外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit3 Times change!词汇精讲课堂课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研
册别单元：选择性必修二 Unit 3
elderly
重难点词
辨析义
occupation
adapt & adaptation
reform
辨析义
熟词生义
熟词生义
solid
emotion & emotional
一词多义
搭配义
soul
熟词生义
英语释义
economic
compete
一词多义
抽象名词后缀-ship
accessible
熟词生义
intention
熟词生义
elderly
高考链接
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。
When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the ________________（老年人）thanked them for their kindness. （2009 浙江）
old people
elderly people
elderly 比 old 更正式、更委婉
elderly 构词解读：elder (older) + -ly
elder
■ adj［只用于名词前］年龄较大的；年长的：
an elder brother / sister
■ n [C]
［用单数］［正式用语］年龄较大者：
He is her elder by several years.
［用复数］长者；长辈：
the village elders
elderly adj［委婉用语］（人）较老的；上了年纪的：
All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. 2016 北京书面表达
Chongyang, the traditional Chinese festival for the elderly, is coming around.
选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
old, elderly
1. She’s getting _________ — she will be 75 next year.
2. When their children lived far away from them, these _________ people felt cut off from the world.（2016 浙江）
3. The association（协会）is advising the pregnant women, the very young and the _________ to avoid such foods.
old指年老的、年纪大的；elderly比old更正式，是old的委婉语，指年纪较大的、上了年纪的。
析
辨
old
old / elderly
elderly
compete
词源解读：
com- (together) + petere (to seek) → 一直追寻、寻找 → 共同追逐同一个目标，即基本义为“竞争”。
compete R3 vi
Animals in the wild have to compete for food.
I have to compete against 19 other people for the job.
Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 2009 重庆
竞争；对抗 to try to be more successful or better than sb else who is trying to do the same as you：
参加比赛：
Women were first allowed to compete in the Olympic shooting in 1968. 2008 广东书面表达
词族
compete, competence, competition, competitive, competitor
【词汇拓展】
competence n [C] & [U] 能力；胜任 the ability to do sth well：
Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence. 2011 江苏
I hope I will develop competence in a variety of new skills.
【词汇拓展】
competition n
[U] 竞争：
They’re in competition with each other for the prize.
[C] 比赛；竞赛：
Without her, he would never have won the competition. 2008 江西
One hundred teams from high schools all over the country have entered the competition.
Last week we held an English Speech competition. 2010 湖南书面表达改
【词汇拓展】
competitive R2 adj 竞争性的；有竞争力的；好强的：
competitive games
a shop offering competitive prices
Competitive people want to be the best at everything.
competitor R3 n [C] 比赛者；竞争者：
In the long jump, competitors try to jump as far forward as possible.
reform
翻译：
改革开放是中国人民和中华民族发展史上一次伟大革命。
The _____________________ is a great revolution in the history of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation
reform and opening-up
reform词源解读
reform由re- (again) + formare (to form) 构成。
to form again（重新组成，变成另一种更好的形式）, 即基本义为“改革”“改进”。
reform
■ vt 改革；vt & vi（使）改过自新：
reform an unfair system
The criminal has promised to reform.
■ n [C] & [U] 改革；改造：
social / political / medical reform
reform and opening-up
由物到人
solid
实心球（solid ball）是一种体育器材，实心材质，呈球形。它同时也是一种体育项目，讲究力量性和动作速度，部分地区将“投掷实心球”的分数计入中考。
solid
■ n [C] 固体：
Water exists as a solid, a liquid and a gas.
■ adj
实心的：
a solid ball
固体的：
solid fuel / food
坚固的；牢固的：
The old house has a solid foundation.
可靠的：
There is solid evidence to show he wasn’t there when the crime took place.
economic
economy R3 n
[C] 经济（情况）；经济制度：
the age of “information economy” 2011 上海
a low-carbon economy 2010 江苏
The fast-growing economy has caused environmental problems.
[C] & [U] 节约；经济实惠：
Walking to work instead of driving one’s car is an economy.
Do you want to fly first or economy class
economic R3 adj
［只用于名词前］经济（学）的；经济上的 connected with trade, industry and the management of money：
an economic crisis
economic theory
有利可图的；合算的 producing a profit (profitable)：
The mine was closed because it was not economic.
economics n [U] 经济学
【词汇拓展】
economical adj 经济的；实惠的；节约的 using money, time, goods, etc. carefully and without wasting any：
an economical car
economically adv 在经济上；节约地：
Although the country has had political independence for over a century, economically it needs the support of its neighbors.
occupation
提到职业，你还能想到哪些单词？job,work,career, occupation …
都有什么区别？
occupation n
[U] 占领；居住：
a country under occupation
the wildlife in occupation of the island
[C] 工作；职业：
What do you imagine will be your future occupation
occupation：occupy + -ation
occupation指某人通常从事的“工作”“职业”，是正式用语，常用于正式文体或表格中。
The applicant is required to state his name, age, and occupation on the form.
work尤指目的是挣钱的工作、职业。
Though I had a lot of experience, I could not find satisfying work.
career指生涯、职业。
She fully intends to continue her sporting career once she has recovered from her injuries.
析
辨
profession指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。
When he graduated from college, he wanted to enter the medical profession.
trade指行业，尤指手工职业、工艺、行当。
A skilled trade can offer secure（稳定的）employment, even in the worst economic times.
job指工作、职位，是可数名词
In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
析
辨
你知道3Q吗？
3Q即为IQ（智商）、EQ（情商）、AQ（逆商），注重这三点的教育被称为“3Q教育”。具备IQ、EQ、AQ， 成为人们获取成功必备的不二法宝。有专家甚至断言：100%的成功 = 20%的IQ + 80%的 EQ 和 AQ。
emotion & emotional
IQ = Intelligence Quotient
EQ = Emotional Quotient
AQ = Adversity Quotient
emotion & emotional
emotion R3
n [C] & [U] 感情；情绪；激情：
be full of emotion
Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment. 2010 江西
The decision was based on emotion rather than on reason.
emotional R3 adj
［只用于名词前］情绪（上）的；情感（上）的：
emotional quotient (EQ)
children’s emotional and intellectual development
My family provides emotional support when I feel very painful.
e- (ex-, out 向外) + -mot- (move 移动) + -ion → 由内向外移动的东西 → 情绪
激起感情的；激动人心的：
emotional language
感情用事的；凭感情的：
an emotional person
emotionally adv 情绪上；情感上
词根 前缀 / 后缀 单词 派生词
mot pro-（向前 forward） promote v 促进；晋升 promotion n 促进；晋升
re-（向后、往回 back） remote adj 遥远的
-ive motive n 动机 motivate v 激励
motivated adj 积极的；主动的
motivation n 积极性；动机
-or motor n 发动机；马达
-ion motion n 运动；动
e-（外 out）; -ion emotion n 感情；情绪 emotional adj 情绪（上）的；情感（上）的
mot词根
emotion “情绪”，指强烈的情感或情绪，如爱、恨、恐惧 、愤怒等。
Retee listened with mixed emotions.
She never hides her emotions in front of her friends.
feeling “感受”，指内心和感官的感受或表露出来的强烈情感。
I’ve got a feeling of hunger.
Her performance seemed to me completely lacking in feeling.
passion “激情”，指强烈的感情或对某事物的狂热爱好.
My friend has a passion for British literature.
析
辨
emotion, feeling, passion
高考链接
根据所给汉语，完成句子。
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of Chinese works of art, ___________ __________________________（为了）exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics（美学）on Western fashion.（2019 全国）
intention
with the
/ with the intention of
aim of
intention n [C] & [U] 意图；目的 (aim / purpose)：
I have no intention of changing my plan.
This program was set up with the intention of providing help for homeless people.
She had a firm intention within herself to be the best swimmer. 2016 天津改
【词汇拓展】
intend vt 打算；想要 to plan or mean to do sth：
I intend no harm.
① intend doing / to do sth：
He intends studying / to study abroad next year.
② intend sb / sth to do sth：
I intend you to come with me.
③ intend + that 从句：
We intend that / It is intended that production will start next month.
intended adj（为……）打算的：
The book is intended for children.
His visit is intended to strengthen ties between the two countries.
日常用语中更常用plan
intention尤指近期的打算、意图。
She’s full of good intentions but they rarely work out.
plan 通常但不总是指较长远的计划、安排。
There are no plans to build new offices.
purpose指做某事的原因，含有要成就某事的强烈感觉，较正式
Our campaign’s main purpose is to raise money.
aim 指要达到或尝试达到的目的；即可指某人的目的，也可指某事的目的。
She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
析
辨
intention, plan, purpose, aim
adapt & adaptation
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。
Cheer up! You’ll quickly _______________________________（适应）student life.
/ adjust yourself to
adapt yourself to
get used to
adapt R2 v
vt & vi（使）适应 (adjust)；（使）适合：
adapt (oneself) to sth:
As time went by, I gradually adapted myself to the school life. 2011 广东书面表达
vt［常用于被动语态］改编；改写：
This new film is said to be adapted from a novel by Jane Austen.
Three of his novels have been adapted for television.
adaptation n [C] & [U] 适应；改编；改编的作品
accessible
生活中，我们常常会看见这个标志，你知道这是什么意思吗？
无障碍通道（wheelchair accessible）是方便残疾人出行的专用通道，是残疾人参与社会生活的基本条件，体现了对残疾人士的人文关怀，是社会文明进步的重要标志。
accessible R2 adj (access + ible)
易进入的；易得到的；易使用的：
Each floor has wheelchair accessible toilets. 2014 北京
易懂的：
This magazine makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children. 2017 北京改
（人）易接近的；平易近人的
Knowledge is the food of the soul.
知识是精神食粮。 ——柏拉图
soul
柏拉图（Plato，公元前427年—公元前347年），是古希腊伟大的哲学家，也是整个西方文化中最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。
柏拉图和老师苏格拉底，学生亚里士多德并称为希腊三贤。
soul R3 n [C]
灵魂；心灵；精神：
pray for the souls of the dead
Knowledge is the food of the soul.
精髓；中心人物：
the soul of a book
人：
We had driven ten hours along the road but there was not a soul in sight.
抽象名词后缀-ship
写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义。
1. Positive leadership could make a big difference to employees’ performance.（2012 江苏） ____________
2. Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship.（2012 辽宁改） ____________
3. Do you have any proof of ownership for this car ____________
4. The famous tennis player has held the championship for the past two years.
____________
5. He developed his own program in partnership with an American expert.
____________
6. The musicianship of this talented young woman pianist is breathtaking.
____________
领导
友谊
所有权
冠军地位 / 称号
合伙 / 伙伴关系
音乐技能
7. The popular magazine has a readership of over 250,000. ____________
8. She was appointed to a professorship in Economics at Princeton.
____________
9. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed to go into the sports club.（2012 上海） ____________
10. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential. （2011 湖北） ____________
11. As a nation we pride ourselves on our strong sense of sportsmanship and fair play. ____________
读者
教授职位
会员（资格）
关系
体育精神
将下列单词按后缀-ship的含义分类。
后缀-ship表示“地位”“资格”“职位”：
__________________________________________________
后缀-ship表示“状态”“性质”“品质”：
__________________________________________________
后缀-ship表示“技艺”“技能”：
__________________________________________________
后缀-ship表示“……的（人）数”：
__________________________________________________
leadership, championship, professorship, membership
friendship, ownership, partnership, relationship, sportsmanship
musicianship
readership
friendship, leadership, championship, partnership, professorship, membership, musicianship, ownership, relationship, readership, sportsmanship
随堂检测
elderly
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Double Ninth Festival is the day for ________ elderly in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the ________ (elder) people in the nearby nursing home.（2015 全国改）
二、根据提示，翻译下列句子。
1. 昨天你看见的不是她，而是她姐姐。
The person you saw yesterday was not her, but her ______________________.
2. 对于老年人来说，电视是与外界联系的重要纽带。
For ________________________, TV is a vital link with the outside world.
the
elderly
elder sister
elderly people / the elderly
compete
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Museums must compete _____________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.（2020 山东）
2. It’s difficult for a small supermarket to compete _____________ the big supermarkets.
3. Over thirty children will compete _____________ the swimming championships.
4. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _____________ (compete) to watch.（2019 全国）
for
against / with
in
competition
reform
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. He has displayed remarkable courage in his efforts to reform the unfair system. ___________
2. The girl realised she was in the wrong and promised to reform. ___________
3. The school has carried out great reforms under the leadership of Mr Buxton. ___________
4. Along with development of China’s reform and opening-up, China has been transforming from the sellers’ market to the buyers’ market. ___________
5. A reformed party would have to win the approval（认可）of the people. ___________
改革
改过自新
改革
改革开放
改革的 / 革新的
solid
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. Solids turn to liquids at certain temperatures. ___________
2. He did not eat solid food for several weeks. ___________
3. A tennis ball is hollow（空心的）, but a base ball is solid. ___________
4. If your race car isn’t insured（投保）, you may risk losing everything when it hits something solid. ___________
5. The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.（2012 浙江） ___________
6. The taps appeared to be made of solid gold. ___________
固体
固体的
实心的
坚硬的
可靠的
纯金
economic
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. An economic crisis may have tremendous consequences for our global security. ___________
2. The book’s intention was to make economic theory more digestible. ___________
3. The new system may be more economic but will lead to a decline in programme quality. ___________
4. There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it.（2009 山东） ___________
经济危机
经济的
合算的
经济学
occupation
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and occupation.
___________
2. Parachuting（跳伞）is a dangerous occupation. ___________
3. That farm has been in the occupation of the same family for over a hundred years. ___________
4. The offices will be ready for occupation in June. ___________
5. When the first scientist came to the region they found little evidence of human occupation. ___________
职业
消遣活动
占有 / 占领
使用
居住
emotion & emotional
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Jerry is easily troubled by _____________ (emotion) and relationship problems.
2. They are _____________ (emotional) mature and should behave responsibly.
二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。
1. Ancient poems _________________（充满感情）and rich imagination.
2. We all need love, appreciation, and ________________（情感支持）.
3. My mother is __________________（一个感性的人）.
emotional
emotionally
are full of emotion
emotional support
an emotional person
intention
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I intend _______________ (join) in a Dragon Boat Training Camp.（2015 北京）
2. The writer clearly intends his readers _____________ (identify) with the main character.
二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。
1. I __________________（不打算）trusting her with any secret of mine.
2. We come to school __________________（目的是）learning knowledge.
have no intention of
with the intention of
joining / to join
to identify
adapt & adaptation
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. Apparently, I had difficulty adapting myself ___________ life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight.（2014 上海）
2. The movie was adapted ___________ a novel.
3. The story was adapted ___________ a TV play.
二、根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. The process of adaptation to a new school is difficult for some children.
___________
2. The film adaptation was a big hit and won five Oscars. ___________
适应
改编
to
from
for
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be ___________ (access) to the kids.（2009 江西改）
2. Public places are becoming more accessible ___________ people with disabilities.
二、根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter. ___________
2. Her poetry is always very accessible. ___________
3. Computers should be made readily accessible to teachers and pupils.
___________
4. I think that you’ll find she’s very accessible. ___________
accessible
accessible
to
易懂的
可进入的
易使用的
易接近的
soul
根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan.（2014 江苏） ___________
2. She’s lost all her money, poor soul. ___________
3. She has a soul above material pleasures. ___________
4. The eye is the window of the soul. ___________
5. He was the life and soul of the enterprise. ___________
6. Learn to find the soul of a book and assimilate（融入）it into your life.
___________
人
灵魂
精神
心灵
中心人物
精髓
谢
谢
观
赏