外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas and presenting ideas拓展练习（含答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-02 20:45:07 | ||
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Unit5 Developing ideas and presenting ideas拓展练习
I. 单元语法填空－过去完成时专练
1. By nine o'clock last night, we__________（get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2. I__________（be)at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally__________（come).
3. She didn't go to bed until she__________（finish) her work.
4. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience__________（interrupt)him.
5. It was the third time that he__________（be) out of work that year.
6. We__________（learn)over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
II.单句语法填空
1. The fire is reported_________（spread)quickly due to dry and windy conditions yesterday.
2. Try not to link your sense of self-worth_________ the opinions of others.
3. Early_________（detect)of cancers can greatly increase the chances of cure even if you don't have any symptoms yet.
4. John, as well as his wife and children, _________（be)going to visit China next week.
5. _________ is important that you should hand in your article before 28th, June.
6. Linda bought a new telephone yesterday, which_________（shape)like a cat,
7. The children walked out of the school gate side _________side after school.
8. I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way_________ which he speaks English.
9. I will drive_________ your loneliness by talking about things that interest you.
10. You shouldn't have blamed your son at all. He is a little child after_________.
III.课文语法填空
Once, there was a good chance for a young man 1._________（call)Charles Darwin. He was promised to profit from the visit to 2._________（distance)countries yet little known. He 3._________（attract)by rocks, plants and animals. So he started a journey on the ship, the Beagle, to study various living things in their natural environments. A question came to his mind: how did different species come to exist He found that some species of animals were similar to each other. Maybe they evolved as they adapted 4._________the changing environments. This idea inspired him 5._________（search)for more evidence.
When the ship arrived on the Galapagos Islands in1835, Darwin noticed the difference between the finches
on each island. 6._________seemed their beaks had evolved because of what food could be found on that particular island. Over time, they had slowly evolved into many new species. So he believed that new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors. Finally, Darwin explained this theory in his book On the Origin of Species, 7._________was not published until 1859. This book 8._________（immediate)caused a storm, People were shocked, but Darwin's scientific studies were so 9._________（convince)that more and more people believed his theory. Nowadays, the book has become one of the most important works ever written, which 10._________（change)ideas about life on Earth forever.
IV.阅读理解
A
The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40,000 plant species, 3,000 fish, 1,294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.
The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years, and thrived even during glacial periods, allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species. Radiocarbon dating (放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old, and some trees over 1,000 years old, indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.
The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11,200 years ago. European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants (土著居民). By the late 17th century, the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.
The Amazon rain-forests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen. But due to deforestation (滥伐森林), rain-forests now cover less than 5% of the Earth’s land surface, and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change. Severe deforestation began in the 20th century, with 587,000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000. Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture. The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation, and at the present rate, scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.
1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To prove the forest untouched.
B．To classify species scientifically.
C．To show the diversity of species.
D．To attract more attention to the Amazon region.
2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die
A．European explorers brought diseases there.
B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly.
C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned.
D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.
3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest
A．It has the largest number of species.
B．It covers over 5% of South America.
C．It is becoming larger in area.
D．It is being endangered now.
4．What may be included in the following paragraph
A．Examples of destroying forests.
B．Measures to protect rainforests.
C．New settlements in the Amazon region.
D．Ways to stop global warming.
B
A new study shows that rising levels of planet warming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.
Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice. In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein (蛋白质). The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.
The researchers said the effects of planet warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia.
Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate change and weather extremes will reduce food production. And scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other planet warming gases threaten food quality.
Earlier studies showed that wheat, rice, field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals. Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.
5．Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may ________．
A．increase iron in the rice
B．make it less nutritious
C．cause losses of vitamin E
D．make it more delicious
6．How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change
A．By importing rice from China and Japan.
B．By taking other kinds of food instead of rice.
C．By avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia.
D．By growing rice suitable for the environment.
7．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To inform readers what nutrients food crops contain.
B．To call on people to care for the planet they live on.
C．To share the results of some studies on people’s diets.
D．To tell readers where food crops are mainly produced.
8．In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A．Advertisements. B．Art and culture.
C．Science reports. D．Business news.
V.短文语法填空
In a world where the climate is changing at a rate， ___1___has not exceeded in the geological record， the Arctic is on the front lines, ____2___ (experience) the most rapid warming of any region on the planet. Once it___3___ (consider)remote and disconnected. But now we know that the___4___ (change) within the Arctic can have a direct impact___5___the rest of the world, affecting physical and biological systems near and far at regional and global scales. Such changes range from how much solar radiation in the region___6___ (reflect) back into space to the structure of the ecological communities in Arctic waters； meanwhile, melting permafrost(多年冻土) is driving the transformation of frozen tundra(苔原) into wetlands， and grassy plains are shifting into lusher landscapes of bushes and trees. ___7___ (understand) the scope and details of these changes， scientists___8___ (strengthen)their efforts across all areas of Arctic research in the past few years. This collection highlights some of their most important and___9___ (interest) findings， as published in the pages of Science as well as in other journals, offering ___10___ overview of the direction of the field.
VI.读后续写 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
There was once a man who had six sons and two daughters, and he died leaving his wife pregnant. When the child was born, it proved to be a monkey.
The villagers and relations advised the mother to drop it, but she refused, saying, “Since God knows why he has given me a child, I will support it.”
All her relations said that, if so, they would turn her out of the family. However, she insisted on doing so at all costs. So they sent her to live with her child in a hut outside the village, and the monkey boy grew up and learned to talk like a human being.
One day his elder brothers began to clear the jungle for crop land, and the monkey boy took an axe there with them. He asked where he could clear land for himself, and in fun they showed him the place with the thickest jungle. Without any thoughts he got down to cutting a tree and then returned and watched his brothers working hard clearing the bush. When they had finished their work, he went and fetched his axe and returned home with them.
Every day he did the same. And one day his brothers asked why he spent all his time with them, and he said that he only came to them when he was tired of cutting down trees. They laughed at this and said that they would like to see his clearing, so he took them to the place, and to their astonishment they saw a large clearing, bigger land than what they had been able to make for themselves. Then the brothers burnt the jungle they had cut down and began to plow the land.
But the monkey boy's mother had no plow or cattle and nor any rice seed. The only thing in the house was a pumpkin, so he took the seed out of the pumpkin and sowed it in his clearing. His brothers asked what he had sown, and he told them, “Rice.”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好：
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
While the brothers watched their rice growing one day, they laughed at him to see_____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Two or three days later the monkey boy said that he would also have a ceremony for first fruits. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit5 Developing ideas and presenting ideas拓展练习（答案解析）
I. 单元语法填空－过去完成时专练
1. By nine o'clock last night, we__________（get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2. I__________（be)at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally__________（come).
3. She didn't go to bed until she__________（finish) her work.
4. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience__________（interrupt)him.
5. It was the third time that he__________（be) out of work that year.
6. We__________（learn)over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
答案：1. had got 2. had been; came 3. finished 4. interrupted 5. had been 6. had learned
II.单句语法填空
1. The fire is reported_________（spread)quickly due to dry and windy conditions yesterday.
2. Try not to link your sense of self-worth_________ the opinions of others.
3. Early_________（detect)of cancers can greatly increase the chances of cure even if you don't have any symptoms yet.
4. John, as well as his wife and children, _________（be)going to visit China next week.
5. _________ is important that you should hand in your article before 28th, June.
6. Linda bought a new telephone yesterday, which_________（shape)like a cat,
7. The children walked out of the school gate side _________side after school.
8. I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way_________ which he speaks English.
9. I will drive_________ your loneliness by talking about things that interest you.
10. You shouldn't have blamed your son at all. He is a little child after_________.
答案：
to have spread 2. to/with 3. detection 4. is 5. It
6. is shaped 7. by 8. in 9. away 10. all
III.课文语法填空
Once, there was a good chance for a young man 1._________（call)Charles Darwin. He was promised to profit from the visit to 2._________（distance)countries yet little known. He 3._________（attract)by rocks, plants and animals. So he started a journey on the ship, the Beagle, to study various living things in their natural environments. A question came to his mind: how did different species come to exist He found that some species of animals were similar to each other. Maybe they evolved as they adapted 4._________the changing environments. This idea inspired him 5._________（search)for more evidence.
When the ship arrived on the Galapagos Islands in1835, Darwin noticed the difference between the finches
on each island. 6._________seemed their beaks had evolved because of what food could be found on that particular island. Over time, they had slowly evolved into many new species. So he believed that new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors. Finally, Darwin explained this theory in his book On the Origin of Species, 7._________was not published until 1859. This book 8._________（immediate)caused a storm, People were shocked, but Darwin's scientific studies were so 9._________（convince)that more and more people believed his theory. Nowadays, the book has become one of the most important works ever written, which 10._________（change)ideas about life on Earth forever.
答案：
called 2. distant 3. was attracted 4. to 5. to search
6. It 7. which 8. immediately 9. convincing 10. has changed
IV.阅读理解
A
The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40,000 plant species, 3,000 fish, 1,294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.
The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years, and thrived even during glacial periods, allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species. Radiocarbon dating (放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old, and some trees over 1,000 years old, indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.
The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11,200 years ago. European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants (土著居民). By the late 17th century, the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.
The Amazon rain-forests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen. But due to deforestation (滥伐森林), rain-forests now cover less than 5% of the Earth’s land surface, and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change. Severe deforestation began in the 20th century, with 587,000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000. Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture. The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation, and at the present rate, scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.
1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To prove the forest untouched.
B．To classify species scientifically.
C．To show the diversity of species.
D．To attract more attention to the Amazon region.
2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die
A．European explorers brought diseases there.
B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly.
C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned.
D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.
3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest
A．It has the largest number of species.
B．It covers over 5% of South America.
C．It is becoming larger in area.
D．It is being endangered now.
4．What may be included in the following paragraph
A．Examples of destroying forests.
B．Measures to protect rainforests.
C．New settlements in the Amazon region.
D．Ways to stop global warming.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了亚马逊热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。
1．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马逊热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．”可知，可能多达90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。
3．D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句中的“at the present rate...in two decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。
4．B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么本文接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。
B
A new study shows that rising levels of planet warming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.
Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice. In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein (蛋白质). The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.
The researchers said the effects of planet warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia.
Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate change and weather extremes will reduce food production. And scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other planet warming gases threaten food quality.
Earlier studies showed that wheat, rice, field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals. Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.
5．Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may ________．
A．increase iron in the rice
B．make it less nutritious
C．cause losses of vitamin E
D．make it more delicious
6．How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change
A．By importing rice from China and Japan.
B．By taking other kinds of food instead of rice.
C．By avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia.
D．By growing rice suitable for the environment.
7．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To inform readers what nutrients food crops contain.
B．To call on people to care for the planet they live on.
C．To share the results of some studies on people’s diets.
D．To tell readers where food crops are mainly produced.
8．In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A．Advertisements. B．Art and culture.
C．Science reports. D．Business news.
【解题导语】本文介绍了温室气体减少了粮食作物中的营养物质以及降低气候变化对营养物的损害的方法。
5．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels...less protein(蛋白质)．”可知， B项为正确答案。A、C、D三项的表述均与原文表述不符。
6．D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.”可知，应该种植不同种类的可以适应高含量二氧化碳的水稻，故D项为正确答案。
7．B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文通过介绍温室气体增加对粮食作物的影响来唤起人们对人类赖以生存的地球家园的保护。故B项为正确答案。
8．C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文中的“study” “Researchers” “studies”等可推知，本文是一篇研究报告，在杂志的科学报道部分能读到本文。
V.短文语法填空
In a world where the climate is changing at a rate， ___1___has not exceeded in the geological record， the Arctic is on the front lines, ____2___ (experience) the most rapid warming of any region on the planet. Once it___3___ (consider)remote and disconnected. But now we know that the___4___ (change) within the Arctic can have a direct impact___5___the rest of the world, affecting physical and biological systems near and far at regional and global scales. Such changes range from how much solar radiation in the region___6___ (reflect) back into space to the structure of the ecological communities in Arctic waters； meanwhile, melting permafrost(多年冻土) is driving the transformation of frozen tundra(苔原) into wetlands， and grassy plains are shifting into lusher landscapes of bushes and trees. ___7___ (understand) the scope and details of these changes， scientists___8___ (strengthen)their efforts across all areas of Arctic research in the past few years. This collection highlights some of their most important and___9___ (interest) findings， as published in the pages of Science as well as in other journals, offering ___10___ overview of the direction of the field.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了快速的气候变化对北欧地区及其他地区的影响，以及科学家为此所做的努力。
1. which 考查: 定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词rate，在从句中作主语，故填which.
2. experiencing 考查: 非谓语动词。空格处与它的逻辑主语the Arctic为主动关系，且句子“the Arctic is on the front line”已有自己完整的结构，判断此空为非谓语动词，故填experiencing。
3. was considered 考查: 动词的时态与语态。此处的once为“曾经”之意，句子应用一般过去时，结合语境，consider与it为动宾关系，故填was considered.
4. changes 考查: 名词。因空格前有定冠词the，判断此空为名词，结合语境和下句中的such changes，判断此处应用名词的复数形式，故填changes.
5. on 考查: 介词。固定搭配have a direct impact on“对. 有直接影响”，故填on。
6. is reflected 考查: 动词的语态和主谓一致。在宾语从句“how much solar radiation in the region___6___(reflect)”中，“solar radiation”是主语，为第三人称单数形式，且与谓语动词reflect为被动关系，故填is reflected。
7. To understand 考查: 非谓语动词。此处用不定式表目的，故填To understand。
8. have strengthened 考查: 动词的时态。根据时间状语in the past/few years，判断应用现在完成时, 主语为scientists，故填have strengthened。
9. interesting 考查: 词性转换。and前有形容词important且结合空格后的名词findings，判断此空需填形容词且用来形容物，故填interesting。
10. an 考查: 冠词。空格后有可数名词overview，并且是以元音音素开头的单词，表示”提供该领域发展方向的一个概述”，故填不定冠词an。
VI.读后续写 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
There was once a man who had six sons and two daughters, and he died leaving his wife pregnant. When the child was born, it proved to be a monkey.
The villagers and relations advised the mother to drop it, but she refused, saying, “Since God knows why he has given me a child, I will support it.”
All her relations said that, if so, they would turn her out of the family. However, she insisted on doing so at all costs. So they sent her to live with her child in a hut outside the village, and the monkey boy grew up and learned to talk like a human being.
One day his elder brothers began to clear the jungle for crop land, and the monkey boy took an axe there with them. He asked where he could clear land for himself, and in fun they showed him the place with the thickest jungle. Without any thoughts he got down to cutting a tree and then returned and watched his brothers working hard clearing the bush. When they had finished their work, he went and fetched his axe and returned home with them.
Every day he did the same. And one day his brothers asked why he spent all his time with them, and he said that he only came to them when he was tired of cutting down trees. They laughed at this and said that they would like to see his clearing, so he took them to the place, and to their astonishment they saw a large clearing, bigger land than what they had been able to make for themselves. Then the brothers burnt the jungle they had cut down and began to plow the land.
But the monkey boy's mother had no plow or cattle and nor any rice seed. The only thing in the house was a pumpkin, so he took the seed out of the pumpkin and sowed it in his clearing. His brothers asked what he had sown, and he told them, “Rice.”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好：
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
While the brothers watched their rice growing one day, they laughed at him to see_______________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Two or three days later the monkey boy said that he would also have a ceremony for first fruits. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
While the brothers watched their rice growing one day, they laughed at him to see nothing but pumpkins. When their crops were ripe, the brothers prepared to offer the first fruits. The monkey boy watched his crops and he might observe the same ceremony as they did. One day they brought home the first fruits and invited the monkey boy and his mother to come to the ceremony which followed the offering.Both the mother and the son enjoyed themselves.
Paragraph 2:
Two or three days later the monkey boy said that he would also have a ceremony for first fruits. So he told his mother to clear the courtyard, and invited his brothers. He dressed himself up and went to his clearing. He brought home the biggest pumpkin that had grown there. He offered it in high spirits. He cut off the top of it. To their astonishment, they saw it was full of rice. There was enough rice inside to nearly fill a basket.
2 / 2
I. 单元语法填空－过去完成时专练
1. By nine o'clock last night, we__________（get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2. I__________（be)at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally__________（come).
3. She didn't go to bed until she__________（finish) her work.
4. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience__________（interrupt)him.
5. It was the third time that he__________（be) out of work that year.
6. We__________（learn)over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
II.单句语法填空
1. The fire is reported_________（spread)quickly due to dry and windy conditions yesterday.
2. Try not to link your sense of self-worth_________ the opinions of others.
3. Early_________（detect)of cancers can greatly increase the chances of cure even if you don't have any symptoms yet.
4. John, as well as his wife and children, _________（be)going to visit China next week.
5. _________ is important that you should hand in your article before 28th, June.
6. Linda bought a new telephone yesterday, which_________（shape)like a cat,
7. The children walked out of the school gate side _________side after school.
8. I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way_________ which he speaks English.
9. I will drive_________ your loneliness by talking about things that interest you.
10. You shouldn't have blamed your son at all. He is a little child after_________.
III.课文语法填空
Once, there was a good chance for a young man 1._________（call)Charles Darwin. He was promised to profit from the visit to 2._________（distance)countries yet little known. He 3._________（attract)by rocks, plants and animals. So he started a journey on the ship, the Beagle, to study various living things in their natural environments. A question came to his mind: how did different species come to exist He found that some species of animals were similar to each other. Maybe they evolved as they adapted 4._________the changing environments. This idea inspired him 5._________（search)for more evidence.
When the ship arrived on the Galapagos Islands in1835, Darwin noticed the difference between the finches
on each island. 6._________seemed their beaks had evolved because of what food could be found on that particular island. Over time, they had slowly evolved into many new species. So he believed that new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors. Finally, Darwin explained this theory in his book On the Origin of Species, 7._________was not published until 1859. This book 8._________（immediate)caused a storm, People were shocked, but Darwin's scientific studies were so 9._________（convince)that more and more people believed his theory. Nowadays, the book has become one of the most important works ever written, which 10._________（change)ideas about life on Earth forever.
IV.阅读理解
A
The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40,000 plant species, 3,000 fish, 1,294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.
The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years, and thrived even during glacial periods, allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species. Radiocarbon dating (放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old, and some trees over 1,000 years old, indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.
The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11,200 years ago. European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants (土著居民). By the late 17th century, the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.
The Amazon rain-forests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen. But due to deforestation (滥伐森林), rain-forests now cover less than 5% of the Earth’s land surface, and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change. Severe deforestation began in the 20th century, with 587,000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000. Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture. The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation, and at the present rate, scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.
1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To prove the forest untouched.
B．To classify species scientifically.
C．To show the diversity of species.
D．To attract more attention to the Amazon region.
2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die
A．European explorers brought diseases there.
B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly.
C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned.
D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.
3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest
A．It has the largest number of species.
B．It covers over 5% of South America.
C．It is becoming larger in area.
D．It is being endangered now.
4．What may be included in the following paragraph
A．Examples of destroying forests.
B．Measures to protect rainforests.
C．New settlements in the Amazon region.
D．Ways to stop global warming.
B
A new study shows that rising levels of planet warming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.
Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice. In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein (蛋白质). The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.
The researchers said the effects of planet warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia.
Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate change and weather extremes will reduce food production. And scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other planet warming gases threaten food quality.
Earlier studies showed that wheat, rice, field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals. Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.
5．Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may ________．
A．increase iron in the rice
B．make it less nutritious
C．cause losses of vitamin E
D．make it more delicious
6．How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change
A．By importing rice from China and Japan.
B．By taking other kinds of food instead of rice.
C．By avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia.
D．By growing rice suitable for the environment.
7．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To inform readers what nutrients food crops contain.
B．To call on people to care for the planet they live on.
C．To share the results of some studies on people’s diets.
D．To tell readers where food crops are mainly produced.
8．In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A．Advertisements. B．Art and culture.
C．Science reports. D．Business news.
V.短文语法填空
In a world where the climate is changing at a rate， ___1___has not exceeded in the geological record， the Arctic is on the front lines, ____2___ (experience) the most rapid warming of any region on the planet. Once it___3___ (consider)remote and disconnected. But now we know that the___4___ (change) within the Arctic can have a direct impact___5___the rest of the world, affecting physical and biological systems near and far at regional and global scales. Such changes range from how much solar radiation in the region___6___ (reflect) back into space to the structure of the ecological communities in Arctic waters； meanwhile, melting permafrost(多年冻土) is driving the transformation of frozen tundra(苔原) into wetlands， and grassy plains are shifting into lusher landscapes of bushes and trees. ___7___ (understand) the scope and details of these changes， scientists___8___ (strengthen)their efforts across all areas of Arctic research in the past few years. This collection highlights some of their most important and___9___ (interest) findings， as published in the pages of Science as well as in other journals, offering ___10___ overview of the direction of the field.
VI.读后续写 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
There was once a man who had six sons and two daughters, and he died leaving his wife pregnant. When the child was born, it proved to be a monkey.
The villagers and relations advised the mother to drop it, but she refused, saying, “Since God knows why he has given me a child, I will support it.”
All her relations said that, if so, they would turn her out of the family. However, she insisted on doing so at all costs. So they sent her to live with her child in a hut outside the village, and the monkey boy grew up and learned to talk like a human being.
One day his elder brothers began to clear the jungle for crop land, and the monkey boy took an axe there with them. He asked where he could clear land for himself, and in fun they showed him the place with the thickest jungle. Without any thoughts he got down to cutting a tree and then returned and watched his brothers working hard clearing the bush. When they had finished their work, he went and fetched his axe and returned home with them.
Every day he did the same. And one day his brothers asked why he spent all his time with them, and he said that he only came to them when he was tired of cutting down trees. They laughed at this and said that they would like to see his clearing, so he took them to the place, and to their astonishment they saw a large clearing, bigger land than what they had been able to make for themselves. Then the brothers burnt the jungle they had cut down and began to plow the land.
But the monkey boy's mother had no plow or cattle and nor any rice seed. The only thing in the house was a pumpkin, so he took the seed out of the pumpkin and sowed it in his clearing. His brothers asked what he had sown, and he told them, “Rice.”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好：
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
While the brothers watched their rice growing one day, they laughed at him to see_____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Two or three days later the monkey boy said that he would also have a ceremony for first fruits. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit5 Developing ideas and presenting ideas拓展练习（答案解析）
I. 单元语法填空－过去完成时专练
1. By nine o'clock last night, we__________（get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2. I__________（be)at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally__________（come).
3. She didn't go to bed until she__________（finish) her work.
4. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience__________（interrupt)him.
5. It was the third time that he__________（be) out of work that year.
6. We__________（learn)over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
答案：1. had got 2. had been; came 3. finished 4. interrupted 5. had been 6. had learned
II.单句语法填空
1. The fire is reported_________（spread)quickly due to dry and windy conditions yesterday.
2. Try not to link your sense of self-worth_________ the opinions of others.
3. Early_________（detect)of cancers can greatly increase the chances of cure even if you don't have any symptoms yet.
4. John, as well as his wife and children, _________（be)going to visit China next week.
5. _________ is important that you should hand in your article before 28th, June.
6. Linda bought a new telephone yesterday, which_________（shape)like a cat,
7. The children walked out of the school gate side _________side after school.
8. I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way_________ which he speaks English.
9. I will drive_________ your loneliness by talking about things that interest you.
10. You shouldn't have blamed your son at all. He is a little child after_________.
答案：
to have spread 2. to/with 3. detection 4. is 5. It
6. is shaped 7. by 8. in 9. away 10. all
III.课文语法填空
Once, there was a good chance for a young man 1._________（call)Charles Darwin. He was promised to profit from the visit to 2._________（distance)countries yet little known. He 3._________（attract)by rocks, plants and animals. So he started a journey on the ship, the Beagle, to study various living things in their natural environments. A question came to his mind: how did different species come to exist He found that some species of animals were similar to each other. Maybe they evolved as they adapted 4._________the changing environments. This idea inspired him 5._________（search)for more evidence.
When the ship arrived on the Galapagos Islands in1835, Darwin noticed the difference between the finches
on each island. 6._________seemed their beaks had evolved because of what food could be found on that particular island. Over time, they had slowly evolved into many new species. So he believed that new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors. Finally, Darwin explained this theory in his book On the Origin of Species, 7._________was not published until 1859. This book 8._________（immediate)caused a storm, People were shocked, but Darwin's scientific studies were so 9._________（convince)that more and more people believed his theory. Nowadays, the book has become one of the most important works ever written, which 10._________（change)ideas about life on Earth forever.
答案：
called 2. distant 3. was attracted 4. to 5. to search
6. It 7. which 8. immediately 9. convincing 10. has changed
IV.阅读理解
A
The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. To date, at least 40,000 plant species, 3,000 fish, 1,294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region. One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest.
The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years, and thrived even during glacial periods, allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species. Radiocarbon dating (放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeter in diameter to be more than 300 years old, and some trees over 1,000 years old, indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.
The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11,200 years ago. European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants (土著居民). By the late 17th century, the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.
The Amazon rain-forests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen. But due to deforestation (滥伐森林), rain-forests now cover less than 5% of the Earth’s land surface, and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change. Severe deforestation began in the 20th century, with 587,000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000. Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture. The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation, and at the present rate, scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.
1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To prove the forest untouched.
B．To classify species scientifically.
C．To show the diversity of species.
D．To attract more attention to the Amazon region.
2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die
A．European explorers brought diseases there.
B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly.
C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned.
D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.
3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest
A．It has the largest number of species.
B．It covers over 5% of South America.
C．It is becoming larger in area.
D．It is being endangered now.
4．What may be included in the following paragraph
A．Examples of destroying forests.
B．Measures to protect rainforests.
C．New settlements in the Amazon region.
D．Ways to stop global warming.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了亚马逊热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。
1．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马逊热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves, killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．”可知，可能多达90%的亚马逊土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。
3．D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句中的“at the present rate...in two decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马逊热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。
4．B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马逊热带雨林砍伐严重，那么本文接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。
B
A new study shows that rising levels of planet warming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.
Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice. In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein (蛋白质). The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.
The researchers said the effects of planet warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia.
Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate change and weather extremes will reduce food production. And scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other planet warming gases threaten food quality.
Earlier studies showed that wheat, rice, field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals. Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.
The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.
5．Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may ________．
A．increase iron in the rice
B．make it less nutritious
C．cause losses of vitamin E
D．make it more delicious
6．How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change
A．By importing rice from China and Japan.
B．By taking other kinds of food instead of rice.
C．By avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia.
D．By growing rice suitable for the environment.
7．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To inform readers what nutrients food crops contain.
B．To call on people to care for the planet they live on.
C．To share the results of some studies on people’s diets.
D．To tell readers where food crops are mainly produced.
8．In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A．Advertisements. B．Art and culture.
C．Science reports. D．Business news.
【解题导语】本文介绍了温室气体减少了粮食作物中的营养物质以及降低气候变化对营养物的损害的方法。
5．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels...less protein(蛋白质)．”可知， B项为正确答案。A、C、D三项的表述均与原文表述不符。
6．D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.”可知，应该种植不同种类的可以适应高含量二氧化碳的水稻，故D项为正确答案。
7．B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文通过介绍温室气体增加对粮食作物的影响来唤起人们对人类赖以生存的地球家园的保护。故B项为正确答案。
8．C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文中的“study” “Researchers” “studies”等可推知，本文是一篇研究报告，在杂志的科学报道部分能读到本文。
V.短文语法填空
In a world where the climate is changing at a rate， ___1___has not exceeded in the geological record， the Arctic is on the front lines, ____2___ (experience) the most rapid warming of any region on the planet. Once it___3___ (consider)remote and disconnected. But now we know that the___4___ (change) within the Arctic can have a direct impact___5___the rest of the world, affecting physical and biological systems near and far at regional and global scales. Such changes range from how much solar radiation in the region___6___ (reflect) back into space to the structure of the ecological communities in Arctic waters； meanwhile, melting permafrost(多年冻土) is driving the transformation of frozen tundra(苔原) into wetlands， and grassy plains are shifting into lusher landscapes of bushes and trees. ___7___ (understand) the scope and details of these changes， scientists___8___ (strengthen)their efforts across all areas of Arctic research in the past few years. This collection highlights some of their most important and___9___ (interest) findings， as published in the pages of Science as well as in other journals, offering ___10___ overview of the direction of the field.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了快速的气候变化对北欧地区及其他地区的影响，以及科学家为此所做的努力。
1. which 考查: 定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词rate，在从句中作主语，故填which.
2. experiencing 考查: 非谓语动词。空格处与它的逻辑主语the Arctic为主动关系，且句子“the Arctic is on the front line”已有自己完整的结构，判断此空为非谓语动词，故填experiencing。
3. was considered 考查: 动词的时态与语态。此处的once为“曾经”之意，句子应用一般过去时，结合语境，consider与it为动宾关系，故填was considered.
4. changes 考查: 名词。因空格前有定冠词the，判断此空为名词，结合语境和下句中的such changes，判断此处应用名词的复数形式，故填changes.
5. on 考查: 介词。固定搭配have a direct impact on“对. 有直接影响”，故填on。
6. is reflected 考查: 动词的语态和主谓一致。在宾语从句“how much solar radiation in the region___6___(reflect)”中，“solar radiation”是主语，为第三人称单数形式，且与谓语动词reflect为被动关系，故填is reflected。
7. To understand 考查: 非谓语动词。此处用不定式表目的，故填To understand。
8. have strengthened 考查: 动词的时态。根据时间状语in the past/few years，判断应用现在完成时, 主语为scientists，故填have strengthened。
9. interesting 考查: 词性转换。and前有形容词important且结合空格后的名词findings，判断此空需填形容词且用来形容物，故填interesting。
10. an 考查: 冠词。空格后有可数名词overview，并且是以元音音素开头的单词，表示”提供该领域发展方向的一个概述”，故填不定冠词an。
VI.读后续写 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
There was once a man who had six sons and two daughters, and he died leaving his wife pregnant. When the child was born, it proved to be a monkey.
The villagers and relations advised the mother to drop it, but she refused, saying, “Since God knows why he has given me a child, I will support it.”
All her relations said that, if so, they would turn her out of the family. However, she insisted on doing so at all costs. So they sent her to live with her child in a hut outside the village, and the monkey boy grew up and learned to talk like a human being.
One day his elder brothers began to clear the jungle for crop land, and the monkey boy took an axe there with them. He asked where he could clear land for himself, and in fun they showed him the place with the thickest jungle. Without any thoughts he got down to cutting a tree and then returned and watched his brothers working hard clearing the bush. When they had finished their work, he went and fetched his axe and returned home with them.
Every day he did the same. And one day his brothers asked why he spent all his time with them, and he said that he only came to them when he was tired of cutting down trees. They laughed at this and said that they would like to see his clearing, so he took them to the place, and to their astonishment they saw a large clearing, bigger land than what they had been able to make for themselves. Then the brothers burnt the jungle they had cut down and began to plow the land.
But the monkey boy's mother had no plow or cattle and nor any rice seed. The only thing in the house was a pumpkin, so he took the seed out of the pumpkin and sowed it in his clearing. His brothers asked what he had sown, and he told them, “Rice.”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好：
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
While the brothers watched their rice growing one day, they laughed at him to see_______________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Two or three days later the monkey boy said that he would also have a ceremony for first fruits. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
While the brothers watched their rice growing one day, they laughed at him to see nothing but pumpkins. When their crops were ripe, the brothers prepared to offer the first fruits. The monkey boy watched his crops and he might observe the same ceremony as they did. One day they brought home the first fruits and invited the monkey boy and his mother to come to the ceremony which followed the offering.Both the mother and the son enjoyed themselves.
Paragraph 2:
Two or three days later the monkey boy said that he would also have a ceremony for first fruits. So he told his mother to clear the courtyard, and invited his brothers. He dressed himself up and went to his clearing. He brought home the biggest pumpkin that had grown there. He offered it in high spirits. He cut off the top of it. To their astonishment, they saw it was full of rice. There was enough rice inside to nearly fill a basket.
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