外研版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit1 Growing up 单元考点突破学案（无答案）

名师原创：Unit1 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责
【原句再现】
If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs and blaming it on you; ...(教材P1)
【词块积累】
be to blame (for sth.) (对某事)负有责任，应受责备
blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
blame sth. on sb./sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
take the blame for sth. 对某事承担责任
【精品例句】
They placed the blame on the doctor.
他们把责任归咎于医生。
He tried to escape blame for what he had done.
他试图不为自己的行为负责。
It seemed that the water was to blame．
看来水是罪魁祸首。
You shouldn't blame the failure on John.
你们不应该把这次失败归咎于约翰。
【高考链接】
If that happens，the coach will take the blame _______ it. (山东卷) (for)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
You are not ________ (blame). (to blame)
You shouldn't blame John _______ the failure. (for)
【原句再现】
What do these places have in common (教材P61)
【词块积累】
common adj. 普遍的; 常见的; 共同的; 共有的; 普通的; 寻常的
反意词: uncommon /rare
common sense常识
the common goal共同目标
the common people平民百姓
a common disease常见病
a common mistake常犯的错误
common 作名词时仅用在以下惯用语中：
in common with …与….一样
commonly adv. 通常；一般；广泛地（= widely）
【精品例句】
It’s common for people to wear masks in foggy days.
在雾天人们戴口罩很常见
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship.
选择志趣相投的朋友对建立友谊很重要
We have a lot in common and have a lot to talk about.
我们有许多共同点，因此有很多话题可聊
I have nothing in common with Jane.
我和简毫无共同之处
【高考链接】
Letterboxes are much more _______ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
In common _______ other students, Tom is seldom late for school. (with)
2. worth adj. 值…的；具有…价值的；prep. 值得
【原句再现】
If you can fill the unforgiving minute with sixty seconds’ worth of distance run-yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it, and – which is more – you’ll be a Man, my son! (教材P1)
【词块积累】
worthless adj. 无价值的；无用的
be worth sth. 值…
be worth doing sth. 值得做
It is worth doing sth. 值得做
联系：worthy和worthwhile
worthy 值得的；有价值的
worthwhile 值得花时间/精力的
be worthy of sth. 值…
be worthy of being done
=be worthy to be done值得（被）…
It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. 做某事是值得的
【精品例句】
The old stamp is worth about 5000yuan.
这枚邮票值5000元左右
Although we take an hour a day for exercise, it is well worth it.
虽然我们每天都要锻炼一个小时，但一切都是值得的
It is worth visiting the art museum.
那个美术馆值得一去
It is worthwhile comparing/to compare prices.
有必要比较一下价格
His achievements are worthy of the highest praise.
他的成就值得给予最高奖赏
The young man is worthy to be taught.
孺子可教
The movie is worthy of being seen once more.
这部电影值得再看
His daughter felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.
他的女儿觉得保存他的音乐很有价值
It is worthwhile to discuss the problem further.
进一步讨论这个问题是值得的
Thank you for making my visit worthwhile.
谢谢你让我的拜访如此值得
【高考链接】
Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ____. (湖北卷.完型)
A. favorable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Good opinions are worth __ (stick) to because they can benefit us all. (浙江卷) (sticking)
3. charge n. 主管; 负责; 费用; 价钱; 指控; 罪名; 电荷; 电量; vt&vi (向…) 收费; 开价；vt指控; 控告; vt & vi(给)充电; vi & vt (向…) 冲; 进攻
【原句再现】
Will you be completely in charge of your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways (教材P2)
【词块积累】
charger 充电器
in charge (of sth): 负责，掌管
in /under sb's charge = be in the charge of sb.
take charge of 负责，掌管
an admission charge of $55美元的入场费
on charge充电中
a positive/negative charge正/负电荷
charge sb. sth (for sth) 为…收取某人…钱
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人某事
【精品例句】
I'd like to speak to the person in charge. 我想跟负责人谈谈
Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please
我能同国际销售部的负责人谈谈 2009全国吗
The files were left in your charge.这些文件由你负责处理
Your order will be sent free of charge.你订的货物将免费送达
She was arrested on the charge of theft.她因被控偷盗而被捕
We won’t charge you for delivery.我们免费送货
Do you think muse ums should charge for admission 你认为博物馆该收入场费吗
The restaurant only charged me S40.餐馆仅收了我40美元。
She is charged with murdering her husband.她被控谋害其夫。
He had forgotten to charge the battery.他忘记了给电池充电。
When lions are hiding for an attack by a water hole they wait patiently and can charge at any second.
当狮子隐藏在水坑边上准备攻击时，它们会耐心地等待着，随时都会发起攻击。
【高考链接】
The monthly charge _______ this service is only $29. （全国卷） (for)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge ______ the program （山东卷） (of)
I wonder how much you charge ______ your services. (安徽卷) (for)
4. election n．选举
【原句再现】
One reason is that although I've been working ever since leaving school，I won't be voting in the next general election. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
elect vt.　选举；选择；决定做某事
elect to do sth. 决定/选择做某事
elect sb.(to be/as)... 选某人为……
【精品例句】
The election was held six months ahead of schedule.
选举提前了6个月举行。
If there is an election in your area，you should go and vote.
如果你所居住的地区进行选举，你应该去参加投票。
The final election results will be announced on Friday.
星期五将公布最终选举结果。
【高考链接】
The country is about to take a radical departure by electing a woman ____ its new president. (江苏卷) (as)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Increasing numbers of people elect _______ (work) from home nowadays. (to work)
5. vote v．投票，表决 n．票数；选举权
【原句再现】
One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school, I won’t be voting in the next general election. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
vote for ＝ vote in favor of 　投票赞成
vote against 投票反对
vote on sth. 就某事进行表决
vote to do sth. 投票决定做某事
have/take a vote on sth. 就某事进行表决
have the vote 有选举权
【精品例句】
Today every citizen aged eighteen or over has the right to vote.
如今，年满十八周岁或十八周岁以上的公民都有选举权
The suggestion was approved，with 25 votes in favor，and 7 against.
建议以25票同意，7票反对被通过
As we can't all agree on this matter，let's vote on it.
既然在这件事上大家意见不一，我们表决好了
New Zealand was the first country in the world to give the vote to women in 1893.
1893年新西兰成为世界上第一个赋予妇女选举权的国家
The viewers vote for their favorite person on the show.
节目过程中，电视观众可以给他们最喜欢的选手投票
【高考链接】
We'll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote ______ (decide) it. (湖北课改卷）(to decide)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Only a minority of the class voted _____ the plan. (for)
They then voted whether they will accept it. (on)
6. contact vt. 联络；联系; n．联系；接触
【原句再现】
I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
make contact with＝get in/into contact with…= get in touch with…与……取得联系
lose contact with… = lose touch with…与……失去联系
keep in contact with… = keep in touch with….与……保持联系
be in/out of contact with…= be in/out of touch with…与……有/没有联系
【精品例句】
Have you kept in contact with your classmates after graduation
你毕业后和同学们还保持联系吗？
I've lost contact with most of my school friends.
我已经与大部分校友失去了联系。
I have managed to make contact with an old friend.
我设法与一位老朋友取得联系
【高考链接】
One should get ______ contact with others rather than only satisfying his or her desire. (陕西卷) (in/into)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
In his contact others，he never forces people to accept his point of view. (with)
We agreed (contact)again as soon as possible. (to contact)
7. assume vt. 假定;设想; 担任; 承担
【原句再现】
I assumed I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was! (教材P3)
【词块积累】
assumption n. 假定; 假设
it is assumed + that…..从句… (人们/一般) 认为
make an assumption 认为；假定
on the assumption that... 假定……
assume v. 假定；设想
assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为
assuming (that)... conj.假设/假定……
【精品例句】
We think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
我们认为，假设他们不顾严寒住在这些洞穴里是有道理的
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，压力系工作过重所致
I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it. 我错了，我愿意为此承担责任
The assumption that human clones have already been born hasn't been proved yet.
克隆人已经问世的说法还没有被证实
We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up .
我们假设每个人都会应邀出席，并正在就此作安排。
【高考链接】
The project was predicated on the _________ (assume) that the economy was expanding. (江苏卷) (assumption)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
__________ (assume) that you're chosen to be the leader, what will you do （Assuming）
It is generally ____ (assume) that too much work will cause stress. (assumed)
8. contribute vt.&vi. 捐助; 捐献; 贡献; 造成/促使(某事发生); 投(稿); 撰(稿)
【原句再现】
Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard to save any money. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
contributor n 捐款人; 撰稿人; 起作用的因素
contribution n. 捐款; 捐献物; 贡献; 稿件; 作品
contribute (sth) to sth 对….奉献…；投稿
contribute (money) to the Red Cross向红十字会捐钱
contribute to …对…做出贡献，对….起作用
【精品例句】
It was generous of her to con tribute such a large sum of money.
她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱
He never contributes (ideas) to the discussion. 他在讨论时从不发表意见
Alcohol contributes to 100, 000 deaths a year in the US.
在美国，酒精每年造成10万人死亡
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.
压力是诸多疾病的致病因素
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.
她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章
I gave a contribution of $100 to / toward the church. 我给教堂捐了1 00美元
This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。
【高考链接】
I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution ________ the world. (湖南卷)
(to/toward)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Immigrants have contributed ________ the British culture in many ways. (to/toward)
9. instantly adv. = immediately立刻，马上
【原句再现】
I expected to feel instantly different，as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的
in an instant (＝immediately) 立刻
the instant (that)＝as soon as 一……就……
(at) any instant 随时；在任何情况下
for an instant片刻；一瞬间
悄悄告诉你：名词moment, instant, minute, second与定冠词the 连用可引导时间状语从句，都表示“一……就……”。
【精品例句】
He told me the news the instant (that) he met me．
他一遇见我就告诉了我这个消息
I took an instant dislike to him.
我一见到他就不喜欢他。
I am fed up with instant food.
我厌烦了吃即食的食品。
The machine will start the moment you press this button.
你一按这个按钮机器就会马上启动。
【高考链接】
_______ instant you turn it on, you'll get boiling water from our instant boiling water tap.
(湖南卷) (In)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Just for _______ instant I thought he was going to refuse. (an)
In ______ instant, a car pulled over and a young woman jumped out. (an)
10. approve vi. 赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
【原句再现】
This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents (although I knew they would approve)．(教材P3)
【词块积累】
approve of…赞成，赞许
approve of sb./sb.'s (doing) sth. 同意某人(做)某事
approving adj. 赞成的，同意的
approval n. 赞成，同意；批准，认可
in approval 同意(常作状语)
give one's approval to….批准….
win one's approval 得到某人的赞同
【精品例句】
I very much approve of these new tests.
我非常赞成这些新的测试。
The minister approved the building plan.
部长批准了该建筑计划。
Her father will never approve of her marriage to you.
他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。
She doesn't approve of me leaving school this year.
她不同意我今年离校。
The Russian Parliament has approved a program of radical economic reforms.
俄罗斯议会已经通过一项重大经济改革方案。
Her father will never approve of her marrying such a lazy fellow.
她父亲绝不会赞成她嫁给这样的懒人。
【高考链接】
I approve of your _______ (try) to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
(江苏卷) (trying)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
She doesn't approve _______ our decision. (of)
Hope the arrangements meet with your _______ (approve). (approval)
11. commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
【原句再现】
I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of commitment，and I do like my mom's cooking. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
commit...to…　把……送交/托付给……；对……作出承诺，承担义务，担负责任；使(自己)致力于……
commit oneself to do/to/sth./ doing...承诺；保证做……
commit a crime 犯罪
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
commitment n.承诺；委托；承担义务
【精品例句】
We are committed to improving services.
我们承诺改善服务。
Nobody was prepared to commit themselves.
谁都不愿作出承诺。
She didn't want to commit herself one way or the other.
不管怎样，她都不想作出承诺
Also, be totally committed to what you do, as excellence is only possible with commitment．
此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因为只有完全付出才可能达到卓越。
【高考链接】
The President is committed to _______ (reform)health care. (江苏卷) (reforming)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The boy _______ (commit) to the care of his aunt yesterday. (was committed)
He has committed himself _______ the cause of education. (to)
He has committed himself _______ (support)them. (to support/to supporting)
12. doubt n. 怀疑; 疑惑; 疑虑; vt.怀疑
【原句再现】
Of course，I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point，but I currently don’t have a steady income, so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have! (教材P3)
【词块积累】
doubtful adj. 怀疑的
doubtless adj. 无疑的
doubt about…怀疑…
dismiss/raise doubts 打消/引起疑虑
no/little/some doubt that…注: 在这个结构中，从属连词that引导同位语从句，说明名词doubt的具体内容，that不可省略
…doubt… (as to) 有疑问以至于…
be in doubt不确定; 拿不准
no doubt无疑; 很可能
without / beyond doubt毫无疑问; 的确
doubt + that从句 怀疑…
doubt +if / whether从句 怀疑/疑惑是否….
【精品例句】
If you are in doubt, you should consult your doctor.
Doubt is the key to knowledge. 怀疑是知识的钥匙
I have no doubt about your ability to do this job well.
我完全相信你有能力做好这份工作
I have no doubt that he will succeed. 我对他会成功毫不怀疑
There is some doubt (as to) whether he will be elected.他能否当选还不太确定
The future of the peace talks is in doubt.和谈前途未卜
No doubt you will have your own ideas. 你很可能会有自己的观点
Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away.
收门票无疑会把一些人拒之门外
Without doubt, the number of jobs in information technology will multiply.
毫无疑问，信息技术方面的工作会大大增加
I don't doubt that the gold ring belongs to her我不怀疑那枚金戒指是她的
【高考链接】
There is little/no doubt in your mind _____ he is innocent is there (江苏卷) (that)
There remains a certain ______ (doubtful) among the people as to the practical value of the project. (安徽卷) (doubt)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I doubt ______ that chair will bear your weight. (if/whether)
13. suitable adj.合适的；适用的suit n.西装；一套衣服 vt. (服装、颜色等)适合；对(某人)方便；中……的意
【原句再现】
Choose another suitable title for the passage and give your reasons. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
suitably adv. 合适地，恰当地
be suitable for…= be appropriate for..
unsuitable adj.不合适的
be suitable for...适合……的；
be suitable to do...适合做……
【精品例句】
I want to buy some books suitable for children.
我想让你买些适合孩子们的书
Some occasions may be suitable to speak quite loudly, but for the most parts, it is better not to do so.
一些场合可能适合大声说，但是对于绝大部分场合来说，最好不要这样做
The six survivors lived through their difficulties because of the special rubber suits they were wearing.
这六名幸存者因为穿的橡胶衣服而度过了艰难时刻
I don’t think this coat suits me.
我认为这件大衣不适合我
【高考链接】
These girls are not _____ (suitably) for that kind of work. （湖南卷）(suitable)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
They didn’t feel that this was a _____ (suitably) time/place to mention the subject. (suitable)
This kind of soil is not suitable ______ growing peanuts. (for)
It is so special，so not suitable _______ (discuss) here. (to discuss)
●本单元其它重要词组
14. have a say on…. 有发言权
Surely, if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes, you should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them! (教材)
Residents are being given a chance to have a say on the future of their town.
15. behind the wheel 在驾驶；主管；掌舵
My mum worries about me being behind the wheel. (教材)
I can’t wait to get behind the wheel again.
16.ponder over 深思；沉思；考虑
I pondered deeply, then, over the adventures of the jungle. (教材)
Scientists still ponder over the origin of humans.
17. distinguish…. from…. 区别….与…..
At a glance I can distinguish China from Arizona. (教材)
The colors were so similar that it was difficult to distinguish one from the other.
●句型点拨
1. the way 后面跟定语从句的用法
【原句再现】
Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me. (教材P3)
句式分析：that引导定语从句修饰先行词the way，其中the way在从句中作状语。
【能力拓展】
※ the way后面跟定语从句，the way在从句中作状语，还可以用in which或直接跟定语从句。
※ the way后面跟定语从句，the way在从句中作主语时可以用which或that引导定语从句；the way在从句中作宾语时，可以用which或that引导，也可以省略。
【精品例句】
We need to change the way we think about categories.
我们需要改变对分类的看法。
It's quite easy to make quite small changes to the way that you work
对工作方式做一些小的改变会比较容易。
Open the window in the way that the users want us to open it.
以用户希望的方式打开窗口。
【高考链接】
Without confidence，they will surely not try to find the way ________ is better for their English study. (陕西卷) (which)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I don't like the way ______ which he laughed at me. (in)
2. it 作形式宾语的用法
【原句再现】
Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive，I find it hard to save any money. (教材P3)
句式分析：本句中的it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to save any money。
【能力拓展】
※ 动词＋prep.＋it＋that...
※ 动词＋it＋介词短语＋that...
※ 动词＋it＋when/if/that...
※ sb.＋hate/dislike/love/like＋it＋when...
※ sb.＋appreciate/prefer＋it＋if...
【精品例句】
I think it (that) he will come on time.
我认为他会准时来的。
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
他立志决不向别人借钱。
I don't feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
我觉得听懂《特别英语》节目并不难。
【高考链接】
I really appreciate _______ if you could help me with my math. (陕西卷) (it)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I hate _______ when my mother asks me to eat eggs. (it)
We owe it to you ______ there wasn't a serious accident. (that)
●将来进行时（详见语法课件）
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