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四川省宜宾市部分中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Did you know that there are apps that make it easy to help others and our planet so we can lead a more giving and meaningful life Check out some of the best ones below and take into action for good!
Be My Eyes
This app connects blind people in need of help with sighted people with spare time to offer through video calls. The help needed may be something like identifying a can of food or finding a missing object in the home. Started by Hans Wiberg, a Danish man who has a hard time seeing, this app is now available in many countries.
OLIO
This is a neighbor-to-neighbor sharing app for unwanted but eatable food and some non-food items. The app is available in Spanish and English, but users can add and request listings in any language. With items successfully shared in about 62 countries, it uses your location to match you with others signing up for the app so that you can receive notifications (通知) nearby. Items posted are usually collected within an hour.
Zooniverse
Want to help with advanced global research Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher. Help professional scientific and humanities researchers via your mobile device or the website. Global volunteers taking part in this exciting project typically don't have a scientific background but their contribution is highly valued.
Too Good To Go
Too Good To Go is a popular American app for people who care about the environment. According to the app, 40 percent of eatable food is thrown away each year in the US alone. Users look through the pages of nearby bakeries, cafes and restaurants that have delicious food on special offer that would otherwise binned.
1．What is mentioned about Be My Eyes
A．It offers free meals to volunteers.
B．It is only available in Denmark now.
C．It requires volunteers to help in the blind's houses.
D．It enables the blind to get aid conveniently.
2．What do OLIO and Too Good To Go have in common
A．They are both available in any language.
B．They are both aimed at cutting down on waste.
C．They both help restaurants sell food at low prices.
D．They both need volunteers with collecting skills.
3．If you are interested in exploring the unknown, which of the following suits you best
A．OLIO. B．Zooniverse.
C．Be My Eyes. D．Too Good To Go.
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个做公益的应用软件。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查推理判断。根据Be My Eyes部分中的“This app connects blind people in need of help with sighted people with spare time to offer through video calls. The help needed may be something like identifying a can of food or finding a missing object in the home.”这个应用程序将需要帮助的盲人和有空通过视频通话提供帮助的视力正常的人联系起来。所需的帮助可能是识别一罐食物或在家中找到丢失的物品。可知，Be My Eyes可以帮助盲人，使盲人能够方便地得到帮助。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据OLIO部分中的“This is a neighbor-to-neighbor sharing app for unwanted but eatable food and some non-food items.”这是一个邻里间分享的应用程序，用于不需要但可食用的食物和一些非食物物品；以及Too Good To Go部分中的“Too Good To Go is a popular American app for people who care about the environment. According to the app, 40 percent of eatable food is thrown away each year in the US alone. Users look through the pages of nearby bakeries, cafes and restaurants that have delicious food on special offer that would otherwise binned.”Too Good To Go是一款流行的美国应用程序，适合关心环境的人。根据该应用程序，仅在美国，每年就有40%的可食用食物被扔掉。用户浏览附近面包店、咖啡馆和餐馆的页面，这些面包店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供特价食品，否则会被扔掉。可知，OLIO和Too Good To Go是为了避免食物浪费而设计的应用程序。所以他们的共同特点是：它们的目标都是减少浪费。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据Zooniverse部分中的“Want to help with advanced global research Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher. Help professional scientific and humanities researchers via your mobile device or the website. Global volunteers taking part in this exciting project typically don't have a scientific background but their contribution is highly valued ”想帮忙进行先进的全球研究吗？Zooniverse是一款拥有数百万注册志愿者的应用，让你成为一名公民研究人员。通过你的移动设备或网站帮助专业的，科学的人文研究人员。参与这个激动人心的项目的全球志愿者通常没有科学背景，但他们的贡献受到高度重视。可知，Zooniverse是一个致力于前沿先进研究的公益项目。可推知，对探索未知感兴趣的人最适合使用这个应用软件。故选B。
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It is often difficult
for farmers to recognize diseases quickly enough to protect their crops. Now,
some farmers are using a simple device (装置)
directly in the field to find viruses (病毒) before they
spread.
In Tanzania, farmers
struggle to recognize diseases in an urgent effort to avoid great crop damage.
This process is often not easy when farmers are acting on their own. If they do
not know what is attacking their crops, they cannot decide the best way to
fight the disease.
A device from British
technology company Oxford Nanopore is changing that. The device takes out DNA
from plants and helps farmers recognize what is harming their crops so that
they can change to the improved crops.
Laura Boykin worked
with the University of Western Australia and brought the device to a Tanzanian
farm-owned by Asha Mohamed. The testing recognized a number of viruses in the
cassava fields near Mohamed's farm. "So what would have normally taken six
months has just happend in a couple of hours. And that's possible because of
amazing technology, which can give farmers results real-time." Once the
viruses were recognized, Asha Mohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant
to the diseases.
In another case, DNA
was collected from a pawpaw tree farm in Kenya. With that test, the technology
was able to recognize the diseases affecting Naomi Mumo's crops. Laura Boykin
says she returned to Mohamed's farm nine months later. "After nine months
of her growing the improved crops, we harvested her plants and she saw large
rise in the total amount of crops.
The speed at which
farmers recognize diseases can mean the difference between the successor
failure on large areas of crop land. Now, the use of such simple and easily
transportable DNA sequencing (测序) devices
is making that possible.
4．According to Paragraph 1, what problem are some farmers faced with
A．They always suffer a poor harvest.
B．They fail to find helpful doctors.
C．They know little about modern faring technology.
D．They have difficulty in recognizing crop diseases quickly.
5．What do we know about the device from Oxford Nanopore
A．It was developed by scientists from Australia.
B．It helps prevent the spread of crop diseases.
C．It recognizes crop diseases by testing DNA
D．It should be used with the help of researchers.
6．Which of the following words has a similar meaning with "resistant" in paragraph 4
A．harmful B．recognizable C．unaffected D．appointed
7．What could be the best title for the text
A．DNA technology wins great popularity among farmers.
B．DNA technology helps farmers recognize crop diseases.
C．The economic development in Tanzania.
D．The benefits of modern farming.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．C
7．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的病毒检测设备，其通过DNA检测技术帮助农民更快检测出庄稼疾病，以避免农作物严重的损失。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"It is often difficult for farmers to recognize diseases quickly enough to protect their crops."农民通常很难快速识别疾病以保护他们的作物。可知，一些农民面临着他们很难快速识别作物病害。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The device takes out DNA from plants and helps farmers recognize what is harming their crops so that they can change to the improved crops."该装置从植物中提取DNA，帮助农民识别出危害作物的因素，以便他们改种改良作物。可知，Oxford Nanopore的设备，它通过检测DNA来识别作物疾病。故选C。
6．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"And that's possible because of amazing technology, which can give farmers results real-time."这是可能的，因为惊人的技术，可以给农民实时结果。可知，划线词所在句"Once the viruses were recognized, Asha Mohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant to the diseases."的意思是：一旦病毒被识别出来，阿莎·穆罕默德就得到了两种对疾病有抵抗力的种子。可推知，resistant意义为"有抵抗力的"，故选C。
7．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一种新的病毒检测设备，其通过DNA检测技术帮助农民更快检测出庄稼疾病，以避免农作物严重的损失。可推知"DNA技术帮助农民识别作物疾病"符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
"Your mind is a
garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or
weeds," wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of
gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we "plant" in our
lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.
Before you start to
work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what
you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in
making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you
want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like
the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
No matter what plants
to choose, poor soil isn't suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the
time and energy to improve the soil before planting. So, creating the right
soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately,
there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock (基石) better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways,
which can help you enrich your life's soil.
You don't have to be
an expert gardener to understand the meaning of "You harvest what you sow."
When a gardener wants tomatoes, they just need to plant tomato seeds. It is a
very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to
decide which "life seeds" to plant. For example, if you plant ill
seeds, it's likely that you'll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you
plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness
and love.
A gardener's truly
hard work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a
lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a
healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devoted,
aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have
grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
8．Why does the author use William's Wordsworth saying in Paragraph 1
A．To sing praise to gardening.
B．To encourage everyone to plant seeds.
C．To stress the importance of results.
D．To compare gardening to people's life.
9．What is important before gardeners start to work in their gardens
A．Receiving some training in planting.
B．Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.
C．Having the courage to accept the worst result.
D．Doing research on the common local garden plants.
10．What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3
A．Your quality of life depends on your positive action.
B．Your experience can help you understand plants better.
C．Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.
D．Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.
11．Where can you read this article
A．In a science report. B．From news coverage.
C．In a book on life wisdom. D．From a lecture on agriculture.
【答案】8．D
9．B
10．A
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者以种植为例，形象地讲述了人生哲理：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段“‘Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,' wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we‘plant'in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.”“你的思想是一个花园；你的思想就是种子。收获既可以是花，也可以是杂草，”威廉·华斯沃斯写道，他认为园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们生长茂盛还是不茂盛。可推断，作者用了威廉的话把园艺和人们的生活进行比较。故选D。
9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Before you start to work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve ”在你开始在你的花园工作之前，有必要对它有一个愿景。想想你想在你的花园里种什么，以及如何布置它是使你的愿景成为富有成效的现实的良好的第一步。在生活中，你应该考虑你想要创造什么，你想要实现什么，可知，作者认为在翻地整理园子之前，有个好的规划很重要。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“It is a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which ‘life seeds' to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you'll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love. ”这是一种非常明显的行为，能够产生预期的结果。我们每个人都有能力决定种下哪种“生命种子”。例如，如果你播下了不良的种子，你很可能会经历痛苦作为回报。相反，如果你播下善良和理解的种子，你的生活就会充满幸福和爱。可推断，作者在这一段告诉读者我们的生活质量取决于我们的积极付出。故选A。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we ‘plant' in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.”园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们生长茂盛还是不茂盛)”以及下文内容的解释可推断，文章作者以种植为例，形象地讲述了人生的哲理：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。可推断，文章可能来自一本关于人生哲理的书籍。故选C。
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Scientists have found
life 900 meters under an, ice shelf (冰架)
in the Antarctic, the southernmost region on the earth. Ice shelves are
floating ice connected to the land and cover a large area of sea. The discovery
was made accidentally by a team of researchers from the British
Antarctic Survey, an organization that studies the southern polar region. Their
findings were published on 15 February. The team was making a hole through the
Filchner- Ronne ice shelf to collect the information of the sea floor when they
hit a large rock. After sending a video camera down the hole they saw that the
rock was home to a community of sea creatures. The video appeared to show 16
sponges (海绵动物) and 22 other unknown creatures, some of
which are thought to be barnacles (a small shellfish that attaches itself to
objects under water) and tube worms (管虫). Scientists
also found a shrimp-like creature and a jellyfish swimming under an Antarctic
ice sheet. A curious shrimp-like creature came swimming by and then parked
itself on the camera's cable.
These creatures are
known as filter-feeders (滤食动物), which
means they stay still and feed on nutrients that are carried in the water.
Nutrients are substances in food that help living things grow. This is the
first time that marine life like this has been found under an Antarctic ice
sheet. Before that, it was thought that living things couldn't survive in these
conditions, because of the low temperatures and little sunlight. The discovery
has made scientists rethink the conditions in which animals could survive.
Dr. Huw Griffiths, a
marine biologist for the British Antarctic Survey, says, "Never in a mill
years would we have thought about looking for this kind of life because we didn't
think it would be there."
12．What does the underlined word "accidentally" in paragraph 1 mean
A．By chance. B．By design. C．In advance. D．In practice.
13．What can we learn from filter-feeders according to this passage
A．Sponges and tube worms are filter-feeders.
B．Filter-feeders were found in the Atlantic.
C．Filter-feeders couldn't survive without enough sunlight.
D．Filter-feeders feed on the living things in the water.
14．What is Dr. Huw Griffiths's attitude to this finding
A．Uninterested. B．Amazed. C．Doubtful. D．Disappointed.
15．What is the purpose of this text
A．To call on people to protect deep-sea creatures.
B．To inform readers of life found under ice shelves.
C．To show the findings of a research about ice shelves.
D．To stress the importance of ice shelves to filter-feeders.
【答案】12．A
13．A
14．B
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们在地球最南端的南极冰架下900米的地方发现了生命，并且对滤食生物进行了简要介绍。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段“Dr. Huw Griffiths, a marine biologist for the British Antarctic Survey, says, ‘Never in a mill years would we have thought about looking for this kind of life because we didn't think it would be there.'”英国南极调查局的海洋生物学家休·格里菲斯博士说：“我们从来没有想过寻找这种生命，因为我们没想到它会在那里。”所以这项研究是偶然发现的。可推知 accidentally 是“偶然地”之意，故选A。
13．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The video appeared to show 16 sponges (海绵动物) and 22 other unknown creatures, some of which are thought to be barnacles (a small shellfish that attaches itself to objects under water) and tube worms (管虫).”这段视频似乎展示了16种海绵和22种其他未知生物，其中一些被认为是藤壶(一种附着在水下物体上的小贝类)和管虫；以及第二段中的“These creatures are known as filter-feeders (滤食动物)”这些生物被称为滤食动物，可知海绵动物和管虫属于滤食动物。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Dr. Huw Griffiths, a marine biologist for the British Antarctic Survey, says, ‘Never in a mill years would we have thought about looking for this kind of life because we didn't think it would be there.'”英国南极调查局的海洋生物学家休·格里菲斯博士说：“我们从来没有想过寻找这种生命，因为我们没想到它会在那里。”可知，他对于该项研究发现是很惊讶的。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Scientists have found life 900 meters under an, ice shelf (冰架) in the Antarctic, the southernmost region on the earth.”科学家们在地球最南端的南极冰架下900米的地方发现了生命；以及后文对所发现的滤食动物的介绍，可推断，本文旨在向读者介绍冰架下发现的生命。故选B。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）任务型阅读
How to Make Friends at a New School
Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don't even know where to go for your own classes. 16． However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends.
Be yourself
17． If some people don't accept you, they're not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.
18．
Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also, remember to be as helpful as possible!
Believe in yourself
A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don't keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact with other people. 19． Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you're from.
Remember people's names
You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. 20． Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname. You'd be surprised how often this may come in handy.
A. Be friendly to others. B. Making new friends can be hard, too. C. Join after-school activities you like. D. Never change what you are to try and fit in. E. Tell them your name and where you're from. F. People may become angry if you just begin by saying "Hey" each time. G. Don't sit at the back of the classroom where other people don't notice you!
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．A；19．E；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在新学校交朋友的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Starting with a new school can be difficult."从一所新学校开始可能很困难，说明从新学校开始可能是困难的；以及空后"If you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends."如果你使用这些技巧，你可以很快地将一些陌生人变成朋友。说明要介绍一些交朋友的技巧，B. Making new friends can be hard, too."交新朋友也很难"承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选B。
17．根据空前"Be yourself."做你自己，为本段标题句，说明要做自己， D. Never change what you are to try and fit in. "永远不要为了努力融入其中改变你是谁"说明要坚持做自己，符合本段含义。故选D。
18．根据空后"Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school."记住要善待你在新学校遇到的人；以及"Also, remember to be as helpful as possible."此外，请记住尽可能提供帮助)"说明对待别人要怀有善意， A. Be friendly to others. "对别人友好"可以作为本段标题句，符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空后"Introduce yourself"自我介绍，说明要介绍自己，E．Tell them your name and where you're from."告诉他们你的名字和来自哪里"具体说明自我介绍的方式，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
20．根据空前"You like it when people use your name, and so do other people."你喜欢别人叫你的名字，其他人也一样。说明大家都喜欢别人叫自己的名字， F. People may become angry if you just begin by saying "Hey" each time. "如果你每次刚开始说‘嘿'，人们可能会生气"说明如果不叫对方的名字可能会使人生气，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
"How is that a
thirteen-year-old boy can raise more money than any of our board members "
asked the director of Camp One Step at a lime to open his board meeting. All of
the board members were truly 21． al this opener. Did a thirteen year old
really raise much money Yes, he did. And that boy is my 22． Danny.
Several months before
his 13th birthday, Danny 23． my family that he wanted to 24． money
for Camp One Step at a place for seriously ill kids to have a simple camp
experience that many kids lake for granted. When Danny told me he was really
going to follow through with this, of course I was proud of him, 25． didn't
think he would really be able to succeed. My immediate response was there was
no way Danny could make this 26． , But this would soon change.
All on his own, Danny
wrote and sent out 27． to all of our family and friends. As
people began to 28． them, our home phone did not stop
ringing. Everyone was 29． to say how wonderfully encouraging Danny's
letters were, When the phone calls stopped. 30． started to come in. No
matter how 31． or small these donations were. Danny 32． accepted
all of them because he knew that every single donation would help to realize
his goal.
On the day of his
birthday, Danny said the words I'll never 33． . "With al! of your
help, I'll be able to send three 34． to camp this summer!" Everyone,
especially me, was really in surprise.
When I looked at him
standing before us, I had never seen him so full of 35． in
his whole life.
21．A．excited B．angry C．amazed D．embarrassed
22．A．brother B．friend C．teacher D．classmate
23．A．supported B．told C．challenged D．warned
24．A．make B．collect C．save D．borrow
25．A．but B．or C．so D．because
26．A．survive B．change C．increase D．happen
27．A．invitation B．postcards C．pictures D．letters
28．A．remember B．buy C．receive D．visit
29．A．calling B．writing C．waiting D．expecting
30．A．e-mail B．praises C．respect D．money
31．A．different B．attractive C．big D．expensive
32．A．patiently B．gratefully C．bravely D．fortunately
33．A．repeat B．miss C．forget D．avoid
34．A．kids B．gifts C．parents D．assistants
35．A．freedom B．nervous C．honesty D．pride
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．B；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．D；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．C；32．B；33．C；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个 13 岁的孩子为了帮助得重病的孩子们体验一次野营而筹资的经历。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：所有的董事会成员都对这个揭幕战感到惊讶。A.excited"兴奋的"；B.angry"生气的"；C.amazed"惊讶的"；D.embarrassed"尴尬的"。根据下文"Did a thirteen year old really raise much money "可知，董事会成员们对此感到很惊讶。故选 C。
22．句意：那个男孩是我弟弟丹尼。A.brother"兄弟"； B.friend "朋友"；C.teacher "老师"； D.classmate"同学"。根据下文"Danny wrote and sent out 7 to all of our family and friends."可知，Danny 是作者的家庭成员。故选 A。
23．句意：在他 13 岁生日的前几个月，丹尼告诉我的家人，他想为"一步营地"募集资金，在一个专为重病儿童设立的地方，让他们有一个简单的营地体验，这是许多孩子认为理所当然的。A.supported"支持"；B.told"告诉"；C.challenged"挑战"； D.warned"警告"。根据下文"When Danny told me he was really going to follow through with this"可知，Danny 告诉家人自己的想法。故选 B。
24．句意：在他 13 岁生日的前几个月，丹尼告诉我的家人，他想为"一步营地"募集资金，在一个专为重病儿童设立的地方，让他们有一个简单的营地体验，这是许多孩子认为理所当然的。A.make"制造"；B.collect"收集"；C.save"挽救"；D.borrow"借"。根据上文"Did a thirteen year old really raise much money Yes, he did."可知，此处表示筹集资金。故选 B。
25．句意：当丹尼告诉我他真的会坚持到底的时候，我当然为他感到骄傲，但我不认为他真的能够成功。A.but "但是"；B.or"或者"； C.so因此； D. because因为。 根据空前"I was proud of him"和空后"I didn't think he would really be able to succeed."形成转折关系。故选 A。
26．句意：当丹尼告诉我他真的会坚持到底的时候，我当然为他感到骄傲，但我不认为他真的能够成功。A.survive"幸存"；B. change "变化"； C.increase"增加"；D.happen"发生"。根据空前"there was no way"可知，作者认为 Danny 不可能使这件事发生。故选 D。
27．句意：丹尼独自一人，给我们所有的家人和朋友写信和寄信。A.invitation"请柬"；B.postcards"贺卡"； C.pictures"图片"； D.letters"信"。根据下文"how wonderfully encouraging Danny's letters were"可知，此处是信息词 letters 的词汇复现。故选 D。
28．句意：当人们开始接收这些信时，我们家里的电话一直响个不停。A.remember "想起"；B. buy"买"；C.receive"收到"；D.visit"参观"。根据上文"Danny wrote and sent out 7 to all of our family and friends."可知，人们开始收到信。故选 C。
29．句意：每个人都打电话来说丹尼的信是多么鼓舞人心。A.calling "打电话"； B.writing "写"； C.waiting"等"；D.expecting"预料"。根据上文"our home phone did not stop ringing."可知，此处表示打电话。故选 A。
30．句意：当电话停止时，钱开始流入。A.e-mail"电子邮件"；B. praises "表扬"；C.respect"尊敬"； D.money"钱"。根据下文"No matter how 11 or small these donations were"可知，捐款开始涌入。故选 D。
31．句意：这些捐款无论大小，丹尼都感激地接受了，因为他知道每一笔捐款都有助于实现他的目标。A.different"不同的"；B.attractive"吸引人的"；C.big"大的"；D.expensive"昂贵的"。空处和 small 对应，表示大笔的捐款。故选 C。
32．句意：这些捐款无论大小，丹尼都感激地接受了，因为他知道每一笔捐款都有助于实现他的目标。A.patiently"耐心地"；B. gratefully"感激地"；C.bravely "勇敢地"；D.fortunately"幸运地"。根据空后"because he knew that every single donation would help to realize his goal."可知，Danny 对每笔捐款都表示感激。故选 B。
33．句意：在他生日那天，丹尼说了我永远不会忘记的话。A.repeat "重复"；B.miss"怀念，错过"；C.forget"忘记"； D.avoid"避免"。根据下文"With all of your help, I'll be able to send three 14 to camp this summer!"可知，Danny 说的话让作者难忘。故选 C。
34．句意："有了你们的帮助，今年夏天我就能送三个孩子去夏令营了！"A. kids"孩子"；B. gifts"礼物" ；C. parents"父母"；D. assistants"助手"。根据上文"he wanted to 4 money for Camp One Step at a place for seriously ill kids to have a simple camp experience"可知，此处是信息词 kids 的词汇复现。故选 A。
35．句意：当我看着他站在我们面前时，我从来没有见过他这么骄傲。A.freedom"自由"；B. nervous"紧张"；C. honesty"诚信"； D.pride"自豪"。由于Danny 为三个孩子筹集到了钱，所以很自豪。故选 D。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Students at Dashui primary school in Xinjian town, Zunyi city, Guizhou province, set up 36． rock band to realize their musical dreams, thanks 37． China's "double reduction" policies to reduce the heavy burden on students.
On Nov 9, students and teachers of the school 38． （cheerful）enjoyed the band's 39． （perform）at the playground.
The band, 40． was set up in October, is made up of seven students from different grades, with a vocalist, a drummer, a keyboardist, a bass player 41． three guitarists.
"Their talent and dreams are likely 42． （give）them wings that could drive them to fly away from the mountains," said Fan Biao, an instructor for the students, who graduated in 2019 and 43． （apply）to serve as a teacher in a special posting（派驻）at Dashui primary school.
"Last term, the average score of our school ranked 44． （one）in the final exam of the primary school group in the county The facts have shown that students were motivated after 45． （carry）out the `double reduction' policies," said Fan.
【答案】36．a；37．to；38．cheerfully；39．performance；40．which；41．and；42．to give；43．applied；44．first；45．carrying
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了由于中国的"双减价"政策来减轻了学生的沉重负担，贵州省遵义市新建镇大水小学的学生成立了摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，介词，副词，名词，定语从句，连词，非谓语动词，数词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：贵州省遵义市新建镇大水小学的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想，这要归功于中国的"双减价"政策，以减轻学生的沉重负担。根据句意可知，大水小学的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队，所以空处需要不定冠词，空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以要用不定冠词a。故填a。
37．句意：贵州省遵义市新建镇大水小学的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想，这要归功于中国的"双减价"政策，以减轻学生的沉重负担。thanks to固定短语， "多亏"，后加名词。故填to。
38．句意：11月9日，学校师生在操场上兴高采烈地欣赏乐队的表演。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词enjoyed，所以要用副词。故填cheerfully。
39．句意：11月9日，学校师生在操场上兴高采烈地欣赏乐队的表演。根据空前的名词所有格可知，空处需要名词。perform为动词"表演"，其名词为performance。故填performance。
40．句意：该乐队成立于10月，由7名不同年级的学生组成，包括一名歌手、一名鼓手、一名键盘手、一名贝司手和三名吉他手。_____ was set up in October是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the band，为物，先行词在非限定性定语从句中做主语。故填which。
41．句意：该乐队成立于10月，由7名不同年级的学生组成，包括一名歌手、一名鼓手、一名键盘手、一名贝司手和三名吉他手。根据空前的 "a vocalist, a drummer, a keyboardist, a bass player "和空后的"guitarists"可知，需要并列连词把这几词连起来。故填and。
42．句意："他们的天赋和梦想很可能会给他们翅膀，让他们飞离群山，"学生导师范彪说，他于2019年毕业，并申请在大水小学的一个特殊职位上担任教师。be likely to do sth. 固定短语，"可能做某事"，故填to give。
43．句意："他们的天赋和梦想很可能会给他们翅膀，让他们飞离群山，"学生导师范彪说，他于2019年毕业，并申请在大水小学的一个特殊职位上担任教师。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个谓语动词，根据graduated可知，句子为一般过去时态。故填applied。
44．句意：上学期，我们学校的平均成绩在该县小学组的期末考试中排名第一。根据句意可知，该校的平均成绩排名第一，所以空处要用序数词。故填first。
45．句意：事实表明，学生们在执行‘双减'政策后受到了激励。分析句子结构可知，本空前的after为介词，所以需要用动名词作宾语。故填carrying。
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2023高一下·高县开学考）
很多学生进入高中以来，因饮食不规律，导致了一系列健康问题，你校英文校刊饮食栏目针对这一问题，向全体同学征稿，请你以"Be a Smart Eater"为题目，为该栏目投稿，主要内容如下：
1）健康饮食的重要性；2）如何做到健康饮食；3）向同学们发出呼吁。
注意：1）词数80左右2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Be a Smart Eater
【答案】 As a high school student, I noticed that many students had a series of health problems because of irregular diet. Now I'd like to call on you to be a smart eater.
For us students, eating healthy food is of great importance because we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well. Having meals regularly is a good way to keep fit and prevent diseases. Besides, we should eat less junk food. By eating junk food, we may get sick easily.
Let's change our way of living. Let's have a healthy diet from now on. By having meals regularly, we will grow up healthily and happily.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 "Be a Smart Eater"为题目，为该栏目投稿 。写作背景： 很多学生进入高中以来，因饮食不规律，导致了一系列健康问题，你校英文校刊饮食栏目针对这一问题，向全体同学征稿 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）健康饮食的重要性；2）如何做到健康饮食；3）向同学们发出呼吁。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： As a high school student, I noticed that many students had a series of health problems because of irregular diet. 运用了宾语从句；For us students, eating healthy food is of great importance because we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well. 运用了原因状语从句；Having meals regularly is a good way to keep fit and prevent diseases. 运用了动名词作主语；Let's change our way of living.运用了祈使句。
47．（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I'm crazy about running. Sometimes the pain of running can have a magic influence on a runner. Throughout any given race, you are suffering. Your lungs feel like they're being squeezed (挤压) by something unseen. But it is in this pain that a great runner is created.
My first cross-country coach told me that every race is run with patience and determination. I've carried this advice with me for hundreds of miles. I especially remember the 5 miles of running in one race, where his words encouraged me a lot.
That day the weather was perfect. I and dozens of runners gathered at the starting line to do some last-minute preparations for the running. Then, we lined up and got ready to start. There was a brief moment before the gun gave a signal of running. In that moment of great stress, I determined to push myself to run as fast as possible, hoping to make my coach proud, who was waiting for me at the finish line. When the sound of "Bang" came up, we were off.
Running between runners, I managed to work my way up in the first 400 meters and passed many racers on my sides. But out of good sportsmanship, we each said a "good job" or "keep up" to every person we passed. Although we were competitors, running was a connection we all shared.
The first mile passed quickly in a feeling of excitement. It was not challenging in the beginning of the running. But I knew it would be harder and harder in the following miles. I made full use of the running skills that my coach had taught me. I checked that I was doing everything right, breathing in through my nose, keeping my hands relaxed and pumping (快速摆动) my arms. However, the shadow of tiredness danced before me. Anyway I tried to push it out of my mind.
With time going by, the competition became fiercer. Every runner tried their best to run in order to gain a good place in the race. Audience along the track shouted and cheered us.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eventually I reached the final mile.
Unfortunately, I suddenly fell down.
【答案】Possible version:
Eventually I reached the final mile. It was then that I felt extremely tired and sweat fell down my face. Many runners in the race had fallen behind, but I refused to be one of them. Instead, I chose to pump my legs a little faster and push myself a little harder. As the last half mile was near, the number of people along the track increased. Around the next corner, I could see my coach waving to me in great excitement. I tried to run faster.
Unfortunately, I suddenly fell down. I felt great pain and discouraged. Just at that moment, the audience shouted, "Come on, girl!" "Watch out!" "Keep up!" Meanwhile, a runner behind me came to me and gave me a lift. I was really grateful and encouraged. I stood up and ran for the final 400 meters. When I finally sailed over the finish line, I nearly cried with relief. I won the third place in the race. My coach was proud of me and I felt great too.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者一次5英里跑步比赛的经历，直到最后一英里作者都是领先，但是不小心摔倒了，最终得了第三名。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"最终我到达了最后一英里。"可知，第一段可描写作者在最后一英里的领先地位以及作者期盼成功的喜悦。②由第二段首句内容"不幸的是，我突然摔倒了。"可知，第二段可描写作者跌倒后的痛苦悲伤和旁人给她的鼓励。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：It was then that I felt extremely tired and sweat fell down my face.运用了强调句； Many runners in the race had fallen behind, but I refused to be one of them. 运用了转折并列句；As the last half mile was near, the number of people along the track increased.运用了时间状语从句；When I finally sailed over the finish line, I nearly cried with relief.运用了时间状语从句；My coach was proud of me and I felt great too.运用了并列句。
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四川省宜宾市部分中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Did you know that there are apps that make it easy to help others and our planet so we can lead a more giving and meaningful life Check out some of the best ones below and take into action for good!
Be My Eyes
This app connects blind people in need of help with sighted people with spare time to offer through video calls. The help needed may be something like identifying a can of food or finding a missing object in the home. Started by Hans Wiberg, a Danish man who has a hard time seeing, this app is now available in many countries.
OLIO
This is a neighbor-to-neighbor sharing app for unwanted but eatable food and some non-food items. The app is available in Spanish and English, but users can add and request listings in any language. With items successfully shared in about 62 countries, it uses your location to match you with others signing up for the app so that you can receive notifications (通知) nearby. Items posted are usually collected within an hour.
Zooniverse
Want to help with advanced global research Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher. Help professional scientific and humanities researchers via your mobile device or the website. Global volunteers taking part in this exciting project typically don't have a scientific background but their contribution is highly valued.
Too Good To Go
Too Good To Go is a popular American app for people who care about the environment. According to the app, 40 percent of eatable food is thrown away each year in the US alone. Users look through the pages of nearby bakeries, cafes and restaurants that have delicious food on special offer that would otherwise binned.
1．What is mentioned about Be My Eyes
A．It offers free meals to volunteers.
B．It is only available in Denmark now.
C．It requires volunteers to help in the blind's houses.
D．It enables the blind to get aid conveniently.
2．What do OLIO and Too Good To Go have in common
A．They are both available in any language.
B．They are both aimed at cutting down on waste.
C．They both help restaurants sell food at low prices.
D．They both need volunteers with collecting skills.
3．If you are interested in exploring the unknown, which of the following suits you best
A．OLIO. B．Zooniverse.
C．Be My Eyes. D．Too Good To Go.
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It is often difficult
for farmers to recognize diseases quickly enough to protect their crops. Now,
some farmers are using a simple device (装置)
directly in the field to find viruses (病毒) before they
spread.
In Tanzania, farmers
struggle to recognize diseases in an urgent effort to avoid great crop damage.
This process is often not easy when farmers are acting on their own. If they do
not know what is attacking their crops, they cannot decide the best way to
fight the disease.
A device from British
technology company Oxford Nanopore is changing that. The device takes out DNA
from plants and helps farmers recognize what is harming their crops so that
they can change to the improved crops.
Laura Boykin worked
with the University of Western Australia and brought the device to a Tanzanian
farm-owned by Asha Mohamed. The testing recognized a number of viruses in the
cassava fields near Mohamed's farm. "So what would have normally taken six
months has just happend in a couple of hours. And that's possible because of
amazing technology, which can give farmers results real-time." Once the
viruses were recognized, Asha Mohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant
to the diseases.
In another case, DNA
was collected from a pawpaw tree farm in Kenya. With that test, the technology
was able to recognize the diseases affecting Naomi Mumo's crops. Laura Boykin
says she returned to Mohamed's farm nine months later. "After nine months
of her growing the improved crops, we harvested her plants and she saw large
rise in the total amount of crops.
The speed at which
farmers recognize diseases can mean the difference between the successor
failure on large areas of crop land. Now, the use of such simple and easily
transportable DNA sequencing (测序) devices
is making that possible.
4．According to Paragraph 1, what problem are some farmers faced with
A．They always suffer a poor harvest.
B．They fail to find helpful doctors.
C．They know little about modern faring technology.
D．They have difficulty in recognizing crop diseases quickly.
5．What do we know about the device from Oxford Nanopore
A．It was developed by scientists from Australia.
B．It helps prevent the spread of crop diseases.
C．It recognizes crop diseases by testing DNA
D．It should be used with the help of researchers.
6．Which of the following words has a similar meaning with "resistant" in paragraph 4
A．harmful B．recognizable C．unaffected D．appointed
7．What could be the best title for the text
A．DNA technology wins great popularity among farmers.
B．DNA technology helps farmers recognize crop diseases.
C．The economic development in Tanzania.
D．The benefits of modern farming.
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
"Your mind is a
garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or
weeds," wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of
gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we "plant" in our
lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.
Before you start to
work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what
you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in
making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you
want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like
the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
No matter what plants
to choose, poor soil isn't suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the
time and energy to improve the soil before planting. So, creating the right
soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately,
there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock (基石) better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways,
which can help you enrich your life's soil.
You don't have to be
an expert gardener to understand the meaning of "You harvest what you sow."
When a gardener wants tomatoes, they just need to plant tomato seeds. It is a
very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to
decide which "life seeds" to plant. For example, if you plant ill
seeds, it's likely that you'll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you
plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness
and love.
A gardener's truly
hard work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a
lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a
healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devoted,
aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have
grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
8．Why does the author use William's Wordsworth saying in Paragraph 1
A．To sing praise to gardening.
B．To encourage everyone to plant seeds.
C．To stress the importance of results.
D．To compare gardening to people's life.
9．What is important before gardeners start to work in their gardens
A．Receiving some training in planting.
B．Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.
C．Having the courage to accept the worst result.
D．Doing research on the common local garden plants.
10．What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3
A．Your quality of life depends on your positive action.
B．Your experience can help you understand plants better.
C．Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.
D．Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.
11．Where can you read this article
A．In a science report. B．From news coverage.
C．In a book on life wisdom. D．From a lecture on agriculture.
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Scientists have found
life 900 meters under an, ice shelf (冰架)
in the Antarctic, the southernmost region on the earth. Ice shelves are
floating ice connected to the land and cover a large area of sea. The discovery
was made accidentally by a team of researchers from the British
Antarctic Survey, an organization that studies the southern polar region. Their
findings were published on 15 February. The team was making a hole through the
Filchner- Ronne ice shelf to collect the information of the sea floor when they
hit a large rock. After sending a video camera down the hole they saw that the
rock was home to a community of sea creatures. The video appeared to show 16
sponges (海绵动物) and 22 other unknown creatures, some of
which are thought to be barnacles (a small shellfish that attaches itself to
objects under water) and tube worms (管虫). Scientists
also found a shrimp-like creature and a jellyfish swimming under an Antarctic
ice sheet. A curious shrimp-like creature came swimming by and then parked
itself on the camera's cable.
These creatures are
known as filter-feeders (滤食动物), which
means they stay still and feed on nutrients that are carried in the water.
Nutrients are substances in food that help living things grow. This is the
first time that marine life like this has been found under an Antarctic ice
sheet. Before that, it was thought that living things couldn't survive in these
conditions, because of the low temperatures and little sunlight. The discovery
has made scientists rethink the conditions in which animals could survive.
Dr. Huw Griffiths, a
marine biologist for the British Antarctic Survey, says, "Never in a mill
years would we have thought about looking for this kind of life because we didn't
think it would be there."
12．What does the underlined word "accidentally" in paragraph 1 mean
A．By chance. B．By design. C．In advance. D．In practice.
13．What can we learn from filter-feeders according to this passage
A．Sponges and tube worms are filter-feeders.
B．Filter-feeders were found in the Atlantic.
C．Filter-feeders couldn't survive without enough sunlight.
D．Filter-feeders feed on the living things in the water.
14．What is Dr. Huw Griffiths's attitude to this finding
A．Uninterested. B．Amazed. C．Doubtful. D．Disappointed.
15．What is the purpose of this text
A．To call on people to protect deep-sea creatures.
B．To inform readers of life found under ice shelves.
C．To show the findings of a research about ice shelves.
D．To stress the importance of ice shelves to filter-feeders.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）任务型阅读
How to Make Friends at a New School
Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don't even know where to go for your own classes. 16． However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends.
Be yourself
17． If some people don't accept you, they're not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.
18．
Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also, remember to be as helpful as possible!
Believe in yourself
A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don't keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact with other people. 19． Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you're from.
Remember people's names
You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. 20． Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname. You'd be surprised how often this may come in handy.
A. Be friendly to others. B. Making new friends can be hard, too. C. Join after-school activities you like. D. Never change what you are to try and fit in. E. Tell them your name and where you're from. F. People may become angry if you just begin by saying "Hey" each time. G. Don't sit at the back of the classroom where other people don't notice you!
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
"How is that a
thirteen-year-old boy can raise more money than any of our board members "
asked the director of Camp One Step at a lime to open his board meeting. All of
the board members were truly 21． al this opener. Did a thirteen year old
really raise much money Yes, he did. And that boy is my 22． Danny.
Several months before
his 13th birthday, Danny 23． my family that he wanted to 24． money
for Camp One Step at a place for seriously ill kids to have a simple camp
experience that many kids lake for granted. When Danny told me he was really
going to follow through with this, of course I was proud of him, 25． didn't
think he would really be able to succeed. My immediate response was there was
no way Danny could make this 26． , But this would soon change.
All on his own, Danny
wrote and sent out 27． to all of our family and friends. As
people began to 28． them, our home phone did not stop
ringing. Everyone was 29． to say how wonderfully encouraging Danny's
letters were, When the phone calls stopped. 30． started to come in. No
matter how 31． or small these donations were. Danny 32． accepted
all of them because he knew that every single donation would help to realize
his goal.
On the day of his
birthday, Danny said the words I'll never 33． . "With al! of your
help, I'll be able to send three 34． to camp this summer!" Everyone,
especially me, was really in surprise.
When I looked at him
standing before us, I had never seen him so full of 35． in
his whole life.
21．A．excited B．angry C．amazed D．embarrassed
22．A．brother B．friend C．teacher D．classmate
23．A．supported B．told C．challenged D．warned
24．A．make B．collect C．save D．borrow
25．A．but B．or C．so D．because
26．A．survive B．change C．increase D．happen
27．A．invitation B．postcards C．pictures D．letters
28．A．remember B．buy C．receive D．visit
29．A．calling B．writing C．waiting D．expecting
30．A．e-mail B．praises C．respect D．money
31．A．different B．attractive C．big D．expensive
32．A．patiently B．gratefully C．bravely D．fortunately
33．A．repeat B．miss C．forget D．avoid
34．A．kids B．gifts C．parents D．assistants
35．A．freedom B．nervous C．honesty D．pride
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Students at Dashui primary school in Xinjian town, Zunyi city, Guizhou province, set up 36． rock band to realize their musical dreams, thanks 37． China's "double reduction" policies to reduce the heavy burden on students.
On Nov 9, students and teachers of the school 38． （cheerful）enjoyed the band's 39． （perform）at the playground.
The band, 40． was set up in October, is made up of seven students from different grades, with a vocalist, a drummer, a keyboardist, a bass player 41． three guitarists.
"Their talent and dreams are likely 42． （give）them wings that could drive them to fly away from the mountains," said Fan Biao, an instructor for the students, who graduated in 2019 and 43． （apply）to serve as a teacher in a special posting（派驻）at Dashui primary school.
"Last term, the average score of our school ranked 44． （one）in the final exam of the primary school group in the county The facts have shown that students were motivated after 45． （carry）out the `double reduction' policies," said Fan.
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2023高一下·高县开学考）
很多学生进入高中以来，因饮食不规律，导致了一系列健康问题，你校英文校刊饮食栏目针对这一问题，向全体同学征稿，请你以"Be a Smart Eater"为题目，为该栏目投稿，主要内容如下：
1）健康饮食的重要性；2）如何做到健康饮食；3）向同学们发出呼吁。
注意：1）词数80左右2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Be a Smart Eater
47．（2023高一下·高县开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I'm crazy about running. Sometimes the pain of running can have a magic influence on a runner. Throughout any given race, you are suffering. Your lungs feel like they're being squeezed (挤压) by something unseen. But it is in this pain that a great runner is created.
My first cross-country coach told me that every race is run with patience and determination. I've carried this advice with me for hundreds of miles. I especially remember the 5 miles of running in one race, where his words encouraged me a lot.
That day the weather was perfect. I and dozens of runners gathered at the starting line to do some last-minute preparations for the running. Then, we lined up and got ready to start. There was a brief moment before the gun gave a signal of running. In that moment of great stress, I determined to push myself to run as fast as possible, hoping to make my coach proud, who was waiting for me at the finish line. When the sound of "Bang" came up, we were off.
Running between runners, I managed to work my way up in the first 400 meters and passed many racers on my sides. But out of good sportsmanship, we each said a "good job" or "keep up" to every person we passed. Although we were competitors, running was a connection we all shared.
The first mile passed quickly in a feeling of excitement. It was not challenging in the beginning of the running. But I knew it would be harder and harder in the following miles. I made full use of the running skills that my coach had taught me. I checked that I was doing everything right, breathing in through my nose, keeping my hands relaxed and pumping (快速摆动) my arms. However, the shadow of tiredness danced before me. Anyway I tried to push it out of my mind.
With time going by, the competition became fiercer. Every runner tried their best to run in order to gain a good place in the race. Audience along the track shouted and cheered us.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eventually I reached the final mile.
Unfortunately, I suddenly fell down.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个做公益的应用软件。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查推理判断。根据Be My Eyes部分中的“This app connects blind people in need of help with sighted people with spare time to offer through video calls. The help needed may be something like identifying a can of food or finding a missing object in the home.”这个应用程序将需要帮助的盲人和有空通过视频通话提供帮助的视力正常的人联系起来。所需的帮助可能是识别一罐食物或在家中找到丢失的物品。可知，Be My Eyes可以帮助盲人，使盲人能够方便地得到帮助。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据OLIO部分中的“This is a neighbor-to-neighbor sharing app for unwanted but eatable food and some non-food items.”这是一个邻里间分享的应用程序，用于不需要但可食用的食物和一些非食物物品；以及Too Good To Go部分中的“Too Good To Go is a popular American app for people who care about the environment. According to the app, 40 percent of eatable food is thrown away each year in the US alone. Users look through the pages of nearby bakeries, cafes and restaurants that have delicious food on special offer that would otherwise binned.”Too Good To Go是一款流行的美国应用程序，适合关心环境的人。根据该应用程序，仅在美国，每年就有40%的可食用食物被扔掉。用户浏览附近面包店、咖啡馆和餐馆的页面，这些面包店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供特价食品，否则会被扔掉。可知，OLIO和Too Good To Go是为了避免食物浪费而设计的应用程序。所以他们的共同特点是：它们的目标都是减少浪费。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据Zooniverse部分中的“Want to help with advanced global research Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher. Help professional scientific and humanities researchers via your mobile device or the website. Global volunteers taking part in this exciting project typically don't have a scientific background but their contribution is highly valued ”想帮忙进行先进的全球研究吗？Zooniverse是一款拥有数百万注册志愿者的应用，让你成为一名公民研究人员。通过你的移动设备或网站帮助专业的，科学的人文研究人员。参与这个激动人心的项目的全球志愿者通常没有科学背景，但他们的贡献受到高度重视。可知，Zooniverse是一个致力于前沿先进研究的公益项目。可推知，对探索未知感兴趣的人最适合使用这个应用软件。故选B。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．C
7．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的病毒检测设备，其通过DNA检测技术帮助农民更快检测出庄稼疾病，以避免农作物严重的损失。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"It is often difficult for farmers to recognize diseases quickly enough to protect their crops."农民通常很难快速识别疾病以保护他们的作物。可知，一些农民面临着他们很难快速识别作物病害。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The device takes out DNA from plants and helps farmers recognize what is harming their crops so that they can change to the improved crops."该装置从植物中提取DNA，帮助农民识别出危害作物的因素，以便他们改种改良作物。可知，Oxford Nanopore的设备，它通过检测DNA来识别作物疾病。故选C。
6．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"And that's possible because of amazing technology, which can give farmers results real-time."这是可能的，因为惊人的技术，可以给农民实时结果。可知，划线词所在句"Once the viruses were recognized, Asha Mohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant to the diseases."的意思是：一旦病毒被识别出来，阿莎·穆罕默德就得到了两种对疾病有抵抗力的种子。可推知，resistant意义为"有抵抗力的"，故选C。
7．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一种新的病毒检测设备，其通过DNA检测技术帮助农民更快检测出庄稼疾病，以避免农作物严重的损失。可推知"DNA技术帮助农民识别作物疾病"符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
【答案】8．D
9．B
10．A
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者以种植为例，形象地讲述了人生哲理：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段“‘Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,' wrote William Wordsworth, who suggested that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we‘plant'in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.”“你的思想是一个花园；你的思想就是种子。收获既可以是花，也可以是杂草，”威廉·华斯沃斯写道，他认为园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们生长茂盛还是不茂盛。可推断，作者用了威廉的话把园艺和人们的生活进行比较。故选D。
9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Before you start to work in your garden, it is necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve ”在你开始在你的花园工作之前，有必要对它有一个愿景。想想你想在你的花园里种什么，以及如何布置它是使你的愿景成为富有成效的现实的良好的第一步。在生活中，你应该考虑你想要创造什么，你想要实现什么，可知，作者认为在翻地整理园子之前，有个好的规划很重要。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“It is a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which ‘life seeds' to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, it's likely that you'll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love. ”这是一种非常明显的行为，能够产生预期的结果。我们每个人都有能力决定种下哪种“生命种子”。例如，如果你播下了不良的种子，你很可能会经历痛苦作为回报。相反，如果你播下善良和理解的种子，你的生活就会充满幸福和爱。可推断，作者在这一段告诉读者我们的生活质量取决于我们的积极付出。故选A。
11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we ‘plant' in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or don't.”园艺的过程反映了人类的生活。取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么，我们生长茂盛还是不茂盛)”以及下文内容的解释可推断，文章作者以种植为例，形象地讲述了人生的哲理：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。可推断，文章可能来自一本关于人生哲理的书籍。故选C。
【答案】12．A
13．A
14．B
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们在地球最南端的南极冰架下900米的地方发现了生命，并且对滤食生物进行了简要介绍。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段“Dr. Huw Griffiths, a marine biologist for the British Antarctic Survey, says, ‘Never in a mill years would we have thought about looking for this kind of life because we didn't think it would be there.'”英国南极调查局的海洋生物学家休·格里菲斯博士说：“我们从来没有想过寻找这种生命，因为我们没想到它会在那里。”所以这项研究是偶然发现的。可推知 accidentally 是“偶然地”之意，故选A。
13．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The video appeared to show 16 sponges (海绵动物) and 22 other unknown creatures, some of which are thought to be barnacles (a small shellfish that attaches itself to objects under water) and tube worms (管虫).”这段视频似乎展示了16种海绵和22种其他未知生物，其中一些被认为是藤壶(一种附着在水下物体上的小贝类)和管虫；以及第二段中的“These creatures are known as filter-feeders (滤食动物)”这些生物被称为滤食动物，可知海绵动物和管虫属于滤食动物。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Dr. Huw Griffiths, a marine biologist for the British Antarctic Survey, says, ‘Never in a mill years would we have thought about looking for this kind of life because we didn't think it would be there.'”英国南极调查局的海洋生物学家休·格里菲斯博士说：“我们从来没有想过寻找这种生命，因为我们没想到它会在那里。”可知，他对于该项研究发现是很惊讶的。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Scientists have found life 900 meters under an, ice shelf (冰架) in the Antarctic, the southernmost region on the earth.”科学家们在地球最南端的南极冰架下900米的地方发现了生命；以及后文对所发现的滤食动物的介绍，可推断，本文旨在向读者介绍冰架下发现的生命。故选B。
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．A；19．E；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在新学校交朋友的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Starting with a new school can be difficult."从一所新学校开始可能很困难，说明从新学校开始可能是困难的；以及空后"If you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends."如果你使用这些技巧，你可以很快地将一些陌生人变成朋友。说明要介绍一些交朋友的技巧，B. Making new friends can be hard, too."交新朋友也很难"承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选B。
17．根据空前"Be yourself."做你自己，为本段标题句，说明要做自己， D. Never change what you are to try and fit in. "永远不要为了努力融入其中改变你是谁"说明要坚持做自己，符合本段含义。故选D。
18．根据空后"Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school."记住要善待你在新学校遇到的人；以及"Also, remember to be as helpful as possible."此外，请记住尽可能提供帮助)"说明对待别人要怀有善意， A. Be friendly to others. "对别人友好"可以作为本段标题句，符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空后"Introduce yourself"自我介绍，说明要介绍自己，E．Tell them your name and where you're from."告诉他们你的名字和来自哪里"具体说明自我介绍的方式，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
20．根据空前"You like it when people use your name, and so do other people."你喜欢别人叫你的名字，其他人也一样。说明大家都喜欢别人叫自己的名字， F. People may become angry if you just begin by saying "Hey" each time. "如果你每次刚开始说‘嘿'，人们可能会生气"说明如果不叫对方的名字可能会使人生气，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．B；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．D；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．C；32．B；33．C；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个 13 岁的孩子为了帮助得重病的孩子们体验一次野营而筹资的经历。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：所有的董事会成员都对这个揭幕战感到惊讶。A.excited"兴奋的"；B.angry"生气的"；C.amazed"惊讶的"；D.embarrassed"尴尬的"。根据下文"Did a thirteen year old really raise much money "可知，董事会成员们对此感到很惊讶。故选 C。
22．句意：那个男孩是我弟弟丹尼。A.brother"兄弟"； B.friend "朋友"；C.teacher "老师"； D.classmate"同学"。根据下文"Danny wrote and sent out 7 to all of our family and friends."可知，Danny 是作者的家庭成员。故选 A。
23．句意：在他 13 岁生日的前几个月，丹尼告诉我的家人，他想为"一步营地"募集资金，在一个专为重病儿童设立的地方，让他们有一个简单的营地体验，这是许多孩子认为理所当然的。A.supported"支持"；B.told"告诉"；C.challenged"挑战"； D.warned"警告"。根据下文"When Danny told me he was really going to follow through with this"可知，Danny 告诉家人自己的想法。故选 B。
24．句意：在他 13 岁生日的前几个月，丹尼告诉我的家人，他想为"一步营地"募集资金，在一个专为重病儿童设立的地方，让他们有一个简单的营地体验，这是许多孩子认为理所当然的。A.make"制造"；B.collect"收集"；C.save"挽救"；D.borrow"借"。根据上文"Did a thirteen year old really raise much money Yes, he did."可知，此处表示筹集资金。故选 B。
25．句意：当丹尼告诉我他真的会坚持到底的时候，我当然为他感到骄傲，但我不认为他真的能够成功。A.but "但是"；B.or"或者"； C.so因此； D. because因为。 根据空前"I was proud of him"和空后"I didn't think he would really be able to succeed."形成转折关系。故选 A。
26．句意：当丹尼告诉我他真的会坚持到底的时候，我当然为他感到骄傲，但我不认为他真的能够成功。A.survive"幸存"；B. change "变化"； C.increase"增加"；D.happen"发生"。根据空前"there was no way"可知，作者认为 Danny 不可能使这件事发生。故选 D。
27．句意：丹尼独自一人，给我们所有的家人和朋友写信和寄信。A.invitation"请柬"；B.postcards"贺卡"； C.pictures"图片"； D.letters"信"。根据下文"how wonderfully encouraging Danny's letters were"可知，此处是信息词 letters 的词汇复现。故选 D。
28．句意：当人们开始接收这些信时，我们家里的电话一直响个不停。A.remember "想起"；B. buy"买"；C.receive"收到"；D.visit"参观"。根据上文"Danny wrote and sent out 7 to all of our family and friends."可知，人们开始收到信。故选 C。
29．句意：每个人都打电话来说丹尼的信是多么鼓舞人心。A.calling "打电话"； B.writing "写"； C.waiting"等"；D.expecting"预料"。根据上文"our home phone did not stop ringing."可知，此处表示打电话。故选 A。
30．句意：当电话停止时，钱开始流入。A.e-mail"电子邮件"；B. praises "表扬"；C.respect"尊敬"； D.money"钱"。根据下文"No matter how 11 or small these donations were"可知，捐款开始涌入。故选 D。
31．句意：这些捐款无论大小，丹尼都感激地接受了，因为他知道每一笔捐款都有助于实现他的目标。A.different"不同的"；B.attractive"吸引人的"；C.big"大的"；D.expensive"昂贵的"。空处和 small 对应，表示大笔的捐款。故选 C。
32．句意：这些捐款无论大小，丹尼都感激地接受了，因为他知道每一笔捐款都有助于实现他的目标。A.patiently"耐心地"；B. gratefully"感激地"；C.bravely "勇敢地"；D.fortunately"幸运地"。根据空后"because he knew that every single donation would help to realize his goal."可知，Danny 对每笔捐款都表示感激。故选 B。
33．句意：在他生日那天，丹尼说了我永远不会忘记的话。A.repeat "重复"；B.miss"怀念，错过"；C.forget"忘记"； D.avoid"避免"。根据下文"With all of your help, I'll be able to send three 14 to camp this summer!"可知，Danny 说的话让作者难忘。故选 C。
34．句意："有了你们的帮助，今年夏天我就能送三个孩子去夏令营了！"A. kids"孩子"；B. gifts"礼物" ；C. parents"父母"；D. assistants"助手"。根据上文"he wanted to 4 money for Camp One Step at a place for seriously ill kids to have a simple camp experience"可知，此处是信息词 kids 的词汇复现。故选 A。
35．句意：当我看着他站在我们面前时，我从来没有见过他这么骄傲。A.freedom"自由"；B. nervous"紧张"；C. honesty"诚信"； D.pride"自豪"。由于Danny 为三个孩子筹集到了钱，所以很自豪。故选 D。
【答案】36．a；37．to；38．cheerfully；39．performance；40．which；41．and；42．to give；43．applied；44．first；45．carrying
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了由于中国的"双减价"政策来减轻了学生的沉重负担，贵州省遵义市新建镇大水小学的学生成立了摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，介词，副词，名词，定语从句，连词，非谓语动词，数词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：贵州省遵义市新建镇大水小学的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想，这要归功于中国的"双减价"政策，以减轻学生的沉重负担。根据句意可知，大水小学的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队，所以空处需要不定冠词，空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以要用不定冠词a。故填a。
37．句意：贵州省遵义市新建镇大水小学的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想，这要归功于中国的"双减价"政策，以减轻学生的沉重负担。thanks to固定短语， "多亏"，后加名词。故填to。
38．句意：11月9日，学校师生在操场上兴高采烈地欣赏乐队的表演。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词enjoyed，所以要用副词。故填cheerfully。
39．句意：11月9日，学校师生在操场上兴高采烈地欣赏乐队的表演。根据空前的名词所有格可知，空处需要名词。perform为动词"表演"，其名词为performance。故填performance。
40．句意：该乐队成立于10月，由7名不同年级的学生组成，包括一名歌手、一名鼓手、一名键盘手、一名贝司手和三名吉他手。_____ was set up in October是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the band，为物，先行词在非限定性定语从句中做主语。故填which。
41．句意：该乐队成立于10月，由7名不同年级的学生组成，包括一名歌手、一名鼓手、一名键盘手、一名贝司手和三名吉他手。根据空前的 "a vocalist, a drummer, a keyboardist, a bass player "和空后的"guitarists"可知，需要并列连词把这几词连起来。故填and。
42．句意："他们的天赋和梦想很可能会给他们翅膀，让他们飞离群山，"学生导师范彪说，他于2019年毕业，并申请在大水小学的一个特殊职位上担任教师。be likely to do sth. 固定短语，"可能做某事"，故填to give。
43．句意："他们的天赋和梦想很可能会给他们翅膀，让他们飞离群山，"学生导师范彪说，他于2019年毕业，并申请在大水小学的一个特殊职位上担任教师。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个谓语动词，根据graduated可知，句子为一般过去时态。故填applied。
44．句意：上学期，我们学校的平均成绩在该县小学组的期末考试中排名第一。根据句意可知，该校的平均成绩排名第一，所以空处要用序数词。故填first。
45．句意：事实表明，学生们在执行‘双减'政策后受到了激励。分析句子结构可知，本空前的after为介词，所以需要用动名词作宾语。故填carrying。
46．【答案】 As a high school student, I noticed that many students had a series of health problems because of irregular diet. Now I'd like to call on you to be a smart eater.
For us students, eating healthy food is of great importance because we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well. Having meals regularly is a good way to keep fit and prevent diseases. Besides, we should eat less junk food. By eating junk food, we may get sick easily.
Let's change our way of living. Let's have a healthy diet from now on. By having meals regularly, we will grow up healthily and happily.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以 "Be a Smart Eater"为题目，为该栏目投稿 。写作背景： 很多学生进入高中以来，因饮食不规律，导致了一系列健康问题，你校英文校刊饮食栏目针对这一问题，向全体同学征稿 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）健康饮食的重要性；2）如何做到健康饮食；3）向同学们发出呼吁。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： As a high school student, I noticed that many students had a series of health problems because of irregular diet. 运用了宾语从句；For us students, eating healthy food is of great importance because we need enough nutrients to keep our body functioning well. 运用了原因状语从句；Having meals regularly is a good way to keep fit and prevent diseases. 运用了动名词作主语；Let's change our way of living.运用了祈使句。
47．【答案】Possible version:
Eventually I reached the final mile. It was then that I felt extremely tired and sweat fell down my face. Many runners in the race had fallen behind, but I refused to be one of them. Instead, I chose to pump my legs a little faster and push myself a little harder. As the last half mile was near, the number of people along the track increased. Around the next corner, I could see my coach waving to me in great excitement. I tried to run faster.
Unfortunately, I suddenly fell down. I felt great pain and discouraged. Just at that moment, the audience shouted, "Come on, girl!" "Watch out!" "Keep up!" Meanwhile, a runner behind me came to me and gave me a lift. I was really grateful and encouraged. I stood up and ran for the final 400 meters. When I finally sailed over the finish line, I nearly cried with relief. I won the third place in the race. My coach was proud of me and I felt great too.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者一次5英里跑步比赛的经历，直到最后一英里作者都是领先，但是不小心摔倒了，最终得了第三名。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"最终我到达了最后一英里。"可知，第一段可描写作者在最后一英里的领先地位以及作者期盼成功的喜悦。②由第二段首句内容"不幸的是，我突然摔倒了。"可知，第二段可描写作者跌倒后的痛苦悲伤和旁人给她的鼓励。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：It was then that I felt extremely tired and sweat fell down my face.运用了强调句； Many runners in the race had fallen behind, but I refused to be one of them. 运用了转折并列句；As the last half mile was near, the number of people along the track increased.运用了时间状语从句；When I finally sailed over the finish line, I nearly cried with relief.运用了时间状语从句；My coach was proud of me and I felt great too.运用了并列句。
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