高考英语完形填空技巧学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 高考英语完形填空技巧学案（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 71.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-03 08:23:00 | ||
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文档简介
专攻解题方法与技巧
完形填空技巧
出题者的初衷： 完形填空考查的是对学生的综合语言运用能力，但是每一个空格的设置并不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出的某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性。考生应该通过上下文的暗示获取解题信息，留意暗送的“秋波”，也就是：关键词. 完型填空 之能力训练目标：1.词语辨析能力2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意图剖析能力7.生活常识综合运用能力总的原则: “先完意，后完形”。三步曲：通览------试填-----复核
1 通览----速度全文，把握大意 快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。
2 试填----紧扣文意，瞻前顾后 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。
3 复核----全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确 试填后，要把全文再通读一遍 ，看所选答案填入后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。
解题技巧
一．重视首句暗示，进行猜测性推理判断
1. [2010·广东] Every country has its own culture.
Even though each country uses doors, doors may have practical functions and purposes which lead to __1__ differences.
1. A. national B. embarrassing C. cultural D. amazing
2. I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be anything but a failure. ”
36.A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful
二. 充分利用上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。（同义词或反义词）
1. Many old people don’t have good ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .
A hearing B health C eyesight D time
2. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very______.
A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous
3. I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor，I was___ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第26小题）
A helpless B lazy C anxious D tired
4. … and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_____, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题）
A graduation B movement C separation D vacation
三．从上下文逻辑着手
这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折、让步、因果、递进关系等，并结合语境选答案。
1. It has been many years since I was last in London, ＿＿ I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
2. …Such is Dad —whatever problem he 25_meets_with,_he never gives up.
__26__， the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country ...
A. Thankfully B．Hopefully C．Unfortunately D．Strangely
4. …and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange__37_quite pleasant taste.
37. A. besides B. but C. and D. or
5. Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B. living C. teaching D. learning
51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover
四. 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择. 完形填空题以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间无不渗透着各类相关的常识与知识。考生做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地选出正确的答案。
1. [2010·湖北] Susan used her hands to __1__ the seats and settled in one of them.
It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of__2__.
1.A. touch B. grab C. count D. feel
2.A. weakness B. sickness C. darkness D. sadness
2. The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Owning springs and streams means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.
dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
： …,she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00. On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.
39. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy
3. Immediately the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the＿＿＿hospital.
A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest
4. .. One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 54 with a friend and close relatives. The odd thing is that we more often display great 55 towards someone we are fond of than towards 56 . ( 02 上海卷）
54. A. mind B. memory C. manner D. temper
55. A. anger B. interest C. love D. respect
56. A. strangers B. friends C. relatives D. colleagues
从语法角度来解题
I went into a café and asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed loneliness.
Before B．Since C．Although D．While
2. It was then __25__ I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 26_balancing_ family and work.
25． A.when B．Where C．which D．That
3. I realized that____ I had done that, I would have lost a new friend.
A. before B. if C. while D. as
4. When Ed first phoned and ___ we play, I laughed quietly,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003 , 37题）
A.declared B. mentioned C.persuaded D. suggested
六. 从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解. 题词语固定搭配及辨析 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态，不能随意变动。所以，考生应掌握习惯用法，用它来分析破解完形填空题或许可算得上是一件秘密武器。
1. He was only fourteen and not good at swimming_1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.
1.A.after all B. in all C. at all D. for all
2. So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college.
45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back
3. I realized strength and courage aren’t always 1 in medals and victories, but in the 2 we overcome.克服 (2004 天津 )
1. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased
2. A. sadness B. struggles奋斗 C. diseases D. tiredness
4. The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant having a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 1 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 2 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
2. A. ago B. after C. before D. now
七. 利用词汇的复现解题. “词汇的复现”是指某一词以原词、同义词或近义词、概括词以及其他形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。
1. How does a tooth go bad The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel (珐琅）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill.
51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt
2. The strange thing was that practically all the students went to class, and very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed up or ___ class. (NMET2000春）
A. attended B. took C. missed D. studied
3. [2009·上海] Write down all the ideas / words associated with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the __1__ to the job you have to do.
1. A. ideas B．ambition C. achievement D．technique
4. [2010·湖南] …Beans, and I walk the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail to follow the smell of a deer track or __1__ some cause known only to him.
…
Since our adventure, I concluded that Beans probably knew all along how to get home. He was just having too much fun exploring new trails.
A. imagine B. consider C. explore D. present
八. 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
1. And video cameras can be used to ___people’s actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
2. When the papers were____ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered
3. Japan is an island country and its_①__ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _②__.
① A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains
② A.buy B. catch C.hold D.weigh
Practice：
When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little ____ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.
A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later
2. I turned the key in the lock and _____the door open.
knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried
3. All over the world people swim for fun. Swimming is enjoyed by people of ______ages, from the very young to the very old. There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools.
A. all B. none C. some D. both
4. I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to ELCapitan, a 16 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 17(immediately) I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion(钟爱) ever since--- 18 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite.
16. A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose
18. A. imagining B. painting C. describing D. climbing
5. My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body ” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My ________，Mommy．”
She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聋的）…
ears B. eyes C. body D.head
6. At this moment, the air hostess 1 . She looked pale, but was quite 2 .
1. A. showed B. presented C. exposed D. appeared
2. A. well B. still C. calm D. quiet
7. We don’t have to tell children 55 they’d learn from the story and what the moral is.
A. that B. what C. which D. whom
Our father was a struggling lawyer , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
9. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker
10. It was 4 o’clock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clark was ____ tea at the time.
A. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving
You need to believe in yourself that you can achieve it, that is, you need to have 1 in your goals and your path to that success.
A. preparation B. attempt C. faith D. support
12. As a result, all students must complete sixty hours of service learning, 1 they will not receive a diploma. A. and B. or C. but D. for
13. The space is left to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets ___.
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
14. I have to work late tonight. I doubt if I'll be able to ____ it on time.
A. reach B. keep C. take D. make
15. The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just ____ the best of everything they have. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try
16. As my father,____worked three jobs,once told me, …（2003 北京 54题）
A.he B. that C. who D.whoever
完形填空技巧答案：
一CB
CADA
三. CCBDB
四. D/CADD DAA
五. DDBD
六CCA/BB/C
七. BCAC
八. CCA/B Practice 1. BC AB/D A D/C B C/D D/CB CBCDC
完形填空技巧
出题者的初衷： 完形填空考查的是对学生的综合语言运用能力，但是每一个空格的设置并不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出的某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性。考生应该通过上下文的暗示获取解题信息，留意暗送的“秋波”，也就是：关键词. 完型填空 之能力训练目标：1.词语辨析能力2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意图剖析能力7.生活常识综合运用能力总的原则: “先完意，后完形”。三步曲：通览------试填-----复核
1 通览----速度全文，把握大意 快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。
2 试填----紧扣文意，瞻前顾后 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。
3 复核----全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确 试填后，要把全文再通读一遍 ，看所选答案填入后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。
解题技巧
一．重视首句暗示，进行猜测性推理判断
1. [2010·广东] Every country has its own culture.
Even though each country uses doors, doors may have practical functions and purposes which lead to __1__ differences.
1. A. national B. embarrassing C. cultural D. amazing
2. I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14, he said, “You’re never going to be anything but a failure. ”
36.A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful
二. 充分利用上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。（同义词或反义词）
1. Many old people don’t have good ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .
A hearing B health C eyesight D time
2. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very______.
A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous
3. I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor，I was___ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第26小题）
A helpless B lazy C anxious D tired
4. … and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_____, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题）
A graduation B movement C separation D vacation
三．从上下文逻辑着手
这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折、让步、因果、递进关系等，并结合语境选答案。
1. It has been many years since I was last in London, ＿＿ I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
2. …Such is Dad —whatever problem he 25_meets_with,_he never gives up.
__26__， the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country ...
A. Thankfully B．Hopefully C．Unfortunately D．Strangely
4. …and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange__37_quite pleasant taste.
37. A. besides B. but C. and D. or
5. Students generally appreciate these special 50 opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B. living C. teaching D. learning
51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover
四. 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择. 完形填空题以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间无不渗透着各类相关的常识与知识。考生做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地选出正确的答案。
1. [2010·湖北] Susan used her hands to __1__ the seats and settled in one of them.
It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of__2__.
1.A. touch B. grab C. count D. feel
2.A. weakness B. sickness C. darkness D. sadness
2. The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Owning springs and streams means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.
dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
： …,she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00. On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.
39. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy
3. Immediately the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the＿＿＿hospital.
A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest
4. .. One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 54 with a friend and close relatives. The odd thing is that we more often display great 55 towards someone we are fond of than towards 56 . ( 02 上海卷）
54. A. mind B. memory C. manner D. temper
55. A. anger B. interest C. love D. respect
56. A. strangers B. friends C. relatives D. colleagues
从语法角度来解题
I went into a café and asked for a coffee. 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed loneliness.
Before B．Since C．Although D．While
2. It was then __25__ I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 26_balancing_ family and work.
25． A.when B．Where C．which D．That
3. I realized that____ I had done that, I would have lost a new friend.
A. before B. if C. while D. as
4. When Ed first phoned and ___ we play, I laughed quietly,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003 , 37题）
A.declared B. mentioned C.persuaded D. suggested
六. 从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解. 题词语固定搭配及辨析 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态，不能随意变动。所以，考生应掌握习惯用法，用它来分析破解完形填空题或许可算得上是一件秘密武器。
1. He was only fourteen and not good at swimming_1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.
1.A.after all B. in all C. at all D. for all
2. So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college.
45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back
3. I realized strength and courage aren’t always 1 in medals and victories, but in the 2 we overcome.克服 (2004 天津 )
1. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased
2. A. sadness B. struggles奋斗 C. diseases D. tiredness
4. The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant having a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 1 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 2 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
2. A. ago B. after C. before D. now
七. 利用词汇的复现解题. “词汇的复现”是指某一词以原词、同义词或近义词、概括词以及其他形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。
1. How does a tooth go bad The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel (珐琅）covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into blood, and we may feel quite ill.
51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt
2. The strange thing was that practically all the students went to class, and very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed up or ___ class. (NMET2000春）
A. attended B. took C. missed D. studied
3. [2009·上海] Write down all the ideas / words associated with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the __1__ to the job you have to do.
1. A. ideas B．ambition C. achievement D．technique
4. [2010·湖南] …Beans, and I walk the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail to follow the smell of a deer track or __1__ some cause known only to him.
…
Since our adventure, I concluded that Beans probably knew all along how to get home. He was just having too much fun exploring new trails.
A. imagine B. consider C. explore D. present
八. 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
1. And video cameras can be used to ___people’s actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
2. When the papers were____ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered
3. Japan is an island country and its_①__ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _②__.
① A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains
② A.buy B. catch C.hold D.weigh
Practice：
When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little ____ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.
A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later
2. I turned the key in the lock and _____the door open.
knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried
3. All over the world people swim for fun. Swimming is enjoyed by people of ______ages, from the very young to the very old. There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools.
A. all B. none C. some D. both
4. I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to ELCapitan, a 16 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 17(immediately) I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion(钟爱) ever since--- 18 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite.
16. A. distant B. huge C. narrow D. loose
18. A. imagining B. painting C. describing D. climbing
5. My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body ” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My ________，Mommy．”
She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聋的）…
ears B. eyes C. body D.head
6. At this moment, the air hostess 1 . She looked pale, but was quite 2 .
1. A. showed B. presented C. exposed D. appeared
2. A. well B. still C. calm D. quiet
7. We don’t have to tell children 55 they’d learn from the story and what the moral is.
A. that B. what C. which D. whom
Our father was a struggling lawyer , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
9. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker
10. It was 4 o’clock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clark was ____ tea at the time.
A. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving
You need to believe in yourself that you can achieve it, that is, you need to have 1 in your goals and your path to that success.
A. preparation B. attempt C. faith D. support
12. As a result, all students must complete sixty hours of service learning, 1 they will not receive a diploma. A. and B. or C. but D. for
13. The space is left to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets ___.
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
14. I have to work late tonight. I doubt if I'll be able to ____ it on time.
A. reach B. keep C. take D. make
15. The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just ____ the best of everything they have. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try
16. As my father,____worked three jobs,once told me, …（2003 北京 54题）
A.he B. that C. who D.whoever
完形填空技巧答案：
一CB
CADA
三. CCBDB
四. D/CADD DAA
五. DDBD
六CCA/BB/C
七. BCAC
八. CCA/B Practice 1. BC AB/D A D/C B C/D D/CB CBCDC