Unit6 Nurturing natur
语法-精讲破
现在完成进行时
一、现在完成进行时的构成
观察1
I have been teaching English at university for 25 years.
我在大学教英语25年了。
②His eyes ache because he has been sitting in front of the computer all the afternoon.
他的眼睛痛因为他整个下午都坐在电脑前。
归纳
现在完成进行时的谓语构成: ① ,表示“一直在做 (某事)”。
二、现在完成进行时的意义
观察2
①I have been working with her for 20 years.
我与她一起工作有20年了。
How long has your friend Jane been working in the company
你的朋友简在那家公司工作多久了?
They have been repairing the broken road.
他们一直在修那条损坏的道路。
All these days he has been writing articles for our magazine.
这些天来他一直在为我们的杂志写文章。
归纳
1.现在完成进行时的作用:表示动作从过去某个时刻开始一直持续到现在,甚至将来,强调 ② 。
2.表示从过去到现在的一段时间内被反复进行的动作 或存在的状态。
三、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别观察
①They have been widening the road.
他们在加宽马路。(但尚未完工)
②They have widened the road.他们加宽了马路。(已完工)
③Have you been meeting her lately 你最近一直在见她吗?
Have you met her lately 你最近见过她吗?
归纳
1.现在完成进行时往往强调动作的延续,现在完成时往往强调动作的 ③ 。
2.现在完成进行时往往表示动作在 ④ ,现在完成 时表示的动作常常不 带 ⑤ 。
链接高考
单句语法填空
1.(2019 北京,完形填空,★★☆) A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been_______( offer ) free rides to college students for the past eight years.
2.( 2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解D, ★★☆) For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been_______ ( study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution (解决方案).
3.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,完形填空,★★☆)“People have been________( sit) there and standing there and taking pictures of each other, ” Ro says.
4.(2019 北京,语法填空 A,★★☆)For the past 20 years,I _______( live) by these words.
5.(2017课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C,★★☆)Inventors have been_______(try) to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann,an airline industry expert.
完成句子
6.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, ★★☆)几周以来,我一直在思考更大、更深层 次的问题:我们如何让他们养成这种习惯?
For weeks,I_______ _______ _______ _______ bigger, deeper questions:How do we make it a habit for them
7.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C,★★☆)事实上,传统也指那些一直在发展和仍在被创造的事物。
In fact, tradition also refers to the things that _______ _______ _______and that_______ _______ _______ _______.
8. (2018课标全国I ,阅读理解C, ★★★)语言的出现和消失已经有几千年的历史 了,但最近几年,语言的出现越来越少,消失的越来越多。
Languages _______ _______ _______ _______ _______for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less _______and a lot more_______.
答案:
①have/has been doing②进行的过程③完成④重复⑤重复性
1.offering句意:76岁的退休工程师Wilson在过去的8年里一直为大学生提供免费乘车服务。根据时间状语for the past eight years及句意可知offer表示的动作在此期间一直在进行,故填offering。
2.studying句意:在过去的两年里,Gordon的学生们一直在研究在失重状态下杀死细菌的方法,他们认为他们已经接近解决方案了。根据时间状语For the past two years“在过去的两年里”及句意可知study这一动作在此期间一直在进行,故填studying。
3.sitting句意:Ro说:“人们一直坐在那里、站在那里并且相互拍照。”。根据语境和句子结构可知,设空处与 standing和taking并列,故填sitting。
4.have lived句意:在过去的20年里,我就是靠这些词生活的。根据时间状语For the past 20 years并结合语境可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填have lived。
5.trying句意:据航空业专家Robert Mann所说,自20 世纪30年代以来,发明家一直在尝试制造飞行汽车。时间状语为since the 1930s,动词try表示的动作在此 期间反复发生,故填trying。
6.have been thinking of
7.have been developing;are still being created
8.have been coming and going;coming;going
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