could和can都可以用，但could语气更委婉。
—Could I use your pen —Of course you can.
对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.
1
2
情态动词could的用法
He couldn’t speak English 3 years ago.
l could swim when l was 8 years old.
could 表示过去的能力，表示现在的能力用can。此时could是can的过去式。
情态动词could的用法
she could not come to the party because she has a cold.
The train could be late because of the bad weather.
could表示推测，可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句。
A：Could you please……？
B：Yes, sure. / No problem!
All right! / Certainly!
A：Could you please……？
B：Sorry, I can't.
I have to… /I am going to….
Pair work
Work in pairs and make conversations between parents and kids.
4a
Write R for requests and P for permission.
1. ____ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
2. ____ Could you please pass me the salt
3. ____ Could I borrow that book
4. ____ Could you help me do the dishes
5. ____ Could you lend me some money
P
R
P
R
R
Then match each one with the correct response.
a. Yes, here you are.
b. Hmm. How much do you need
c. Yes, sure. No problem. I
finished reading it last night.
d. Yes, but don't come back too late.
e. No, I can't. I cut my finger and
I'm trying not to get it wet.
1. P-__ Could I hang out with my friends
after the movie
2. R-__ Could you please pass me the salt
3. P-__ Could I borrow that book
4. R-__ Could you help me do the dishes
5. R-__ Could you lend me some money
hang out with sb.和某人出去玩
pass sb. sth. 把某物递给某人
lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
d
a
c
e
b
4b
Fill in the blanks in the conversation.
A: I have to _____ chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.
A: Really Great! ______ I ask you to ______ me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: ______ you please _________ my clothes for me
B: I don't want to do that! It's boring!
A: OK. Then ______ you ______ do the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But ______ we go to the movies after that
A: Sure. I'll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we
can go to the movies.
do
Could
help
Could
fold/wash
could
please
could
不得不
while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
Role-play the conversation.
A: I have to do chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.
A: Really Great! Could I ask you to help me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: Could you please fold/wash my clothes for me
B: I don't want to do that! It's boring!
A: OK. Then could you please do the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But could we go to the movies after that
A: Sure. I'll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we
can go to the movies.
叠/洗我的衣服
洗餐具
去看电影
完成我的作业
4c
Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart.
To-do list Name
bring a tent Liu Chang
A: Could you please bring a tent,
Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could you please...
C: Sorry, I can't. I have to...
Ask and answer the questions in 4c.
A: Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could you please bring a camera, Mary
C: Sorry, I can't. I have to prepare some food and drinks.
D: I'd like to bring a camera. And could I prepare some cards We
can play a card game there.
A: That's a good idea. And I'll bring some matches and a flashlight.
Example
Summary
常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语:
委婉请求: Could you please+ do sth.
Could you+ do sth.
Would you please + do sth.
Would you + do sth.
肯定回答: Sure. /Of course. /No problem. /I'd love to.
否定回答: Sory./Sorry, I can’t / I'd love to, but……
⑴ 直接性的建议的句子: Let’s+do sth. 表示“让我们做某事”。(包括双方在内)
Let us+do sth. 表示“让我们做某事”。(不包括对方在内)
⑵ 表委婉性建议: Would/Do you mind (not) doing sth.你介意(不)做某事吗？
Shall we do sth. 我们做某事好吗？
⑶表征求性建议: What/How about+doing sth. 做某事怎么样？
⑷表劝告性建议:You had better (not) do sth. 你最好(不)要做某事。
=You’d better (not) do sth.
⑸ 表责备性建议:Why not do sth. 你/他们/我们为什么不做某事呢？
=Why don’t you/they/we do sth.
⑹表请求性建议: Would you like+短语/to do sth.？ 你愿意…吗？
Would/Could/Will you please+(not)do sth.请你(不)做某事好吗？
在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，主要结构有：
对于请求或提建议的句型常用的应答语有:
肯定回答:
Sure. / Certainly. / All right. / Of course, you can. /
Yes, please. / No problem. /I’d be glad to. / Good idea ....
否定回答:
No, thanks./I’m afraid you can’t./ You’d better not.
1. 洗餐具： do the dishes
2. 倒垃圾： take out the rubbish
3. 叠衣服： fold your clothes
4. 扫地： sweep the floor
5. 叠被子： make your bed
6. 打扫： clean the living room
7. 外出就餐： go out for dinner
8. 去看电影： go to the movies
9. 在外面呆到很晚： stay out late
10. 搭便车： get a ridey
11. 至少 at least
12. 随时，马上 any minute now
13. 用某人的电脑 use one's computer
14. 帮助做某事 help out with sth.
15.没问题 No problem.
16.相当干净和整洁 pretty clean and tidy
Language points
1. Could I at least finish watching this show (教材P18 2d)
finish的基本意思是“结束，完成”,表明已达到所做事情的终点。引申可表示“用光，吃光”“毕业”“杀掉”等。finish可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。
eg：You can’t go anywhere until you have finished your homework.
没完成家庭作业前你哪儿都不能去。
He finished reading the book before supper. 晚饭前他把这本书看完了。
跟finish一样，在与动词连用时，只能接动名词形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式的常见动词及短语有：
喜欢（enjoy）错过（miss）别介意（mind）,完成（finish）愉快（have fun）勤练习（practice）,忙得（be busy）禁不住（can't help）想放弃（give up）。
2. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess. (教材P18 2d)
mess作名词，意为“杂乱；不整洁”，常用短语。
eg：—Don't make a mess on the balcony, Betty. —Sorry, I won't.
All the rooms are in a mess.
【拓展延伸】 mess还可作动词，意为“使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱” 。
eg：I've put the books away. Please don't mess them up again.
make a mess 搞得一团糟（表示动作）
be in a mess 杂乱不堪；陷入困境（表示状态）
3. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie (教材P20 4a)
hang out为固定短语，意为“闲逛”，此时hang的过去式和过去分词均为hung。
eg：She is hanging out with her friends in the shopping mall.
她和朋友们在购物中心闲逛。
【拓展】 含hang的其他常见短语：
hang out 抓紧；别挂电话
hang up 挂断电话
hang together (观点等)前后一致
hang back 犹豫；留下，吞吞吐吐
4. Could you please pass me the salt (教材P20 4a)
pass在此处为及物动词，意为“给；递”。pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.，意为“把某物递给某人”。如果sth. 为代词，只能用pass sth. to sb. 结构。
eg：He passed me the magazine. = He passed the magazine to me.
This ball is Owen's. Please pass it to him.
【拓展】 pass作动词的其他常见含义：
eg：The road was so narrow that cars were unable to pass.
I was happy that I passed the exam.
The days passed slowly.
pass 意为“走过；通过”；“及格；合格”；“(时间) 过去；流逝”
5. Could I borrow that book (教材P20 4a)
Could you lend me some money (教材P20 4a)
【易混辨析】 borrow与lend
例词 含义 常用结构
borrow “借；借用”，指主语从别人处“借来”东西自己使用。 borrow sth. (from sb.)
（向某人）借某物
lend (lent, lent) “借给；借出”，指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
【拓展】keep也可表示“借”，是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep sth. for some time表示“借用某物一段时间”。而lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
【巧学妙记】主语借出用lend，主语借入用borrow，想要保存用keep。
eg：Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He told me that I could keep it for a week.
Homework
1. Do the exercises in students’ book.
2. Review the use of the modal verb “could”..
3. Preview Section B (1a-1e).
谢谢
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