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四川省泸州市部分中学2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Could you cook Christmas
dinner in an AIR FRYER
Graphic shows they deliver
juicy results on a roast chicken…and they are
up to three times cheaper than an oven to run.
WHICH APPLIANCE IS BEST
FOR COOKING CHICKEN
Appliance Electric oven Pressure cooker Air fryer Slow cooker Halogen oven
Cooking time 76mins 32mins 53mins 180mins 54mins
Energy used to cook 1. 157 kWh 0. 336 kWh 0. 54 kWh 0. 9 kWh 1. 166 kWh
Cost to cook 39p 11p 18p 31p 40p
Quality Meat was a little dry
but the skin was crispy and browned Cooked rather than roasted,
skin not crispy Juicy, flavorsome meat
with a crispy brown skin Well cooked but skin
only slightly crispy Full of flavor with a
crispy skin
The Which testers initially
cooked a three-pound (1.4 kg) chicken in all these appliances, including both a
halogen and conventional oven. This bird would be big enough to feed four people,
with enough meat left for some Boxing Day sandwiches. They found the pressure cooker
was both the cheapest and quickest way of roasting it, taking 32 minutes and costing
a tiny 11p – 28p cheaper than the electric oven. But unlike the oven, it fell short
on getting achieving one of the highlights of the Christmas roast – the brown, crispy
skin.
The air fryer also cooked
the chicken's skin nicely but gave perfect, tender meat, all for just 18p and in
under an hour. Additionally, if you ditched the oven and used an air fryer for every
Sunday roast for the rest of the year, using the gadget would equate to an annual
saving of 11.
The testers did note that
the chicken cooked in the electric oven was also a little dry, meaning the air fryer
came out on top over all other appliances.
The cost savings will soon
be lost if you have to cook more than one batch though, so it's still better to
use your oven if you're cooking large quantities.
However, the slow cooker
received a bonus point for requiring less hands-on attention, and was therefore
the most convenient.
1．Which appliance best suits environmentally-aware people enjoying a crispy chicken
A．Pressure cooker. B．Electric oven.
C．Halogen oven. D．Air fryer.
2．What is probably the major reason for people to use pressure cooker
A．Size. B．Appearance. C．Cost. D．Safety.
3．What is the advantage of using the slow cooker
A．It costs least money. B．It needs less attention.
C．It's most energy efficient. D．Its appearance is fashionable.
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Veteran Oksana Chusovitina
ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic
Games. After failing to secure a spot in Sunday's vault final, the 46-year-old,
representing Uzbekistan, waved to the small crowd inside Tokyo's Ariake Gymnastics
Center, made a heart shape with her hands and briefly cried.
Born in Uzbek capital Tashkent
in 1976, Chusovitina took up gymnastics at age 7, following her older brother into
the sport. "My mother did not want me to do gymnastics, she was worried about
me all the time. I wanted to prove to her that I was not doing it in vain, and I
think I eventually succeeded in that," Chusovitina once said of her childhood.
She made her Olympic debut
(首次亮相) at the 1992 Barcelona Games as part
of the gold medal-winning Unified team, comprised of (由……组成) athletes from former Soviet states.
She then represented Uzbekistan,
before being granted German citizenship in 2006. She took home a vault silver medal
at the 2008 Beijing Games for Germany, but switched back to competing for Uzbekistan
in 2013. Chusovitina is one of just two female gymnasts to represent three different
nations at the Olympic Games.
When Chusovitina's 3-year-old
son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize
money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship
was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.
After her son's recovery,
Chusovitina continued to compete, but this time it was her love of gymnastics that
kept her going. "There is no secret. I just love gymnastics and no one ever
forced me to compete. I do so with pleasure," she said.
With COVID-19 rules keeping
fans out of the venue, Chusovitina admitted the atmosphere wasn't what she had hoped.
"I would have loved to have spectators, she said. "Of course in terms
of performance, it's better when it's just you and the apparatus (器具). But every athlete needs this attention and applause. "
"Maybe Fil skip Paris
(2024 Games), and go to Los Angeles (2028 Games) for the applause," she joked.
At last, she told reporters, "My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time
with him. I want to be a mom."
4．What is implied about Chusovitina
A．She once took home a gold medal in her own right.
B．She started gymnastics to meet her mother's expectations.
C．She preferred no audience when performing during the pandemic.
D．She will probably not compete in the 2028 Olympic Games.
5．Why did Chusovitina choose to compete for German
A．Because she could secure a spot more easily in the Olympics.
B．Because it would guarantee her a lot of prize money.
C．Because it meant better medical treatment for her son.
D．Because she was granted German citizenship.
6．Which word can best describe Chusovitina as an athlete
A．Diligent. B．Perseverant. C．Talented. D．Ambitious.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．A Legend Athlete Fighting in the Olympics
B．Life of a Legend Athlete
C．A Legend Athlete, a Smashing Mother
D．A Record Breaker of the Olympics
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
One day, Lisa Holman told
her family she would be out that night visiting her friend, only about half an hour
drive from her house. So it was not alarming as the night grew on and she did not
arrive home. As 11 pm passed, her family began to worry. They called her but did
not get any answer. They then reached out to Lisa's friend, who said Lisa had left
to drive home at 9 that night.
The family thought about
calling the police that evening but the police typically don't define a person missing
unless there is no contact for 24 hours. The next morning there was still no sign
of Lisa. All the family could do was sit home and wait. Lisa's son decided to drive
along Lisa's route and carefully look for her. He found Lisa's car had crashed into
a tree. What's worse，there was no sign of Lisa
at all.
The family called the police.
The police began their search. But due to the heavy rain the search team was called
back. The family was very disappointed but still hopeful and continued the search
700 feet from Lisa's car, they finally found Lisa under a rock.
After a few days in hospital,
Lisa recovered. She explained that she passed out after her car slid off the road
in the rain. After she came to herself, Lisa managed to climb out of the car. While
walking to find help, Lisa was exhausted and unable to figure out the direction.
So she couldn't walk on and climbed under a rock as it started raining again. Scared
as she was, she turned to her faith in hopes of living to see her son again.
8．When should Lisa arrive home after visiting her friend
A．About 9 pm. B．About 9: 30 pm.
C．About 11 pm. D．The next morning.
9．Why did the family give up calling the police that night
A．The police usually refused to come at night.
B．The heavy rain had blocked all the roads up.
C．They thought Lisa would come back herself.
D．They had been out of touch with Lisa for less than a day.
10．Who found Lisa under the rock
A．The friend she had visited. B．A hiking team passing by.
C．The police search team. D．Lisa's family.
11．Why was Lisa unable to go home by herself
A．She was lost. B．Her legs were badly injured.
C．She was locked in her car. D．She was caught by heavy rain.
（2022高二上·成都期中）阅读理解
Kwanzaa may be a festival celebrated by
millions of African Americans and pan-Africans, but it has only been around for
a few decades (十年). Introduced to the United
States in 1966 as a ceremony to welcome the first harvest to the home, the
festival, which takes place from December 26 to January 1, is a celebration of
life, unity, family, and culture.
Featuring
feasts, music and dance, and a devotion and recommitment to different
principles (信条), the festival was created in the middle
of the Black Freedom Movement, at a time when it was felt that cultural
grounding was needed.
Dr.
Maulana Karenga, professor and chairman of Black Studies at California State
University in Long Beach, is responsible for bringing the festival to life.
After the Watts violence in L.A., Dr. Karenga searched for ways to strengthen
the African-American community. He paired the practices with traditions of
several different harvest celebrations on the African continent, and although
it is celebrated around the Christmas period, it perhaps has more similarities
to Thanksgiving or the Yam Festival in Ghana and Nigeria.
There
are five common sets of values that are central to the week-long activities:
ingathering, reverence, commemoration, recommitment, and celebration. There are
seven principles of Kwanzaa, meaning first fruits in Kiswahili, a language
spoken in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. The first fruit celebrations appear in
ancient and modern times in classical African civilizations.
These
seven principles are known as Umoja, meaning unity; kujichagulia,
self-determination; ujima, collective work, and responsibility; ujamaa,
cooperative economics; nia, purpose; kuumba, creativity; and Imani, faith.
There are seven candles used during the festival, and like, the Jewish
Hanukkah, these candles are used to represent the principles.
On
December 31, participants celebrate with a plentiful meal, often featuring good
meals from various African countries.
The
number of Americans who celebrate Kwanzaa has changed greatly over the years,
and with as many as six million getting involved in the 1980s, Kwanzaa became a
mainstream holiday. Now, however, numbers have paled, but it still remains an
important cultural touchstone (试金石) for many African
American communities.
12．What activity can be included during the celebration of Kwanzaa
A．Creating a piece of music. B．Having a plentiful meal.
C．Giving and receiving gifts. D．Enjoying an art exhibition.
13．How did Dr. Karenga bring Kwanzaa to life
A．He started the Watts violence in Los Angeles.
B．He created five common sets of values.
C．He found ways to practice African traditions.
D．He strengthened the unity of neighbors.
14．What can we infer about the celebration of Kwanzaa
A．Kwanzaa is a festival across the world.
B．Africans are considered important in the U.S.
C．Kwanzaa is an important cultural symbol.
D．Kwanzaa is less popular among young Africans.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A festival: The Culture Cross the World
B．African Americans: An Important Part of Americans
C．Principles: The Focus of a Festival
D．Kwanzaa: The African Celebration of Unity and Culture
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to boost your immune system
On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms. 16． Is it possible to fight the disease off What if you improve your diet Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations Or make other lifestyle changes
Now, researchers are exploring several factors, hoping to help you strengthen your immune system.
●Lifestyle
17． Following general good-health guidelines is the single best step you can take toward naturally keeping your immune system working properly. Every part of your body, including your immune system, functions better when protected from environmental assaults and boosted by healthy-living strategies.
●Diet
Like any fighting force, the immune system army marches on its stomach. 18． Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases.
●Stress
Modern medicine has come to appreciate the closely linked relationship of mind and body. A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress. 19．
●Exercise
Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living. 20． But does it help to boost your immune system naturally and keep it healthy Just like a healthy diet, exercise can contribute to general good health and therefore to a healthy immune system.
A. Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle.
B. But sometimes it fails: A virus then invades and makes you sick.
C. Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment.
D. Scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function.
E. That doesn't mean the effects of lifestyle on the immune system shouldn't be studied.
F. It lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases.
G. Despite the difficulties in measuring the relationship of vitamins to immunity, scientists are making progress.
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was 40, with two
adorable children and a caring husband. And I'm enjoying a challenging but 21． career. Although this is
"success", sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly
am.
The chaos of the
family kitchen was 22． : the noise of the kettle, pots and
dishes, and the conversation 23． while I'm making breakfast. I
escaped 24． to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the
self that is 25． from the children and wonder who that person
might be.
So, I journeyed, for
the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to
26． in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of
walking would help me better 27． who I wanted to be. For 6
days, I was absorbed in wild scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland
rise black and tall into the heavens against the white snow. Looking outside at
wild wind and rain and knowing there's no decision to make 28． the soul. Climbing a mountain
against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal 29． me how little I actually
needed and how strong I felt 30． uncomfortable.
I found 31． in Iceland, and time to
consider "the me" outside career and kids as I shared stories with
strangers with no 32． past and no expected future. When I stopped
talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my 33． changed—I became more
generous. I learned generosity can 34． more space and more warmth 35． when there may not seem
enough to go around at first glance.
I came home to 36． , chaos and love. I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the
top of a mountain or inside my head, however 37． I try to hear; and it isn't
in conversations with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with
every step on my own life's 38． .
I'm not finding
myself, but I'm creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the
quietness. 39． is built under a heavy load. I'm expecting to
pick up all of my loads and travel 40． .
21．A．disastrous B．fun C．dull D．tough
22．A．comforting B．approving C．disturbing D．appealing
23．A．demands B．solutions C．assumptions D．references
24．A．originally B．apparently C．potentially D．briefly
25．A．separate B．accessible C．different D．mixed
26．A．volunteer B．hike C．settle D．wander
27．A．understand B．picture C．suppose D．question
28．A．trapped B．replaced C．freed D．drove
29．A．warned B．reminded C．consulted D．promised
30．A．as if B．even though C．so D．when
31．A．confidence B．value C．silence D．happiness
32．A．shared B．painful C．troubled D．glorious
33．A．concern B．attitude C．life D．appearance
34．A．advocate B．shoulder C．launch D．create
35．A．indeed B．just C．only D．even
36．A．doubt B．noise C．peace D．experience
37．A．specifically B．casually C．hard D．randomly
38．A．design B．pattern C．path D．belief
39．A．Pleasure B．Strength C．Spirit D．Pressure
40．A．aside B．off C．back D．on
四、语法填空(共10小题：每小題1. 5分，满分15分)
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our government has raised the child limit for couples from two to three as the country experiences lower birth rates. For many years, China applied a one-child policy as a way 41． (control) the population. But that policy 42． (replace) in 2016 by a two-child limit. That change was aimed at raising the number of births 43． (gradual). But birth rates have further decreased in recent years as the cost of raising children in Chinese cities remains high.
The latest measure to permit three children per family is meant "to actively deal 44． the aging population," the official Xinhua News Agency reported. The policy includes what the government calls "supportive measures", 45． makes it easier for families to have more children of 46． (they) own. The measures include plans to lower educational costs for families and increase tax and housing support. The government also said it would seek to educate young people "on 47． (marry) and love."
Economists say that China faces concerns that it could grow old before it gets 48． (wealth). The Chinese population of 1. 4 billion was expected to reach a high later this decade before starting to drop. 49． , recent government data suggested that is happening 50． (fast) than expected.
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Today, carnival in Venice
is celebrating for five days in February. People arrive from all over Europe enjoy
its fun. Hotels are full booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful
costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main language. But the spirit
of Venice carnival is not quite the same like the great American carnivals. If the
key to Rio are music and movement, then in the Venice it is the mystery of masks.
As you wander through the streets, you saw thousands of masks, but you have no idea
that the faces behind them look like. Nobody takes it off. If the masks come off,
the magic is lost.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假如你是校学生会主席李华，你校要举办一次汉服（Hanfu）表演。请你写一封电子邮件邀请在你市做交换生的英国好友Chris观看演出。内容包括：
1）发出邀请；2）演出时间，地点和目的；3）建议他上网搜索，简要了解汉服。
注意：
1）词数100 左右；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Mr. Chris,
I'm Li Hua, chairman of
student union.
……
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，通过烹饪时间，耗能，成本和质量等它方面来描述几种烹饪鸡肉的电器。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。由表格可知，高压锅耗费能量最少，但根据表格Quality一行“Cooked rather than roasted, skin not crispy ”熟的而不是烤的，皮不脆。可知高压锅无法实现烤鸡的酥脆外皮，所以排除A；其次是空气炸锅耗能量较少，根据表格的Quality一行“Juicy, flavorsome meat with a crispy brown skin ”多汁可口的肉，外皮呈脆棕色。可知，空气炸锅做出来的烤鸡外皮是酥脆的，所以对于那些享受脆皮鸡的环保人士来说，空气炸锅最合适。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据表格下的第一段中的“They found the pressure cooker was both the cheapest and quickest way of roasting it, taking 32 minutes and costing a tiny 11p – 28p cheaper than the electric oven. ”他们发现高压锅是最便宜和最快的烘烤方式，耗时32分钟，成本比电炉便宜11便士–28便士。可知，人们使用高压锅主要可能因为便宜。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“However, the slow cooker received a bonus point for requiring less hands-on attention, and was therefore the most convenient. ”慢炖锅由于需要较少的动手注意力而获得加分，因此是最方便的。可知，慢炖锅的优势是需要较少的关注。故选B。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．B
7．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了体操运动员Chusovitina的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.”周日晚上，老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜结束了她传奇的职业生涯，她曾创纪录地第八次参加奥运会；以及最后一段中的“‘Maybe I'll skip Paris (2024 Games), and go to Los Angeles (2028 Games) for the applause,' she joked.”她开玩笑说：“也许我会不去巴黎(2024年奥运会)，去洛杉矶(2028年奥运会)，只为赢得掌声。可知，Chusovitina已经退休，她可能不会参加2028年奥运会。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.”她加入德国国籍的动机是有更高的收入和更好的医疗保障。可知，Chusovitina加入德国队是为了给孩子更好的医疗。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games. After failing to secure a spot in Sunday's vault final, the 46-year-old, representing Uzbekistan, waved to the small crowd inside Tokyo's Ariake Gymnastics Center, made a heart shape with her hands and briefly cried.”周日晚上，老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜结束了她传奇的职业生涯，她已经创纪录地参加了八次奥运会。在未能在周日的跳马决赛中获得席位后，这位代表乌兹别克斯坦的46岁选手向东京有明体操中心(Ariake Gymnastics Center)内的一小群观众挥手，用手做了个心形，并短暂地哭了一场；以及第六段中的“After her son's recovery, Chusovitina continued to compete”在儿子康复后，丘索维金娜继续参加比赛。可知，Chusovitina作为运动员一直坚持在体操赛场上比赛，她是一个坚持不懈的人。故选B。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.”周日晚上，老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜结束了她传奇的职业生涯，她已经创纪录地参加了八次奥运会；第五段“When Chusovitina's 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.”当丘索维金娜3岁的儿子在2002年被诊断出患有白血病时，她卖掉了所有的财产，用自己挣来的奖金支付了儿子的医疗费用。她加入德国国籍的动机是有更高的收入和更好的医疗保障；以及最后一段中的“At last, she told reporters,‘My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him. I want to be a mom.'”最后，她告诉记者：“我儿子22岁了，我想和他在一起。我想当妈妈。”可知，本文以Chusovitina退休事件引入，描述了她作为运动员和妈妈两个身份与她所从事的体操的故事，“一位传奇运动员，一位极好的母亲”适合做文章的标题。故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．D
11．A
【知识点】细节理解题；记叙文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lisa到朋友家拜访，回程路上车在雨中滑出路面后，她晕了过去。苏醒过来后，她设法从车里爬了出来。走着去找人的时候已经筋疲力尽，连方向都不知道了，无法回家。她的家人和警方经过不懈努力找到了她。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One day, Lisa Holman told her family she would be out that night visiting her friend, only about half an hour drive from her house. ”有一天，Lisa Holman告诉家人，她当晚要出去拜访朋友，她家离朋友家只有大约半小时的车程。可知Lisa家与朋友家车程约半小时；以及“They then reached out to Lisa's friend, who said Lisa had left to drive home at 9 that night.”然后他们联系了Lisa的朋友，她说Lisa那天晚上9点开车回家了。可知Lisa晚上9:00离开朋友家，所以她本应该在9:30到家，故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The family thought about calling the police that evening but the police typically don't define a person missing unless there is no contact for 24 hours. ”当晚他们想报警，但警方通常不会认定一个人失踪，除非24小时内没有联系。由此可知24小时内没有联系，警方不会认定失踪处理，所以他们放弃了报警是因为Lisa失踪还不足一天，故选D。
10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The family was very disappointed but still hopeful and continued the search. 700 feet from Lisa's car, they finally found Lisa under a rock.”这家人很失望，但仍然满怀希望地继续寻找。在离Lisa的车700英尺的地方，他们终于在一块岩石下找到了Lisa。可知是Lisa的家人在一块岩石下找到了她。故选D。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“She explained that she passed out after her car slid off the road in the rain. After she came to herself, Lisa managed to climb out of the car. While walking to find help, Lisa was exhausted and unable to figure out the direction.”她解释说，她的车在雨中滑出路面后，她晕了过去。Lisa苏醒过来后，设法从车里爬了出来。走着去找人的时候，Lisa已经筋疲力尽，连方向都不知道了。可知Lisa无法自己回家是因为她迷路了，故选A。
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．C
15．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。介绍了非裔美国人和泛非洲人的宽扎节。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Featuring feasts, music and dance, and a devotion and recommitment to different principles (信条), the festival was created in the middle of the Black Freedom Movement, at a time when it was felt that cultural grounding was needed.”这个节日的特色是盛宴、音乐和舞蹈，以及对不同原则的献身和重新承诺，它诞生于黑人自由运动(Black Freedom Movement)中期，当时人们认为需要文化基础。可知，宽扎节的庆祝活动盛宴、音乐和舞蹈，对比选项。故选B。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Dr. Maulana Karenga, professor and chairman of Black Studies at California State University in Long Beach, is responsible for bringing the festival to life. After the Watts violence in L.A., Dr. Karenga searched for ways to strengthen the African-American community.”加州州立大学长滩分校黑人研究教授兼主席Maulana Karenga博士负责让这个节日变得活跃起来。洛杉矶瓦茨暴力事件发生后，卡伦加博士寻找加强非裔美国人社区的方法。可知，卡伦加博士加强了邻居们的团结让宽扎节活跃起来。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据第四段“There are five common sets of values that are central to the week-long activities: ingathering, reverence, commemoration, recommitment, and celebration. There are seven principles of Kwanzaa, meaning first fruits in Kiswahili, a language spoken in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. The first fruit celebrations appear in ancient and modern times in classical African civilizations.”在为期一周的活动中，有五套共同的价值观是中心:聚集、尊敬、纪念、重新承诺和庆祝。宽扎节有七个原则，在肯尼亚、乌干达和坦桑尼亚使用的斯瓦希里语中，宽扎节意味着第一批果实。最早的水果庆典出现在古代和现代的古典非洲文明中。可知，宽扎节有五套共同的价值观，有七个原则，所以我们能从宽扎节的庆祝活动中推断出宽扎节是一个重要的文化象征。故选C。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Kwanzaa may be a festival celebrated by millions of African Americans and pan-Africans, but it has only been around for a few decades. Introduced to the United States in 1966 as a ceremony to welcome the first harvest to the home, the festival, which takes place from December 26 to January 1, is a celebration of life, unity, family, and culture.”宽扎节可能是数百万非裔美国人和泛非洲人庆祝的节日，但它只有几十年的历史。这个节日于1966年传入美国，作为欢迎第一次丰收的仪式，从12月26日举行到1月1日，是庆祝生命、团结、家庭和文化的节日。可知，本文主要介绍宽扎节，而宽扎节是庆祝生命、团结、家庭和文化的节日。“宽扎节:非洲人庆祝团结和文化的节日”适合做文章的标题，故选D。
【答案】16．B；17．A；18．C；19．D；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何增强你的免疫系统。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms."总的来说，你的免疫系统在保护你免受致病微生物侵害方面做得很好；以及空后"What if you improve your diet Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations Or make other lifestyle changes "如果你改善你的饮食呢 服用某些维生素或草药 或者改变其他的生活方式？B. But sometimes it fails: A virus then invades and makes you sick."但有时它会失败：一种病毒随后入侵并使你生病。"，位于空格处起到承上启下的作用，说明正是因为免疫系统有时会失败，所以才会有空格后一系列的措施来改善免疫系统，故选B。
17．根据本段小标题"Lifestyle"生活方式，可知，本段主要讲的是要有健康的生活方式，它有助于增强免疫力， A. Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle. "你的第一道防线是选择一种健康的生活方式。"和小标题相呼应，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
18．根据本段小标题是"Diet"饮食，因此本段主要讲饮食和免疫系统的关系；以及空后"Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases."科学家们早就认识到，生活贫困和营养不良的人更容易感染传染病。因此免疫系统需要好的营养，C. Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment."健康的免疫系统战士需要良好的、有规律的营养。"和小标题相符合，在空格处承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
19．根据本段小标题是"Stress"压力，因此本段主要讲的是压力和免疫系统之间的关系；以及空前"A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress."很多疾病，包括肠胃不适，甚至心脏病，都与情绪紧张有关。 D. Scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function. "科学家们正在积极研究压力和免疫功能之间的关系。"和小标题相呼应，且承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空前"Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living."有规律的锻炼是健康生活的支柱之一。F. It lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases."它可以降低血压，帮助控制体重，预防各种疾病。"中的It指代前面的Regular exercise，且承接上文，说明了锻炼的好处，符合语境，故选F。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．A；33．B；34．D；35．D；36．B；37．C；38．C；39．B；40．D
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了一个40岁的女士，因为家庭烦杂的家务和家人的嘈杂使得她想逃离，于是她就为了更好的去了解自己想做什么样的人，就和朋友一起去徒步旅行。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我很喜欢这份有挑战又有趣的工作。A. disastrous"灾难的"；B. fun"有趣的"；C. dull"枯燥的"；D. tough"艰难的"。根据空前"I'm enjoying a challenging but"可知，下文要用和challenging相反的意思的形容词来描述作者对她的工作的态度，作者很喜欢的工作，应该是很有趣的。故选B。
22．句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. comforting"令人安慰的"；B. approving"支持的"；C. disturbing"令人不安的"；D. appealing"吸引人的"。根据下文"I escaped 4 to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is 5 from the children and wonder who that person might be."可知，作者不喜欢这样的生活状况，所以厨房里的混乱令她不安。故选C。
23．句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. demands"需求，要求"；B. solutions"解决"；C. assumptions"假设"；D. references"参考"。根据下文"Only in silence do I bear the self"可知，作者想要安静，说明她平时得不到安静，所以她生活中应该是对谈话有要求。故选A。
24．句意：我只能短时间地逃到我的卧室。A. originally"原始地"；B. apparently"明显地"；C. potentially"潜在地"；D. briefly"短时间地"。根据空后"to my bedroom"可知，作者逃到她的卧室来远离令人不安的家庭琐事只是暂时的行为。故选D。
25．句意：只有在沉默中，我才能承受与孩子们分离的自我，并想知道那个人可能是谁。A. separate"分离的"；B. accessible"可到达的"；C. different"不同的"；D. mixed"混合的"。根据空后"wonder who that person might be"可知，此处是指脱离孩子们作者是一个什么样的人。故选A。
26．句意：我和一个朋友去冰岛徒步旅行。A. volunteer"自愿"；B. hike"徒步"；C. settle"定居"；D. wander"漫步"。根据下文"I hoped the consideration of walking would help me"可知，作者是在那里徒步旅行。故选B。
27．句意：我希望对走路的考虑能帮助我更好地了解我想成为什么样的人。A. understand"了解，理解"；B. picture"描绘"；C. suppose"假设"；D. question"问题"。根据上文"wonder who that person might be"可知，作者一直想知道自己离开了家人会成为什么样的人，所以在外旅游期间就可以好好的思考并了解一下。故选A。
28．句意：看着外面的狂风暴雨，并知道不需要做决定，我的灵魂得到了释放。A. trapped"设陷阱"；B. replaced"代替"；C. freed"释放"；D. drove"开车"。根据空前"Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there's no decision to make"可知，作者的状态是很放松的，所以是释放了灵魂，让灵魂自由了。故选C。
29．句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. warned"警告"；B. reminded"提醒"；C. consulted"咨询"；D. promised"承诺"。根据空后"how little I actually needed and how strong I felt 10 uncomfortable."可知，这是作者意识到的内容，就好像是在提醒她自己。故选B。
30．句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. as if"好像"；B. even though"尽管"；C. so"因此"；D. when"当……时候"。根据空前"how strong I felt"可知，这是作者在她自己不舒服的时候的感受。故选D。
31．句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的"我"，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. confidence"自信"；B. value"价值"；C. silence"沉默，寂静"；D. happiness"快乐"。根据上文"Only in silence do I bear the self that is 5 from the children and."可知，作者一直想要寻找的就是这份安静。故选C。
32．句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的"我"，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. shared"分享的"；B. painful"痛苦的"；C. troubled"有麻烦的"；D. glorious"荣耀的"。根据空前"shared stories with strangers"可知，作者和陌生人之间是没有共同可分享的过去的。故选A。
33．句意：当我不说话，仅仅听的时候，我吃惊的发现我的态度改变了——我变得更加的大方了。A. concern"关心"；B. attitude"态度"；C. life"生活"；D. appearance"出现，外貌"。根据空后"I became more generous"可知，这是作者的态度改变了。故选B。
34．句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. advocate"倡导"；B. shoulder"承担"；C. launch"发射"；D. create"创造"。根据空后"more space and more warmth 15 when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance."可知，更多的空间和温暖是大方创造出来的。故选D。
35．句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. indeed"确实"；B. just"仅仅"；C. only"仅仅"；D. even"甚至"。根据空后"when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance."可知，这句话是和上文是递进的关系。故选D。
36．句意：我回到嘈杂，混乱和爱的家。A. doubt"怀疑"；B. noise"嘈杂"；C. peace"使和平"；D. experience"经历"。根据上文"The chaos of the family kitchen was 2 : the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation 3 while I'm making breakfast."可知，作者的家里充满了嘈杂，混乱和爱。故选B。
37．句意：我知道，无论我多么努力的去听，答案不是在山顶上等待，也不是在我的脑海里等待。A. specifically"确切地说"；B. casually"随意地"；C. hard"努力"；D. randomly"随机地"。根据上文"I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head,"可知，作者无论多么努力地去听，答案都不在那些地方。故选C。
38．句意：答案就在我面前自己走的人生路的每一步。A. design"设计"；B. pattern"类型"；C. path"路"；D. belief"信念"。根据空前"in front of me with every step"可知，这是指作者走的人生路上的每一步。故选C。
39．句意：力量在重担下被创造。A. Pleasure"快乐"；B. Strength"力量"；C. Spirit"精神"；D. Pressure"压力"。根据空后"is built under a heavy load."可知，在负重的情况下被创造的应该是力量。故选B。
40．句意：我打算带上所有的东西继续旅行。A. aside"一边"；B. off"离开"；C. back"回来"；D. on"继续"。根据空前"I'm expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel"可知，作者期待的是带上所有的东西继续旅行。故选D。
【答案】41．to control；42．was replaced；43．gradually；44．with；45．which；46．their；47．marriage；48．wealthy；49．However或Nevertheless；50．faster
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国的生育政策。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，副词，介词，定语从句，代词，名词，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：多年来，中国一直实行独生子女政策来控制人口。修饰名词way需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to control。
42．句意：但这项政策在2016年被二胎限制所取代。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2016可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语policy和replace为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was replaced。
43．句意：这一改变旨在逐步提高出生率。修饰动词raising需用副词作状语。故填gradually。
44．句意：据官方的新华社报道，允许每户生三个孩子的最新措施是为了"积极应对人口老龄化"。deal with固定短语，"处理，应对"。故填with。
45．句意：这项政策包括政府所说的"支持性措施"，这使得家庭更容易拥有更多的孩子。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
46．句意：这项政策包括政府所说的"支持性措施"，这使得家庭更容易拥有更多的孩子。of one's own固定短语，"某人自己的"。故填their。
47．句意：政府还表示，它将寻求对年轻人进行"婚姻和爱情"教育。空处和"love"并列，需填名词作介词on的宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填marriage。
48．句意：经济学家说，中国面临着未富先老的担忧。gets为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。故填wealthy。
49．句意：然而，最近的政府数据显示，这一变化的速度比预期的要快。上下文之间是转折关系，空处表示"然而"，且与后面的句子用逗号隔开，需填副词however/nevertheless，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
50．句意：然而，最近的政府数据显示，这一变化的速度比预期的要快。空处需填副词作状语修饰动词is happening，结合空后的"than"可知，此处为副词比较级。故填faster。
51．【答案】①celebrating →celebrated ②enjoy前加to ③full →fully ④language →languages ⑤like →as ⑥are →is ⑦去掉the ⑧saw →see ⑨that →what ⑩it →them
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了威尼斯的狂欢节期间会看到的景象。
（1）句意：如今，威尼斯的狂欢节会在2月持续5天。carnival in Venice与celebrate为被动关系，因此这里用过去分词构成被动语态。故celebrating改成celebrated。
（2）句意：人们从欧洲各地到来这里享受它的乐趣。动词不定式表示目的。故在enjoy前加to。
（3）句意：旅馆全订满了，狭窄的街道上挤满了穿着奇装异服的人。分析句子结构可知，应用副词修饰be booked。故full改成fully。
（4）句意：德语、法语和英语似乎是主要语言。根据句意可知，此处有三种语言，language可数，因此此处为复数。故language改成languages。
（5）句意：但威尼斯狂欢节的精神与美国的狂欢节不太一样。the same as固定短语，"与……一样"，故like改成as。
（6）句意：如果说里约热内卢的关键在于音乐和舞步，那么在威尼斯则是神秘的面具。名词the key作主语，谓语动词用单数。故are改为is。
（7）句意：如果说里约热内卢的关键在于音乐和舞步，那么在威尼斯则是神秘的面具。威尼斯只有一个，因此不需要特指。故去掉the。
（8）句意：当你在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道它们背后的脸看起来像什么。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故saw改成see。
（9）句意：当你在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道它们背后的脸看起来像什么。分析句子结构可知，look like缺少宾语，指物，因此此处用what引导同位语从句。故that改成what。
（10）句意：没人会把面具摘下来。根据句意可知，此处代词应代指面具，根据上文" As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks, but you have no idea that the faces behind them look like."当你在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道它们背后的脸看起来像什么。可知，面具不止一个。故it改成them。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及语态，非谓语动词，副词，名词，介词，主谓一致，冠词，时态，同位语从句以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】Dear Mr. Chris,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Students Union. Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am more than delighted to invite you to enjoy a show which will be hosted by our school. The details about it are as follows.
In order to enrich our school life and promote traditional Chinese culture, a Hanfu performance will be held at 9:00 a. m. next Saturday in the hall of our school. It will be a great show played by senior two students dressed in Hanfu. There is no doubt that it will be a visual feast. Therefore, would you please be so kind as to surf the Internet for the introduction of Hanfu, which will be helpful to appreciate the show
I'd appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以校学生会主席李华的身份 ，写一封电子邮件邀请在你市做交换生的英国好友Chris观看演出 。写作背景： 你校要举办一次汉服（Hanfu）表演。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）发出邀请；2）演出时间，地点和目的；3）建议他上网搜索，简要了解汉服。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am more than delighted to invite you to enjoy a show which will be hosted by our school. 运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句，不定式作原因状语；In order to enrich our school life and promote traditional Chinese culture, a Hanfu performance will be held at 9:00 a. m. next Saturday in the hall of our school.运用了被动语态；There is no doubt that it will be a visual feast. 运用了同位语从句；Therefore, would you please be so kind as to surf the Internet for the introduction of Hanfu, which will be helpful to appreciate the show 运用了非限制性定语从句；I'd appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.运用了固定句式I'd appreciate it if...。
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四川省泸州市部分中学2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Could you cook Christmas
dinner in an AIR FRYER
Graphic shows they deliver
juicy results on a roast chicken…and they are
up to three times cheaper than an oven to run.
WHICH APPLIANCE IS BEST
FOR COOKING CHICKEN
Appliance Electric oven Pressure cooker Air fryer Slow cooker Halogen oven
Cooking time 76mins 32mins 53mins 180mins 54mins
Energy used to cook 1. 157 kWh 0. 336 kWh 0. 54 kWh 0. 9 kWh 1. 166 kWh
Cost to cook 39p 11p 18p 31p 40p
Quality Meat was a little dry
but the skin was crispy and browned Cooked rather than roasted,
skin not crispy Juicy, flavorsome meat
with a crispy brown skin Well cooked but skin
only slightly crispy Full of flavor with a
crispy skin
The Which testers initially
cooked a three-pound (1.4 kg) chicken in all these appliances, including both a
halogen and conventional oven. This bird would be big enough to feed four people,
with enough meat left for some Boxing Day sandwiches. They found the pressure cooker
was both the cheapest and quickest way of roasting it, taking 32 minutes and costing
a tiny 11p – 28p cheaper than the electric oven. But unlike the oven, it fell short
on getting achieving one of the highlights of the Christmas roast – the brown, crispy
skin.
The air fryer also cooked
the chicken's skin nicely but gave perfect, tender meat, all for just 18p and in
under an hour. Additionally, if you ditched the oven and used an air fryer for every
Sunday roast for the rest of the year, using the gadget would equate to an annual
saving of 11.
The testers did note that
the chicken cooked in the electric oven was also a little dry, meaning the air fryer
came out on top over all other appliances.
The cost savings will soon
be lost if you have to cook more than one batch though, so it's still better to
use your oven if you're cooking large quantities.
However, the slow cooker
received a bonus point for requiring less hands-on attention, and was therefore
the most convenient.
1．Which appliance best suits environmentally-aware people enjoying a crispy chicken
A．Pressure cooker. B．Electric oven.
C．Halogen oven. D．Air fryer.
2．What is probably the major reason for people to use pressure cooker
A．Size. B．Appearance. C．Cost. D．Safety.
3．What is the advantage of using the slow cooker
A．It costs least money. B．It needs less attention.
C．It's most energy efficient. D．Its appearance is fashionable.
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，通过烹饪时间，耗能，成本和质量等它方面来描述几种烹饪鸡肉的电器。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。由表格可知，高压锅耗费能量最少，但根据表格Quality一行“Cooked rather than roasted, skin not crispy ”熟的而不是烤的，皮不脆。可知高压锅无法实现烤鸡的酥脆外皮，所以排除A；其次是空气炸锅耗能量较少，根据表格的Quality一行“Juicy, flavorsome meat with a crispy brown skin ”多汁可口的肉，外皮呈脆棕色。可知，空气炸锅做出来的烤鸡外皮是酥脆的，所以对于那些享受脆皮鸡的环保人士来说，空气炸锅最合适。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据表格下的第一段中的“They found the pressure cooker was both the cheapest and quickest way of roasting it, taking 32 minutes and costing a tiny 11p – 28p cheaper than the electric oven. ”他们发现高压锅是最便宜和最快的烘烤方式，耗时32分钟，成本比电炉便宜11便士–28便士。可知，人们使用高压锅主要可能因为便宜。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“However, the slow cooker received a bonus point for requiring less hands-on attention, and was therefore the most convenient. ”慢炖锅由于需要较少的动手注意力而获得加分，因此是最方便的。可知，慢炖锅的优势是需要较少的关注。故选B。
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Veteran Oksana Chusovitina
ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic
Games. After failing to secure a spot in Sunday's vault final, the 46-year-old,
representing Uzbekistan, waved to the small crowd inside Tokyo's Ariake Gymnastics
Center, made a heart shape with her hands and briefly cried.
Born in Uzbek capital Tashkent
in 1976, Chusovitina took up gymnastics at age 7, following her older brother into
the sport. "My mother did not want me to do gymnastics, she was worried about
me all the time. I wanted to prove to her that I was not doing it in vain, and I
think I eventually succeeded in that," Chusovitina once said of her childhood.
She made her Olympic debut
(首次亮相) at the 1992 Barcelona Games as part
of the gold medal-winning Unified team, comprised of (由……组成) athletes from former Soviet states.
She then represented Uzbekistan,
before being granted German citizenship in 2006. She took home a vault silver medal
at the 2008 Beijing Games for Germany, but switched back to competing for Uzbekistan
in 2013. Chusovitina is one of just two female gymnasts to represent three different
nations at the Olympic Games.
When Chusovitina's 3-year-old
son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize
money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship
was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.
After her son's recovery,
Chusovitina continued to compete, but this time it was her love of gymnastics that
kept her going. "There is no secret. I just love gymnastics and no one ever
forced me to compete. I do so with pleasure," she said.
With COVID-19 rules keeping
fans out of the venue, Chusovitina admitted the atmosphere wasn't what she had hoped.
"I would have loved to have spectators, she said. "Of course in terms
of performance, it's better when it's just you and the apparatus (器具). But every athlete needs this attention and applause. "
"Maybe Fil skip Paris
(2024 Games), and go to Los Angeles (2028 Games) for the applause," she joked.
At last, she told reporters, "My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time
with him. I want to be a mom."
4．What is implied about Chusovitina
A．She once took home a gold medal in her own right.
B．She started gymnastics to meet her mother's expectations.
C．She preferred no audience when performing during the pandemic.
D．She will probably not compete in the 2028 Olympic Games.
5．Why did Chusovitina choose to compete for German
A．Because she could secure a spot more easily in the Olympics.
B．Because it would guarantee her a lot of prize money.
C．Because it meant better medical treatment for her son.
D．Because she was granted German citizenship.
6．Which word can best describe Chusovitina as an athlete
A．Diligent. B．Perseverant. C．Talented. D．Ambitious.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．A Legend Athlete Fighting in the Olympics
B．Life of a Legend Athlete
C．A Legend Athlete, a Smashing Mother
D．A Record Breaker of the Olympics
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．B
7．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了体操运动员Chusovitina的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.”周日晚上，老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜结束了她传奇的职业生涯，她曾创纪录地第八次参加奥运会；以及最后一段中的“‘Maybe I'll skip Paris (2024 Games), and go to Los Angeles (2028 Games) for the applause,' she joked.”她开玩笑说：“也许我会不去巴黎(2024年奥运会)，去洛杉矶(2028年奥运会)，只为赢得掌声。可知，Chusovitina已经退休，她可能不会参加2028年奥运会。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.”她加入德国国籍的动机是有更高的收入和更好的医疗保障。可知，Chusovitina加入德国队是为了给孩子更好的医疗。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games. After failing to secure a spot in Sunday's vault final, the 46-year-old, representing Uzbekistan, waved to the small crowd inside Tokyo's Ariake Gymnastics Center, made a heart shape with her hands and briefly cried.”周日晚上，老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜结束了她传奇的职业生涯，她已经创纪录地参加了八次奥运会。在未能在周日的跳马决赛中获得席位后，这位代表乌兹别克斯坦的46岁选手向东京有明体操中心(Ariake Gymnastics Center)内的一小群观众挥手，用手做了个心形，并短暂地哭了一场；以及第六段中的“After her son's recovery, Chusovitina continued to compete”在儿子康复后，丘索维金娜继续参加比赛。可知，Chusovitina作为运动员一直坚持在体操赛场上比赛，她是一个坚持不懈的人。故选B。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.”周日晚上，老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜结束了她传奇的职业生涯，她已经创纪录地参加了八次奥运会；第五段“When Chusovitina's 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.”当丘索维金娜3岁的儿子在2002年被诊断出患有白血病时，她卖掉了所有的财产，用自己挣来的奖金支付了儿子的医疗费用。她加入德国国籍的动机是有更高的收入和更好的医疗保障；以及最后一段中的“At last, she told reporters,‘My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him. I want to be a mom.'”最后，她告诉记者：“我儿子22岁了，我想和他在一起。我想当妈妈。”可知，本文以Chusovitina退休事件引入，描述了她作为运动员和妈妈两个身份与她所从事的体操的故事，“一位传奇运动员，一位极好的母亲”适合做文章的标题。故选C。
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
One day, Lisa Holman told
her family she would be out that night visiting her friend, only about half an hour
drive from her house. So it was not alarming as the night grew on and she did not
arrive home. As 11 pm passed, her family began to worry. They called her but did
not get any answer. They then reached out to Lisa's friend, who said Lisa had left
to drive home at 9 that night.
The family thought about
calling the police that evening but the police typically don't define a person missing
unless there is no contact for 24 hours. The next morning there was still no sign
of Lisa. All the family could do was sit home and wait. Lisa's son decided to drive
along Lisa's route and carefully look for her. He found Lisa's car had crashed into
a tree. What's worse，there was no sign of Lisa
at all.
The family called the police.
The police began their search. But due to the heavy rain the search team was called
back. The family was very disappointed but still hopeful and continued the search
700 feet from Lisa's car, they finally found Lisa under a rock.
After a few days in hospital,
Lisa recovered. She explained that she passed out after her car slid off the road
in the rain. After she came to herself, Lisa managed to climb out of the car. While
walking to find help, Lisa was exhausted and unable to figure out the direction.
So she couldn't walk on and climbed under a rock as it started raining again. Scared
as she was, she turned to her faith in hopes of living to see her son again.
8．When should Lisa arrive home after visiting her friend
A．About 9 pm. B．About 9: 30 pm.
C．About 11 pm. D．The next morning.
9．Why did the family give up calling the police that night
A．The police usually refused to come at night.
B．The heavy rain had blocked all the roads up.
C．They thought Lisa would come back herself.
D．They had been out of touch with Lisa for less than a day.
10．Who found Lisa under the rock
A．The friend she had visited. B．A hiking team passing by.
C．The police search team. D．Lisa's family.
11．Why was Lisa unable to go home by herself
A．She was lost. B．Her legs were badly injured.
C．She was locked in her car. D．She was caught by heavy rain.
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．D
11．A
【知识点】细节理解题；记叙文；故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Lisa到朋友家拜访，回程路上车在雨中滑出路面后，她晕了过去。苏醒过来后，她设法从车里爬了出来。走着去找人的时候已经筋疲力尽，连方向都不知道了，无法回家。她的家人和警方经过不懈努力找到了她。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One day, Lisa Holman told her family she would be out that night visiting her friend, only about half an hour drive from her house. ”有一天，Lisa Holman告诉家人，她当晚要出去拜访朋友，她家离朋友家只有大约半小时的车程。可知Lisa家与朋友家车程约半小时；以及“They then reached out to Lisa's friend, who said Lisa had left to drive home at 9 that night.”然后他们联系了Lisa的朋友，她说Lisa那天晚上9点开车回家了。可知Lisa晚上9:00离开朋友家，所以她本应该在9:30到家，故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The family thought about calling the police that evening but the police typically don't define a person missing unless there is no contact for 24 hours. ”当晚他们想报警，但警方通常不会认定一个人失踪，除非24小时内没有联系。由此可知24小时内没有联系，警方不会认定失踪处理，所以他们放弃了报警是因为Lisa失踪还不足一天，故选D。
10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The family was very disappointed but still hopeful and continued the search. 700 feet from Lisa's car, they finally found Lisa under a rock.”这家人很失望，但仍然满怀希望地继续寻找。在离Lisa的车700英尺的地方，他们终于在一块岩石下找到了Lisa。可知是Lisa的家人在一块岩石下找到了她。故选D。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“She explained that she passed out after her car slid off the road in the rain. After she came to herself, Lisa managed to climb out of the car. While walking to find help, Lisa was exhausted and unable to figure out the direction.”她解释说，她的车在雨中滑出路面后，她晕了过去。Lisa苏醒过来后，设法从车里爬了出来。走着去找人的时候，Lisa已经筋疲力尽，连方向都不知道了。可知Lisa无法自己回家是因为她迷路了，故选A。
（2022高二上·成都期中）阅读理解
Kwanzaa may be a festival celebrated by
millions of African Americans and pan-Africans, but it has only been around for
a few decades (十年). Introduced to the United
States in 1966 as a ceremony to welcome the first harvest to the home, the
festival, which takes place from December 26 to January 1, is a celebration of
life, unity, family, and culture.
Featuring
feasts, music and dance, and a devotion and recommitment to different
principles (信条), the festival was created in the middle
of the Black Freedom Movement, at a time when it was felt that cultural
grounding was needed.
Dr.
Maulana Karenga, professor and chairman of Black Studies at California State
University in Long Beach, is responsible for bringing the festival to life.
After the Watts violence in L.A., Dr. Karenga searched for ways to strengthen
the African-American community. He paired the practices with traditions of
several different harvest celebrations on the African continent, and although
it is celebrated around the Christmas period, it perhaps has more similarities
to Thanksgiving or the Yam Festival in Ghana and Nigeria.
There
are five common sets of values that are central to the week-long activities:
ingathering, reverence, commemoration, recommitment, and celebration. There are
seven principles of Kwanzaa, meaning first fruits in Kiswahili, a language
spoken in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. The first fruit celebrations appear in
ancient and modern times in classical African civilizations.
These
seven principles are known as Umoja, meaning unity; kujichagulia,
self-determination; ujima, collective work, and responsibility; ujamaa,
cooperative economics; nia, purpose; kuumba, creativity; and Imani, faith.
There are seven candles used during the festival, and like, the Jewish
Hanukkah, these candles are used to represent the principles.
On
December 31, participants celebrate with a plentiful meal, often featuring good
meals from various African countries.
The
number of Americans who celebrate Kwanzaa has changed greatly over the years,
and with as many as six million getting involved in the 1980s, Kwanzaa became a
mainstream holiday. Now, however, numbers have paled, but it still remains an
important cultural touchstone (试金石) for many African
American communities.
12．What activity can be included during the celebration of Kwanzaa
A．Creating a piece of music. B．Having a plentiful meal.
C．Giving and receiving gifts. D．Enjoying an art exhibition.
13．How did Dr. Karenga bring Kwanzaa to life
A．He started the Watts violence in Los Angeles.
B．He created five common sets of values.
C．He found ways to practice African traditions.
D．He strengthened the unity of neighbors.
14．What can we infer about the celebration of Kwanzaa
A．Kwanzaa is a festival across the world.
B．Africans are considered important in the U.S.
C．Kwanzaa is an important cultural symbol.
D．Kwanzaa is less popular among young Africans.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A festival: The Culture Cross the World
B．African Americans: An Important Part of Americans
C．Principles: The Focus of a Festival
D．Kwanzaa: The African Celebration of Unity and Culture
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．C
15．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。介绍了非裔美国人和泛非洲人的宽扎节。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Featuring feasts, music and dance, and a devotion and recommitment to different principles (信条), the festival was created in the middle of the Black Freedom Movement, at a time when it was felt that cultural grounding was needed.”这个节日的特色是盛宴、音乐和舞蹈，以及对不同原则的献身和重新承诺，它诞生于黑人自由运动(Black Freedom Movement)中期，当时人们认为需要文化基础。可知，宽扎节的庆祝活动盛宴、音乐和舞蹈，对比选项。故选B。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Dr. Maulana Karenga, professor and chairman of Black Studies at California State University in Long Beach, is responsible for bringing the festival to life. After the Watts violence in L.A., Dr. Karenga searched for ways to strengthen the African-American community.”加州州立大学长滩分校黑人研究教授兼主席Maulana Karenga博士负责让这个节日变得活跃起来。洛杉矶瓦茨暴力事件发生后，卡伦加博士寻找加强非裔美国人社区的方法。可知，卡伦加博士加强了邻居们的团结让宽扎节活跃起来。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据第四段“There are five common sets of values that are central to the week-long activities: ingathering, reverence, commemoration, recommitment, and celebration. There are seven principles of Kwanzaa, meaning first fruits in Kiswahili, a language spoken in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. The first fruit celebrations appear in ancient and modern times in classical African civilizations.”在为期一周的活动中，有五套共同的价值观是中心:聚集、尊敬、纪念、重新承诺和庆祝。宽扎节有七个原则，在肯尼亚、乌干达和坦桑尼亚使用的斯瓦希里语中，宽扎节意味着第一批果实。最早的水果庆典出现在古代和现代的古典非洲文明中。可知，宽扎节有五套共同的价值观，有七个原则，所以我们能从宽扎节的庆祝活动中推断出宽扎节是一个重要的文化象征。故选C。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Kwanzaa may be a festival celebrated by millions of African Americans and pan-Africans, but it has only been around for a few decades. Introduced to the United States in 1966 as a ceremony to welcome the first harvest to the home, the festival, which takes place from December 26 to January 1, is a celebration of life, unity, family, and culture.”宽扎节可能是数百万非裔美国人和泛非洲人庆祝的节日，但它只有几十年的历史。这个节日于1966年传入美国，作为欢迎第一次丰收的仪式，从12月26日举行到1月1日，是庆祝生命、团结、家庭和文化的节日。可知，本文主要介绍宽扎节，而宽扎节是庆祝生命、团结、家庭和文化的节日。“宽扎节:非洲人庆祝团结和文化的节日”适合做文章的标题，故选D。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to boost your immune system
On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms. 16． Is it possible to fight the disease off What if you improve your diet Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations Or make other lifestyle changes
Now, researchers are exploring several factors, hoping to help you strengthen your immune system.
●Lifestyle
17． Following general good-health guidelines is the single best step you can take toward naturally keeping your immune system working properly. Every part of your body, including your immune system, functions better when protected from environmental assaults and boosted by healthy-living strategies.
●Diet
Like any fighting force, the immune system army marches on its stomach. 18． Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases.
●Stress
Modern medicine has come to appreciate the closely linked relationship of mind and body. A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress. 19．
●Exercise
Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living. 20． But does it help to boost your immune system naturally and keep it healthy Just like a healthy diet, exercise can contribute to general good health and therefore to a healthy immune system.
A. Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle.
B. But sometimes it fails: A virus then invades and makes you sick.
C. Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment.
D. Scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function.
E. That doesn't mean the effects of lifestyle on the immune system shouldn't be studied.
F. It lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases.
G. Despite the difficulties in measuring the relationship of vitamins to immunity, scientists are making progress.
【答案】16．B；17．A；18．C；19．D；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何增强你的免疫系统。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms."总的来说，你的免疫系统在保护你免受致病微生物侵害方面做得很好；以及空后"What if you improve your diet Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations Or make other lifestyle changes "如果你改善你的饮食呢 服用某些维生素或草药 或者改变其他的生活方式？B. But sometimes it fails: A virus then invades and makes you sick."但有时它会失败：一种病毒随后入侵并使你生病。"，位于空格处起到承上启下的作用，说明正是因为免疫系统有时会失败，所以才会有空格后一系列的措施来改善免疫系统，故选B。
17．根据本段小标题"Lifestyle"生活方式，可知，本段主要讲的是要有健康的生活方式，它有助于增强免疫力， A. Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle. "你的第一道防线是选择一种健康的生活方式。"和小标题相呼应，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
18．根据本段小标题是"Diet"饮食，因此本段主要讲饮食和免疫系统的关系；以及空后"Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases."科学家们早就认识到，生活贫困和营养不良的人更容易感染传染病。因此免疫系统需要好的营养，C. Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment."健康的免疫系统战士需要良好的、有规律的营养。"和小标题相符合，在空格处承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
19．根据本段小标题是"Stress"压力，因此本段主要讲的是压力和免疫系统之间的关系；以及空前"A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress."很多疾病，包括肠胃不适，甚至心脏病，都与情绪紧张有关。 D. Scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function. "科学家们正在积极研究压力和免疫功能之间的关系。"和小标题相呼应，且承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空前"Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living."有规律的锻炼是健康生活的支柱之一。F. It lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases."它可以降低血压，帮助控制体重，预防各种疾病。"中的It指代前面的Regular exercise，且承接上文，说明了锻炼的好处，符合语境，故选F。
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was 40, with two
adorable children and a caring husband. And I'm enjoying a challenging but 21． career. Although this is
"success", sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly
am.
The chaos of the
family kitchen was 22． : the noise of the kettle, pots and
dishes, and the conversation 23． while I'm making breakfast. I
escaped 24． to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the
self that is 25． from the children and wonder who that person
might be.
So, I journeyed, for
the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to
26． in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of
walking would help me better 27． who I wanted to be. For 6
days, I was absorbed in wild scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland
rise black and tall into the heavens against the white snow. Looking outside at
wild wind and rain and knowing there's no decision to make 28． the soul. Climbing a mountain
against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal 29． me how little I actually
needed and how strong I felt 30． uncomfortable.
I found 31． in Iceland, and time to
consider "the me" outside career and kids as I shared stories with
strangers with no 32． past and no expected future. When I stopped
talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my 33． changed—I became more
generous. I learned generosity can 34． more space and more warmth 35． when there may not seem
enough to go around at first glance.
I came home to 36． , chaos and love. I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the
top of a mountain or inside my head, however 37． I try to hear; and it isn't
in conversations with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with
every step on my own life's 38． .
I'm not finding
myself, but I'm creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the
quietness. 39． is built under a heavy load. I'm expecting to
pick up all of my loads and travel 40． .
21．A．disastrous B．fun C．dull D．tough
22．A．comforting B．approving C．disturbing D．appealing
23．A．demands B．solutions C．assumptions D．references
24．A．originally B．apparently C．potentially D．briefly
25．A．separate B．accessible C．different D．mixed
26．A．volunteer B．hike C．settle D．wander
27．A．understand B．picture C．suppose D．question
28．A．trapped B．replaced C．freed D．drove
29．A．warned B．reminded C．consulted D．promised
30．A．as if B．even though C．so D．when
31．A．confidence B．value C．silence D．happiness
32．A．shared B．painful C．troubled D．glorious
33．A．concern B．attitude C．life D．appearance
34．A．advocate B．shoulder C．launch D．create
35．A．indeed B．just C．only D．even
36．A．doubt B．noise C．peace D．experience
37．A．specifically B．casually C．hard D．randomly
38．A．design B．pattern C．path D．belief
39．A．Pleasure B．Strength C．Spirit D．Pressure
40．A．aside B．off C．back D．on
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．A；33．B；34．D；35．D；36．B；37．C；38．C；39．B；40．D
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了一个40岁的女士，因为家庭烦杂的家务和家人的嘈杂使得她想逃离，于是她就为了更好的去了解自己想做什么样的人，就和朋友一起去徒步旅行。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我很喜欢这份有挑战又有趣的工作。A. disastrous"灾难的"；B. fun"有趣的"；C. dull"枯燥的"；D. tough"艰难的"。根据空前"I'm enjoying a challenging but"可知，下文要用和challenging相反的意思的形容词来描述作者对她的工作的态度，作者很喜欢的工作，应该是很有趣的。故选B。
22．句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. comforting"令人安慰的"；B. approving"支持的"；C. disturbing"令人不安的"；D. appealing"吸引人的"。根据下文"I escaped 4 to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is 5 from the children and wonder who that person might be."可知，作者不喜欢这样的生活状况，所以厨房里的混乱令她不安。故选C。
23．句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. demands"需求，要求"；B. solutions"解决"；C. assumptions"假设"；D. references"参考"。根据下文"Only in silence do I bear the self"可知，作者想要安静，说明她平时得不到安静，所以她生活中应该是对谈话有要求。故选A。
24．句意：我只能短时间地逃到我的卧室。A. originally"原始地"；B. apparently"明显地"；C. potentially"潜在地"；D. briefly"短时间地"。根据空后"to my bedroom"可知，作者逃到她的卧室来远离令人不安的家庭琐事只是暂时的行为。故选D。
25．句意：只有在沉默中，我才能承受与孩子们分离的自我，并想知道那个人可能是谁。A. separate"分离的"；B. accessible"可到达的"；C. different"不同的"；D. mixed"混合的"。根据空后"wonder who that person might be"可知，此处是指脱离孩子们作者是一个什么样的人。故选A。
26．句意：我和一个朋友去冰岛徒步旅行。A. volunteer"自愿"；B. hike"徒步"；C. settle"定居"；D. wander"漫步"。根据下文"I hoped the consideration of walking would help me"可知，作者是在那里徒步旅行。故选B。
27．句意：我希望对走路的考虑能帮助我更好地了解我想成为什么样的人。A. understand"了解，理解"；B. picture"描绘"；C. suppose"假设"；D. question"问题"。根据上文"wonder who that person might be"可知，作者一直想知道自己离开了家人会成为什么样的人，所以在外旅游期间就可以好好的思考并了解一下。故选A。
28．句意：看着外面的狂风暴雨，并知道不需要做决定，我的灵魂得到了释放。A. trapped"设陷阱"；B. replaced"代替"；C. freed"释放"；D. drove"开车"。根据空前"Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there's no decision to make"可知，作者的状态是很放松的，所以是释放了灵魂，让灵魂自由了。故选C。
29．句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. warned"警告"；B. reminded"提醒"；C. consulted"咨询"；D. promised"承诺"。根据空后"how little I actually needed and how strong I felt 10 uncomfortable."可知，这是作者意识到的内容，就好像是在提醒她自己。故选B。
30．句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. as if"好像"；B. even though"尽管"；C. so"因此"；D. when"当……时候"。根据空前"how strong I felt"可知，这是作者在她自己不舒服的时候的感受。故选D。
31．句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的"我"，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. confidence"自信"；B. value"价值"；C. silence"沉默，寂静"；D. happiness"快乐"。根据上文"Only in silence do I bear the self that is 5 from the children and."可知，作者一直想要寻找的就是这份安静。故选C。
32．句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的"我"，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. shared"分享的"；B. painful"痛苦的"；C. troubled"有麻烦的"；D. glorious"荣耀的"。根据空前"shared stories with strangers"可知，作者和陌生人之间是没有共同可分享的过去的。故选A。
33．句意：当我不说话，仅仅听的时候，我吃惊的发现我的态度改变了——我变得更加的大方了。A. concern"关心"；B. attitude"态度"；C. life"生活"；D. appearance"出现，外貌"。根据空后"I became more generous"可知，这是作者的态度改变了。故选B。
34．句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. advocate"倡导"；B. shoulder"承担"；C. launch"发射"；D. create"创造"。根据空后"more space and more warmth 15 when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance."可知，更多的空间和温暖是大方创造出来的。故选D。
35．句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. indeed"确实"；B. just"仅仅"；C. only"仅仅"；D. even"甚至"。根据空后"when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance."可知，这句话是和上文是递进的关系。故选D。
36．句意：我回到嘈杂，混乱和爱的家。A. doubt"怀疑"；B. noise"嘈杂"；C. peace"使和平"；D. experience"经历"。根据上文"The chaos of the family kitchen was 2 : the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation 3 while I'm making breakfast."可知，作者的家里充满了嘈杂，混乱和爱。故选B。
37．句意：我知道，无论我多么努力的去听，答案不是在山顶上等待，也不是在我的脑海里等待。A. specifically"确切地说"；B. casually"随意地"；C. hard"努力"；D. randomly"随机地"。根据上文"I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head,"可知，作者无论多么努力地去听，答案都不在那些地方。故选C。
38．句意：答案就在我面前自己走的人生路的每一步。A. design"设计"；B. pattern"类型"；C. path"路"；D. belief"信念"。根据空前"in front of me with every step"可知，这是指作者走的人生路上的每一步。故选C。
39．句意：力量在重担下被创造。A. Pleasure"快乐"；B. Strength"力量"；C. Spirit"精神"；D. Pressure"压力"。根据空后"is built under a heavy load."可知，在负重的情况下被创造的应该是力量。故选B。
40．句意：我打算带上所有的东西继续旅行。A. aside"一边"；B. off"离开"；C. back"回来"；D. on"继续"。根据空前"I'm expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel"可知，作者期待的是带上所有的东西继续旅行。故选D。
四、语法填空(共10小题：每小題1. 5分，满分15分)
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our government has raised the child limit for couples from two to three as the country experiences lower birth rates. For many years, China applied a one-child policy as a way 41． (control) the population. But that policy 42． (replace) in 2016 by a two-child limit. That change was aimed at raising the number of births 43． (gradual). But birth rates have further decreased in recent years as the cost of raising children in Chinese cities remains high.
The latest measure to permit three children per family is meant "to actively deal 44． the aging population," the official Xinhua News Agency reported. The policy includes what the government calls "supportive measures", 45． makes it easier for families to have more children of 46． (they) own. The measures include plans to lower educational costs for families and increase tax and housing support. The government also said it would seek to educate young people "on 47． (marry) and love."
Economists say that China faces concerns that it could grow old before it gets 48． (wealth). The Chinese population of 1. 4 billion was expected to reach a high later this decade before starting to drop. 49． , recent government data suggested that is happening 50． (fast) than expected.
【答案】41．to control；42．was replaced；43．gradually；44．with；45．which；46．their；47．marriage；48．wealthy；49．However或Nevertheless；50．faster
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国的生育政策。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，副词，介词，定语从句，代词，名词，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：多年来，中国一直实行独生子女政策来控制人口。修饰名词way需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to control。
42．句意：但这项政策在2016年被二胎限制所取代。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2016可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语policy和replace为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was replaced。
43．句意：这一改变旨在逐步提高出生率。修饰动词raising需用副词作状语。故填gradually。
44．句意：据官方的新华社报道，允许每户生三个孩子的最新措施是为了"积极应对人口老龄化"。deal with固定短语，"处理，应对"。故填with。
45．句意：这项政策包括政府所说的"支持性措施"，这使得家庭更容易拥有更多的孩子。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
46．句意：这项政策包括政府所说的"支持性措施"，这使得家庭更容易拥有更多的孩子。of one's own固定短语，"某人自己的"。故填their。
47．句意：政府还表示，它将寻求对年轻人进行"婚姻和爱情"教育。空处和"love"并列，需填名词作介词on的宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填marriage。
48．句意：经济学家说，中国面临着未富先老的担忧。gets为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。故填wealthy。
49．句意：然而，最近的政府数据显示，这一变化的速度比预期的要快。上下文之间是转折关系，空处表示"然而"，且与后面的句子用逗号隔开，需填副词however/nevertheless，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
50．句意：然而，最近的政府数据显示，这一变化的速度比预期的要快。空处需填副词作状语修饰动词is happening，结合空后的"than"可知，此处为副词比较级。故填faster。
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Today, carnival in Venice
is celebrating for five days in February. People arrive from all over Europe enjoy
its fun. Hotels are full booked and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful
costumes. German, French and English seem to be the main language. But the spirit
of Venice carnival is not quite the same like the great American carnivals. If the
key to Rio are music and movement, then in the Venice it is the mystery of masks.
As you wander through the streets, you saw thousands of masks, but you have no idea
that the faces behind them look like. Nobody takes it off. If the masks come off,
the magic is lost.
【答案】①celebrating →celebrated ②enjoy前加to ③full →fully ④language →languages ⑤like →as ⑥are →is ⑦去掉the ⑧saw →see ⑨that →what ⑩it →them
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了威尼斯的狂欢节期间会看到的景象。
（1）句意：如今，威尼斯的狂欢节会在2月持续5天。carnival in Venice与celebrate为被动关系，因此这里用过去分词构成被动语态。故celebrating改成celebrated。
（2）句意：人们从欧洲各地到来这里享受它的乐趣。动词不定式表示目的。故在enjoy前加to。
（3）句意：旅馆全订满了，狭窄的街道上挤满了穿着奇装异服的人。分析句子结构可知，应用副词修饰be booked。故full改成fully。
（4）句意：德语、法语和英语似乎是主要语言。根据句意可知，此处有三种语言，language可数，因此此处为复数。故language改成languages。
（5）句意：但威尼斯狂欢节的精神与美国的狂欢节不太一样。the same as固定短语，"与……一样"，故like改成as。
（6）句意：如果说里约热内卢的关键在于音乐和舞步，那么在威尼斯则是神秘的面具。名词the key作主语，谓语动词用单数。故are改为is。
（7）句意：如果说里约热内卢的关键在于音乐和舞步，那么在威尼斯则是神秘的面具。威尼斯只有一个，因此不需要特指。故去掉the。
（8）句意：当你在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道它们背后的脸看起来像什么。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故saw改成see。
（9）句意：当你在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道它们背后的脸看起来像什么。分析句子结构可知，look like缺少宾语，指物，因此此处用what引导同位语从句。故that改成what。
（10）句意：没人会把面具摘下来。根据句意可知，此处代词应代指面具，根据上文" As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks, but you have no idea that the faces behind them look like."当你在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道它们背后的脸看起来像什么。可知，面具不止一个。故it改成them。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及语态，非谓语动词，副词，名词，介词，主谓一致，冠词，时态，同位语从句以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假如你是校学生会主席李华，你校要举办一次汉服（Hanfu）表演。请你写一封电子邮件邀请在你市做交换生的英国好友Chris观看演出。内容包括：
1）发出邀请；2）演出时间，地点和目的；3）建议他上网搜索，简要了解汉服。
注意：
1）词数100 左右；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Mr. Chris,
I'm Li Hua, chairman of
student union.
……
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Chris,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Students Union. Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am more than delighted to invite you to enjoy a show which will be hosted by our school. The details about it are as follows.
In order to enrich our school life and promote traditional Chinese culture, a Hanfu performance will be held at 9:00 a. m. next Saturday in the hall of our school. It will be a great show played by senior two students dressed in Hanfu. There is no doubt that it will be a visual feast. Therefore, would you please be so kind as to surf the Internet for the introduction of Hanfu, which will be helpful to appreciate the show
I'd appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以校学生会主席李华的身份 ，写一封电子邮件邀请在你市做交换生的英国好友Chris观看演出 。写作背景： 你校要举办一次汉服（Hanfu）表演。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）发出邀请；2）演出时间，地点和目的；3）建议他上网搜索，简要了解汉服。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I am more than delighted to invite you to enjoy a show which will be hosted by our school. 运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句，不定式作原因状语；In order to enrich our school life and promote traditional Chinese culture, a Hanfu performance will be held at 9:00 a. m. next Saturday in the hall of our school.运用了被动语态；There is no doubt that it will be a visual feast. 运用了同位语从句；Therefore, would you please be so kind as to surf the Internet for the introduction of Hanfu, which will be helpful to appreciate the show 运用了非限制性定语从句；I'd appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.运用了固定句式I'd appreciate it if...。
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