外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit2 Improving yourself 单元考点突破学案（无答案）

名师原创：Unit2 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. resist vt&vi. 抗拒，抵制，抵抗，忍住
【原句再现】
Do you find it difficult to resist temptation such as junk food (教材P13)
【词块积累】
resistance n. 反抗，抵制
resist doing sth. 反对/抵制做某事
resist an enemy attack 抵抗敌人的进攻
【精品例句】
The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 银行强烈反对降息
I can’t resist the temptation. 我抵制不了这种诱惑
I finished the cake. I can’t resist it. 我忍不住把蛋糕吃光了
He found it hard to resist buying these books. 他发现忍住不买这些书很难
【高考链接】
He couldn’t resist _____ (eat) all of the ice cream. (安徽卷) (eating)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
She couldn’t resist _____ (buy) many clothes last week. (buying)
2. fail vt&vi 不能；未能；失败；没通过（考试）；不及格；评定（某人）不及格；出故障；失灵；（常用进行时， 指健康、体力、视力等）衰退；减弱；消失；使失望；使无能为力
【原句再现】
Do you fail to get work done because you cannot concentrate (教材P13)
【词块积累】
fail to do sth. 未能/不能做某事；做某事失败
fail in sth. …不及格
failure 失败；失败的人/事；故障；失灵
the power failure 停电
the engine failure 发动机出故障
【精品例句】
We tried but failed. 我们尝试过，可是失败了
It is very important to find out why you failed to achieve your goal.
找到没实现目标的原因很重要
I passed in history but failed (in) chemistry.
我通过了历史考试，但化学不及格
Her work was so bad that the teacher had no choice but to fail her.
她考得太差，老师只能给她不及格
He saw a terrible accident in which a tram’s brakes failed.
他看见一起可怕的事故，一辆有轨电车的制动装置失灵了
His eyesight is failing. 他的视力日渐衰退
When we needed his help, he failed us.
我们需要他帮助的时候， 他却让我们失望了
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母
In fact, he thought of himself as a failure. 事实上，他认为自己是个失败者
【高考链接】
William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ______. (全国卷)
A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage (C)
Words ______ me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house. (湖南卷)
A. failed B. left C. discouraged D. disappointed (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I never fail _______ (phone) my parents on their birthday. (to phone)
3. rank n．(尤指较高的) 地位；级别；军衔；行列 v. 把……分等级；排列；使排成行
【原句再现】
The top four negative aspects of social media as ranked by Chinese users are: reduced time for reading printed books, poorer eyesight, privacy and information security concerns, and reduced sleep time. (教材原句P14)
【词块积累】
a painter of the first rank 一流的画家
a man of rank 有地位的人
hold the rank of captain 拥有上尉军衔
【精品例句】
That summer I was fired and joined the ranks of the unemployed.
那年夏天，我被解雇了，加入了失业的行列
They rank Lang Lang as a first – class pianist.
他们把朗朗列为一流钢琴家
She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.
她不习惯与社会高层的人混在一起
He was soon promoted to the rank of captain.
不久他被晋升为上尉军衔
The tasks have been ranked in order of difficulty.
这些任务按照难易程度分了等级
【高考链接】
That day he invited people of all _______ (rank) to his birthday party．（甘肃卷）(ranks)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
These countries ______ (rank) in the order of size 20 years ago. (was ranked)
4. security n．安全
【原句再现】
The top four negative aspects of social media as ranked by Chinese users are: reduced time for reading printed books，poorer eyesight，privacy and information security concerns，and reduced sleep time. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
secure adj.稳定的，无忧无虑的 vt.使安全；保卫
be secure against/from ….没有……的危险
be secure of ….对……有把握；确信
feel/be secure about/as to …..对……觉得放心
【精品例句】
They carried out security checks at the airport.
他们在机场实行了安全检查工作。
The immediate security threat has disappeared.
眼前的安全威胁已不复存在了。
They have tightened security along the border.
他们加强了边境的安全工作。
【高考链接】
A good fire is a security ______ wild beasts. (江苏卷) (against)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Now my house is secure ______ burglary. (against)
I feel secure _____ my future. (about/of)
5. switch vt. 转换；交换　vt. & vi. (使)改变；转变　n．开关；转换器；改变
【原句再现】
With the detox now finished，they've switched on their devices and they're back online. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
make a switch　改变
switch off 关 (电灯、机器等)；切断(电流、气体等)
switch on 开(电灯、机器等)；打开(开关)；接通(电流等)
switch (from...)to... (从……) 转变成，(从……) 转换到
switch sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
【精品例句】
We asked them if they would switch places with us．
我们问他们是否愿意和我们调换位置
Switch off the TV before you go out.
你出门前要把电视关掉。
The remote control allows you to switch easily between TV channels.
遥控器让你在不同的电视频道之间轻松地转换。
Where is the light switch
电灯开关在哪儿？
We had to make a switch in our arrangements.
我们不得不对我们的安排做出变动。
【高考链接】
These students switched _______ the lamps because it was dark in the classroom. (江苏卷) (on)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He was so stubborn that he refused to make _______ switch. (a)
6. motivate v．激发，激励
【原句再现】
I bet you're as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days! (教材P14)
【词块积累】
motivate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
motivation n. 动力，提供动机
motivated adj. 积极的；主动的
be/feel motivated to do sth. 积极/主动做某事
improve/increase one’s motivation 增强某人的积极性
a strong motivation for sth. …的强烈动机
【精品例句】
She motivated students to learn music with her creativity.
她用自己的创造力激发学生学习音乐
Escape can be a strong motivation for travel.
逃避现实可以成为旅游的一种强烈动机
She's very good at motivating her students.
她非常擅长激励她的学生。
I know it sounds corny，but I'm really not motivated by money.
我知道这听起来是陈词滥调，不过金钱真的激励不了我。
Perhaps this can motivate you to study hard!
可能这个会激励你努力学习！
【高考链接】
Her _____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. (湖北卷)
A. motivation B. qualification C. talent D. technique (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This article is going to motivate you ________ (exercise) more. (to exercise)
We do not have imagination or ________ (motivate)． (motivation)
7. reflection n. 反映；映像；反射；深思
【原句再现】
But on reflection，I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
reflect vt. 反映；反射(声、光、热等)；显示；表达　vi. 深思
the reflection of the trees in the lake湖面上树的倒影
the reflection of a sound wave声波的反射
reflective adj. 反射的，反映的；沉思的；深思的；(指物体表面)反光的
reflect on/upon sth. 认真思考……
【精品例句】
Her face was reflected in the mirror: 镜子中映出她的脸
Mid-Autumn celebrations reflect Chinese cultural traditions.
中秋节庆祝活动反映了中国的文化 传统
On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well.
在回家的路上，他想这次面试进行得很顺利
On some level, a student’s grades are a reflection on the teacher.
在某种程度上，学生的成绩是老师水平的反映
Her facial expression reflected how she really felt.
她的面部表情反映出了她的真实感受
Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community.
我们的报纸力求表达当地人民的心声
Before I decide, I need time to reflect.
在作出决定以前，我需要时间认真考虑
The manager needed more time to reflect on/upon what to do.
经理需要更多的时间来思考做什么
【高考链接】
1. Without the forest cover, these areas would _____more heat into t he atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. (安徽卷) (reflect)
2. The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end , all the young people in our group began to reflect ___ what it had meant. (浙江卷) ( on/upon )
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
1. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats，the friends with whom he spends his time and his house _____ his personality. (湖北卷)
A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes ( C )
2. Usually a child's behavior is a ______ of his family environment. (山西卷)
A. recognition B. reflection C. return D. record ( B )
8. occupy v. 占领，占据；占用(时间、空间、面积等)；使忙于；(使)全神贯注
【原句再现】
But on reflection，I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
occupy oneself with/in sth. 使自己忙于某事
occupied adj. (人)无暇的；忙碌的；(物)在使用中；已占用；不空闲
be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事
occupation n. 职业
【精品例句】
I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
工作太忙，我一直没时间参加社交活动
The hospital bed is occupied by his wife.
那张病床由他妻子占用。
Many men still occupy more positions of power than women.
许多男性仍比女性占有更多的权力职位。
Exercise equipment or office furniture should not occupy this room.
锻炼器材或办公室的家具不应该占用这间房子。
【高考链接】
_______ (occupy) in looking after three children at home，she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club. (湖南卷) (Occupied)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
A teacher should occupy himself ______ education as well as with teaching. (with)
Please fill in the form stating your _______ (occupy)．(occupation)
9. access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的) 机会；vt.进入；使用；获取
【原句再现】
I knew there was a party happening that evening，but without access to social media I couldn't remember where it was! (教材P15)
【词块积累】
gain/get/have/obtain access to….可以到达/使用/得到(机会，权利等)
give access to… 得以接近；准许进入
accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
be accessible to sb. 易被某人接近/使用/进入等
【精品例句】
Students at the Belfast campus have access to excellent sports facilities.
在贝尔法斯特校园的学生可以使用极好的体育设施。
The facilities have been adapted to give access to wheelchair users.
这些设施已经改造过以方便轮椅使用者进入。
Students must have access to good resources.
学生必须拥有良好的资源。
Such information is not really accessible，as ordinary people have no access to it.
这种信息不是很容易得到的，因为普通人无法得到这种信息
【高考链接】
1. Kids shouldn't have access ________ violent films because they might imitate the things they see. (湖南卷) (to)
2. Nowadays，most services are rated on the Internet，which are easy ________ (access). ( 陕西卷) (to access)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
1. The remote desert area is ________ (access) only by helicopter. (accessible)
2. I have no access _____ the data bank. (to)
10. make full use of充分利用
【原句再现】
My brother thought I should make full use of the time without my phone, so he took me to check out our local sports center. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
make the best use of ….. = make the most of…= make good/full use of…..= take full advantage of …好好利用；合理利用; 充分利用
make little use of…..没有很好利用
be of great use很有用
go out of use 不被使用；废弃
be in use 在使用中
【精品例句】
Have you found the best way to make full use of the materials
你找到了充分利用这些材料的最好方法了吗？
We must strive to seize and make full use of every opportunity to improve ourselves.
我们必须努力抓住和充分利用生活中的每一个机会来提高自己。
Now that you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.
既然你有了这个机会，你可以充分的利用它了。
【高考链接】
The irrigation canals that have fallen into disrepair are still _____ use. (江苏卷) (in)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
First of all，if we work hard，we can make good use _____ our talents. (of)
I'm sure my major would be ______ great use for the position. (of)
11. other than除了，而非
【原句再现】
After reading the posts on this forum，it seems that something other than money has also been raised through the detox. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
rather than…而不是….
or rather 更确切地说
【精品例句】
She makes no reference to any feminist work other than her own.
除了自己的，她没有提及其他女权主义著作。
She has no close friends other than him.
除了他以外她没有好朋友。
If it is the case，I cannot do anything other than say sorry to you!
如果是这样的话，我除了向你说声对不起，已经不知道该做些什么了。
【高考链接】
I met him very late on Friday night，________ rather，early on Saturday morning.(江苏卷) (or)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Does anybody ______ than yourself know this (other)
I decided to send an e mail rather _____ telephone. (than)
12. rely on/upon….. 依靠；依赖
【原句再现】
Awareness of just how much we rely on social media can help us step away from it and communicate with each other better. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的
a reliable friend　可靠的朋友
be reliable as….作为……是可靠的
rely v. 信任；信赖；依赖；依靠
rely on it that... 相信…..
rely on/upon sb./sth. = depend on/upon sb./sth. 依靠/依赖某人/某事
rely on/upon sb. to do sth. = depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事
【精品例句】
The young man is honest, cooperative, and is always there when you need his help. In short, he's reliable.
那个年轻人诚实，且有合作精神，当你需要他帮忙的时候，他总是在那儿。简言之，他很可靠。
It has a highly reliable control system.
它具备一套极可靠的控制系统。
He's a good musician and totally reliable．
他是个出色的音乐家，而且非常可靠。
The land, the essential means of production, is the most reliable living security that the peasants can rely on．
土地作为基本的生产资料，是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。
【高考链接】
It would be better to rely _______ ourselves than on others. (天津卷) (on/upon)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This statement is not reliable _______ evidence. (as)
You may rely on _______ that he will help you. (it)
13. equipment n. 装备，设备，用具
【原句再现】
The detox raised a total of ￡1,632.82 for new school sports equipment! (教材P15)
【词块积累】
a piece/set of equipment　一件/套设备
poorly/well equipped
equip vt．装备，配备；使有准备，使有资格
equip sb./sth. with sth. 给…装备/配备；使…具备（技能等）
【精品例句】
They can not afford to equip their army properly.他们没有财力好好装备自己的军队
The boys equipped themselves with food, tents and sleeping bags for their journey.
男孩们为他们的旅行准备了事物，帐篷和睡袋
The manager decided to equip the workshop with modern machines.
经理决定用现代化的设备装备车间
Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland to produce more.
采用新的科学种植法他们能用更少的耕地产出更多的粮食
We equip students with the skills they will need once they leave college.
我们要使学生掌握大学毕业后所需的技能
The government has an interest in bringing in new equipment.
政府对引进新设备非常感兴趣
With the modern equipment，our work was finished ahead of time.
有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了
After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室起火后，大量设备被损坏了
【高考链接】
I have been busy preparing all the broken office _____ (equip) these days.(湖北课改卷）(equipment)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
As students，we should equip ourselves _____ knowledge. (with)
Our new school ______ (equip) with all the necessaries in teaching. (is equipped)
●本单元其它重要词组
14. be persuaded to do sth. 被说服做某事
At the start of the detox, over100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media… (教材)
She was persuaded to change her mind.
15. switch on… 开启；接通
With the detox now finished, they’ve switched on their devices and they’re back online. (教材)
Don’t switch on the light.
16.on reflection 经过思考；经再三考虑
But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking. (教材)
At the time I thought I was right, but on reflection I think perhaps I wasn’t.
17. be occupied with….. 忙于….；从事于….
But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking. (教材)
He’s still fully occupied with writing his report.
18. miss out 错过；遗漏；省略
I managed the whole week! At first, I really felt I was missing out. (教材)
We will be repeating the questions later, so you won’t miss out.
19. be distracted by….被搞得心烦意乱；被搞得要发狂
Without your phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without being distracted by messages from other people. (教材)
She was distracted by the sound of running water.
20. throw in the towel 认输；放弃
I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day! I knew there was a party happening that evening, but without access to social media I couldn’t remember where it was! (教材)
Don’t throw in the towel.
21. without access to…. 没有访问….的权限；享受不到….
I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day! I knew there was a party happening that evening, but without access to social media I couldn’t remember where it was! (教材)
There are still a lot of people without access to clean water in the world.
22. max out 花光（钱）；刷爆；累惨了
Recent headlines have seen more and more teens maxing out their parents’ credit cards on games or other online activities. (教材)
I found training for the half marathon really difficult. I maxed out after running 10 km.
23. barrier to… …..的障碍；….的屏障
In contrast to these big spenders, there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money. (教材)
A lack of education is a barrier to many good jobs.
24. in control of…. 控制….；掌控….
It was from then on that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with the money they receive: spend, save, invest or give (教材)
Mr. Green is the person in control of all medical decisions at the hospital.
25. put aside 储存(…备用); 把….放一边，暂不考虑；撇开
Although this could likewise involve putting aside money for your university education, it also means investing in yourself. (教材)
She put at least 100 yuan a week aside for trips.
●句型点拨
1. with 构成的复合结构
【原句再现】
With the detox now finished，they've switched on their devices and they're back online. (教材P14)
句式分析：句中With the detox now finished为with复合结构作伴随状语，其构成为：with＋宾语＋宾补。
【能力拓展】
温馨告知：with的复合结构主要用来说明附带情况或具体细节，在句中可作原因、方式、条件或伴随状语等，有时也可作定语。其构成形式主要有：
※ with＋宾语＋形容词
※ with＋宾语＋副词；
※ with＋宾语＋介词短语；
※ with＋宾语＋动词的现在分词，表示动作正在进行且宾语与动词是主动关系；
※ with＋宾语＋动词的过去分词，表示动作已经发生且宾语与动词是被动关系；
※ with＋宾语＋动词不定式，表示动作还未发生。
【精品例句】
With the old man leading the way we got to the top of the mountain easily.
有那位老人带路，我们很容易就到了山顶。
The village is beautiful with the trees covered with snow.
由于树木都披上了银装，这个村庄显得十分美丽。
With much work to do， he went to the factory ahead of time.
因为有那么多的工作要做，他提前返回了工厂。
I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。
She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。
【高考链接】
You can eat cleanly and healthily with your hands ___________ (wash) before meals. (陕西卷) (washed)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
With the crowds _________ (cheer)，they drove to the palace. (cheering)
With no one _______ (talk) to，John felt miserable. (to talk)
2. make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 构成的复合结构
【原句再现】
The detox made me healthier! (教材P15)
句式分析：本句中made me healthier是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构；本句用形容词作宾补。
【能力拓展】
温馨告知：“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构常见有：
※ make + 宾语 + 形容词作宾语补足语
※ make + 宾语 + 动词原形（不带to的动词不定式）作宾语补足语
※ make + 宾语 + 过去分词作宾语补足语
※ make + 宾语 + 介词短语作宾语补足语
※ make + 宾语 + 名词或名词词组作宾语补足语
悄悄告诉你：当make + 宾语 + 动词原形（不带to的动词不定式）作宾语补足语这一结构变成被动机构时，原来的动词原形变为带to的动词不定式，请观察下面的句子
His mother made him do some housework yesterday afternoon.
→He was made to do some housework yesterday afternoon.
【精品例句】
Our teacher often makes us do some extra homework.
做一些额外作业。
The news made him very happy.
这消息使得他非常高兴。
Internet makes our life easy and convenient.
因特网使我们的生活更加轻松方便。
The terrible smell makes people sick.
那可怕的气味使人们恶心。
【高考链接】
Though he had often made his little sister cry，today he was made _______ (cry) by his little sister. (陕西卷) (to cry)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I hate _______ when my mother asks me to eat eggs. (it)
We owe it to you ______ there wasn't a serious accident. (that)
●过去完成时的被动语态（详见语法课件）
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