外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit3 Times change!结构-情景破学案（有答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit3 Times change!结构-情景破学案（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-03 16:29:06 | ||
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Unit 3结构-情景破
知识点1 过去分词（短语）作状语
When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.（教材P33）1999年表情符号首次在日本推行时，仅限于176个简单的设计。
情景导学
Seated behind a wooden desk，he examined my passport and visa.
他坐在木桌后，检查了我的护照和签证。
He died quietly in his chair，seated by the fireside. 他坐在炉边的椅子上安静地死去了。
When（he was）asked why he came here，the boy kept silent. 当那个男孩被问到为何来这里时，他沉默不语。
归纳拓展
①过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是 ________的主语。过去分词（短语）作状语可放在句首，也可位于句末，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
②过去分词（短语）作状语时，可在分词（短语）之前加某些 ________，以表示强调。常用的有if、unless、when、once、 until、though/although、even if/even though、as、as if等。此结构实际上是状语从句的省略形式，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语是被动形式时，省略从句的主语和be动词。
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2018北京，10，★★☆）Ordinary soap, _______ (use）correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.
1-2（2016北京，28，★★☆）_______（order）over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
1-3（★★☆）________(absorb）in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
1-4（★★☆）________(raise）in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
1-5（★★☆）Children，when ________（accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
1-6（★★☆）When ________（ask) for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
知识点2 It seems that... 看起来……；好像......
It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language.教材P33）看起来表情符号比书面语有明显优势。
其中It是形式主语，seems为系动词，that引导主语从句。
情景导学
It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company.
女人似乎更难提升到公司高层。
It seems that he is ill. = He seems（to be）ill.
他好像病了。
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. = No one seems to know what has happened in the park.
似乎没有人知道公园里发生了什么事。
归纳拓展
①在“It seems that...”句型中，It为形式主语，没有实际意义；that引导 ________从句。
②“It seems that...” 句型可以转换成“名词或代词+seem（s）+不定式” 结构，意义不变；如果不定式结构为“to be+形容词”，to be常可省略。
③seem like 好像
单句语法填空
2-1（2019江苏，任务型阅读，★★☆）It seems obvious ______ evolution should select for larger brains.Mammals（哺乳动物）weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3.
2-2（2019浙江，阅读理解C，★★☆) California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems ______（be）a major factor（因素）.
同义句转换
2-3（2019课标全国I，阅读理解B，★★☆）
With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
→ With shining dark eye, ______ ______ ______ he is the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
知识点3 as引导非限制性定语从句
As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.（教材P33）
正如我们所看到的，表情符号有一种随处可见的趋势。
情景导学
The Beatles，as many of you are old enough to remember，came from Liverpool. 正如你们中许多人年纪足够大能记住的那样，披头士乐队来自利物浦。
As is often the case，girls like dolls while boys like guns.
女孩子喜欢玩偶而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。
He changed his mind again，which made us all angry.
他又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。
归纳拓展
①as引导非限制性定语从句时，常含有see、know、remember、say、tell，expect、guess等动词，在从句中作主语或宾语。as引导的此类从句可以置于_______。
② which和as在引导非限制性定语从句中的区别：which引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首，而as引导的非限制性定语从句可以；as在句中有“______”之意，而 which则没有；which引导非限制性定语从句时常指前面主句所提到的事，常译为“________”等，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常有并列、因果关系。
单句语法填空
3-1（2018北京，5，★★☆）She and her family bicycle to work, ______ helps them keep fit
3-2（★★☆）The number of smokers, ______ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
3-3（★★☆）China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
3-4（★★☆）Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quit unexpected.
3-5（★★☆）We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper.
一句多译
3-6（★★★）众所周知，在古代，丝绸之路连接中国和西方。
参考答案：
知识点1
①句子 ②连词
l-1 used 考查非谓语动词。句意：普通肥皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。ue和soap之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。
1-2 Ordered 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了，现在预计随时会到。order与逻辑主语 the books之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
1-3 Absorbed 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于在全神贯注地画画，约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了。设空处动作与句子主语John之间为被动关系，再结合固定搭配he absorbed in，可知此处应填 Absorbed。
1-4 Raised 考查非谓语动词。句意：他是在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区长大的，经过一条漫长而艰难的道路才成了一名足球明星。raise与句子主语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
1-5 accompanied 考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们在其父母的陪伴下才被允许进入这个运动场。主语Children与 accompany之间为逻辑上的被动关系when accompanied by their parents相当于 when they are accompanied by their parents。故填 accompanied。
1-6 asked 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到他对教学工作的看法时，Philip说他觉得这很有趣，也很有益。ask的逻辑主语为Philip，与ask之间构成被动关系，故使用过去分词表示被动。
知识点2
①主语
2-1 that 考查主语从句。句意：这似乎很明显，进化应该选择更大的大脑，体重60公斤的哺乳动物平均大脑尺寸为200立方厘米。此句中It为形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that不能省略。故填 that。
2-2 to be 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据周二发表的项研究，自20世纪30年代以来，加利福尼亚已经失去了一半的大树，而且气候变化似乎是一个主要因素。此处构成sth.seems to be结构。
2-3 it seems that
知识点3
①句首、句中或句尾 ②正如，就像；这一点，这件事
3-1 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和她的家人都骑自行车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。此处 which指代前面整个主句，在从句中作主语。故填which。
3-2 as 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如所报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句，当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态，且此处表示“正如”，故填as。
3-3 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者，这表明世界各地越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词为前面整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且指“这件事”，故填which。
3-4 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：到目前为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子筹款50，000英镑，这非常出乎（我们的）意料。根据句子结构可知该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填 which。
3-5 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这件事在今天的报纸上宣布了。先行词为前面整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且表示“这件事”，故用 which。
3-6 As we all know, the Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times. /The Silk road，as is known to all of us, connected China to the West in ancient times./The Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times, as is known to all of us. /What is known to all of us is that the Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times./It is known to all of us that the Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times.
知识点1 过去分词（短语）作状语
When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.（教材P33）1999年表情符号首次在日本推行时，仅限于176个简单的设计。
情景导学
Seated behind a wooden desk，he examined my passport and visa.
他坐在木桌后，检查了我的护照和签证。
He died quietly in his chair，seated by the fireside. 他坐在炉边的椅子上安静地死去了。
When（he was）asked why he came here，the boy kept silent. 当那个男孩被问到为何来这里时，他沉默不语。
归纳拓展
①过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是 ________的主语。过去分词（短语）作状语可放在句首，也可位于句末，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
②过去分词（短语）作状语时，可在分词（短语）之前加某些 ________，以表示强调。常用的有if、unless、when、once、 until、though/although、even if/even though、as、as if等。此结构实际上是状语从句的省略形式，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语是被动形式时，省略从句的主语和be动词。
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2018北京，10，★★☆）Ordinary soap, _______ (use）correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.
1-2（2016北京，28，★★☆）_______（order）over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
1-3（★★☆）________(absorb）in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
1-4（★★☆）________(raise）in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
1-5（★★☆）Children，when ________（accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
1-6（★★☆）When ________（ask) for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
知识点2 It seems that... 看起来……；好像......
It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language.教材P33）看起来表情符号比书面语有明显优势。
其中It是形式主语，seems为系动词，that引导主语从句。
情景导学
It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company.
女人似乎更难提升到公司高层。
It seems that he is ill. = He seems（to be）ill.
他好像病了。
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. = No one seems to know what has happened in the park.
似乎没有人知道公园里发生了什么事。
归纳拓展
①在“It seems that...”句型中，It为形式主语，没有实际意义；that引导 ________从句。
②“It seems that...” 句型可以转换成“名词或代词+seem（s）+不定式” 结构，意义不变；如果不定式结构为“to be+形容词”，to be常可省略。
③seem like 好像
单句语法填空
2-1（2019江苏，任务型阅读，★★☆）It seems obvious ______ evolution should select for larger brains.Mammals（哺乳动物）weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3.
2-2（2019浙江，阅读理解C，★★☆) California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems ______（be）a major factor（因素）.
同义句转换
2-3（2019课标全国I，阅读理解B，★★☆）
With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
→ With shining dark eye, ______ ______ ______ he is the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
知识点3 as引导非限制性定语从句
As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.（教材P33）
正如我们所看到的，表情符号有一种随处可见的趋势。
情景导学
The Beatles，as many of you are old enough to remember，came from Liverpool. 正如你们中许多人年纪足够大能记住的那样，披头士乐队来自利物浦。
As is often the case，girls like dolls while boys like guns.
女孩子喜欢玩偶而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。
He changed his mind again，which made us all angry.
他又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。
归纳拓展
①as引导非限制性定语从句时，常含有see、know、remember、say、tell，expect、guess等动词，在从句中作主语或宾语。as引导的此类从句可以置于_______。
② which和as在引导非限制性定语从句中的区别：which引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首，而as引导的非限制性定语从句可以；as在句中有“______”之意，而 which则没有；which引导非限制性定语从句时常指前面主句所提到的事，常译为“________”等，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常有并列、因果关系。
单句语法填空
3-1（2018北京，5，★★☆）She and her family bicycle to work, ______ helps them keep fit
3-2（★★☆）The number of smokers, ______ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
3-3（★★☆）China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
3-4（★★☆）Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quit unexpected.
3-5（★★☆）We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper.
一句多译
3-6（★★★）众所周知，在古代，丝绸之路连接中国和西方。
参考答案：
知识点1
①句子 ②连词
l-1 used 考查非谓语动词。句意：普通肥皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。ue和soap之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。
1-2 Ordered 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了，现在预计随时会到。order与逻辑主语 the books之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
1-3 Absorbed 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于在全神贯注地画画，约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了。设空处动作与句子主语John之间为被动关系，再结合固定搭配he absorbed in，可知此处应填 Absorbed。
1-4 Raised 考查非谓语动词。句意：他是在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区长大的，经过一条漫长而艰难的道路才成了一名足球明星。raise与句子主语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
1-5 accompanied 考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们在其父母的陪伴下才被允许进入这个运动场。主语Children与 accompany之间为逻辑上的被动关系when accompanied by their parents相当于 when they are accompanied by their parents。故填 accompanied。
1-6 asked 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到他对教学工作的看法时，Philip说他觉得这很有趣，也很有益。ask的逻辑主语为Philip，与ask之间构成被动关系，故使用过去分词表示被动。
知识点2
①主语
2-1 that 考查主语从句。句意：这似乎很明显，进化应该选择更大的大脑，体重60公斤的哺乳动物平均大脑尺寸为200立方厘米。此句中It为形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that不能省略。故填 that。
2-2 to be 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据周二发表的项研究，自20世纪30年代以来，加利福尼亚已经失去了一半的大树，而且气候变化似乎是一个主要因素。此处构成sth.seems to be结构。
2-3 it seems that
知识点3
①句首、句中或句尾 ②正如，就像；这一点，这件事
3-1 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和她的家人都骑自行车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。此处 which指代前面整个主句，在从句中作主语。故填which。
3-2 as 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如所报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句，当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态，且此处表示“正如”，故填as。
3-3 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者，这表明世界各地越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词为前面整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且指“这件事”，故填which。
3-4 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：到目前为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子筹款50，000英镑，这非常出乎（我们的）意料。根据句子结构可知该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填 which。
3-5 which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这件事在今天的报纸上宣布了。先行词为前面整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且表示“这件事”，故用 which。
3-6 As we all know, the Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times. /The Silk road，as is known to all of us, connected China to the West in ancient times./The Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times, as is known to all of us. /What is known to all of us is that the Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times./It is known to all of us that the Silk Road connected China to the West in ancient times.