2023届高考英语二轮复习非谓语动词 讲义 （无答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习非谓语动词 讲义 （无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-03 14:40:03 | ||
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非谓语动词
定义：不能充当谓语的动词，但可以在句子充当其他句子成分（主/宾/表/定/状/宾补）
Task 1. 学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
①The girl (read) books in the classroom now.
分析：该句 连接词/引导词,是 句, 谓语动词,所以横线上填 动词,根据时间标志词 ，谓语动词的时态为 。
②The girl (read) books in the classroom everyday and she looks very confident.
分析：该句_____连词 ,是 句;其中, 左边的 句中 谓语动词,所以横线上填 动词，时态为 。（注意: and连接的两个句子,谓语动词的时态保持一致)
③The girl (read) books in the classroom now looks very confident.
分析：该句 连接词/引导词,是 句, 谓语动词，所以横线上填 动词, 因为the girls与动词read之间是 关系，所以非谓语动词选 。
④The girl who (read) books in the classroom now looks very confident.
分析：该句 引导词 ,是 句，从句 谓语动词，所以横线上填 动词，根据时间标志词 ，谓语动词的时态为 。
Summary；使用非谓语动词的条件：
如果句中已经存在一个 动词，且在没有 的情况下，那么,另一个动词要选用 动词。
Exercise 1
判断下列句子应使用（A.谓语）还是 (B.非谓语动词)。
（1）The book _____(write) by San Mao.
（2）I like reading the novels ____ (write) by San Mao.
（3）Lily_____(go) into the classroom, opened her book and wrote on the blackboard.
（4）Although it is winter now, the tree in the school campus ____(look) beautiful.
（5）The girl that lives in the city _____(make) a phone call to the farmer yesterday.
（6）She got off the bus, but _____(leave) her book in the bus.
（7）She got off the bus, ______(hold) her book.
Task 2. 如何选择恰当的非谓语动词形式
（1）He often works hard to earn more money.
（2）The meeting is to be held next week.
→ 动词不定式to do 在句中通常表示: 和 。
（3）Hearing the news, he couldn’t help laughing.
（4）We see them dancing in the TV now.
→ 现在分词(doing) 通常在句中表示: 和 。
（5）Pointed at by others, he felt very angry.
（6）You can drink boiled water.
→ 过去分词(done) 通常在句中表示: 和 。
Summary :
确定谓语动词还是非谓语动词 →填非谓语动词：句子中已有 且无 。
判断非谓语动词的形式：
→ 表目的和将来，用__________________
逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间 → 表主动和进行，用__________________
→ 表被动和完成，用__________________
考点一：非谓语动词作定语
1.a sleeping child
2.those people wishing to join the club
3.the story written by a middle school student
归纳：
位置：单个的非谓语动词作定语，常位于被修饰的名词_________;分词短语作定语，常位于被修饰的名词___________。
1.The________(run)boy is my middle school classmate.
2.A man_______(wear)sunglasses suddenly appeared in class on day.
3.So far nobody has claimed the money__________(discover) in the library.
4.People_______(live)in the city do not know the pressure of country life.
5.________(speak)English is different from written English in many ways.
解题技巧：非谓语动词作定语，其逻辑主语为__________________,则判断__________________________________________。
高考真题——单句语法填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
2．(2020·7月浙江卷)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology (change) lives.
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans (retire) from her 36 year old business.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call (say) she was short listed, we thought it was a joke.
5．As I was about to give up hope，a man________ (drive) a dirty old car came to my aid.
6．But remember，only officially _________(recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians are qualified to give medical suggestions.
7．(北京卷)Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time _______(spend) with his students.
8．(江西卷)On receiving a phone call from his wife______(say) she had a fall，Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
考点二：非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词在句中作状语时，可放置在句首、句中或句尾。表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步或伴随等情况。如：
（1）-ing分词作状语
He sat in the chair, reading newspapers.
The hurricane left at last, causing so much damage to the area.
（2）-ed分词作状语
Seen from space, the earth looks blue.
Frightened, he couldn’t move his feet.
（3）-to do不定式作状语
To catch the early train, we started early.
We hurried to the station, only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.
高考链接——单句语法填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e (find) and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The next morning he hired a boat and set out________ (find) the well known painter.
3．(2020·7月浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ______________(make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
4．(2020·1月浙江卷)The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large，_____________(compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ____________(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
6．(2019·北京卷)Nervously_____________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
考点三：非谓语动词作宾语
1.有些动词或动词短语后通常接不定式作宾语,巧记如下:
想要做:want,wish,hope,expect,seek,attempt,aim,claim,would like/love,desire
早打算:plan,prepare,arrange
同意否:agree,promise,undertake,offer,refuse
问问看:ask,beg
决定了:decide,determine,make up one’s mind,be determined
尽力做:manage(反义词fail),struggle,strive
努力做:make an effort
别装蒜:pretend
2.有些动词或动词短语后常接动词-ing形式作宾语,巧记如下:
考虑建议盼原谅: consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon
承认推迟没得想: admit,delay/put off,fancy
避免错过继续练: avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice
否认完成停止赏: deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡: can’t help,mind,allow/permit,escape
不准冒险凭想象: forbid,risk,imagine
3.既可用动词-ing形式,也可用动词不定式作宾语,但意义区别明显的动词
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做) regret to do sth. 对即将做的事表示遗憾(未做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做) regret doing sth.对做过的事表示后悔(已做)
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做) try to do sth.尽力去做某事
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做) try doing sth. 尝试做某事
go on to do sth.继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事
考点四：非谓语动词作宾语补足语
高考中考查的宾语补足语常用结构：
使役动词有：have, get, make, let
He had his son stand there.
（省略to的不定式作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……做某事” ，表示主动意义。)
He had his son standing there for an hour.
（-ing分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……一直做某事”，表示主动意义。此时，句中往往需要出现时间段。）
He had his bike repaired.
（-ed分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……被做某事”，表示被动意义。）
2.感官动词有：一感feel，二听hear，listen to 四看see, watch, notice, observe
We heard her sing.
（省略to的不定式作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……做某事的全过程，或看到/听到时，此动作已完成” ，表示主动意义。）
We heard her singing.
（-ing分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……正在做某事” ，表示主动意义。）
We heard something stolen.
（-ed分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“看到/听到……被做某事” ，表示被动意义。）
with的复合结构: with+宾语+宾语补足语
The old man takes a walk every day with his dog following him.
（-ing分词作with复合结构中的宾语补足语，表示主动意义。）
The old man takes a walk every day with his dog tied to his hand.
（-ed分词作with复合机构中的宾语补足语，表示被动意义。）
With much homework to finish, the boy couldn’t go to play football with his friends.
（-to do不定式作with复合机构中的宾语补足语，表示将来被动意义。）
1. With so much work ______ (finish), he had to work all day and all night.
2. With so much work ______ (finish), he was praised by his manager.
3. Excuse me, sir. I would like to have my package ______ (post).
4. Wait a minute please. I will have someone ______ (show) you around.
5. Wait a minute please. Someone will be had ______ (show) you around.
非谓语动词作宾语补足语归纳：
常用结构： 1、使役动词有：have, get, make, let
2、感官动词see, hear, find, watch, feel, listen to, notice
3、with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾语补足语
解题关键：非谓语动词作宾语补足语时，其逻辑主语为___________,则判断__________________________。
1.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They make great gifts and you see them many times__________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft cloud (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
3．(2020·山东卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or _________(walk) through a rainforest.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A 90 year old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for (be) Britain's oldest full time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
6．(2019·6月浙江卷)But some students didn't want (wear) the uniform.
7．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running.
8．(2018·6月浙江卷)I still remember (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
9．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.
10．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _______(stay) and watch.
定义：不能充当谓语的动词，但可以在句子充当其他句子成分（主/宾/表/定/状/宾补）
Task 1. 学会判断何时使用非谓语动词
①The girl (read) books in the classroom now.
分析：该句 连接词/引导词,是 句, 谓语动词,所以横线上填 动词,根据时间标志词 ，谓语动词的时态为 。
②The girl (read) books in the classroom everyday and she looks very confident.
分析：该句_____连词 ,是 句;其中, 左边的 句中 谓语动词,所以横线上填 动词，时态为 。（注意: and连接的两个句子,谓语动词的时态保持一致)
③The girl (read) books in the classroom now looks very confident.
分析：该句 连接词/引导词,是 句, 谓语动词，所以横线上填 动词, 因为the girls与动词read之间是 关系，所以非谓语动词选 。
④The girl who (read) books in the classroom now looks very confident.
分析：该句 引导词 ,是 句，从句 谓语动词，所以横线上填 动词，根据时间标志词 ，谓语动词的时态为 。
Summary；使用非谓语动词的条件：
如果句中已经存在一个 动词，且在没有 的情况下，那么,另一个动词要选用 动词。
Exercise 1
判断下列句子应使用（A.谓语）还是 (B.非谓语动词)。
（1）The book _____(write) by San Mao.
（2）I like reading the novels ____ (write) by San Mao.
（3）Lily_____(go) into the classroom, opened her book and wrote on the blackboard.
（4）Although it is winter now, the tree in the school campus ____(look) beautiful.
（5）The girl that lives in the city _____(make) a phone call to the farmer yesterday.
（6）She got off the bus, but _____(leave) her book in the bus.
（7）She got off the bus, ______(hold) her book.
Task 2. 如何选择恰当的非谓语动词形式
（1）He often works hard to earn more money.
（2）The meeting is to be held next week.
→ 动词不定式to do 在句中通常表示: 和 。
（3）Hearing the news, he couldn’t help laughing.
（4）We see them dancing in the TV now.
→ 现在分词(doing) 通常在句中表示: 和 。
（5）Pointed at by others, he felt very angry.
（6）You can drink boiled water.
→ 过去分词(done) 通常在句中表示: 和 。
Summary :
确定谓语动词还是非谓语动词 →填非谓语动词：句子中已有 且无 。
判断非谓语动词的形式：
→ 表目的和将来，用__________________
逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间 → 表主动和进行，用__________________
→ 表被动和完成，用__________________
考点一：非谓语动词作定语
1.a sleeping child
2.those people wishing to join the club
3.the story written by a middle school student
归纳：
位置：单个的非谓语动词作定语，常位于被修饰的名词_________;分词短语作定语，常位于被修饰的名词___________。
1.The________(run)boy is my middle school classmate.
2.A man_______(wear)sunglasses suddenly appeared in class on day.
3.So far nobody has claimed the money__________(discover) in the library.
4.People_______(live)in the city do not know the pressure of country life.
5.________(speak)English is different from written English in many ways.
解题技巧：非谓语动词作定语，其逻辑主语为__________________,则判断__________________________________________。
高考真题——单句语法填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
2．(2020·7月浙江卷)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology (change) lives.
3. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans (retire) from her 36 year old business.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call (say) she was short listed, we thought it was a joke.
5．As I was about to give up hope，a man________ (drive) a dirty old car came to my aid.
6．But remember，only officially _________(recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians are qualified to give medical suggestions.
7．(北京卷)Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time _______(spend) with his students.
8．(江西卷)On receiving a phone call from his wife______(say) she had a fall，Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
考点二：非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词在句中作状语时，可放置在句首、句中或句尾。表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步或伴随等情况。如：
（1）-ing分词作状语
He sat in the chair, reading newspapers.
The hurricane left at last, causing so much damage to the area.
（2）-ed分词作状语
Seen from space, the earth looks blue.
Frightened, he couldn’t move his feet.
（3）-to do不定式作状语
To catch the early train, we started early.
We hurried to the station, only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.
高考链接——单句语法填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e (find) and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The next morning he hired a boat and set out________ (find) the well known painter.
3．(2020·7月浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ______________(make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
4．(2020·1月浙江卷)The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large，_____________(compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ____________(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
6．(2019·北京卷)Nervously_____________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
考点三：非谓语动词作宾语
1.有些动词或动词短语后通常接不定式作宾语,巧记如下:
想要做:want,wish,hope,expect,seek,attempt,aim,claim,would like/love,desire
早打算:plan,prepare,arrange
同意否:agree,promise,undertake,offer,refuse
问问看:ask,beg
决定了:decide,determine,make up one’s mind,be determined
尽力做:manage(反义词fail),struggle,strive
努力做:make an effort
别装蒜:pretend
2.有些动词或动词短语后常接动词-ing形式作宾语,巧记如下:
考虑建议盼原谅: consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon
承认推迟没得想: admit,delay/put off,fancy
避免错过继续练: avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice
否认完成停止赏: deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡: can’t help,mind,allow/permit,escape
不准冒险凭想象: forbid,risk,imagine
3.既可用动词-ing形式,也可用动词不定式作宾语,但意义区别明显的动词
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做) regret to do sth. 对即将做的事表示遗憾(未做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做) regret doing sth.对做过的事表示后悔(已做)
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做) try to do sth.尽力去做某事
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做) try doing sth. 尝试做某事
go on to do sth.继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事
考点四：非谓语动词作宾语补足语
高考中考查的宾语补足语常用结构：
使役动词有：have, get, make, let
He had his son stand there.
（省略to的不定式作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……做某事” ，表示主动意义。)
He had his son standing there for an hour.
（-ing分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……一直做某事”，表示主动意义。此时，句中往往需要出现时间段。）
He had his bike repaired.
（-ed分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……被做某事”，表示被动意义。）
2.感官动词有：一感feel，二听hear，listen to 四看see, watch, notice, observe
We heard her sing.
（省略to的不定式作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……做某事的全过程，或看到/听到时，此动作已完成” ，表示主动意义。）
We heard her singing.
（-ing分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……正在做某事” ，表示主动意义。）
We heard something stolen.
（-ed分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“看到/听到……被做某事” ，表示被动意义。）
with的复合结构: with+宾语+宾语补足语
The old man takes a walk every day with his dog following him.
（-ing分词作with复合结构中的宾语补足语，表示主动意义。）
The old man takes a walk every day with his dog tied to his hand.
（-ed分词作with复合机构中的宾语补足语，表示被动意义。）
With much homework to finish, the boy couldn’t go to play football with his friends.
（-to do不定式作with复合机构中的宾语补足语，表示将来被动意义。）
1. With so much work ______ (finish), he had to work all day and all night.
2. With so much work ______ (finish), he was praised by his manager.
3. Excuse me, sir. I would like to have my package ______ (post).
4. Wait a minute please. I will have someone ______ (show) you around.
5. Wait a minute please. Someone will be had ______ (show) you around.
非谓语动词作宾语补足语归纳：
常用结构： 1、使役动词有：have, get, make, let
2、感官动词see, hear, find, watch, feel, listen to, notice
3、with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾语补足语
解题关键：非谓语动词作宾语补足语时，其逻辑主语为___________,则判断__________________________。
1.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They make great gifts and you see them many times__________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft cloud (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
3．(2020·山东卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or _________(walk) through a rainforest.
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A 90 year old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for (be) Britain's oldest full time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
6．(2019·6月浙江卷)But some students didn't want (wear) the uniform.
7．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running.
8．(2018·6月浙江卷)I still remember (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
9．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.
10．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _______(stay) and watch.