2023年初中英语中考语法讲解--五大基本句型课件（共26张PPT）

(共26张PPT)
五大基本句型
Grammar
”
2023
01.主-谓 S+V
02.主谓宾 S+V+O
03.主谓宾宾 S+V+Oi +Od
04.主谓宾补 S+V+O+OC
Contents
05. 主系表 S+V +P
01
主-谓
ONE
1.1
概念
只有动作的发出者,没有接受者（宾语）
谓语动词本身意义完整,不需跟宾语.
I work.
She dances.
They walked and laughed.
1.2
句型特点
谓语动词是不及物动词：其后不接宾语The sun rises.
其后可接副词/ 介词短语等作状语
They worked hard.
She is dancing in the classroom.
相关链接：常见的不及物动词
1. come 来 2. go 去 3. look 看
4. swim 游泳 5. dance跳舞 6. work工作
7. run 跑 8. walk步行 9. live 居住
10. arrive到达 11. listen听 12. fight打架
13. rain 下雨 14. snow下雪 15. sit 坐
16. skate滑雪 17. shout喊 18. jump
19. stay 停留 20. sleep 睡觉 21. compete 比赛
22. depend 依赖 municate聊天 24. agree 同意
25. disagree不同意 26. fall落下 27. cough 咳嗽
28. rise 上升; 升起 29. smile微笑 30. belong 属于
02
主-谓-宾
TWO
01
主语发出的谓语动作，宾语来承受
He reads a book.
She likes the book.
2.1
概念
02
英语中，只有名词或名词性的词或词组才能作主语和宾语
On the desk ______
a book and two pens.(be)
are
2.2
句型特点
谓语是及物动词，其后必须接宾语
She speaks English.
主语/宾语：由名词或名词性的词(组)充当
Her mother studies history.
找出句子的主语, 谓语，宾语
Dream Clothes Store has the cheapest clothes in the neighborhood.
2. In all cities in Brazil, people have a big party on New Year’s Eve, especially in Rio de Janeiro.
3. Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.
03
主-谓-宾-宾
THREE
3.1
概念
某人为谁(间接宾语)做某事(直接宾语)
某人或某物的动作涉及两个对象，间接对象为人，直接对象为物
He showed me his schoolbag.
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO)
3.2
句型特点
谓语动词是及物动词且接两个宾语
My father bought me a new bike.
间接宾语是人，直间宾语是物
My father bought a new bike for me.
相关链接：双宾动词（to类+for类）
give; tell; teach; show; offer; take;
bring; lend; send; sell; write; hand;
pass; return; serve; throw; promise…
① to类 (大多数)
公式：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
I give you my love.
I give my love to you.
buy，cook，make， get，choose ，order，call, sing， cook
② for类 (4个)
公式：buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.
I cook you a big dinner.
I cook a big dinner for you.
04
主-谓-宾-补
FOUR
4.1
概念
sb./sth.要求/使/让sb.做sth.
sb.感觉sb. / sth.怎么样
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 (S＋V＋O＋OC)
We keep the classroom clean.
They painted the wall white.
4.2
句型特点
Good food keeps you healthy. She always makes me happy.
句意不完整, 必须加上宾语补足语
谓语动词是及物动词
05
主-系-表
FIVE
5.1
概念
主语＋连系动词＋表语
(S＋V＋P)
某人/某物/某事/某种概念
具有什么特征或处于什么状态
The computer is useful.
The desk looks beautiful
5.2
句型特点
需要连接表语来表明主语特征、身份、状态
谓语动词是连系动词，不能表达完整的意思
The food tastes delicious.
He becomes a great singer.
5.3
表语的识别
材料:
用途:
类别:
时间:
地点:
The door is wood/ iron/ steel
We are in the classroom.
I am a woman.
The class is at 9:30.
The class is in Room 101.
表示主语的本质或特征
状态系动词
am; is ; are; was; were
She is smart.
5.4
系动词
感官系动词
look; sound; smell; taste; feel
The apple tastes sweet.
变化系动词
become, get, turn, go, fall, come, grow
The leaves turns green.
保持系动词
keep; stay
We should keep healthy.
Thanks
Grammar
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2023